xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/rpcgen/rpc_cout.c (revision db3296cf5c1dd9058ceecc3a29fe4aaa0bd26000)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: rpc_cout.c,v 1.16 2003/06/19 20:31:08 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: rpc_cout.c,v 1.6 1996/10/01 04:13:53 cgd Exp $	*/
3 /*
4  * Sun RPC is a product of Sun Microsystems, Inc. and is provided for
5  * unrestricted use provided that this legend is included on all tape
6  * media and as a part of the software program in whole or part.  Users
7  * may copy or modify Sun RPC without charge, but are not authorized
8  * to license or distribute it to anyone else except as part of a product or
9  * program developed by the user or with the express written consent of
10  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
11  *
12  * SUN RPC IS PROVIDED AS IS WITH NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND INCLUDING THE
13  * WARRANTIES OF DESIGN, MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
14  * PURPOSE, OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE.
15  *
16  * Sun RPC is provided with no support and without any obligation on the
17  * part of Sun Microsystems, Inc. to assist in its use, correction,
18  * modification or enhancement.
19  *
20  * SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO THE
21  * INFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHTS, TRADE SECRETS OR ANY PATENTS BY SUN RPC
22  * OR ANY PART THEREOF.
23  *
24  * In no event will Sun Microsystems, Inc. be liable for any lost revenue
25  * or profits or other special, indirect and consequential damages, even if
26  * Sun has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
27  *
28  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
29  * 2550 Garcia Avenue
30  * Mountain View, California  94043
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rpc_cout.c 1.13 89/02/22 (C) 1987 SMI";
35 #endif
36 
37 /*
38  * rpc_cout.c, XDR routine outputter for the RPC protocol compiler
39  */
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <ctype.h>
45 #include "rpc_parse.h"
46 #include "rpc_util.h"
47 
48 static int findtype(definition *, char *);
49 static int undefined(char *);
50 static void print_generic_header(char *, int);
51 static void print_header(definition *);
52 static void print_prog_header(proc_list *);
53 static void print_trailer(void);
54 static void print_ifopen(int, char *);
55 static void print_ifarg(char *);
56 static void print_ifsizeof(char *, char *);
57 static void print_ifclose(int);
58 static void print_ifstat(int, char *, char *, relation, char *, char *, char *);
59 static void emit_num(definition *);
60 static void emit_program(definition *);
61 static void emit_enum(definition *);
62 static void emit_union(definition *);
63 static void emit_struct(definition *);
64 static void emit_typedef(definition *);
65 static void print_stat(int, declaration *);
66 void emit_inline(declaration *, int);
67 void emit_single_in_line(declaration *, int, relation);
68 
69 /*
70  * Emit the C-routine for the given definition
71  */
72 void
73 emit(def)
74 	definition *def;
75 {
76 	if (def->def_kind == DEF_CONST) {
77 		return;
78 	}
79 	if (def->def_kind == DEF_PROGRAM) {
80 		emit_program(def);
81 		return;
82 	}
83 	if (def->def_kind == DEF_TYPEDEF) {
84 		/* now we need to handle declarations like struct typedef foo
85 		 * foo; since we dont want this to be expanded into 2 calls to
86 		 * xdr_foo */
