xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/authfd.c (revision 897fc685943471cf985a0fe38ba076ea6fe74fa5)
1 /* $OpenBSD: authfd.c,v 1.109 2018/04/10 00:10:49 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Functions for connecting the local authentication agent.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  *
14  * SSH2 implementation,
15  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
16  *
17  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
19  * are met:
20  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
28  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
29  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
30  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
31  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
32  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
33  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
34  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
35  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 
39 #include <sys/types.h>
40 #include <sys/un.h>
41 #include <sys/socket.h>
42 
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 #include <signal.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 
50 #include "xmalloc.h"
51 #include "ssh.h"
52 #include "sshbuf.h"
53 #include "sshkey.h"
54 #include "authfd.h"
55 #include "cipher.h"
56 #include "compat.h"
57 #include "log.h"
58 #include "atomicio.h"
59 #include "misc.h"
60 #include "ssherr.h"
61 
62 #define MAX_AGENT_IDENTITIES	2048		/* Max keys in agent reply */
63 #define MAX_AGENT_REPLY_LEN	(256 * 1024) 	/* Max bytes in agent reply */
64 
65 /* macro to check for "agent failure" message */
66 #define agent_failed(x) \
67     ((x == SSH_AGENT_FAILURE) || \
68     (x == SSH_COM_AGENT2_FAILURE) || \
69     (x == SSH2_AGENT_FAILURE))
70 
71 /* Convert success/failure response from agent to a err.h status */
72 static int
73 decode_reply(u_char type)
74 {
75 	if (agent_failed(type))
76 		return SSH_ERR_AGENT_FAILURE;
77 	else if (type == SSH_AGENT_SUCCESS)
78 		return 0;
79 	else
80 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
81 }
82 
83 /* Returns the number of the authentication fd, or -1 if there is none. */
84 int
85 ssh_get_authentication_socket(int *fdp)
86 {
87 	const char *authsocket;
88 	int sock, oerrno;
89 	struct sockaddr_un sunaddr;
90 
91 	if (fdp != NULL)
92 		*fdp = -1;
93 
94 	authsocket = getenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME);
95 	if (!authsocket)
96 		return SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT;
97 
98 	memset(&sunaddr, 0, sizeof(sunaddr));
99 	sunaddr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
100 	strlcpy(sunaddr.sun_path, authsocket, sizeof(sunaddr.sun_path));
101 
102 	if ((sock = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
103 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
104 
105 	/* close on exec */
106 	if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1 ||
107 	    connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sunaddr, sizeof(sunaddr)) < 0) {
108 		oerrno = errno;
109 		close(sock);
110 		errno = oerrno;
111 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
112 	}
113 	if (fdp != NULL)
114 		*fdp = sock;
115 	else
116 		close(sock);
117 	return 0;
118 }
119 
120 /* Communicate with agent: send request and read reply */
121 static int
122 ssh_request_reply(int sock, struct sshbuf *request, struct sshbuf *reply)
123 {
124 	int r;
125 	size_t l, len;
126 	char buf[1024];
127 
128 	/* Get the length of the message, and format it in the buffer. */
129 	len = sshbuf_len(request);
130 	POKE_U32(buf, len);
131 
132 	/* Send the length and then the packet to the agent. */
133 	if (atomicio(vwrite, sock, buf, 4) != 4 ||
134 	    atomicio(vwrite, sock, (u_char *)sshbuf_ptr(request),
135 	    sshbuf_len(request)) != sshbuf_len(request))
136 		return SSH_ERR_AGENT_COMMUNICATION;
137 	/*
138 	 * Wait for response from the agent.  First read the length of the
139 	 * response packet.
