xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh-add.c (revision 48950c12d106c85f315112191a0228d7b83b9510)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-add.c,v 1.105 2012/12/05 15:42:52 markus Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Adds an identity to the authentication server, or removes an identity.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  *
14  * SSH2 implementation,
15  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
16  *
17  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
19  * are met:
20  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
28  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
29  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
30  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
31  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
32  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
33  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
34  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
35  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 
42 #include <openssl/evp.h>
43 
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <pwd.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 
51 #include "xmalloc.h"
52 #include "ssh.h"
53 #include "rsa.h"
54 #include "log.h"
55 #include "key.h"
56 #include "buffer.h"
57 #include "authfd.h"
58 #include "authfile.h"
59 #include "pathnames.h"
60 #include "misc.h"
61 
62 /* argv0 */
63 extern char *__progname;
64 
65 /* Default files to add */
66 static char *default_files[] = {
67 	_PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA,
68 	_PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA,
69 	_PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA,
70 	_PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY,
71 	NULL
72 };
73 
74 /* Default lifetime (0 == forever) */
75 static int lifetime = 0;
76 
77 /* User has to confirm key use */
78 static int confirm = 0;
79 
80 /* we keep a cache of one passphrases */
81 static char *pass = NULL;
82 static void
83 clear_pass(void)
84 {
85 	if (pass) {
86 		memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass));
87 		xfree(pass);
88 		pass = NULL;
89 	}
90 }
91 
92 static int
93 delete_file(AuthenticationConnection *ac, const char *filename, int key_only)
94 {
95 	Key *public = NULL, *cert = NULL;
96 	char *certpath = NULL, *comment = NULL;
97 	int ret = -1;
98 
99 	public = key_load_public(filename, &comment);
100 	if (public == NULL) {
101 		printf("Bad key file %s\n", filename);
102 		return -1;
103 	}
104 	if (ssh_remove_identity(ac, public)) {
105 		fprintf(stderr, "Identity removed: %s (%s)\n", filename, comment);
106 		ret = 0;
107 	} else
108 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not remove identity: %s\n", filename);
109 
110 	if (key_only)
111 		goto out;
112 
113 	/* Now try to delete the corresponding certificate too */
114 	free(comment);
115 	comment = NULL;
116 	xasprintf(&certpath, "%s-cert.pub", filename);
117 	if ((cert = key_load_public(certpath, &comment)) == NULL)
118 		goto out;
119 	if (!key_equal_public(cert, public))
120 		fatal("Certificate %s does not match private key %s",
121 		    certpath, filename);
122 
123 	if (ssh_remove_identity(ac, cert)) {
124 		fprintf(stderr, "Identity removed: %s (%s)\n", certpath,
125 		    comment);
126 		ret = 0;
127 	} else
128 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not remove identity: %s\n", certpath);
129 
130  out:
131 	if (cert != NULL)
132 		key_free(cert);
133 	if (public != NULL)
134 		key_free(public);
135 	free(certpath);
136 	free(comment);
137 
138 	return ret;
139 }
140 
141 /* Send a request to remove all identities. */
142 static int
143 delete_all(AuthenticationConnection *ac)
144 {
145 	int ret = -1;
146 
147 	if (ssh_remove_all_identities(ac, 1))
148 		ret = 0;
149 	/* ignore error-code for ssh2 */
150 	ssh_remove_all_identities(ac, 2);
151 
152 	if (ret == 0)
153 		fprintf(stderr, "All identities removed.\n");
154 	else
155 		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to remove all identities.\n");
156 
157 	return ret;
158 }
159 
160 static int
161 add_file(AuthenticationConnection *ac, const char *filename, int key_only)
162 {
163 	Key *private, *cert;
164 	char *comment = NULL;
165 	char msg[1024], *certpath = NULL;
166 	int fd, perms_ok, ret = -1;
167 	Buffer keyblob;
168 
169 	if (strcmp(filename, "-") == 0) {
170 		fd = STDIN_FILENO;
171 		filename = "(stdin)";
172 	} else if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
173 		perror(filename);
174 		return -1;
175 	}
176 
177 	/*
178 	 * Since we'll try to load a keyfile multiple times, permission errors
179 	 * will occur multiple times, so check perms first and bail if wrong.