87 
88 		if (strcmp(def->def.ty.old_type, def->def_name) == 0)
89 			return;
90 	}
91 
92 	print_header(def);
93 	switch (def->def_kind) {
94 	case DEF_UNION:
95 		emit_union(def);
96 		break;
97 	case DEF_ENUM:
98 		emit_enum(def);
99 		break;
100 	case DEF_STRUCT:
101 		emit_struct(def);
102 		break;
103 	case DEF_TYPEDEF:
104 		emit_typedef(def);
105 		break;
106 	}
107 	print_trailer();
108 }
109 
110 static int
111 findtype(def, type)
112 	definition *def;
113 	char	*type;
114 {
115 
116 	if (def->def_kind == DEF_PROGRAM || def->def_kind == DEF_CONST) {
117 		return (0);
118 	} else {
119 		return (streq(def->def_name, type));
120 	}
121 }
122 
123 static int
124 undefined(type)
125 	char	*type;
126 {
127 	definition *def;
128 
129 	def = (definition *) FINDVAL(defined, type, findtype);
130 	return (def == NULL);
131 }
132 
133 static void
134 print_generic_header(procname, pointerp)
135 	char	*procname;
136 	int	pointerp;
137 {
138 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
139 	fprintf(fout, "bool_t\n");
140 	if (Cflag) {
141 		fprintf(fout, "xdr_%s(", procname);
142 		fprintf(fout, "XDR *xdrs, ");
143 		fprintf(fout, "%s ", procname);
144 		if (pointerp)
145 			fprintf(fout, "*");
146 		fprintf(fout, "objp)\n{\n");
147 	} else {
148 		fprintf(fout, "xdr_%s(xdrs, objp)\n", procname);
149 		fprintf(fout, "\tXDR *xdrs;\n");
150 		fprintf(fout, "\t%s ", procname);
151 		if (pointerp)
152 			fprintf(fout, "*");
153 		fprintf(fout, "objp;\n{\n");
154 	}
155 }
156 
157 static void
158 print_header(def)
159 	definition *def;
160 {
161 	print_generic_header(def->def_name,
162 	    def->def_kind != DEF_TYPEDEF ||
163 	    !isvectordef(def->def.ty.old_type, def->def.ty.rel));
164 
165 	/* Now add Inline support */
166 
167 	if (doinline == 0)
168 		return;
169 	/* May cause lint to complain. but  ... */
170 	fprintf(fout, "\tint32_t *buf;\n");
171 }
172 
173 static void
174 print_prog_header(plist)
175 	proc_list *plist;
176 {
177 	print_generic_header(plist->args.argname, 1);
178 }
179 
180 static void
181 print_trailer()
182 {
183 	fprintf(fout, "\treturn (TRUE);\n");
184 	fprintf(fout, "}\n");
185 }
186 
187 static void
188 print_ifopen(indent, name)
189 	int     indent;
190 	char   *name;
191 {
192 	tabify(fout, indent);
193 	fprintf(fout, "if (!xdr_%s(xdrs", name);
194 }
195 
196 static void
197 print_ifarg(arg)
198 	char   *arg;
199 {
200 	fprintf(fout, ", %s", arg);
201 }
202 
203 static void
204 print_ifsizeof(prefix, type)
205 	char   *prefix;
206 	char   *type;
207 {
208 	if (streq(type, "bool")) {
209 		fprintf(fout, ", sizeof(bool_t), (xdrproc_t)xdr_bool");
210 	} else {
211 		fprintf(fout, ", sizeof(");
212 		if (undefined(type) && prefix) {
213 			fprintf(fout, "%s ", prefix);
214 		}
215 		fprintf(fout, "%s), (xdrproc_t)xdr_%s", type, type);
216 	}
217 }
218 
219 static void
220 print_ifclose(indent)
221 	int     indent;
222 {
223 	fprintf(fout, "))\n");
224 	tabify(fout, indent);
225 	fprintf(fout, "\treturn (FALSE);\n");
226 }
227 
228 static void
229 print_ifstat(indent, prefix, type, rel, amax, objname, name)
230 	int     indent;
231 	char   *prefix;
232 	char   *type;
233 	relation rel;
234 	char   *amax;
235 	char   *objname;
236 	char   *name;
237 {
238 	char   *alt = NULL;
239 
240 	switch (rel) {
241 	case REL_POINTER:
242 		print_ifopen(indent, "pointer");
243 		print_ifarg("(char **)");
244 		fprintf(fout, "%s", objname);
245 		print_ifsizeof(prefix, type);
246 		break;
247 	case REL_VECTOR:
