xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh.c (revision 4b70baf6e17fc8b27fc1f7fa7929335753fa94c3)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh.c,v 1.501 2019/04/23 11:56:41 dtucker Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Ssh client program.  This program can be used to log into a remote machine.
7  * The software supports strong authentication, encryption, and forwarding
8  * of X11, TCP/IP, and authentication connections.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  *
16  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
17  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
18  *
19  * Modified to work with SSL by Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
20  * in Canada (German citizen).
21  *
22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24  * are met:
25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30  *
31  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
32  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
33  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
34  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
35  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
36  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
37  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
38  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
39  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
40  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/types.h>
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #include <sys/queue.h>
46 #include <sys/resource.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/stat.h>
49 #include <sys/time.h>
50 #include <sys/wait.h>
51 
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <fcntl.h>
55 #include <netdb.h>
56 #include <paths.h>
57 #include <pwd.h>
58 #include <signal.h>
59 #include <stddef.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <limits.h>
65 #include <locale.h>
66 
67 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
68 #include <openssl/evp.h>
69 #include <openssl/err.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 #include "xmalloc.h"
73 #include "ssh.h"
74 #include "ssh2.h"
75 #include "canohost.h"
76 #include "compat.h"
77 #include "cipher.h"
78 #include "digest.h"
79 #include "packet.h"
80 #include "sshbuf.h"
81 #include "channels.h"
82 #include "sshkey.h"
83 #include "authfd.h"
84 #include "authfile.h"
85 #include "pathnames.h"
86 #include "dispatch.h"
87 #include "clientloop.h"
88 #include "log.h"
89 #include "misc.h"
90 #include "readconf.h"
91 #include "sshconnect.h"
92 #include "kex.h"
93 #include "mac.h"
94 #include "sshpty.h"
95 #include "match.h"
96 #include "msg.h"
97 #include "version.h"
98 #include "ssherr.h"
99 #include "myproposal.h"
100 
101 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
102 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
103 #endif
104 
105 extern char *__progname;
106 
107 /* Flag indicating whether debug mode is on.  May be set on the command line. */
108 int debug_flag = 0;
109 
110 /* Flag indicating whether a tty should be requested */
111 int tty_flag = 0;
112 
113 /* don't exec a shell */
114 int no_shell_flag = 0;
115 
116 /*
117  * Flag indicating that nothing should be read from stdin.  This can be set
118  * on the command line.
119  */
120 int stdin_null_flag = 0;
121 
122 /*
123  * Flag indicating that the current process should be backgrounded and
124  * a new slave launched in the foreground for ControlPersist.
125  */
126 int need_controlpersist_detach = 0;
127 
128 /* Copies of flags for ControlPersist foreground slave */
129 int ostdin_null_flag, ono_shell_flag, otty_flag, orequest_tty;
130 
131 /*
132  * Flag indicating that ssh should fork after authentication.  This is useful
133  * so that the passphrase can be entered manually, and then ssh goes to the
134  * background.
135  */
136 int fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
137 
138 /*
139  * General data structure for command line options and options configurable
140  * in configuration files.  See readconf.h.
141  */
142 Options options;
143 
144 /* optional user configfile */
145 char *config = NULL;
146 
147 /*
148  * Name of the host we are connecting to.  This is the name given on the
149  * command line, or the HostName specified for the user-supplied name in a
150  * configuration file.
151  */
152 char *host;
153 
154 /* Various strings used to to percent_expand() arguments */
155 static char thishost[NI_MAXHOST], shorthost[NI_MAXHOST], portstr[NI_MAXSERV];
156 static char uidstr[32], *host_arg, *conn_hash_hex;
157 
158 /* socket address the host resolves to */
159 struct sockaddr_storage hostaddr;
160 
161 /* Private host keys. */
162 Sensitive sensitive_data;
163 
164 /* command to be executed */
165 struct sshbuf *command;
166 
167 /* Should we execute a command or invoke a subsystem? */
168 int subsystem_flag = 0;
169 
170 /* # of replies received for global requests */
171 static int remote_forward_confirms_received = 0;
172 
173 /* mux.c */
174 extern int muxserver_sock;
175 extern u_int muxclient_command;
176 
177 /* Prints a help message to the user.  This function never returns. */
178 
179 static void
180 usage(void)
181 {
182 	fprintf(stderr,
183 "usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface]\n"
184 "           [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port]\n"
185 "           [-E log_file] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11]\n"
186 "           [-i identity_file] [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address]\n"
187 "           [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]\n"
188 "           [-Q query_option] [-R address] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port]\n"
189 "           [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] destination [command]\n"
190 	);
191 	exit(255);
192 }
193 
194 static int ssh_session2(struct ssh *, struct passwd *);
195 static void load_public_identity_files(struct passwd *);
196 static void main_sigchld_handler(int);
197 
198 /* ~/ expand a list of paths. NB. assumes path[n] is heap-allocated. */
199 static void
200 tilde_expand_paths(char **paths, u_int num_paths)
201 {
202 	u_int i;
203 	char *cp;
204 
205 	for (i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
206 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(paths[i], getuid());
207 		free(paths[i]);
208 		paths[i] = cp;
209 	}
210 }
211 
212 /*
213  * Attempt to resolve a host name / port to a set of addresses and
214  * optionally return any CNAMEs encountered along the way.
215  * Returns NULL on failure.
216  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
217  */
218 static struct addrinfo *
219 resolve_host(const char *name, int port, int logerr, char *cname, size_t clen)
220 {
221 	char strport[NI_MAXSERV];
222 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
223 	int gaierr;
224 	LogLevel loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
225 
226 	if (port <= 0)
227 		port = default_ssh_port();
228 
229 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%d", port);
230 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
231 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
232 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
233 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
234 	if (cname != NULL)
235 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
236 	if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
237 		if (logerr || (gaierr != EAI_NONAME && gaierr != EAI_NODATA))
238 			loglevel = SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR;
239 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s: Could not resolve hostname %.100s: %s",
240 		    __progname, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
241 		return NULL;
242 	}
243 	if (cname != NULL && res->ai_canonname != NULL) {
244 		if (strlcpy(cname, res->ai_canonname, clen) >= clen) {
245 			error("%s: host \"%s\" cname \"%s\" too long (max %lu)",
246 			    __func__, name,  res->ai_canonname, (u_long)clen);
247 			if (clen > 0)
248 				*cname = '\0';
249 		}
250 	}
251 	return res;
252 }
253 
254 /* Returns non-zero if name can only be an address and not a hostname */
255 static int
256 is_addr_fast(const char *name)
257 {
258 	return (strchr(name, '%') != NULL || strchr(name, ':') != NULL ||
259 	    strspn(name, "0123456789.") == strlen(name));
260 }
261 
262 /* Returns non-zero if name represents a valid, single address */
263 static int
264 is_addr(const char *name)
265 {
266 	char strport[NI_MAXSERV];
267 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
268 
269 	if (is_addr_fast(name))
270 		return 1;
271 
272 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%u", default_ssh_port());
273 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
274 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
275 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
276 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
277 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST|AI_NUMERICSERV;
278 	if (getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res) != 0)
279 		return 0;
280 	if (res == NULL || res->ai_next != NULL) {
281 		freeaddrinfo(res);
282 		return 0;
283 	}
284 	freeaddrinfo(res);
285 	return 1;
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Attempt to resolve a numeric host address / port to a single address.
290  * Returns a canonical address string.
291  * Returns NULL on failure.
292  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
293  */
294 static struct addrinfo *
295 resolve_addr(const char *name, int port, char *caddr, size_t clen)
296 {
297 	char addr[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
298 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
299 	int gaierr;
300 
301 	if (port <= 0)
302 		port = default_ssh_port();
303 	snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%u", port);
304 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
305 	hints.ai_family = options.address_family == -1 ?
306 	    AF_UNSPEC : options.address_family;
307 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
308 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST|AI_NUMERICSERV;
309 	if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(name, strport, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
310 		debug2("%s: could not resolve name %.100s as address: %s",
311 		    __func__, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
312 		return NULL;
313 	}
314 	if (res == NULL) {
315 		debug("%s: getaddrinfo %.100s returned no addresses",
316 		 __func__, name);
317 		return NULL;
318 	}
319 	if (res->ai_next != NULL) {
320 		debug("%s: getaddrinfo %.100s returned multiple addresses",
321 		    __func__, name);
322 		goto fail;
323 	}
324 	if ((gaierr = getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
325 	    addr, sizeof(addr), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) != 0) {
326 		debug("%s: Could not format address for name %.100s: %s",
327 		    __func__, name, ssh_gai_strerror(gaierr));
328 		goto fail;
329 	}
330 	if (strlcpy(caddr, addr, clen) >= clen) {
331 		error("%s: host \"%s\" addr \"%s\" too long (max %lu)",
332 		    __func__, name,  addr, (u_long)clen);
333 		if (clen > 0)
334 			*caddr = '\0';
335  fail:
336 		freeaddrinfo(res);
337 		return NULL;
338 	}
339 	return res;
340 }
341 
342 /*
343  * Check whether the cname is a permitted replacement for the hostname
344  * and perform the replacement if it is.
