xref: /openbsd-src/sys/kern/sys_futex.c (revision 99fd087599a8791921855f21bd7e36130f39aadc)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: sys_futex.c,v 1.14 2020/01/14 08:52:18 mpi Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Martin Pieuchot
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #include <sys/param.h>
20 #include <sys/systm.h>
21 #include <sys/proc.h>
22 #include <sys/kernel.h>
23 #include <sys/mount.h>
24 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
25 #include <sys/pool.h>
26 #include <sys/time.h>
27 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
28 #include <sys/futex.h>
29 
30 #ifdef KTRACE
31 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
32 #endif
33 
34 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
35 
36 /*
37  * Atomicity is only needed on MULTIPROCESSOR kernels.  Fall back on
38  * copyin(9) until non-MULTIPROCESSOR architectures have a copyin32(9)
39  * implementation.
40  */
41 #ifndef MULTIPROCESSOR
42 #define copyin32(uaddr, kaddr)	copyin((uaddr), (kaddr), sizeof(uint32_t))
43 #endif
44 
45 /*
46  * Kernel representation of a futex.
47  */
48 struct futex {
49 	LIST_ENTRY(futex)	 ft_list;	/* list of all futexes */
50 	TAILQ_HEAD(, proc)	 ft_threads;	/* sleeping queue */
51 	struct uvm_object	*ft_obj;	/* UVM object */
52 	voff_t			 ft_off;	/* UVM offset */
53 	unsigned int		 ft_refcnt;	/* # of references */
54 };
55 
56 /* Syscall helpers. */
57 int	 futex_wait(uint32_t *, uint32_t, const struct timespec *, int);
58 int	 futex_wake(uint32_t *, uint32_t, int);
59 int	 futex_requeue(uint32_t *, uint32_t, uint32_t *, uint32_t, int);
60 
61 /* Flags for futex_get(). */
62 #define FT_CREATE	0x1	/* Create a futex if it doesn't exist. */
63 #define FT_PRIVATE	0x2	/* Futex is process-private. */
64 
65 struct futex *futex_get(uint32_t *, int);
66 void	 futex_put(struct futex *);
67 
68 /*
69  * The global futex lock serializes futex(2) calls so that no wakeup
70  * event is lost, and protects all futex lists and futex states.
71  */
72 struct rwlock			ftlock = RWLOCK_INITIALIZER("futex");
73 static struct futex_list	ftlist_shared =
74 				    LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ftlist_shared);
75 struct pool			ftpool;
76 
77 
78 void
79 futex_init(void)
80 {
81 	pool_init(&ftpool, sizeof(struct futex), 0, IPL_NONE,
82 	    PR_WAITOK | PR_RWLOCK, "futexpl", NULL);
83 }
84 
85 int
86 sys_futex(struct proc *p, void *v, register_t *retval)
87 {
88 	struct sys_futex_args /* {
89 		syscallarg(uint32_t *) f;
90 		syscallarg(int) op;
91 		syscallarg(inr) val;
92 		syscallarg(const struct timespec *) timeout;
93 		syscallarg(uint32_t *) g;
94 	} */ *uap = v;
95 	uint32_t *uaddr = SCARG(uap, f);
96 	int op = SCARG(uap, op);
97 	uint32_t val = SCARG(uap, val);
98 	const struct timespec *timeout = SCARG(uap, timeout);
99 	void *g = SCARG(uap, g);
100 	int flags = 0;
101 
102 	if (op & FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
103 		flags |= FT_PRIVATE;
104 
105 	switch (op) {
106 	case FUTEX_WAIT:
107 	case FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE:
108 		KERNEL_LOCK();
109 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
110 		*retval = futex_wait(uaddr, val, timeout, flags);
111 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
112 		KERNEL_UNLOCK();
113 		break;
114 	case FUTEX_WAKE:
115 	case FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE:
116 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
117 		*retval = futex_wake(uaddr, val, flags);
118 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
119 		break;
120 	case FUTEX_REQUEUE:
121 	case FUTEX_REQUEUE_PRIVATE:
122 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
123 		*retval = futex_requeue(uaddr, val, g, (u_long)timeout, flags);
124 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
125 		break;
126 	default:
127 		*retval = ENOSYS;
128 		break;
129 	}
130 
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * Return an existing futex matching userspace address ``uaddr''.
136  *
137  * If such futex does not exist and FT_CREATE is given, create it.