140 	 */
141 	if (atomicio(read, sock, buf, 4) != 4)
142 	    return SSH_ERR_AGENT_COMMUNICATION;
143 
144 	/* Extract the length, and check it for sanity. */
145 	len = PEEK_U32(buf);
146 	if (len > MAX_AGENT_REPLY_LEN)
147 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
148 
149 	/* Read the rest of the response in to the buffer. */
150 	sshbuf_reset(reply);
151 	while (len > 0) {
152 		l = len;
153 		if (l > sizeof(buf))
154 			l = sizeof(buf);
155 		if (atomicio(read, sock, buf, l) != l)
156 			return SSH_ERR_AGENT_COMMUNICATION;
157 		if ((r = sshbuf_put(reply, buf, l)) != 0)
158 			return r;
159 		len -= l;
160 	}
161 	return 0;
162 }
163 
164 /*
165  * Closes the agent socket if it should be closed (depends on how it was
166  * obtained).  The argument must have been returned by
167  * ssh_get_authentication_socket().
168  */
169 void
170 ssh_close_authentication_socket(int sock)
171 {
172 	if (getenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME))
173 		close(sock);
174 }
175 
176 /* Lock/unlock agent */
177 int
178 ssh_lock_agent(int sock, int lock, const char *password)
179 {
180 	int r;
181 	u_char type = lock ? SSH_AGENTC_LOCK : SSH_AGENTC_UNLOCK;
182 	struct sshbuf *msg;
183 
184 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
185 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
186 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, type)) != 0 ||
187 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, password)) != 0)
188 		goto out;
189 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
190 		goto out;
191 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
192 		goto out;
193 	r = decode_reply(type);
194  out:
195 	sshbuf_free(msg);
196 	return r;
197 }
198 
199 
200 static int
201 deserialise_identity2(struct sshbuf *ids, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
202 {
203 	int r;
204 	char *comment = NULL;
205 	const u_char *blob;
206 	size_t blen;
207 
208 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string_direct(ids, &blob, &blen)) != 0 ||
209 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(ids, &comment, NULL)) != 0)
210 		goto out;
211 	if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(blob, blen, keyp)) != 0)
212 		goto out;
213 	if (commentp != NULL) {
214 		*commentp = comment;
215 		comment = NULL;
216 	}
217 	r = 0;
218  out:
219 	free(comment);
220 	return r;
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Fetch list of identities held by the agent.
225  */
226 int
227 ssh_fetch_identitylist(int sock, struct ssh_identitylist **idlp)
228 {
229 	u_char type;
230 	u_int32_t num, i;
231 	struct sshbuf *msg;
232 	struct ssh_identitylist *idl = NULL;
233 	int r;
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * Send a message to the agent requesting for a list of the
237 	 * identities it can represent.
238 	 */
239 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
240 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
241 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_AGENTC_REQUEST_IDENTITIES)) != 0)
242 		goto out;
243 
244 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
245 		goto out;
246 
247 	/* Get message type, and verify that we got a proper answer. */
248 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
249 		goto out;
250 	if (agent_failed(type)) {
251 		r = SSH_ERR_AGENT_FAILURE;
252 		goto out;
253 	} else if (type != SSH2_AGENT_IDENTITIES_ANSWER) {
254 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
255 		goto out;
256 	}
257 
258 	/* Get the number of entries in the response and check it for sanity. */
259 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &num)) != 0)
260 		goto out;
261 	if (num > MAX_AGENT_IDENTITIES) {
262 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
263 		goto out;
264 	}
265 	if (num == 0) {
266 		r = SSH_ERR_AGENT_NO_IDENTITIES;
267 		goto out;
268 	}
269 
270 	/* Deserialise the response into a list of keys/comments */
271 	if ((idl = calloc(1, sizeof(*idl))) == NULL ||
272 	    (idl->keys = calloc(num, sizeof(*idl->keys))) == NULL ||
273 	    (idl->comments = calloc(num, sizeof(*idl->comments))) == NULL) {
274 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
275 		goto out;
276 	}
277 	for (i = 0; i < num;) {
278 		if ((r = deserialise_identity2(msg, &(idl->keys[i]),
279 		    &(idl->comments[i]))) != 0) {
280 			if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
281 				/* Gracefully skip unknown key types */
282 				num--;
283 				continue;
284 			} else
285 				goto out;
286 		}
287 		i++;
288 	}
289 	idl->nkeys = num;
290 	*idlp = idl;
291 	idl = NULL;
292 	r = 0;
293  out:
294 	sshbuf_free(msg);
295 	if (idl != NULL)
296 		ssh_free_identitylist(idl);
297 	return r;
298 }
299 
300 void
301 ssh_free_identitylist(struct ssh_identitylist *idl)
302 {
303 	size_t i;
304 
305 	if (idl == NULL)
306 		return;
307 	for (i = 0; i < idl->nkeys; i++) {
308 		if (idl->keys != NULL)
309 			sshkey_free(idl->keys[i]);
310 		if (idl->comments != NULL)
311 			free(idl->comments[i]);
312 	}
313 	free(idl);
314 }
315 
316 /*
317  * Sends a challenge (typically from a server via ssh(1)) to the agent,
318  * and waits for a response from the agent.