345  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
346  */
347 static int
348 check_follow_cname(int direct, char **namep, const char *cname)
349 {
350 	int i;
351 	struct allowed_cname *rule;
352 
353 	if (*cname == '\0' || options.num_permitted_cnames == 0 ||
354 	    strcmp(*namep, cname) == 0)
355 		return 0;
356 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
357 		return 0;
358 	/*
359 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
360 	 * a proxy or jump host unless the user specifically requests so.
361 	 */
362 	if (!direct &&
363 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
364 		return 0;
365 	debug3("%s: check \"%s\" CNAME \"%s\"", __func__, *namep, cname);
366 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_permitted_cnames; i++) {
367 		rule = options.permitted_cnames + i;
368 		if (match_pattern_list(*namep, rule->source_list, 1) != 1 ||
369 		    match_pattern_list(cname, rule->target_list, 1) != 1)
370 			continue;
371 		verbose("Canonicalized DNS aliased hostname "
372 		    "\"%s\" => \"%s\"", *namep, cname);
373 		free(*namep);
374 		*namep = xstrdup(cname);
375 		return 1;
376 	}
377 	return 0;
378 }
379 
380 /*
381  * Attempt to resolve the supplied hostname after applying the user's
382  * canonicalization rules. Returns the address list for the host or NULL
383  * if no name was found after canonicalization.
384  * NB. this function must operate with a options having undefined members.
385  */
386 static struct addrinfo *
387 resolve_canonicalize(char **hostp, int port)
388 {
389 	int i, direct, ndots;
390 	char *cp, *fullhost, newname[NI_MAXHOST];
391 	struct addrinfo *addrs;
392 
393 	/*
394 	 * Attempt to canonicalise addresses, regardless of
395 	 * whether hostname canonicalisation was requested
396 	 */
397 	if ((addrs = resolve_addr(*hostp, port,
398 	    newname, sizeof(newname))) != NULL) {
399 		debug2("%s: hostname %.100s is address", __func__, *hostp);
400 		if (strcasecmp(*hostp, newname) != 0) {
401 			debug2("%s: canonicalised address \"%s\" => \"%s\"",
402 			    __func__, *hostp, newname);
403 			free(*hostp);
404 			*hostp = xstrdup(newname);
405 		}
406 		return addrs;
407 	}
408 
409 	/*
410 	 * If this looks like an address but didn't parse as one, it might
411 	 * be an address with an invalid interface scope. Skip further
412 	 * attempts at canonicalisation.
413 	 */
414 	if (is_addr_fast(*hostp)) {
415 		debug("%s: hostname %.100s is an unrecognised address",
416 		    __func__, *hostp);
417 		return NULL;
418 	}
419 
420 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_NO)
421 		return NULL;
422 
423 	/*
424 	 * Don't attempt to canonicalize names that will be interpreted by
425 	 * a proxy unless the user specifically requests so.
426 	 */
427 	direct = option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
428 	    options.jump_host == NULL;
429 	if (!direct &&
430 	    options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)
431 		return NULL;
432 
433 	/* If domain name is anchored, then resolve it now */
434 	if ((*hostp)[strlen(*hostp) - 1] == '.') {
435 		debug3("%s: name is fully qualified", __func__);
436 		fullhost = xstrdup(*hostp);
437 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(fullhost, port, 0,
438 		    newname, sizeof(newname))) != NULL)
439 			goto found;
440 		free(fullhost);
441 		goto notfound;
442 	}
443 
444 	/* Don't apply canonicalization to sufficiently-qualified hostnames */
445 	ndots = 0;
446 	for (cp = *hostp; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
447 		if (*cp == '.')
448 			ndots++;
449 	}
450 	if (ndots > options.canonicalize_max_dots) {
451 		debug3("%s: not canonicalizing hostname \"%s\" (max dots %d)",
452 		    __func__, *hostp, options.canonicalize_max_dots);
453 		return NULL;
454 	}
455 	/* Attempt each supplied suffix */
456 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_canonical_domains; i++) {
457 		*newname = '\0';
458 		xasprintf(&fullhost, "%s.%s.", *hostp,
459 		    options.canonical_domains[i]);
460 		debug3("%s: attempting \"%s\" => \"%s\"", __func__,
461 		    *hostp, fullhost);
462 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(fullhost, port, 0,
463 		    newname, sizeof(newname))) == NULL) {
464 			free(fullhost);
465 			continue;
466 		}
467  found:
468 		/* Remove trailing '.' */
469 		fullhost[strlen(fullhost) - 1] = '\0';
470 		/* Follow CNAME if requested */
471 		if (!check_follow_cname(direct, &fullhost, newname)) {
472 			debug("Canonicalized hostname \"%s\" => \"%s\"",
473 			    *hostp, fullhost);
474 		}
475 		free(*hostp);
476 		*hostp = fullhost;
477 		return addrs;
478 	}
479  notfound:
480 	if (!options.canonicalize_fallback_local)
481 		fatal("%s: Could not resolve host \"%s\"", __progname, *hostp);
482 	debug2("%s: host %s not found in any suffix", __func__, *hostp);
483 	return NULL;
484 }
485 
486 /*
487  * Check the result of hostkey loading, ignoring some errors and
488  * fatal()ing for others.
489  */
490 static void
491 check_load(int r, const char *path, const char *message)
492 {
493 	switch (r) {
494 	case 0:
495 		break;
496 	case SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR:
497 	case SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL:
498 		fatal("load %s \"%s\": %s", message, path, ssh_err(r));
499 	case SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR:
500 		/* Ignore missing files */
501 		if (errno == ENOENT)
502 			break;
503 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
504 	default:
505 		error("load %s \"%s\": %s", message, path, ssh_err(r));
506 		break;
507 	}
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Read per-user configuration file.  Ignore the system wide config
512  * file if the user specifies a config file on the command line.
513  */
514 static void
515 process_config_files(const char *host_name, struct passwd *pw, int final_pass,
516     int *want_final_pass)
517 {
518 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
519 	int r;
520 
521 	if (config != NULL) {
522 		if (strcasecmp(config, "none") != 0 &&
523 		    !read_config_file(config, pw, host, host_name, &options,
524 		    SSHCONF_USERCONF | (final_pass ? SSHCONF_FINAL : 0),
525 		    want_final_pass))
526 			fatal("Can't open user config file %.100s: "
527 			    "%.100s", config, strerror(errno));
528 	} else {
529 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir,
530 		    _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
531 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf))
532 			(void)read_config_file(buf, pw, host, host_name,
533 			    &options, SSHCONF_CHECKPERM | SSHCONF_USERCONF |
534 			    (final_pass ? SSHCONF_FINAL : 0), want_final_pass);
535 
536 		/* Read systemwide configuration file after user config. */
537 		(void)read_config_file(_PATH_HOST_CONFIG_FILE, pw,
538 		    host, host_name, &options,
539 		    final_pass ? SSHCONF_FINAL : 0, want_final_pass);
540 	}
541 }
542 
543 /* Rewrite the port number in an addrinfo list of addresses */
544 static void
545 set_addrinfo_port(struct addrinfo *addrs, int port)
546 {
547 	struct addrinfo *addr;
548 
549 	for (addr = addrs; addr != NULL; addr = addr->ai_next) {
550 		switch (addr->ai_family) {
551 		case AF_INET:
552 			((struct sockaddr_in *)addr->ai_addr)->
553 			    sin_port = htons(port);
554 			break;
555 		case AF_INET6:
556 			((struct sockaddr_in6 *)addr->ai_addr)->
557 			    sin6_port = htons(port);
558 			break;
559 		}
560 	}
561 }
562 
563 /*
564  * Main program for the ssh client.
565  */
566 int
567 main(int ac, char **av)
568 {
569 	struct ssh *ssh = NULL;
570 	int i, r, opt, exit_status, use_syslog, direct, timeout_ms;
571 	int was_addr, config_test = 0, opt_terminated = 0, want_final_pass = 0;
572 	char *p, *cp, *line, *argv0, buf[PATH_MAX], *logfile;
573 	char cname[NI_MAXHOST];
574 	struct stat st;
575 	struct passwd *pw;
576 	extern int optind, optreset;
577 	extern char *optarg;
578 	struct Forward fwd;
579 	struct addrinfo *addrs = NULL;
580 	struct ssh_digest_ctx *md;
581 	u_char conn_hash[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
582 
583 	ssh_malloc_init();	/* must be called before any mallocs */
584 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
585 	sanitise_stdfd();
586 
587 	/*
588 	 * Discard other fds that are hanging around. These can cause problem
589 	 * with backgrounded ssh processes started by ControlPersist.
590 	 */
591 	closefrom(STDERR_FILENO + 1);
592 
593 	if (getuid() != geteuid())
594 		fatal("ssh setuid not supported.");
595 	if (getgid() != getegid())
596 		fatal("ssh setgid not supported.");
597 
598 	/* Get user data. */
599 	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
600 	if (!pw) {
601 		logit("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid());
602 		exit(255);
603 	}
604 	/* Take a copy of the returned structure. */
605 	pw = pwcopy(pw);
606 
607 	/*
608 	 * Set our umask to something reasonable, as some files are created
609 	 * with the default umask.  This will make them world-readable but
610 	 * writable only by the owner, which is ok for all files for which we
611 	 * don't set the modes explicitly.