248 		if (streq(type, "string")) {
249 			alt = "string";
250 		} else
251 			if (streq(type, "opaque")) {
252 				alt = "opaque";
253 			}
254 		if (alt) {
255 			print_ifopen(indent, alt);
256 			print_ifarg(objname);
257 			print_ifarg(amax);
258 		} else {
259 			print_ifopen(indent, "vector");
260 			print_ifarg("(char *)");
261 			fprintf(fout, "%s,\n", objname);
262 			tabify(fout, indent);
263 			fprintf(fout, "    %s", amax);
264 		}
265 		if (!alt) {
266 			print_ifsizeof(prefix, type);
267 		}
268 		break;
269 	case REL_ARRAY:
270 		if (streq(type, "string")) {
271 			alt = "string";
272 		} else
273 			if (streq(type, "opaque")) {
274 				alt = "bytes";
275 			}
276 		if (streq(type, "string")) {
277 			print_ifopen(indent, alt);
278 			print_ifarg(objname);
279 			print_ifarg(amax);
280 		} else {
281 			if (alt) {
282 				print_ifopen(indent, alt);
283 			} else {
284 				print_ifopen(indent, "array");
285 			}
286 			print_ifarg("(char **)");
287 			if (*objname == '&') {
288 				fprintf(fout, "%s.%s_val,\n\t    (u_int *)%s.%s_len",
289 				    objname, name, objname, name);
290 			} else {
291 				fprintf(fout, "&%s->%s_val,\n\t    (u_int *)&%s->%s_len",
292 				    objname, name, objname, name);
293 			}
294 			fprintf(fout, ",\n\t    %s", amax);
295 		}
296 		if (!alt) {
297 			print_ifsizeof(prefix, type);
298 		}
299 		break;
300 	case REL_ALIAS:
301 		print_ifopen(indent, type);
302 		print_ifarg(objname);
303 		break;
304 	}
305 	print_ifclose(indent);
306 }
307 
308 /* ARGSUSED */
309 static void
310 emit_enum(def)
311 	definition *def;
312 {
313 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
314 
315 	print_ifopen(1, "enum");
316 	print_ifarg("(enum_t *)objp");
317 	print_ifclose(1);
318 }
319 
320 static void
321 emit_program(def)
322 	definition *def;
323 {
324 	decl_list *dl;
325 	version_list *vlist;
326 	proc_list *plist;
327 
328 	for (vlist = def->def.pr.versions; vlist != NULL; vlist = vlist->next)
329 		for (plist = vlist->procs; plist != NULL; plist = plist->next) {
330 			if (!newstyle || plist->arg_num < 2)
331 				continue;	/* old style, or single
332 						 * argument */
333 			print_prog_header(plist);
334 			for (dl = plist->args.decls; dl != NULL;
335 			    dl = dl->next)
336 				print_stat(1, &dl->decl);
337 			print_trailer();
338 		}
339 }
340 
341 static void
342 emit_union(def)
343 	definition *def;
344 {
345 	declaration *dflt;
346 	case_list *cl;
347 	declaration *cs;
348 	char   *object;
349 	char   *vecformat = "objp->%s_u.%s";
350 	char   *format = "&objp->%s_u.%s";
351 
352 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
353 	print_stat(1, &def->def.un.enum_decl);
354 	fprintf(fout, "\tswitch (objp->%s) {\n", def->def.un.enum_decl.name);
355 	for (cl = def->def.un.cases; cl != NULL; cl = cl->next) {
356 		fprintf(fout, "\tcase %s:\n", cl->case_name);
357 		if (cl->contflag == 1)	/* a continued case statement */
358 			continue;
359 		cs = &cl->case_decl;
360 		if (!streq(cs->type, "void")) {
361 			int len = strlen(def->def_name) + strlen(format) +
362 			    strlen(cs->name) + 1;
363 
364 			object = alloc(len);
365 			if (object == NULL) {
366 				fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error: no memory\n");
367 				crash();
368 			}
369 			if (isvectordef(cs->type, cs->rel)) {
370 				snprintf(object, len, vecformat, def->def_name,
371 				    cs->name);
372 			} else {
373 				snprintf(object, len, format, def->def_name,
374 				    cs->name);
375 			}