180 	 */
181 	if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
182 		perms_ok = key_perm_ok(fd, filename);
183 		if (!perms_ok) {
184 			close(fd);
185 			return -1;
186 		}
187 	}
188 	buffer_init(&keyblob);
189 	if (!key_load_file(fd, filename, &keyblob)) {
190 		buffer_free(&keyblob);
191 		close(fd);
192 		return -1;
193 	}
194 	close(fd);
195 
196 	/* At first, try empty passphrase */
197 	private = key_parse_private(&keyblob, filename, "", &comment);
198 	if (comment == NULL)
199 		comment = xstrdup(filename);
200 	/* try last */
201 	if (private == NULL && pass != NULL)
202 		private = key_parse_private(&keyblob, filename, pass, NULL);
203 	if (private == NULL) {
204 		/* clear passphrase since it did not work */
205 		clear_pass();
206 		snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "Enter passphrase for %.200s: ",
207 		    comment);
208 		for (;;) {
209 			pass = read_passphrase(msg, RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
210 			if (strcmp(pass, "") == 0) {
211 				clear_pass();
212 				xfree(comment);
213 				buffer_free(&keyblob);
214 				return -1;
215 			}
216 			private = key_parse_private(&keyblob, filename, pass,
217 			    &comment);
218 			if (private != NULL)
219 				break;
220 			clear_pass();
221 			snprintf(msg, sizeof msg,
222 			    "Bad passphrase, try again for %.200s: ", comment);
223 		}
224 	}
225 	buffer_free(&keyblob);
226 
227 	if (ssh_add_identity_constrained(ac, private, comment, lifetime,
228 	    confirm)) {
229 		fprintf(stderr, "Identity added: %s (%s)\n", filename, comment);
230 		ret = 0;
231 		if (lifetime != 0)
232 			fprintf(stderr,
233 			    "Lifetime set to %d seconds\n", lifetime);
234 		if (confirm != 0)
235 			fprintf(stderr,
236 			    "The user must confirm each use of the key\n");
237 	} else {
238 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not add identity: %s\n", filename);
239 	}
240 
241 	/* Skip trying to load the cert if requested */
242 	if (key_only)
243 		goto out;
244 
245 	/* Now try to add the certificate flavour too */
246 	xasprintf(&certpath, "%s-cert.pub", filename);
247 	if ((cert = key_load_public(certpath, NULL)) == NULL)
248 		goto out;
249 
250 	if (!key_equal_public(cert, private)) {
251 		error("Certificate %s does not match private key %s",
252 		    certpath, filename);
253 		key_free(cert);
254 		goto out;
255 	}
256 
257 	/* Graft with private bits */
258 	if (key_to_certified(private, key_cert_is_legacy(cert)) != 0) {
259 		error("%s: key_to_certified failed", __func__);
260 		key_free(cert);
261 		goto out;
262 	}
263 	key_cert_copy(cert, private);
264 	key_free(cert);
265 
266 	if (!ssh_add_identity_constrained(ac, private, comment,
267 	    lifetime, confirm)) {
268 		error("Certificate %s (%s) add failed", certpath,
269 		    private->cert->key_id);
270 	}
271 	fprintf(stderr, "Certificate added: %s (%s)\n", certpath,
272 	    private->cert->key_id);
273 	if (lifetime != 0)
274 		fprintf(stderr, "Lifetime set to %d seconds\n", lifetime);
275 	if (confirm != 0)
276 		fprintf(stderr, "The user must confirm each use of the key\n");
277  out:
278 	if (certpath != NULL)
279 		xfree(certpath);
280 	xfree(comment);
281 	key_free(private);
282 
283 	return ret;
284 }
285 
286 static int
287 update_card(AuthenticationConnection *ac, int add, const char *id)
288 {
289 	char *pin;
290 	int ret = -1;
291 
292 	pin = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase for PKCS#11: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
293 	if (pin == NULL)
294 		return -1;
295 
296 	if (ssh_update_card(ac, add, id, pin, lifetime, confirm)) {
297 		fprintf(stderr, "Card %s: %s\n",
298 		    add ? "added" : "removed", id);
299 		ret = 0;
300 	} else {
301 		fprintf(stderr, "Could not %s card: %s\n",
302 		    add ? "add" : "remove", id);
303 		ret = -1;
304 	}
305 	xfree(pin);
306 	return ret;
307 }
308 
309 static int
310 list_identities(AuthenticationConnection *ac, int do_fp)
311 {
312 	Key *key;
313 	char *comment, *fp;
314 	int had_identities = 0;
315 	int version;
316 
317 	for (version = 1; version <= 2; version++) {
318 		for (key = ssh_get_first_identity(ac, &comment, version);
319 		    key != NULL;
320 		    key = ssh_get_next_identity(ac, &comment, version)) {
321 			had_identities = 1;
322 			if (do_fp) {
323 				fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5,
324 				    SSH_FP_HEX);
325 				printf("%d %s %s (%s)\n",
326 				    key_size(key), fp, comment, key_type(key));
327 				xfree(fp);
328 			} else {
329 				if (!key_write(key, stdout))
330 					fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed");
331 				fprintf(stdout, " %s\n", comment);
332 			}
333 			key_free(key);
334 			xfree(comment);
335 		}
336 	}
337 	if (!had_identities) {
338 		printf("The agent has no identities.\n");
339 		return -1;
340 	}
341 	return 0;
342 }
343 
344 static int
345 lock_agent(AuthenticationConnection *ac, int lock)
346 {