612 	 */
613 	umask(022);
614 
615 	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
616 
617 	/*
618 	 * Initialize option structure to indicate that no values have been
619 	 * set.
620 	 */
621 	initialize_options(&options);
622 
623 	/*
624 	 * Prepare main ssh transport/connection structures
625 	 */
626 	if ((ssh = ssh_alloc_session_state()) == NULL)
627 		fatal("Couldn't allocate session state");
628 	channel_init_channels(ssh);
629 
630 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
631 	host = NULL;
632 	use_syslog = 0;
633 	logfile = NULL;
634 	argv0 = av[0];
635 
636  again:
637 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av, "1246ab:c:e:fgi:kl:m:no:p:qstvx"
638 	    "AB:CD:E:F:GI:J:KL:MNO:PQ:R:S:TVw:W:XYy")) != -1) {
639 		switch (opt) {
640 		case '1':
641 			fatal("SSH protocol v.1 is no longer supported");
642 			break;
643 		case '2':
644 			/* Ignored */
645 			break;
646 		case '4':
647 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
648 			break;
649 		case '6':
650 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
651 			break;
652 		case 'n':
653 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
654 			break;
655 		case 'f':
656 			fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
657 			stdin_null_flag = 1;
658 			break;
659 		case 'x':
660 			options.forward_x11 = 0;
661 			break;
662 		case 'X':
663 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
664 			break;
665 		case 'y':
666 			use_syslog = 1;
667 			break;
668 		case 'E':
669 			logfile = optarg;
670 			break;
671 		case 'G':
672 			config_test = 1;
673 			break;
674 		case 'Y':
675 			options.forward_x11 = 1;
676 			options.forward_x11_trusted = 1;
677 			break;
678 		case 'g':
679 			options.fwd_opts.gateway_ports = 1;
680 			break;
681 		case 'O':
682 			if (options.stdio_forward_host != NULL)
683 				fatal("Cannot specify multiplexing "
684 				    "command with -W");
685 			else if (muxclient_command != 0)
686 				fatal("Multiplexing command already specified");
687 			if (strcmp(optarg, "check") == 0)
688 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_ALIVE_CHECK;
689 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "forward") == 0)
690 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_FORWARD;
691 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "exit") == 0)
692 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_TERMINATE;
693 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "stop") == 0)
694 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_STOP;
695 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cancel") == 0)
696 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_CANCEL_FWD;
697 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "proxy") == 0)
698 				muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_PROXY;
699 			else
700 				fatal("Invalid multiplex command.");
701 			break;
702 		case 'P':	/* deprecated */
703 			break;
704 		case 'Q':
705 			cp = NULL;
706 			if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher") == 0)
707 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 0);
708 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "cipher-auth") == 0)
709 				cp = cipher_alg_list('\n', 1);
710 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "mac") == 0)
711 				cp = mac_alg_list('\n');
712 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "kex") == 0)
713 				cp = kex_alg_list('\n');
714 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key") == 0)
715 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(0, 0, 0, '\n');
716 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-cert") == 0)
717 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(1, 0, 0, '\n');
718 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "key-plain") == 0)
719 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(0, 1, 0, '\n');
720 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "sig") == 0)
721 				cp = sshkey_alg_list(0, 1, 1, '\n');
722 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "protocol-version") == 0)
723 				cp = xstrdup("2");
724 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "help") == 0) {
725 				cp = xstrdup(
726 				    "cipher\ncipher-auth\nkex\nkey\n"
727 				    "key-cert\nkey-plain\nmac\n"
728 				    "protocol-version\nsig");
729 			}
730 			if (cp == NULL)
731 				fatal("Unsupported query \"%s\"", optarg);
732 			printf("%s\n", cp);
733 			free(cp);
734 			exit(0);
735 			break;
736 		case 'a':
737 			options.forward_agent = 0;
738 			break;
739 		case 'A':
740 			options.forward_agent = 1;
741 			break;
742 		case 'k':
743 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 0;
744 			break;
745 		case 'K':
746 			options.gss_authentication = 1;
747 			options.gss_deleg_creds = 1;
748 			break;
749 		case 'i':
750 			p = tilde_expand_filename(optarg, getuid());
751 			if (stat(p, &st) < 0)
752 				fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Identity file %s "
753 				    "not accessible: %s.\n", p,
754 				    strerror(errno));
755 			else
756 				add_identity_file(&options, NULL, p, 1);
757 			free(p);
758 			break;
759 		case 'I':
760 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
761 			free(options.pkcs11_provider);
762 			options.pkcs11_provider = xstrdup(optarg);
763 #else
764 			fprintf(stderr, "no support for PKCS#11.\n");
765 #endif
766 			break;
767 		case 'J':
768 			if (options.jump_host != NULL)
769 				fatal("Only a single -J option permitted");
770 			if (options.proxy_command != NULL)
771 				fatal("Cannot specify -J with ProxyCommand");
772 			if (parse_jump(optarg, &options, 1) == -1)
773 				fatal("Invalid -J argument");
774 			options.proxy_command = xstrdup("none");
775 			break;
776 		case 't':
777 			if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES)
778 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_FORCE;
779 			else
780 				options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_YES;
781 			break;
782 		case 'v':
783 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
784 				debug_flag = 1;
785 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
786 			} else {
787 				if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) {
788 					debug_flag++;
789 					options.log_level++;
790 				}
791 			}
792 			break;
793 		case 'V':
794 			fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
795 			    SSH_VERSION,
796 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
797 			    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
798 #else
799 			    "without OpenSSL"
800 #endif
801 			);
802 			if (opt == 'V')
803 				exit(0);
804 			break;
805 		case 'w':
806 			if (options.tun_open == -1)
807 				options.tun_open = SSH_TUNMODE_DEFAULT;
808 			options.tun_local = a2tun(optarg, &options.tun_remote);
809 			if (options.tun_local == SSH_TUNID_ERR) {
810 				fprintf(stderr,
811 				    "Bad tun device '%s'\n", optarg);
812 				exit(255);
813 			}
814 			break;
815 		case 'W':
816 			if (options.stdio_forward_host != NULL)
817 				fatal("stdio forward already specified");
818 			if (muxclient_command != 0)
819 				fatal("Cannot specify stdio forward with -O");
820 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
821 				options.stdio_forward_host = fwd.listen_host;
822 				options.stdio_forward_port = fwd.listen_port;
823 				free(fwd.connect_host);
824 			} else {
825 				fprintf(stderr,
826 				    "Bad stdio forwarding specification '%s'\n",
827 				    optarg);
828 				exit(255);
829 			}
830 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
831 			no_shell_flag = 1;
832 			break;
833 		case 'q':
834 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
835 			break;
836 		case 'e':
837 			if (optarg[0] == '^' && optarg[2] == 0 &&
838 			    (u_char) optarg[1] >= 64 &&
839 			    (u_char) optarg[1] < 128)
840 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[1] & 31;
841 			else if (strlen(optarg) == 1)
842 				options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[0];
843 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "none") == 0)
844 				options.escape_char = SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE;
845 			else {
846 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad escape character '%s'.\n",
847 				    optarg);
848 				exit(255);
849 			}
850 			break;
851 		case 'c':
852 			if (!ciphers_valid(*optarg == '+' ?
