xref: /openbsd-src/sys/kern/subr_extent.c (revision 2a86633e27bbe2659cd566829a6c3787f8cbf868)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: subr_extent.c,v 1.24 2002/12/08 04:22:33 art Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: subr_extent.c,v 1.7 1996/11/21 18:46:34 cgd Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*-
5  * Copyright (c) 1996, 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9  * by Jason R. Thorpe and Matthias Drochner.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *	Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 /*
41  * General purpose extent manager.
42  */
43 
44 #ifdef _KERNEL
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/extent.h>
47 #include <sys/malloc.h>
48 #include <sys/time.h>
49 #include <sys/systm.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 #include <sys/pool.h>
53 #include <ddb/db_output.h>
54 #else
55 /*
56  * user-land definitions, so it can fit into a testing harness.
57  */
58 #include <sys/param.h>
59 #include <sys/extent.h>
60 #include <sys/queue.h>
61 #include <errno.h>
62 #include <stdlib.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 
65 #define	malloc(s, t, flags)		malloc(s)
66 #define	free(p, t)			free(p)
67 #define	tsleep(chan, pri, str, timo)	(EWOULDBLOCK)
68 #define	wakeup(chan)			((void)0)
69 #define db_printf printf
70 #endif
71 
72 static	void extent_insert_and_optimize(struct extent *, u_long, u_long,
73 	    int, struct extent_region *, struct extent_region *);
74 static	struct extent_region *extent_alloc_region_descriptor(struct extent *, int);
75 static	void extent_free_region_descriptor(struct extent *,
76 	    struct extent_region *);
77 static	void extent_register(struct extent *);
78 
79 /*
80  * Macro to align to an arbitrary power-of-two boundary.
81  */
82 #define EXTENT_ALIGN(_start, _align, _skew)		\
83 	(((((_start) - (_skew)) + ((_align) - 1)) & (-(_align))) + (_skew))
84 
85 
86 /*
87  * Register the extent on a doubly linked list.
88  * Should work, no?
89  */
90 static LIST_HEAD(listhead, extent) ext_list;
91 
92 static void
93 extent_register(struct extent *ex)
94 {
95 	struct extent *ep;
96 	static int initialized;
97 
98 	if (!initialized){
99 		LIST_INIT(&ext_list);
100 		initialized = 1;
101 	}
102 
103 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
104 	LIST_FOREACH(ep, &ext_list, ex_link) {
105 		if (ep == ex)
106 			panic("extent_register: already registered");
107 	}
108 #endif
109 
110 	/* Insert into list */
111 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&ext_list, ex, ex_link);
112 }
113 
114 struct pool ex_region_pl;
115 
116 static void
117 extent_pool_init(void)
118 {
119 	static int inited;
120 
121 	if (!inited) {
122 		pool_init(&ex_region_pl, sizeof(struct extent_region), 0, 0, 0,
123 		    "extentpl", NULL);
124 		inited = 1;
125 	}
126 }
127 
128 /*
129  * Find a given extent, and return a pointer to
130  * it so that other extent functions can be used
131  * on it.
132  *
133  * Returns NULL on failure.
134  */
135 struct extent *
136 extent_find(name)
137 	char *name;
138 {
139 	struct extent *ep;
140 
141 	LIST_FOREACH(ep, &ext_list, ex_link) {
142 		if (!strcmp(ep->ex_name, name))
143 			return(ep);
144 	}
145 
146 	return(NULL);
147 }
148 
149 #ifdef DDB
150 /*
151  * Print out all extents registered.  This is used in
152  * DDB show extents
153  */
154 void
155 extent_print_all(void)
156 {
157 	struct extent *ep;
158 
159 	LIST_FOREACH(ep, &ext_list, ex_link) {
160 		extent_print(ep);
161 	}
162 }
163 #endif
164 
165 /*
166  * Allocate and initialize an extent map.