347 	char prompt[100], *p1, *p2;
348 	int passok = 1, ret = -1;
349 
350 	strlcpy(prompt, "Enter lock password: ", sizeof(prompt));
351 	p1 = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
352 	if (lock) {
353 		strlcpy(prompt, "Again: ", sizeof prompt);
354 		p2 = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
355 		if (strcmp(p1, p2) != 0) {
356 			fprintf(stderr, "Passwords do not match.\n");
357 			passok = 0;
358 		}
359 		memset(p2, 0, strlen(p2));
360 		xfree(p2);
361 	}
362 	if (passok && ssh_lock_agent(ac, lock, p1)) {
363 		fprintf(stderr, "Agent %slocked.\n", lock ? "" : "un");
364 		ret = 0;
365 	} else
366 		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to %slock agent.\n", lock ? "" : "un");
367 	memset(p1, 0, strlen(p1));
368 	xfree(p1);
369 	return (ret);
370 }
371 
372 static int
373 do_file(AuthenticationConnection *ac, int deleting, int key_only, char *file)
374 {
375 	if (deleting) {
376 		if (delete_file(ac, file, key_only) == -1)
377 			return -1;
378 	} else {
379 		if (add_file(ac, file, key_only) == -1)
380 			return -1;
381 	}
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 static void
386 usage(void)
387 {
388 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options] [file ...]\n", __progname);
389 	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
390 	fprintf(stderr, "  -l          List fingerprints of all identities.\n");
391 	fprintf(stderr, "  -L          List public key parameters of all identities.\n");
392 	fprintf(stderr, "  -k          Load only keys and not certificates.\n");
393 	fprintf(stderr, "  -c          Require confirmation to sign using identities\n");
394 	fprintf(stderr, "  -t life     Set lifetime (in seconds) when adding identities.\n");
395 	fprintf(stderr, "  -d          Delete identity.\n");
396 	fprintf(stderr, "  -D          Delete all identities.\n");
397 	fprintf(stderr, "  -x          Lock agent.\n");
398 	fprintf(stderr, "  -X          Unlock agent.\n");
399 	fprintf(stderr, "  -s pkcs11   Add keys from PKCS#11 provider.\n");
400 	fprintf(stderr, "  -e pkcs11   Remove keys provided by PKCS#11 provider.\n");
401 }
402 
403 int
404 main(int argc, char **argv)
405 {
406 	extern char *optarg;
407 	extern int optind;
408 	AuthenticationConnection *ac = NULL;
409 	char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
410 	int i, ch, deleting = 0, ret = 0, key_only = 0;
411 
412 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
413 	sanitise_stdfd();
414 
415 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
416 
417 	/* At first, get a connection to the authentication agent. */
418 	ac = ssh_get_authentication_connection();
419 	if (ac == NULL) {
420 		fprintf(stderr,
421 		    "Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.\n");
422 		exit(2);
423 	}
424 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "klLcdDxXe:s:t:")) != -1) {
425 		switch (ch) {
426 		case 'k':
427 			key_only = 1;
428 			break;
429 		case 'l':
430 		case 'L':
431 			if (list_identities(ac, ch == 'l' ? 1 : 0) == -1)
432 				ret = 1;
433 			goto done;
434 		case 'x':
435 		case 'X':
436 			if (lock_agent(ac, ch == 'x' ? 1 : 0) == -1)
437 				ret = 1;
438 			goto done;
439 		case 'c':
440 			confirm = 1;
441 			break;
442 		case 'd':
443 			deleting = 1;
444 			break;
445 		case 'D':
446 			if (delete_all(ac) == -1)
447 				ret = 1;
448 			goto done;
449 		case 's':
450 			pkcs11provider = optarg;
451 			break;
452 		case 'e':
453 			deleting = 1;
454 			pkcs11provider = optarg;
455 			break;
456 		case 't':
457 			if ((lifetime = convtime(optarg)) == -1) {
458 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid lifetime\n");
459 				ret = 1;
460 				goto done;
461 			}
462 			break;
463 		default:
464 			usage();
465 			ret = 1;
466 			goto done;
467 		}
468 	}
469 	argc -= optind;
470 	argv += optind;
471 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
472 		if (update_card(ac, !deleting, pkcs11provider) == -1)
473 			ret = 1;
474 		goto done;
475 	}
476 	if (argc == 0) {
477 		char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
478 		struct passwd *pw;
479 		struct stat st;
480 		int count = 0;
481 
482 		if ((pw = getpwuid(getuid())) == NULL) {
483 			fprintf(stderr, "No user found with uid %u\n",
484 			    (u_int)getuid());
485 			ret = 1;
486 			goto done;
487 		}
488 
489 		for (i = 0; default_files[i]; i++) {
490 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir,
491 			    default_files[i]);
492 			if (stat(buf, &st) < 0)
493 				continue;
494 			if (do_file(ac, deleting, key_only, buf) == -1)
495 				ret = 1;
496 			else
497 				count++;
498 		}
499 		if (count == 0)
500 			ret = 1;
501 	} else {
502 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
503 			if (do_file(ac, deleting, key_only, argv[i]) == -1)
504 				ret = 1;
505 		}
506 	}
507 	clear_pass();
508 
509 done:
510 	ssh_close_authentication_connection(ac);
511 	return ret;
512 }
513