853 			    optarg + 1 : optarg)) {
854 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown cipher type '%s'\n",
855 				    optarg);
856 				exit(255);
857 			}
858 			free(options.ciphers);
859 			options.ciphers = xstrdup(optarg);
860 			break;
861 		case 'm':
862 			if (mac_valid(optarg)) {
863 				free(options.macs);
864 				options.macs = xstrdup(optarg);
865 			} else {
866 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown mac type '%s'\n",
867 				    optarg);
868 				exit(255);
869 			}
870 			break;
871 		case 'M':
872 			if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_YES)
873 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_ASK;
874 			else
875 				options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_YES;
876 			break;
877 		case 'p':
878 			if (options.port == -1) {
879 				options.port = a2port(optarg);
880 				if (options.port <= 0) {
881 					fprintf(stderr, "Bad port '%s'\n",
882 					    optarg);
883 					exit(255);
884 				}
885 			}
886 			break;
887 		case 'l':
888 			if (options.user == NULL)
889 				options.user = optarg;
890 			break;
891 
892 		case 'L':
893 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 0))
894 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
895 			else {
896 				fprintf(stderr,
897 				    "Bad local forwarding specification '%s'\n",
898 				    optarg);
899 				exit(255);
900 			}
901 			break;
902 
903 		case 'R':
904 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 0, 1) ||
905 			    parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 1)) {
906 				add_remote_forward(&options, &fwd);
907 			} else {
908 				fprintf(stderr,
909 				    "Bad remote forwarding specification "
910 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
911 				exit(255);
912 			}
913 			break;
914 
915 		case 'D':
916 			if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg, 1, 0)) {
917 				add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
918 			} else {
919 				fprintf(stderr,
920 				    "Bad dynamic forwarding specification "
921 				    "'%s'\n", optarg);
922 				exit(255);
923 			}
924 			break;
925 
926 		case 'C':
927 			options.compression = 1;
928 			break;
929 		case 'N':
930 			no_shell_flag = 1;
931 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
932 			break;
933 		case 'T':
934 			options.request_tty = REQUEST_TTY_NO;
935 			break;
936 		case 'o':
937 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
938 			if (process_config_line(&options, pw,
939 			    host ? host : "", host ? host : "", line,
940 			    "command-line", 0, NULL, SSHCONF_USERCONF) != 0)
941 				exit(255);
942 			free(line);
943 			break;
944 		case 's':
945 			subsystem_flag = 1;
946 			break;
947 		case 'S':
948 			free(options.control_path);
949 			options.control_path = xstrdup(optarg);
950 			break;
951 		case 'b':
952 			options.bind_address = optarg;
953 			break;
954 		case 'B':
955 			options.bind_interface = optarg;
956 			break;
957 		case 'F':
958 			config = optarg;
959 			break;
960 		default:
961 			usage();
962 		}
963 	}
964 
965 	if (optind > 1 && strcmp(av[optind - 1], "--") == 0)
966 		opt_terminated = 1;
967 
968 	ac -= optind;
969 	av += optind;
970 
971 	if (ac > 0 && !host) {
972 		int tport;
973 		char *tuser;
974 		switch (parse_ssh_uri(*av, &tuser, &host, &tport)) {
975 		case -1:
976 			usage();
977 			break;
978 		case 0:
979 			if (options.user == NULL) {
980 				options.user = tuser;
981 				tuser = NULL;
982 			}
983 			free(tuser);
984 			if (options.port == -1 && tport != -1)
985 				options.port = tport;
986 			break;
987 		default:
988 			p = xstrdup(*av);
989 			cp = strrchr(p, '@');
990 			if (cp != NULL) {
991 				if (cp == p)
992 					usage();
993 				if (options.user == NULL) {
994 					options.user = p;
995 					p = NULL;
996 				}
997 				*cp++ = '\0';
998 				host = xstrdup(cp);
999 				free(p);
1000 			} else
1001 				host = p;
1002 			break;
1003 		}
1004 		if (ac > 1 && !opt_terminated) {
1005 			optind = optreset = 1;
1006 			goto again;
1007 		}
1008 		ac--, av++;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	/* Check that we got a host name. */
1012 	if (!host)
1013 		usage();
1014 
1015 	host_arg = xstrdup(host);
1016 
1017 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1018 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1019 	ERR_load_crypto_strings();
1020 #endif
1021 
1022 	/* Initialize the command to execute on remote host. */
1023 	if ((command = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1024 		fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
1025 
1026 	/*
1027 	 * Save the command to execute on the remote host in a buffer. There
1028 	 * is no limit on the length of the command, except by the maximum
1029 	 * packet size.  Also sets the tty flag if there is no command.
1030 	 */
1031 	if (!ac) {
1032 		/* No command specified - execute shell on a tty. */
1033 		if (subsystem_flag) {
1034 			fprintf(stderr,
1035 			    "You must specify a subsystem to invoke.\n");
1036 			usage();
1037 		}
1038 	} else {
1039 		/* A command has been specified.  Store it into the buffer. */
1040 		for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
1041 			if ((r = sshbuf_putf(command, "%s%s",
1042 			    i ? " " : "", av[i])) != 0)
1043 				fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
1044 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
1045 		}
1046 	}
1047 
1048 	/*
1049 	 * Initialize "log" output.  Since we are the client all output
1050 	 * goes to stderr unless otherwise specified by -y or -E.
1051 	 */
1052 	if (use_syslog && logfile != NULL)
1053 		fatal("Can't specify both -y and -E");
1054 	if (logfile != NULL)
1055 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
1056 	log_init(argv0,
1057 	    options.log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_NOT_SET ?
1058 	    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
1059 	    options.log_facility == SYSLOG_FACILITY_NOT_SET ?
1060 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER : options.log_facility,
1061 	    !use_syslog);
1062 
1063 	if (debug_flag)
1064 		logit("%s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
1065 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1066 		    OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION)
1067 #else
1068 		    "without OpenSSL"
1069 #endif
1070 		);
1071 
1072 	/* Parse the configuration files */
1073 	process_config_files(host_arg, pw, 0, &want_final_pass);
1074 	if (want_final_pass)
1075 		debug("configuration requests final Match pass");
1076 
1077 	/* Hostname canonicalisation needs a few options filled. */
1078 	fill_default_options_for_canonicalization(&options);
1079 
1080 	/* If the user has replaced the hostname then take it into use now */
1081 	if (options.hostname != NULL) {
1082 		/* NB. Please keep in sync with readconf.c:match_cfg_line() */
1083 		cp = percent_expand(options.hostname,
1084 		    "h", host, (char *)NULL);
1085 		free(host);
1086 		host = cp;
1087 		free(options.hostname);
1088 		options.hostname = xstrdup(host);
1089 	}
1090 
1091 	/* Don't lowercase addresses, they will be explicitly canonicalised */
1092 	if ((was_addr = is_addr(host)) == 0)
1093 		lowercase(host);
1094 
1095 	/*
1096 	 * Try to canonicalize if requested by configuration or the
1097 	 * hostname is an address.
1098 	 */
1099 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname != SSH_CANONICALISE_NO || was_addr)
1100 		addrs = resolve_canonicalize(&host, options.port);
1101 
1102 	/*
1103 	 * If CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs have been specified but
1104 	 * other canonicalization did not happen (by not being requested
1105 	 * or by failing with fallback) then the hostname may still be changed
1106 	 * as a result of CNAME following.
1107 	 *
1108 	 * Try to resolve the bare hostname name using the system resolver's
1109 	 * usual search rules and then apply the CNAME follow rules.
1110 	 *
1111 	 * Skip the lookup if a ProxyCommand is being used unless the user
1112 	 * has specifically requested canonicalisation for this case via
1113 	 * CanonicalizeHostname=always
1114 	 */
1115 	direct = option_clear_or_none(options.proxy_command) &&
1116 	    options.jump_host == NULL;
1117 	if (addrs == NULL && options.num_permitted_cnames != 0 && (direct ||
1118 	    options.canonicalize_hostname == SSH_CANONICALISE_ALWAYS)) {
1119 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port,
1120 		    direct, cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL) {
1121 			/* Don't fatal proxied host names not in the DNS */
1122 			if (direct)
1123 				cleanup_exit(255); /* logged in resolve_host */
1124 		} else
1125 			check_follow_cname(direct, &host, cname);
1126 	}
1127 
1128 	/*
1129 	 * If canonicalisation is enabled then re-parse the configuration
1130 	 * files as new stanzas may match.
1131 	 */
1132 	if (options.canonicalize_hostname != 0 && !want_final_pass) {
1133 		debug("hostname canonicalisation enabled, "
1134 		    "will re-parse configuration");
1135 		want_final_pass = 1;
1136 	}
1137 
1138 	if (want_final_pass) {
1139 		debug("re-parsing configuration");
1140 		free(options.hostname);
1141 		options.hostname = xstrdup(host);
1142 		process_config_files(host_arg, pw, 1, NULL);
1143 		/*
1144 		 * Address resolution happens early with canonicalisation
1145 		 * enabled and the port number may have changed since, so
1146 		 * reset it in address list
1147 		 */
1148 		if (addrs != NULL && options.port > 0)
1149 			set_addrinfo_port(addrs, options.port);
1150 	}
1151 
1152 	/* Fill configuration defaults. */
1153 	fill_default_options(&options);
1154 
1155 	/*
1156 	 * If ProxyJump option specified, then construct a ProxyCommand now.
1157 	 */
1158 	if (options.jump_host != NULL) {
1159 		char port_s[8];
1160 		const char *sshbin = argv0;
1161 
1162 		/*
1163 		 * Try to use SSH indicated by argv[0], but fall back to
1164 		 * "ssh" if it appears unavailable.