376 			print_ifstat(2, cs->prefix, cs->type, cs->rel, cs->array_max,
377 			    object, cs->name);
378 			free(object);
379 		}
380 		fprintf(fout, "\t\tbreak;\n");
381 	}
382 	dflt = def->def.un.default_decl;
383 	if (dflt != NULL) {
384 		if (!streq(dflt->type, "void")) {
385 			int len = strlen(def->def_name) + strlen(format) +
386 			    strlen(dflt->name) + 1;
387 
388 			fprintf(fout, "\tdefault:\n");
389 			object = alloc(len);
390 			if (object == NULL) {
391 				fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error: no memory\n");
392 				crash();
393 			}
394 			if (isvectordef(dflt->type, dflt->rel)) {
395 				snprintf(object, len, vecformat, def->def_name,
396 				    dflt->name);
397 			} else {
398 				snprintf(object, len, format, def->def_name,
399 				    dflt->name);
400 			}
401 
402 			print_ifstat(2, dflt->prefix, dflt->type, dflt->rel,
403 			    dflt->array_max, object, dflt->name);
404 			free(object);
405 			fprintf(fout, "\t\tbreak;\n");
406 		}
407 	} else {
408 		fprintf(fout, "\tdefault:\n");
409 		fprintf(fout, "\t\treturn (FALSE);\n");
410 	}
411 
412 	fprintf(fout, "\t}\n");
413 }
414 
415 static void
416 emit_struct(def)
417 	definition *def;
418 {
419 	decl_list *dl;
420 	int     i, j, size, flag;
421 	decl_list *cur, *psav;
422 	bas_type *ptr;
423 	char   *sizestr, *plus;
424 	char    ptemp[256];
425 	int     can_inline;
426 
427 	if (doinline == 0) {
428 		for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next)
429 			print_stat(1, &dl->decl);
430 		return;
431 	}
432 	for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next)
433 		if (dl->decl.rel == REL_VECTOR) {
434 			fprintf(fout, "\tint i;\n");
435 			break;
436 		}
437 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
438 
439 	size = 0;
440 	can_inline = 0;
441 	for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next)
442 		if (dl->decl.prefix == NULL &&
443 		    (ptr = find_type(dl->decl.type)) != NULL &&
444 		    (dl->decl.rel == REL_ALIAS || dl->decl.rel == REL_VECTOR)) {
445 			if (dl->decl.rel == REL_ALIAS)
446 				size += ptr->length;
447 			else {
448 				can_inline = 1;
449 				break;	/* can be inlined */
450 			}
451 		} else {
452 			if (size >= doinline) {
453 				can_inline = 1;
454 				break;	/* can be inlined */
455 			}
456 			size = 0;
457 		}
458 	if (size > doinline)
459 		can_inline = 1;
460 
461 	if (can_inline == 0) {	/* can not inline, drop back to old mode */
462 		for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next)
463 			print_stat(1, &dl->decl);
464 		return;
465 	}
466 
467 	flag = PUT;
468 	for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
469 		if (flag == PUT)
470 			fprintf(fout, "\tif (xdrs->x_op == XDR_ENCODE) {\n");
471 		else
472 			fprintf(fout, "\t\treturn (TRUE);\n\t} else if (xdrs->x_op == XDR_DECODE) {\n");
473 
474 		i = 0;
475 		size = 0;
476 		sizestr = NULL;
477 		for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next) {	/* xxx */
478 
479 			/* now walk down the list and check for basic types */
480 			if (dl->decl.prefix == NULL &&
481 			    (ptr = find_type(dl->decl.type)) != NULL &&
482 			    (dl->decl.rel == REL_ALIAS || dl->decl.rel == REL_VECTOR)) {
483 				if (i == 0)
484 					cur = dl;
485 				i++;
486 
487 				if (dl->decl.rel == REL_ALIAS)
488 					size += ptr->length;
489 				else {
490 					/* this is required to handle arrays */
491 
492 					if (sizestr == NULL)
493 						plus = "";
494 					else
495 						plus = "+";
496 
497 					if (ptr->length != 1)