319  * Returns true (non-zero) if the agent gave the correct answer, zero
320  * otherwise.
321  */
322 
323 
324 /* encode signature algorithm in flag bits, so we can keep the msg format */
325 static u_int
326 agent_encode_alg(const struct sshkey *key, const char *alg)
327 {
328 	if (alg != NULL && key->type == KEY_RSA) {
329 		if (strcmp(alg, "rsa-sha2-256") == 0)
330 			return SSH_AGENT_RSA_SHA2_256;
331 		else if (strcmp(alg, "rsa-sha2-512") == 0)
332 			return SSH_AGENT_RSA_SHA2_512;
333 	}
334 	return 0;
335 }
336 
337 /* ask agent to sign data, returns err.h code on error, 0 on success */
338 int
339 ssh_agent_sign(int sock, const struct sshkey *key,
340     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
341     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg, u_int compat)
342 {
343 	struct sshbuf *msg;
344 	u_char *blob = NULL, type;
345 	size_t blen = 0, len = 0;
346 	u_int flags = 0;
347 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
348 
349 	*sigp = NULL;
350 	*lenp = 0;
351 
352 	if (datalen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
353 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
354 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
355 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
356 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(key, &blob, &blen)) != 0)
357 		goto out;
358 	flags |= agent_encode_alg(key, alg);
359 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_AGENTC_SIGN_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
360 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, blob, blen)) != 0 ||
361 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, data, datalen)) != 0 ||
362 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, flags)) != 0)
363 		goto out;
364 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
365 		goto out;
366 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
367 		goto out;
368 	if (agent_failed(type)) {
369 		r = SSH_ERR_AGENT_FAILURE;
370 		goto out;
371 	} else if (type != SSH2_AGENT_SIGN_RESPONSE) {
372 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
373 		goto out;
374 	}
375 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, sigp, &len)) != 0)
376 		goto out;
377 	*lenp = len;
378 	r = 0;
379  out:
380 	if (blob != NULL) {
381 		explicit_bzero(blob, blen);
382 		free(blob);
383 	}
384 	sshbuf_free(msg);
385 	return r;
386 }
387 
388 /* Encode key for a message to the agent. */
389 
390 
391 static int
392 encode_constraints(struct sshbuf *m, u_int life, u_int confirm, u_int maxsign)
393 {
394 	int r;
395 
396 	if (life != 0) {
397 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(m, SSH_AGENT_CONSTRAIN_LIFETIME)) != 0 ||
398 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(m, life)) != 0)
399 			goto out;
400 	}
401 	if (confirm != 0) {
402 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(m, SSH_AGENT_CONSTRAIN_CONFIRM)) != 0)
403 			goto out;
404 	}
405 	if (maxsign != 0) {
406 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(m, SSH_AGENT_CONSTRAIN_MAXSIGN)) != 0 ||
407 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(m, maxsign)) != 0)
408 			goto out;
409 	}
410 	r = 0;
411  out:
412 	return r;
413 }
414 
415 /*
416  * Adds an identity to the authentication server.
417  * This call is intended only for use by ssh-add(1) and like applications.
418  */
419 int
420 ssh_add_identity_constrained(int sock, const struct sshkey *key,
421     const char *comment, u_int life, u_int confirm, u_int maxsign)
422 {
423 	struct sshbuf *msg;
424 	int r, constrained = (life || confirm || maxsign);
425 	u_char type;
426 
427 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
428 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
429 
430 	switch (key->type) {
431 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
432 	case KEY_RSA:
433 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
434 	case KEY_DSA:
435 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
436 	case KEY_ECDSA:
437 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
438 #endif
439 	case KEY_ED25519:
440 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
441 	case KEY_XMSS:
442 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
443 		type = constrained ?