1165 		 */
1166 		if (strchr(argv0, '/') != NULL && access(argv0, X_OK) != 0)
1167 			sshbin = "ssh";
1168 
1169 		/* Consistency check */
1170 		if (options.proxy_command != NULL)
1171 			fatal("inconsistent options: ProxyCommand+ProxyJump");
1172 		/* Never use FD passing for ProxyJump */
1173 		options.proxy_use_fdpass = 0;
1174 		snprintf(port_s, sizeof(port_s), "%d", options.jump_port);
1175 		xasprintf(&options.proxy_command,
1176 		    "%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%.*s -W '[%%h]:%%p' %s",
1177 		    sshbin,
1178 		    /* Optional "-l user" argument if jump_user set */
1179 		    options.jump_user == NULL ? "" : " -l ",
1180 		    options.jump_user == NULL ? "" : options.jump_user,
1181 		    /* Optional "-p port" argument if jump_port set */
1182 		    options.jump_port <= 0 ? "" : " -p ",
1183 		    options.jump_port <= 0 ? "" : port_s,
1184 		    /* Optional additional jump hosts ",..." */
1185 		    options.jump_extra == NULL ? "" : " -J ",
1186 		    options.jump_extra == NULL ? "" : options.jump_extra,
1187 		    /* Optional "-F" argumment if -F specified */
1188 		    config == NULL ? "" : " -F ",
1189 		    config == NULL ? "" : config,
1190 		    /* Optional "-v" arguments if -v set */
1191 		    debug_flag ? " -" : "",
1192 		    debug_flag, "vvv",
1193 		    /* Mandatory hostname */
1194 		    options.jump_host);
1195 		debug("Setting implicit ProxyCommand from ProxyJump: %s",
1196 		    options.proxy_command);
1197 	}
1198 
1199 	if (options.port == 0)
1200 		options.port = default_ssh_port();
1201 	channel_set_af(ssh, options.address_family);
1202 
1203 	/* Tidy and check options */
1204 	if (options.host_key_alias != NULL)
1205 		lowercase(options.host_key_alias);
1206 	if (options.proxy_command != NULL &&
1207 	    strcmp(options.proxy_command, "-") == 0 &&
1208 	    options.proxy_use_fdpass)
1209 		fatal("ProxyCommand=- and ProxyUseFDPass are incompatible");
1210 	if (options.control_persist &&
1211 	    options.update_hostkeys == SSH_UPDATE_HOSTKEYS_ASK) {
1212 		debug("UpdateHostKeys=ask is incompatible with ControlPersist; "
1213 		    "disabling");
1214 		options.update_hostkeys = 0;
1215 	}
1216 	if (options.connection_attempts <= 0)
1217 		fatal("Invalid number of ConnectionAttempts");
1218 
1219 	if (sshbuf_len(command) != 0 && options.remote_command != NULL)
1220 		fatal("Cannot execute command-line and remote command.");
1221 
1222 	/* Cannot fork to background if no command. */
1223 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag && sshbuf_len(command) == 0 &&
1224 	    options.remote_command == NULL && !no_shell_flag)
1225 		fatal("Cannot fork into background without a command "
1226 		    "to execute.");
1227 
1228 	/* reinit */
1229 	log_init(argv0, options.log_level, options.log_facility, !use_syslog);
1230 
1231 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_YES ||
1232 	    options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_FORCE)
1233 		tty_flag = 1;
1234 
1235 	/* Allocate a tty by default if no command specified. */
1236 	if (sshbuf_len(command) == 0 && options.remote_command == NULL)
1237 		tty_flag = options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_NO;
1238 
1239 	/* Force no tty */
1240 	if (options.request_tty == REQUEST_TTY_NO ||
1241 	    (muxclient_command && muxclient_command != SSHMUX_COMMAND_PROXY))
1242 		tty_flag = 0;
1243 	/* Do not allocate a tty if stdin is not a tty. */
1244 	if ((!isatty(fileno(stdin)) || stdin_null_flag) &&
1245 	    options.request_tty != REQUEST_TTY_FORCE) {
1246 		if (tty_flag)
1247 			logit("Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because "
1248 			    "stdin is not a terminal.");
1249 		tty_flag = 0;
1250 	}
1251 
1252 	if (options.user == NULL)
1253 		options.user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
1254 
1255 	/* Set up strings used to percent_expand() arguments */
1256 	if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
1257 		fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
1258 	strlcpy(shorthost, thishost, sizeof(shorthost));
1259 	shorthost[strcspn(thishost, ".")] = '\0';
1260 	snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", options.port);
1261 	snprintf(uidstr, sizeof(uidstr), "%llu",
1262 	    (unsigned long long)pw->pw_uid);
1263 
1264 	if ((md = ssh_digest_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1)) == NULL ||
1265 	    ssh_digest_update(md, thishost, strlen(thishost)) < 0 ||
1266 	    ssh_digest_update(md, host, strlen(host)) < 0 ||
1267 	    ssh_digest_update(md, portstr, strlen(portstr)) < 0 ||
1268 	    ssh_digest_update(md, options.user, strlen(options.user)) < 0 ||
1269 	    ssh_digest_final(md, conn_hash, sizeof(conn_hash)) < 0)
1270 		fatal("%s: mux digest failed", __func__);
1271 	ssh_digest_free(md);
1272 	conn_hash_hex = tohex(conn_hash, ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1));
1273 
1274 	/*
1275 	 * Expand tokens in arguments. NB. LocalCommand is expanded later,
1276 	 * after port-forwarding is set up, so it may pick up any local
1277 	 * tunnel interface name allocated.
1278 	 */
1279 	if (options.remote_command != NULL) {
1280 		debug3("expanding RemoteCommand: %s", options.remote_command);
1281 		cp = options.remote_command;
1282 		options.remote_command = percent_expand(cp,
1283 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1284 		    "L", shorthost,
1285 		    "d", pw->pw_dir,
1286 		    "h", host,
1287 		    "i", uidstr,
1288 		    "l", thishost,
1289 		    "n", host_arg,
1290 		    "p", portstr,
1291 		    "r", options.user,
1292 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1293 		    (char *)NULL);
1294 		debug3("expanded RemoteCommand: %s", options.remote_command);
1295 		free(cp);
1296 		if ((r = sshbuf_put(command, options.remote_command,
1297 		    strlen(options.remote_command))) != 0)
1298 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1299 	}
1300 
1301 	if (options.control_path != NULL) {
1302 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.control_path, getuid());
1303 		free(options.control_path);
1304 		options.control_path = percent_expand(cp,
1305 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1306 		    "L", shorthost,
1307 		    "h", host,
1308 		    "i", uidstr,
1309 		    "l", thishost,
1310 		    "n", host_arg,
1311 		    "p", portstr,
1312 		    "r", options.user,
1313 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1314 		    "i", uidstr,
1315 		    (char *)NULL);
1316 		free(cp);
1317 	}
1318 
1319 	if (config_test) {
1320 		dump_client_config(&options, host);
1321 		exit(0);
1322 	}
1323 
1324 	if (muxclient_command != 0 && options.control_path == NULL)
1325 		fatal("No ControlPath specified for \"-O\" command");
1326 	if (options.control_path != NULL) {
1327 		int sock;
1328 		if ((sock = muxclient(options.control_path)) >= 0) {
1329 			ssh_packet_set_connection(ssh, sock, sock);
1330 			ssh_packet_set_mux(ssh);
1331 			goto skip_connect;
1332 		}
1333 	}
1334 
1335 	/*
1336 	 * If hostname canonicalisation was not enabled, then we may not
1337 	 * have yet resolved the hostname. Do so now.
1338 	 */
1339 	if (addrs == NULL && options.proxy_command == NULL) {
1340 		debug2("resolving \"%s\" port %d", host, options.port);
1341 		if ((addrs = resolve_host(host, options.port, 1,
1342 		    cname, sizeof(cname))) == NULL)
1343 			cleanup_exit(255); /* resolve_host logs the error */
1344 	}
1345 
1346 	timeout_ms = options.connection_timeout * 1000;
1347 
1348 	/* Open a connection to the remote host. */
1349 	if (ssh_connect(ssh, host, addrs, &hostaddr, options.port,
1350 	    options.address_family, options.connection_attempts,
1351 	    &timeout_ms, options.tcp_keep_alive) != 0)
1352 		exit(255);
1353 
1354 	if (addrs != NULL)
1355 		freeaddrinfo(addrs);
1356 
1357 	ssh_packet_set_timeout(ssh, options.server_alive_interval,
1358 	    options.server_alive_count_max);
1359 
1360 	if (timeout_ms > 0)
1361 		debug3("timeout: %d ms remain after connect", timeout_ms);
1362 
1363 	/*
1364 	 * If we successfully made the connection and we have hostbased auth
1365 	 * enabled, load the public keys so we can later use the ssh-keysign
1366 	 * helper to sign challenges.