498 						snprintf(ptemp, sizeof ptemp,
499 						    "%s%s* %d", plus,
500 						    dl->decl.array_max,
501 						    ptr->length);
502 					else
503 						snprintf(ptemp, sizeof ptemp,
504 						    "%s%s", plus,
505 						    dl->decl.array_max);
506 
507 					/* now concatenate to sizestr !!!! */
508 					if (sizestr == NULL) {
509 						sizestr = strdup(ptemp);
510 						if (sizestr == NULL) {
511 							fprintf(stderr,
512 							    "Fatal error: no memory\n");
513 							crash();
514 						}
515 					} else {
516 						size_t len;
517 
518 						len = strlen(sizestr) +
519 						    strlen(ptemp) + 1;
520 						sizestr = (char *)realloc(sizestr, len);
521 						if (sizestr == NULL) {
522 							fprintf(stderr,
523 							    "Fatal error: no memory\n");
524 							crash();
525 						}
526 						/* build up length of array */
527 						strlcat(sizestr, ptemp, len);
528 					}
529 				}
530 
531 			} else {
532 				if (i > 0) {
533 					if (sizestr == NULL && size < doinline) {
534 						/* don't expand into inline
535 						 * code if size < doinline */
536 						while (cur != dl) {
537 							print_stat(2, &cur->decl);
538 							cur = cur->next;
539 						}
540 					} else {
541 						/* were already looking at a
542 						 * xdr_inlineable structure */
543 						if (sizestr == NULL)
544 							fprintf(fout,
545 							    "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    %d * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);", size);
546 						else if (size == 0)
547 							fprintf(fout,
548 							    "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    %s * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);",
549 								    sizestr);
550 						else
551 							fprintf(fout,
552 							    "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    (%d + %s) * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);", size, sizestr);
553 
554 						fprintf(fout,
555 						    "\n\t\tif (buf == NULL) {\n");
556 
557 						psav = cur;
558 						while (cur != dl) {
559 							print_stat(3, &cur->decl);
560 							cur = cur->next;
561 						}
562 
563 						fprintf(fout, "\t\t} else {\n");
564 
565 						cur = psav;
566 						while (cur != dl) {
567 							emit_inline(&cur->decl, flag);
568 							cur = cur->next;
569 						}
570 						fprintf(fout, "\t\t}\n");
571 					}
572 				}
573 				size = 0;
574 				i = 0;
575 				sizestr = NULL;
576 				print_stat(2, &dl->decl);
577 			}
578 		}
579 		if (i > 0) {
580 			if (sizestr == NULL && size < doinline) {
581 				/* don't expand into inline code if size <
582 				 * doinline */
583 				while (cur != dl) {
584 					print_stat(2, &cur->decl);
585 					cur = cur->next;
586 				}
587 			} else {
588 				/* were already looking at a xdr_inlineable
589 				 * structure */
590 				if (sizestr == NULL)
591 					fprintf(fout, "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    %d * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);",
592 					    size);
593 				else
594 					if (size == 0)
595 						fprintf(fout,
596 						    "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    %s * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);",
597 						    sizestr);
598 					else
599 						fprintf(fout,
600 						    "\t\tbuf = (int32_t *)XDR_INLINE(xdrs,\n\t\t    (%d + %s) * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT);",
601 						    size, sizestr);
602 
603 				fprintf(fout, "\n\t\tif (buf == NULL) {\n");
604 
605 				psav = cur;
