xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/diff3/diff3.1 (revision db3296cf5c1dd9058ceecc3a29fe4aaa0bd26000)
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30.\"     @(#)diff3.1	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
31.\"
32.Dd April 18, 1994
33.Dt DIFF3 1
34.Os
35.Sh NAME
36.Nm diff3
37.Nd 3-way differential file comparison
38.Sh SYNOPSIS
39.Nm diff3
40.Op Fl aexEX3
41.Ar file1 file2 file3
42.Sh DESCRIPTION
43The
44.Nm
45utility compares the contents of three different versions of a file,
46.Ar file1 ,
47.Ar file2
48and
49.Ar file3 ,
50writing the result to the standard output.
51The options describe different methods of merging and
52purging
53the separate versions into a new file.
54.Nm
55is used by
56.Xr RCS 1
57to merge specific versions or create
58new versions.
59.Pp
60The options are as follows:
61.Bl -tag -width "-E, -X"
62.It Fl a
63Treat all files as ASCII.
64.It Fl e
65Produces output in a form suitable as an input script for the
66.Xr ed 1
67utility.
68The script may then be used to merge differences common between all
69three files and differences specific to
70.Ar file1
71and
72.Ar file3 .
73In other words, the
74.Fl e
75option ignores differences specific to
76.Ar file1
77and
78.Ar file2 ,
79and those specific to
80.Ar file2
81and
82.Ar file3 .
83It is useful for backing out changes specific to
84.Ar file2
85only.
86.It Fl x
87Produces an output script suitable for
88.Xr ed 1
89with changes
90specific only to all three versions.
91.It Fl 3
92Produces an output script suitable for
93.Xr ed 1
94with changes
95specific only to
96.Ar file3 .
97.It Fl E , X
98Similar to
99.Fl e
100and
101.Fl x  ,
102respectively, but treat overlapping changes (i.e., changes that would
103be noted with ==== in the normal listing) differently.
104The overlapping lines from both files will be inserted by the edit script,
105bracketed by "<<<<<<" and ">>>>>>" lines.
106.El
107.Pp
108The
109.Fl E
110option is used by
111.Tn RCS
112.Xr merge  1
113to ensure that overlapping changes in the merged files are preserved
114and brought to someone's attention.
115.Pp
116For example, suppose lines 7-8 are changed in both
117.Ar file1
118and
119.Ar file2 .
120Applying the edit script generated by the command
121.Pp
122.Dl diff3 -E file1 file2 file3
123.Pp
124to
125.Ar file1
126results in the file:
127.Pp
128.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
129lines 1-6
130of file1
131<<<<<<< file1
132lines 7-8
133of file1
134=======
135lines 7-8
136of file3
137>>>>>>> file3
138rest of file1
139.Ed
140.Pp
141The default output of
142.Nm
143makes notation of the differences between all files, and those
144differences specific to each pair of files.
145The changes are described by the commands necessary for
146.Xr ed 1
147to create the desired target from the different versions.
148See
149.Xr diff 1
150for a description of the commands.
151.Bl -tag -width "====="
152.It Li \&====
153The lines beneath this notation are ranges of lines which are different
154between all files.
155.It \&==== Ns Va n
156The lines beneath this notation are ranges of lines which are exclusively
157different in file
158.Va n .
159.El
160.Sh ENVIRONMENT
161.Bl -tag -width TMPDIR
162.It Ev TMPDIR
163If the environment variable
164.Ev TMPDIR
165exists,
166.Nm
167will use the directory specified by
168.Ev TMPDIR
169as the temporary directory.
170.El
171.Sh FILES
172.Bl -tag -width /usr/libexec/diff3prog -compact
173.It Pa /tmp/d3a.XXXXXXXXXX
174temporary file
175.It Pa /tmp/d3b.XXXXXXXXXX
176temporary file
177.It Pa /usr/libexec/diff3
178the actual executable
179.El
180.Sh SEE ALSO
181.Xr diff 1 ,
182.Xr ed 1 ,
183.Xr merge 1
184.Xr rcs 1
185.Sh BUGS
186The
187.Fl e
188option cannot catch and change lines which have
189.Ql \&.
190as the first and only character on the line.
191The resulting script will fail on that line
192as
193.Ql \&.
194is an
195.Xr ed 1
196editing command.
197.Sh HISTORY
198A
199.Nm
200command appeared in
201.At v7 .
202