1367 	 */
1368 	sensitive_data.nkeys = 0;
1369 	sensitive_data.keys = NULL;
1370 	if (options.hostbased_authentication) {
1371 		sensitive_data.nkeys = 10;
1372 		sensitive_data.keys = xcalloc(sensitive_data.nkeys,
1373 		    sizeof(struct sshkey));
1374 
1375 		/* XXX check errors? */
1376 #define L_PUBKEY(p,o) do { \
1377 	if ((o) >= sensitive_data.nkeys) \
1378 		fatal("%s pubkey out of array bounds", __func__); \
1379 	check_load(sshkey_load_public(p, &(sensitive_data.keys[o]), NULL), \
1380 	    p, "pubkey"); \
1381 } while (0)
1382 #define L_CERT(p,o) do { \
1383 	if ((o) >= sensitive_data.nkeys) \
1384 		fatal("%s cert out of array bounds", __func__); \
1385 	check_load(sshkey_load_cert(p, &(sensitive_data.keys[o])), p, "cert"); \
1386 } while (0)
1387 
1388 		if (options.hostbased_authentication == 1) {
1389 			L_CERT(_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, 0);
1390 			L_CERT(_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, 1);
1391 			L_CERT(_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, 2);
1392 			L_CERT(_PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, 3);
1393 			L_PUBKEY(_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, 4);
1394 			L_PUBKEY(_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, 5);
1395 			L_PUBKEY(_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, 6);
1396 			L_PUBKEY(_PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, 7);
1397 			L_CERT(_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, 8);
1398 			L_PUBKEY(_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, 9);
1399 		}
1400 	}
1401 
1402 	/* Create ~/.ssh * directory if it doesn't already exist. */
1403 	if (config == NULL) {
1404 		r = snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s%s%s", pw->pw_dir,
1405 		    strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? "/" : "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
1406 		if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < sizeof(buf) && stat(buf, &st) < 0)
1407 			if (mkdir(buf, 0700) < 0)
1408 				error("Could not create directory '%.200s'.",
1409 				    buf);
1410 	}
1411 
1412 	/* load options.identity_files */
1413 	load_public_identity_files(pw);
1414 
1415 	/* optionally set the SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME variable */
1416 	if (options.identity_agent &&
1417 	    strcmp(options.identity_agent, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME) != 0) {
1418 		if (strcmp(options.identity_agent, "none") == 0) {
1419 			unsetenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME);
1420 		} else {
1421 			p = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_agent,
1422 			    getuid());
1423 			cp = percent_expand(p,
1424 			    "d", pw->pw_dir,
1425 			    "h", host,
1426 			    "i", uidstr,
1427 			    "l", thishost,
1428 			    "r", options.user,
1429 			    "u", pw->pw_name,
1430 			    (char *)NULL);
1431 			free(p);
1432 			/*
1433 			 * If identity_agent represents an environment variable
1434 			 * then recheck that it is valid (since processing with
1435 			 * percent_expand() may have changed it) and substitute
1436 			 * its value.
1437 			 */
1438 			if (cp[0] == '$') {
1439 				if (!valid_env_name(cp + 1)) {
1440 					fatal("Invalid IdentityAgent "
1441 					    "environment variable name %s", cp);
1442 				}
1443 				if ((p = getenv(cp + 1)) == NULL)
1444 					unsetenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME);
1445 				else
1446 					setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME, p, 1);
1447 			} else {
1448 				/* identity_agent specifies a path directly */
1449 				setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME, cp, 1);
1450 			}
1451 			free(cp);
1452 		}
1453 	}
1454 
1455 	/* Expand ~ in known host file names. */
1456 	tilde_expand_paths(options.system_hostfiles,
1457 	    options.num_system_hostfiles);
1458 	tilde_expand_paths(options.user_hostfiles, options.num_user_hostfiles);
1459 
1460 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* ignore SIGPIPE early */
1461 	signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1462 
1463 	/* Log into the remote system.  Never returns if the login fails. */
1464 	ssh_login(ssh, &sensitive_data, host, (struct sockaddr *)&hostaddr,
1465 	    options.port, pw, timeout_ms);
1466 
1467 	if (ssh_packet_connection_is_on_socket(ssh)) {
1468 		verbose("Authenticated to %s ([%s]:%d).", host,
1469 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
1470 	} else {
1471 		verbose("Authenticated to %s (via proxy).", host);
1472 	}
1473 
1474 	/* We no longer need the private host keys.  Clear them now. */
1475 	if (sensitive_data.nkeys != 0) {
1476 		for (i = 0; i < sensitive_data.nkeys; i++) {
1477 			if (sensitive_data.keys[i] != NULL) {
1478 				/* Destroys contents safely */
1479 				debug3("clear hostkey %d", i);
1480 				sshkey_free(sensitive_data.keys[i]);
1481 				sensitive_data.keys[i] = NULL;
1482 			}
1483 		}
1484 		free(sensitive_data.keys);
1485 	}
1486 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1487 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
1488 		options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
1489 		if (options.identity_keys[i]) {
1490 			sshkey_free(options.identity_keys[i]);
1491 			options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1492 		}
1493 	}
1494 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1495 		free(options.certificate_files[i]);
1496 		options.certificate_files[i] = NULL;
1497 	}
1498 
1499  skip_connect:
1500 	exit_status = ssh_session2(ssh, pw);
1501 	ssh_packet_close(ssh);
1502 
1503 	if (options.control_path != NULL && muxserver_sock != -1)
1504 		unlink(options.control_path);
1505 
1506 	/* Kill ProxyCommand if it is running. */
1507 	ssh_kill_proxy_command();
1508 
1509 	return exit_status;
1510 }
1511 
1512 static void
1513 control_persist_detach(void)
1514 {
1515 	pid_t pid;
1516 	int devnull, keep_stderr;
1517 
1518 	debug("%s: backgrounding master process", __func__);
1519 
1520 	/*
1521 	 * master (current process) into the background, and make the
1522 	 * foreground process a client of the backgrounded master.
1523 	 */
1524 	switch ((pid = fork())) {
1525 	case -1:
1526 		fatal("%s: fork: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1527 	case 0:
1528 		/* Child: master process continues mainloop */
1529 		break;
1530 	default:
1531 		/* Parent: set up mux slave to connect to backgrounded master */
1532 		debug2("%s: background process is %ld", __func__, (long)pid);
1533 		stdin_null_flag = ostdin_null_flag;
1534 		options.request_tty = orequest_tty;
1535 		tty_flag = otty_flag;
1536 		close(muxserver_sock);
1537 		muxserver_sock = -1;
1538 		options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_NO;
1539 		muxclient(options.control_path);
1540 		/* muxclient() doesn't return on success. */
1541 		fatal("Failed to connect to new control master");
1542 	}
1543 	if ((devnull = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
1544 		error("%s: open(\"/dev/null\"): %s", __func__,
1545 		    strerror(errno));
1546 	} else {
1547 		keep_stderr = log_is_on_stderr() && debug_flag;
1548 		if (dup2(devnull, STDIN_FILENO) == -1 ||
1549 		    dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO) == -1 ||
1550 		    (!keep_stderr && dup2(devnull, STDERR_FILENO) == -1))
1551 			error("%s: dup2: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1552 		if (devnull > STDERR_FILENO)
1553 			close(devnull);
1554 	}
1555 	daemon(1, 1);
1556 	setproctitle("%s [mux]", options.control_path);
1557 }
1558 
1559 /* Do fork() after authentication. Used by "ssh -f" */
1560 static void
1561 fork_postauth(void)
1562 {
1563 	if (need_controlpersist_detach)
1564 		control_persist_detach();
1565 	debug("forking to background");
1566 	fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
1567 	if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1568 		fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1569 }
1570 
1571 /* Callback for remote forward global requests */
1572 static void
1573 ssh_confirm_remote_forward(struct ssh *ssh, int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
1574 {
1575 	struct Forward *rfwd = (struct Forward *)ctxt;
1576 	u_int port;
1577 	int r;
1578 
1579 	/* XXX verbose() on failure? */
1580 	debug("remote forward %s for: listen %s%s%d, connect %s:%d",
1581 	    type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS ? "success" : "failure",
1582 	    rfwd->listen_path ? rfwd->listen_path :
1583 	    rfwd->listen_host ? rfwd->listen_host : "",
1584 	    (rfwd->listen_path || rfwd->listen_host) ? ":" : "",
1585 	    rfwd->listen_port, rfwd->connect_path ? rfwd->connect_path :
1586 	    rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1587 	if (rfwd->listen_path == NULL && rfwd->listen_port == 0) {
1588 		if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS) {
1589 			if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, &port)) != 0)
1590 				fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1591 			if (port > 65535) {
1592 				error("Invalid allocated port %u for remote "
1593 				    "forward to %s:%d", port,
1594 				    rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
1595 				/* Ensure failure processing runs below */
1596 				type = SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE;
1597 				channel_update_permission(ssh,
1598 				    rfwd->handle, -1);
1599 			} else {
1600 				rfwd->allocated_port = (int)port;
1601 				logit("Allocated port %u for remote "
1602 				    "forward to %s:%d",
1603 				    rfwd->allocated_port, rfwd->connect_host,
1604 				    rfwd->connect_port);
1605 				channel_update_permission(ssh,
1606 				    rfwd->handle, rfwd->allocated_port);
1607 			}
1608 		} else {
1609 			channel_update_permission(ssh, rfwd->handle, -1);
1610 		}
1611 	}
1612 
1613 	if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE) {
1614 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure) {
1615 			if (rfwd->listen_path != NULL)
1616 				fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed "
1617 				    "for listen path %s", rfwd->listen_path);
1618 			else
1619 				fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed "
1620 				    "for listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1621 		} else {
1622 			if (rfwd->listen_path != NULL)
1623 				logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed "
1624 				    "for listen path %s", rfwd->listen_path);
1625 			else
1626 				logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed "
1627 				    "for listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
1628 		}
1629 	}
1630 	if (++remote_forward_confirms_received == options.num_remote_forwards) {
1631 		debug("All remote forwarding requests processed");
1632 		if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1633 			fork_postauth();
1634 	}
1635 }
1636 
1637 static void
1638 client_cleanup_stdio_fwd(struct ssh *ssh, int id, void *arg)
1639 {
1640 	debug("stdio forwarding: done");
1641 	cleanup_exit(0);
1642 }
1643 
1644 static void
1645 ssh_stdio_confirm(struct ssh *ssh, int id, int success, void *arg)
1646 {
1647 	if (!success)
1648 		fatal("stdio forwarding failed");
1649 }
1650 
1651 static void
1652 ssh_init_stdio_forwarding(struct ssh *ssh)
1653 {
1654 	Channel *c;
1655 	int in, out;
1656 
1657 	if (options.stdio_forward_host == NULL)
1658 		return;
1659 
1660 	debug3("%s: %s:%d", __func__, options.stdio_forward_host,
1661 	    options.stdio_forward_port);
1662 
1663 	if ((in = dup(STDIN_FILENO)) < 0 ||
1664 	    (out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO)) < 0)
1665 		fatal("channel_connect_stdio_fwd: dup() in/out failed");
1666 	if ((c = channel_connect_stdio_fwd(ssh, options.stdio_forward_host,
1667 	    options.stdio_forward_port, in, out)) == NULL)
1668 		fatal("%s: channel_connect_stdio_fwd failed", __func__);
1669 	channel_register_cleanup(ssh, c->self, client_cleanup_stdio_fwd, 0);
1670 	channel_register_open_confirm(ssh, c->self, ssh_stdio_confirm, NULL);
1671 }
1672 
1673 static void
1674 ssh_init_forwarding(struct ssh *ssh, char **ifname)
1675 {
1676 	int success = 0;
1677 	int i;
1678 
1679 	/* Initiate local TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1680 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_local_forwards; i++) {
1681 		debug("Local connections to %.200s:%d forwarded to remote "
1682 		    "address %.200s:%d",
1683 		    (options.local_forwards[i].listen_path != NULL) ?