606 				while (cur != NULL) {
607 					print_stat(3, &cur->decl);
608 					cur = cur->next;
609 				}
610 				fprintf(fout, "\t\t} else {\n");
611 
612 				cur = psav;
613 				while (cur != dl) {
614 					emit_inline(&cur->decl, flag);
615 					cur = cur->next;
616 				}
617 
618 				fprintf(fout, "\t\t}\n");
619 
620 			}
621 		}
622 		flag = GET;
623 	}
624 	fprintf(fout, "\t\treturn (TRUE);\n\t}\n\n");
625 
626 	/* now take care of XDR_FREE case */
627 
628 	for (dl = def->def.st.decls; dl != NULL; dl = dl->next)
629 		print_stat(1, &dl->decl);
630 }
631 
632 static void
633 emit_typedef(def)
634 	definition *def;
635 {
636 	char   *prefix = def->def.ty.old_prefix;
637 	char   *type = def->def.ty.old_type;
638 	char   *amax = def->def.ty.array_max;
639 	relation rel = def->def.ty.rel;
640 
641 	fprintf(fout, "\n");
642 	print_ifstat(1, prefix, type, rel, amax, "objp", def->def_name);
643 }
644 
645 static void
646 print_stat(indent, dec)
647 	declaration *dec;
648 	int     indent;
649 {
650 	char   *prefix = dec->prefix;
651 	char   *type = dec->type;
652 	char   *amax = dec->array_max;
653 	relation rel = dec->rel;
654 	char    name[256];
655 
656 	if (isvectordef(type, rel)) {
657 		snprintf(name, sizeof name, "objp->%s", dec->name);
658 	} else {
659 		snprintf(name, sizeof name, "&objp->%s", dec->name);
660 	}
661 	print_ifstat(indent, prefix, type, rel, amax, name, dec->name);
662 }
663 
664 char   *upcase(char *);
665 
666 void
667 emit_inline(decl, flag)
668 	declaration *decl;
669 	int     flag;
670 {
671 	/*check whether an array or not */
672 
673 	switch (decl->rel) {
674 	case REL_ALIAS:
675 		fprintf(fout, "\t");
676 		emit_single_in_line(decl, flag, REL_ALIAS);
677 		break;
678 	case REL_VECTOR:
679 		fprintf(fout, "\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t%s *genp;\n\n", decl->type);
680 		fprintf(fout, "\t\t\t\tfor (i = 0, genp = objp->%s;\n\t\t\t\t    i < %s; i++) {\n\t\t\t",
681 		    decl->name, decl->array_max);
682 		emit_single_in_line(decl, flag, REL_VECTOR);
683 		fprintf(fout, "\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n");
684 
685 	}
686 }
687 
688 void
689 emit_single_in_line(decl, flag, rel)
690 	declaration *decl;
691 	int     flag;
692 	relation rel;
693 {
694 	char   *upp_case;
695 	int     freed = 0;
696 
697 	if (flag == PUT)
698 		fprintf(fout, "\t\tIXDR_PUT_");
699 	else
700 		if (rel == REL_ALIAS)
701 			fprintf(fout, "\t\tobjp->%s = IXDR_GET_", decl->name);
702 		else
703 			fprintf(fout, "\t\t*genp++ = IXDR_GET_");
704 
705 	upp_case = upcase(decl->type);
706 
707 	/* hack  - XX */
708 	if (strcmp(upp_case, "INT") == 0) {
709 		free(upp_case);
710 		freed = 1;
711 		upp_case = "LONG";
712 	}
713 	if (strcmp(upp_case, "U_INT") == 0) {
714 		free(upp_case);
715 		freed = 1;
716 		upp_case = "U_LONG";
717 	}
718 	if (flag == PUT)
719 		if (rel == REL_ALIAS)
720 			fprintf(fout, "%s(buf, objp->%s);\n", upp_case, decl->name);
721 		else
722 			fprintf(fout, "%s(buf, *genp++);\n", upp_case);
723 
724 	else
725 		fprintf(fout, "%s(buf);\n", upp_case);
726 	if (!freed)
727 		free(upp_case);
728 }
729 
730 char *
731 upcase(str)
732 	char   *str;
733 {
734 	char   *ptr, *hptr;
735 
736 	ptr = (char *) malloc(strlen(str)+1);
737 	if (ptr == (char *) NULL) {
738 		fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed\n");
739 		exit(1);
740 	}
741 
742 	hptr = ptr;
743 	while (*str != '\0')
744 		*ptr++ = toupper(*str++);
745 
746 	*ptr = '\0';
747 	return (hptr);
748 }
749