138  */
139 struct futex *
140 futex_get(uint32_t *uaddr, int flags)
141 {
142 	struct proc *p = curproc;
143 	vm_map_t map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map;
144 	vm_map_entry_t entry;
145 	struct uvm_object *obj = NULL;
146 	voff_t off = (vaddr_t)uaddr;
147 	struct futex *f;
148 	struct futex_list *ftlist = &p->p_p->ps_ftlist;
149 
150 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
151 
152 	if (!(flags & FT_PRIVATE)) {
153 		vm_map_lock_read(map);
154 		if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, (vaddr_t)uaddr, &entry) &&
155 		    UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry) && entry->object.uvm_obj &&
156 		    entry->inheritance == MAP_INHERIT_SHARE) {
157 			ftlist = &ftlist_shared;
158 			obj = entry->object.uvm_obj;
159 			off = entry->offset + ((vaddr_t)uaddr - entry->start);
160 		}
161 		vm_map_unlock_read(map);
162 	}
163 
164 	LIST_FOREACH(f, ftlist, ft_list) {
165 		if (f->ft_obj == obj && f->ft_off == off) {
166 			f->ft_refcnt++;
167 			break;
168 		}
169 	}
170 
171 	if ((f == NULL) && (flags & FT_CREATE)) {
172 		/*
173 		 * We rely on the rwlock to ensure that no other thread
174 		 * create the same futex.
175 		 */
176 		f = pool_get(&ftpool, PR_WAITOK);
177 		TAILQ_INIT(&f->ft_threads);
178 		f->ft_obj = obj;
179 		f->ft_off = off;
180 		f->ft_refcnt = 1;
181 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(ftlist, f, ft_list);
182 	}
183 
184 	return f;
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Release a given futex.
189  */
190 void
191 futex_put(struct futex *f)
192 {
193 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
194 
195 	KASSERT(f->ft_refcnt > 0);
196 
197 	--f->ft_refcnt;
198 	if (f->ft_refcnt == 0) {
199 		KASSERT(TAILQ_EMPTY(&f->ft_threads));
200 		LIST_REMOVE(f, ft_list);
201 		pool_put(&ftpool, f);
202 	}
203 }
204 
205 /*
206  * Put the current thread on the sleep queue of the futex at address
207  * ``uaddr''.  Let it sleep for the specified ``timeout'' time, or
208  * indefinitly if the argument is NULL.
209  */
210 int
211 futex_wait(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t val, const struct timespec *timeout,
212     int flags)
213 {
214 	struct proc *p = curproc;
215 	struct futex *f;
216 	uint64_t nsecs = INFSLP;
217 	uint32_t cval;
218 	int error;
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * After reading the value a race is still possible but
222 	 * we deal with it by serializing all futex syscalls.
223 	 */
224 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
225 
226 	/*
227 	 * Read user space futex value
228 	 */
229 	if ((error = copyin32(uaddr, &cval)))
230 		return error;
231 
232 	/* If the value changed, stop here. */
233 	if (cval != val)
234 		return EAGAIN;
235 
236 	if (timeout != NULL) {
237 		struct timespec ts;
238 
239 		if ((error = copyin(timeout, &ts, sizeof(ts))))
240 			return error;
241 #ifdef KTRACE
242 		if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_STRUCT))
243 			ktrreltimespec(p, &ts);
244 #endif
245 		if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || !timespecisvalid(&ts))
246 			return EINVAL;
247 		nsecs = TIMESPEC_TO_NSEC(&ts);
248 	}
249 
250 	f = futex_get(uaddr, flags | FT_CREATE);
251 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
252 	p->p_futex = f;
253 
254 	error = rwsleep_nsec(p, &ftlock, PWAIT|PCATCH, "fsleep", nsecs);
255 	if (error == ERESTART)
256 		error = ECANCELED;
257 	else if (error == EWOULDBLOCK) {
258 		/* A race occured between a wakeup and a timeout. */
259 		if (p->p_futex == NULL)
260 			error = 0;
261 		else
262 			error = ETIMEDOUT;
263 	}
264 
265 	/* Remove ourself if we haven't been awaken. */
266 	if ((f = p->p_futex) != NULL) {
267 		p->p_futex = NULL;
268 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
269 		futex_put(f);
270 	}
271 
272 	return error;
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Wakeup at most ``n'' sibling threads sleeping on a futex at address
277  * ``uaddr'' and requeue at most ``m'' sibling threads on a futex at
278  * address ``uaddr2''.
279  */
280 int
281 futex_requeue(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t n, uint32_t *uaddr2, uint32_t m,
282     int flags)
283 {
284 	struct futex *f, *g;
285 	struct proc *p;
286 	uint32_t count = 0;
287 
288 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
289 
290 	f = futex_get(uaddr, flags);
291 	if (f == NULL)
292 		return 0;
293 
294 	while ((p = TAILQ_FIRST(&f->ft_threads)) != NULL && (count < (n + m))) {
295 		p->p_futex = NULL;
296 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
297 		futex_put(f);
298 
299 		if (count < n) {
300 			wakeup_one(p);
301 		} else if (uaddr2 != NULL) {
302 			g = futex_get(uaddr2, FT_CREATE);
303 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&g->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
304 			p->p_futex = g;
305 		}
306 		count++;
307 	}
308 
309 	futex_put(f);
310 
311 	return count;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * Wakeup at most ``n'' sibling threads sleeping on a futex at address
316  * ``uaddr''.
317  */
318 int
319 futex_wake(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t n, int flags)
320 {
321 	return futex_requeue(uaddr, n, NULL, 0, flags);
322 }
323