1684 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_path :
1685 		    (options.local_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1686 		    (options.fwd_opts.gateway_ports ? "*" : "LOCALHOST") :
1687 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
1688 		    options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
1689 		    (options.local_forwards[i].connect_path != NULL) ?
1690 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_path :
1691 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
1692 		    options.local_forwards[i].connect_port);
1693 		success += channel_setup_local_fwd_listener(ssh,
1694 		    &options.local_forwards[i], &options.fwd_opts);
1695 	}
1696 	if (i > 0 && success != i && options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1697 		fatal("Could not request local forwarding.");
1698 	if (i > 0 && success == 0)
1699 		error("Could not request local forwarding.");
1700 
1701 	/* Initiate remote TCP/IP port forwardings. */
1702 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_remote_forwards; i++) {
1703 		debug("Remote connections from %.200s:%d forwarded to "
1704 		    "local address %.200s:%d",
1705 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_path != NULL) ?
1706 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_path :
1707 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
1708 		    "LOCALHOST" : options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
1709 		    options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
1710 		    (options.remote_forwards[i].connect_path != NULL) ?
1711 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_path :
1712 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
1713 		    options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port);
1714 		options.remote_forwards[i].handle =
1715 		    channel_request_remote_forwarding(ssh,
1716 		    &options.remote_forwards[i]);
1717 		if (options.remote_forwards[i].handle < 0) {
1718 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1719 				fatal("Could not request remote forwarding.");
1720 			else
1721 				logit("Warning: Could not request remote "
1722 				    "forwarding.");
1723 		} else {
1724 			client_register_global_confirm(
1725 			    ssh_confirm_remote_forward,
1726 			    &options.remote_forwards[i]);
1727 		}
1728 	}
1729 
1730 	/* Initiate tunnel forwarding. */
1731 	if (options.tun_open != SSH_TUNMODE_NO) {
1732 		if ((*ifname = client_request_tun_fwd(ssh,
1733 		    options.tun_open, options.tun_local,
1734 		    options.tun_remote)) == NULL) {
1735 			if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
1736 				fatal("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1737 			else
1738 				error("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
1739 		}
1740 	}
1741 }
1742 
1743 static void
1744 check_agent_present(void)
1745 {
1746 	int r;
1747 
1748 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1749 		/* Clear agent forwarding if we don't have an agent. */
1750 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(NULL)) != 0) {
1751 			options.forward_agent = 0;
1752 			if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT)
1753 				debug("ssh_get_authentication_socket: %s",
1754 				    ssh_err(r));
1755 		}
1756 	}
1757 }
1758 
1759 static void
1760 ssh_session2_setup(struct ssh *ssh, int id, int success, void *arg)
1761 {
1762 	extern char **environ;
1763 	const char *display;
1764 	int r, interactive = tty_flag;
1765 	char *proto = NULL, *data = NULL;
1766 
1767 	if (!success)
1768 		return; /* No need for error message, channels code sens one */
1769 
1770 	display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1771 	if (display == NULL && options.forward_x11)
1772 		debug("X11 forwarding requested but DISPLAY not set");
1773 	if (options.forward_x11 && client_x11_get_proto(ssh, display,
1774 	    options.xauth_location, options.forward_x11_trusted,
1775 	    options.forward_x11_timeout, &proto, &data) == 0) {
1776 		/* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1777 		debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1778 		    "spoofing.");
1779 		x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(ssh, id, display, proto,
1780 		    data, 1);
1781 		client_expect_confirm(ssh, id, "X11 forwarding", CONFIRM_WARN);
1782 		/* XXX exit_on_forward_failure */
1783 		interactive = 1;
1784 	}
1785 
1786 	check_agent_present();
1787 	if (options.forward_agent) {
1788 		debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1789 		channel_request_start(ssh, id, "auth-agent-req@openssh.com", 0);
1790 		if ((r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1791 			fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1792 	}
1793 
1794 	/* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
1795 	ssh_packet_set_interactive(ssh, interactive,
1796 	    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1797 
1798 	client_session2_setup(ssh, id, tty_flag, subsystem_flag, getenv("TERM"),
1799 	    NULL, fileno(stdin), command, environ);
1800 }
1801 
1802 /* open new channel for a session */
1803 static int
1804 ssh_session2_open(struct ssh *ssh)
1805 {
1806 	Channel *c;
1807 	int window, packetmax, in, out, err;
1808 
1809 	if (stdin_null_flag) {
1810 		in = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
1811 	} else {
1812 		in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1813 	}
1814 	out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1815 	err = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
1816 
1817 	if (in < 0 || out < 0 || err < 0)
1818 		fatal("dup() in/out/err failed");
1819 
1820 	/* enable nonblocking unless tty */
1821 	if (!isatty(in))
1822 		set_nonblock(in);
1823 	if (!isatty(out))
1824 		set_nonblock(out);
1825 	if (!isatty(err))
1826 		set_nonblock(err);
1827 
1828 	window = CHAN_SES_WINDOW_DEFAULT;
1829 	packetmax = CHAN_SES_PACKET_DEFAULT;
1830 	if (tty_flag) {
1831 		window >>= 1;
1832 		packetmax >>= 1;
1833 	}
1834 	c = channel_new(ssh,
1835 	    "session", SSH_CHANNEL_OPENING, in, out, err,
1836 	    window, packetmax, CHAN_EXTENDED_WRITE,
1837 	    "client-session", /*nonblock*/0);
1838 
1839 	debug3("%s: channel_new: %d", __func__, c->self);
1840 
1841 	channel_send_open(ssh, c->self);
1842 	if (!no_shell_flag)
1843 		channel_register_open_confirm(ssh, c->self,
1844 		    ssh_session2_setup, NULL);
1845 
1846 	return c->self;
1847 }
1848 
1849 static int
1850 ssh_session2(struct ssh *ssh, struct passwd *pw)
1851 {
1852 	int r, devnull, id = -1;
1853 	char *cp, *tun_fwd_ifname = NULL;
1854 
1855 	/* XXX should be pre-session */
1856 	if (!options.control_persist)
1857 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding(ssh);
1858 
1859 	ssh_init_forwarding(ssh, &tun_fwd_ifname);
1860 
1861 	if (options.local_command != NULL) {
1862 		debug3("expanding LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
1863 		cp = options.local_command;
1864 		options.local_command = percent_expand(cp,
1865 		    "C", conn_hash_hex,
1866 		    "L", shorthost,
1867 		    "d", pw->pw_dir,
1868 		    "h", host,
1869 		    "i", uidstr,
1870 		    "l", thishost,
1871 		    "n", host_arg,
1872 		    "p", portstr,
1873 		    "r", options.user,
1874 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
1875 		    "T", tun_fwd_ifname == NULL ? "NONE" : tun_fwd_ifname,
1876 		    (char *)NULL);
1877 		debug3("expanded LocalCommand: %s", options.local_command);
1878 		free(cp);
1879 	}
1880 
1881 	/* Start listening for multiplex clients */
1882 	if (!ssh_packet_get_mux(ssh))
1883 		muxserver_listen(ssh);
1884 
1885 	/*
1886 	 * If we are in control persist mode and have a working mux listen
1887 	 * socket, then prepare to background ourselves and have a foreground
1888 	 * client attach as a control slave.
1889 	 * NB. we must save copies of the flags that we override for
1890 	 * the backgrounding, since we defer attachment of the slave until
1891 	 * after the connection is fully established (in particular,
1892 	 * async rfwd replies have been received for ExitOnForwardFailure).