444 		    SSH2_AGENTC_ADD_ID_CONSTRAINED :
445 		    SSH2_AGENTC_ADD_IDENTITY;
446 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, type)) != 0 ||
447 		    (r = sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(key, msg, maxsign,
448 		    NULL)) != 0 ||
449 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, comment)) != 0)
450 			goto out;
451 		break;
452 	default:
453 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
454 		goto out;
455 	}
456 	if (constrained &&
457 	    (r = encode_constraints(msg, life, confirm, maxsign)) != 0)
458 		goto out;
459 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
460 		goto out;
461 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
462 		goto out;
463 	r = decode_reply(type);
464  out:
465 	sshbuf_free(msg);
466 	return r;
467 }
468 
469 /*
470  * Removes an identity from the authentication server.
471  * This call is intended only for use by ssh-add(1) and like applications.
472  */
473 int
474 ssh_remove_identity(int sock, struct sshkey *key)
475 {
476 	struct sshbuf *msg;
477 	int r;
478 	u_char type, *blob = NULL;
479 	size_t blen;
480 
481 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
482 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
483 
484 	if (key->type != KEY_UNSPEC) {
485 		if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(key, &blob, &blen)) != 0)
486 			goto out;
487 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg,
488 		    SSH2_AGENTC_REMOVE_IDENTITY)) != 0 ||
489 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, blob, blen)) != 0)
490 			goto out;
491 	} else {
492 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
493 		goto out;
494 	}
495 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
496 		goto out;
497 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
498 		goto out;
499 	r = decode_reply(type);
500  out:
501 	if (blob != NULL) {
502 		explicit_bzero(blob, blen);
503 		free(blob);
504 	}
505 	sshbuf_free(msg);
506 	return r;
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * Add/remove an token-based identity from the authentication server.
511  * This call is intended only for use by ssh-add(1) and like applications.
512  */
513 int
514 ssh_update_card(int sock, int add, const char *reader_id, const char *pin,
515     u_int life, u_int confirm)
516 {
517 	struct sshbuf *msg;
518 	int r, constrained = (life || confirm);
519 	u_char type;
520 
521 	if (add) {
522 		type = constrained ?
523 		    SSH_AGENTC_ADD_SMARTCARD_KEY_CONSTRAINED :
524 		    SSH_AGENTC_ADD_SMARTCARD_KEY;
525 	} else
526 		type = SSH_AGENTC_REMOVE_SMARTCARD_KEY;
527 
528 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
529 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
530 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, type)) != 0 ||
531 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, reader_id)) != 0 ||
532 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, pin)) != 0)
533 		goto out;
534 	if (constrained &&
535 	    (r = encode_constraints(msg, life, confirm, 0)) != 0)
536 		goto out;
537 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
538 		goto out;
539 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
540 		goto out;
541 	r = decode_reply(type);
542  out:
543 	sshbuf_free(msg);
544 	return r;
545 }
546 
547 /*
548  * Removes all identities from the agent.
549  * This call is intended only for use by ssh-add(1) and like applications.
550  *
551  * This supports the SSH protocol 1 message to because, when clearing all
552  * keys from an agent, we generally want to clear both protocol v1 and v2
553  * keys.
554  */
555 int
556 ssh_remove_all_identities(int sock, int version)
557 {
558 	struct sshbuf *msg;
559 	u_char type = (version == 1) ?
560 	    SSH_AGENTC_REMOVE_ALL_RSA_IDENTITIES :
561 	    SSH2_AGENTC_REMOVE_ALL_IDENTITIES;
562 	int r;
563 
564 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
565 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
566 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, type)) != 0)
567 		goto out;
568 	if ((r = ssh_request_reply(sock, msg, msg)) != 0)
569 		goto out;
570 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
571 		goto out;
572 	r = decode_reply(type);
573  out:
574 	sshbuf_free(msg);
575 	return r;
576 }
577