1893 	 */
1894 	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock != -1) {
1895 		ostdin_null_flag = stdin_null_flag;
1896 		ono_shell_flag = no_shell_flag;
1897 		orequest_tty = options.request_tty;
1898 		otty_flag = tty_flag;
1899 		stdin_null_flag = 1;
1900 		no_shell_flag = 1;
1901 		tty_flag = 0;
1902 		if (!fork_after_authentication_flag)
1903 			need_controlpersist_detach = 1;
1904 		fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
1905 	}
1906 	/*
1907 	 * ControlPersist mux listen socket setup failed, attempt the
1908 	 * stdio forward setup that we skipped earlier.
1909 	 */
1910 	if (options.control_persist && muxserver_sock == -1)
1911 		ssh_init_stdio_forwarding(ssh);
1912 
1913 	if (!no_shell_flag)
1914 		id = ssh_session2_open(ssh);
1915 	else {
1916 		ssh_packet_set_interactive(ssh,
1917 		    options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO,
1918 		    options.ip_qos_interactive, options.ip_qos_bulk);
1919 	}
1920 
1921 	/* If we don't expect to open a new session, then disallow it */
1922 	if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO &&
1923 	    (datafellows & SSH_NEW_OPENSSH)) {
1924 		debug("Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1925 		if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1926 		    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh,
1927 		    "no-more-sessions@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
1928 		    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0 ||
1929 		    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1930 			fatal("%s: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1931 	}
1932 
1933 	/* Execute a local command */
1934 	if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1935 	    options.permit_local_command)
1936 		ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1937 
1938 	/*
1939 	 * stdout is now owned by the session channel; clobber it here
1940 	 * so future channel closes are propagated to the local fd.
1941 	 * NB. this can only happen after LocalCommand has completed,
1942 	 * as it may want to write to stdout.
1943 	 */
1944 	if (!need_controlpersist_detach) {
1945 		if ((devnull = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY)) == -1)
1946 			error("%s: open %s: %s", __func__,
1947 			    _PATH_DEVNULL, strerror(errno));
1948 		if (dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
1949 			fatal("%s: dup2() stdout failed", __func__);
1950 		if (devnull > STDERR_FILENO)
1951 			close(devnull);
1952 	}
1953 
1954 	/*
1955 	 * If requested and we are not interested in replies to remote
1956 	 * forwarding requests, then let ssh continue in the background.
1957 	 */
1958 	if (fork_after_authentication_flag) {
1959 		if (options.exit_on_forward_failure &&
1960 		    options.num_remote_forwards > 0) {
1961 			debug("deferring postauth fork until remote forward "
1962 			    "confirmation received");
1963 		} else
1964 			fork_postauth();
1965 	}
1966 
1967 	return client_loop(ssh, tty_flag, tty_flag ?
1968 	    options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, id);
1969 }
1970 
1971 /* Loads all IdentityFile and CertificateFile keys */
1972 static void
1973 load_public_identity_files(struct passwd *pw)
1974 {
1975 	char *filename, *cp;
1976 	struct sshkey *public;
1977 	int i;
1978 	u_int n_ids, n_certs;
1979 	char *identity_files[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1980 	struct sshkey *identity_keys[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1981 	int identity_file_userprovided[SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES];
1982 	char *certificate_files[SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES];
1983 	struct sshkey *certificates[SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES];
1984 	int certificate_file_userprovided[SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES];
1985 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1986 	struct sshkey **keys;
1987 	int nkeys;
1988 #endif /* PKCS11 */
1989 
1990 	n_ids = n_certs = 0;
1991 	memset(identity_files, 0, sizeof(identity_files));
1992 	memset(identity_keys, 0, sizeof(identity_keys));
1993 	memset(identity_file_userprovided, 0,
1994 	    sizeof(identity_file_userprovided));
1995 	memset(certificate_files, 0, sizeof(certificate_files));
1996 	memset(certificates, 0, sizeof(certificates));
1997 	memset(certificate_file_userprovided, 0,
1998 	    sizeof(certificate_file_userprovided));
1999 
2000 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
2001 	if (options.pkcs11_provider != NULL &&
2002 	    options.num_identity_files < SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES &&
2003 	    (pkcs11_init(!options.batch_mode) == 0) &&
2004 	    (nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(options.pkcs11_provider, NULL,
2005 	    &keys)) > 0) {
2006 		for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
2007 			if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES) {
2008 				sshkey_free(keys[i]);
2009 				continue;
2010 			}
2011 			identity_keys[n_ids] = keys[i];
2012 			identity_files[n_ids] =
2013 			    xstrdup(options.pkcs11_provider); /* XXX */
2014 			n_ids++;
2015 		}
2016 		free(keys);
2017 	}
2018 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
2019 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
2020 		if (n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES ||
2021 		    strcasecmp(options.identity_files[i], "none") == 0) {
2022 			free(options.identity_files[i]);
2023 			options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
2024 			continue;
2025 		}
2026 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_files[i], getuid());
2027 		filename = percent_expand(cp, "d", pw->pw_dir,
2028 		    "u", pw->pw_name, "l", thishost, "h", host,
2029 		    "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
2030 		free(cp);
2031 		check_load(sshkey_load_public(filename, &public, NULL),
2032 		    filename, "pubkey");
2033 		debug("identity file %s type %d", filename,
2034 		    public ? public->type : -1);
2035 		free(options.identity_files[i]);
2036 		identity_files[n_ids] = filename;
2037 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
2038 		identity_file_userprovided[n_ids] =
2039 		    options.identity_file_userprovided[i];
2040 		if (++n_ids >= SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
2041 			continue;
2042 
2043 		/*
2044 		 * If no certificates have been explicitly listed then try
2045 		 * to add the default certificate variant too.
2046 		 */
2047 		if (options.num_certificate_files != 0)
2048 			continue;
2049 		xasprintf(&cp, "%s-cert", filename);
2050 		check_load(sshkey_load_public(cp, &public, NULL),
2051 		    filename, "pubkey");
2052 		debug("identity file %s type %d", cp,
2053 		    public ? public->type : -1);
2054 		if (public == NULL) {
2055 			free(cp);
2056 			continue;
2057 		}
2058 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(public)) {
2059 			debug("%s: key %s type %s is not a certificate",
2060 			    __func__, cp, sshkey_type(public));
2061 			sshkey_free(public);
2062 			free(cp);
2063 			continue;
2064 		}
2065 		/* NB. leave filename pointing to private key */
2066 		identity_files[n_ids] = xstrdup(filename);
2067 		identity_keys[n_ids] = public;
2068 		identity_file_userprovided[n_ids] =
2069 		    options.identity_file_userprovided[i];
2070 		n_ids++;
2071 	}
2072 
2073 	if (options.num_certificate_files > SSH_MAX_CERTIFICATE_FILES)
2074 		fatal("%s: too many certificates", __func__);
2075 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
2076 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.certificate_files[i],
2077 		    getuid());
2078 		filename = percent_expand(cp,
2079 		    "d", pw->pw_dir,
2080 		    "h", host,
2081 		    "i", uidstr,
2082 		    "l", thishost,
2083 		    "r", options.user,
2084 		    "u", pw->pw_name,
2085 		    (char *)NULL);
2086 		free(cp);
2087 
2088 		check_load(sshkey_load_public(filename, &public, NULL),
2089 		    filename, "certificate");
2090 		debug("certificate file %s type %d", filename,
2091 		    public ? public->type : -1);
2092 		free(options.certificate_files[i]);
2093 		options.certificate_files[i] = NULL;
2094 		if (public == NULL) {
2095 			free(filename);
2096 			continue;
2097 		}
2098 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(public)) {
2099 			debug("%s: key %s type %s is not a certificate",
2100 			    __func__, filename, sshkey_type(public));
2101 			sshkey_free(public);
2102 			free(filename);
2103 			continue;
2104 		}
2105 		certificate_files[n_certs] = filename;
2106 		certificates[n_certs] = public;
2107 		certificate_file_userprovided[n_certs] =
2108 		    options.certificate_file_userprovided[i];
2109 		++n_certs;
2110 	}
2111 
2112 	options.num_identity_files = n_ids;
2113 	memcpy(options.identity_files, identity_files, sizeof(identity_files));
2114 	memcpy(options.identity_keys, identity_keys, sizeof(identity_keys));
2115 	memcpy(options.identity_file_userprovided,
2116 	    identity_file_userprovided, sizeof(identity_file_userprovided));
2117 
2118 	options.num_certificate_files = n_certs;
2119 	memcpy(options.certificate_files,
2120 	    certificate_files, sizeof(certificate_files));
2121 	memcpy(options.certificates, certificates, sizeof(certificates));
2122 	memcpy(options.certificate_file_userprovided,
2123 	    certificate_file_userprovided,
2124 	    sizeof(certificate_file_userprovided));
2125 }
2126 
2127 static void
2128 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
2129 {
2130 	int save_errno = errno;
2131 	pid_t pid;
2132 	int status;
2133 
2134 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
2135 	    (pid < 0 && errno == EINTR))
2136 		;
2137 	errno = save_errno;
2138 }
2139