167  */
168 struct extent *
169 extent_create(name, start, end, mtype, storage, storagesize, flags)
170 	char *name;
171 	u_long start, end;
172 	int mtype;
173 	caddr_t storage;
174 	size_t storagesize;
175 	int flags;
176 {
177 	struct extent *ex;
178 	caddr_t cp = storage;
179 	size_t sz = storagesize;
180 	struct extent_region *rp;
181 	int fixed_extent = (storage != NULL);
182 
183 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
184 	/* Check arguments. */
185 	if (name == NULL)
186 		panic("extent_create: name == NULL");
187 	if (end < start) {
188 		printf("extent_create: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n",
189 		    name, start, end);
190 		panic("extent_create: end < start");
191 	}
192 	if (fixed_extent && (storagesize < sizeof(struct extent_fixed)))
193 		panic("extent_create: fixed extent, bad storagesize 0x%lx",
194 		    (u_long)storagesize);
195 	if (fixed_extent == 0 && (storagesize != 0 || storage != NULL))
196 		panic("extent_create: storage provided for non-fixed");
197 #endif
198 
199 	extent_pool_init();
200 
201 	/* Allocate extent descriptor. */
202 	if (fixed_extent) {
203 		struct extent_fixed *fex;
204 
205 		bzero(storage, storagesize);
206 
207 		/*
208 		 * Align all descriptors on "long" boundaries.
209 		 */
210 		fex = (struct extent_fixed *)cp;
211 		ex = (struct extent *)fex;
212 		cp += ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_fixed));
213 		sz -= ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_fixed));
214 		fex->fex_storage = storage;
215 		fex->fex_storagesize = storagesize;
216 
217 		/*
218 		 * In a fixed extent, we have to pre-allocate region
219 		 * descriptors and place them in the extent's freelist.
220 		 */
221 		LIST_INIT(&fex->fex_freelist);
222 		while (sz >= ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_region))) {
223 			rp = (struct extent_region *)cp;
224 			cp += ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_region));
225 			sz -= ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_region));
226 			LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&fex->fex_freelist, rp, er_link);
227 		}
228 	} else {
229 		ex = (struct extent *)malloc(sizeof(struct extent),
230 		    mtype, (flags & EX_WAITOK) ? M_WAITOK : M_NOWAIT);
231 		if (ex == NULL)
232 			return (NULL);
233 	}
234 
235 	/* Fill in the extent descriptor and return it to the caller. */
236 	LIST_INIT(&ex->ex_regions);
237 	ex->ex_name = name;
238 	ex->ex_start = start;
239 	ex->ex_end = end;
240 	ex->ex_mtype = mtype;
241 	ex->ex_flags = 0;
242 	if (fixed_extent)
243 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_FIXED;
244 	if (flags & EX_NOCOALESCE)
245 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_NOCOALESCE;
246 
247 	extent_register(ex);
248 	return (ex);
249 }
250 
251 /*
252  * Destroy an extent map.
253  */
254 void
255 extent_destroy(ex)
256 	struct extent *ex;
257 {
258 	struct extent_region *rp, *orp;
259 
260 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
261 	/* Check arguments. */
262 	if (ex == NULL)
263 		panic("extent_destroy: NULL extent");
264 #endif
265 
266 	/* Free all region descriptors in extent. */
267 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL; ) {
268 		orp = rp;
269 		rp = rp->er_link.le_next;
270 		LIST_REMOVE(orp, er_link);
271 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, orp);
272 	}
273 
274 	/* Remove from the list of all extents. */
275 	LIST_REMOVE(ex, ex_link);
276 
277 	/* If we're not a fixed extent, free the extent descriptor itself. */
278 	if ((ex->ex_flags & EXF_FIXED) == 0)
279 		free(ex, ex->ex_mtype);
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Insert a region descriptor into the sorted region list after the
284  * entry "after" or at the head of the list (if "after" is NULL).
285  * The region descriptor we insert is passed in "rp".  We must
286  * allocate the region descriptor before calling this function!
287  * If we don't need the region descriptor, it will be freed here.
288  */
289 static void
290 extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, start, size, flags, after, rp)
291 	struct extent *ex;
292 	u_long start, size;
293 	int flags;
294 	struct extent_region *after, *rp;
295 {
296 	struct extent_region *nextr;
297 	int appended = 0;
298 
299 	if (after == NULL) {
300 		/*
301 		 * We're the first in the region list.  If there's
302 		 * a region after us, attempt to coalesce to save
303 		 * descriptor overhead.
304 		 */
305 		if (((ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOCOALESCE) == 0) &&
306 		    (ex->ex_regions.lh_first != NULL) &&
307 		    ((start + size) == ex->ex_regions.lh_first->er_start)) {
308 			/*
309 			 * We can coalesce.  Prepend us to the first region.
310 			 */
311 			ex->ex_regions.lh_first->er_start = start;
312 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp);
313 			return;
314 		}
315 
316 		/*
317 		 * Can't coalesce.  Fill in the region descriptor
318 		 * in, and insert us at the head of the region list.
319 		 */
320 		rp->er_start = start;
321 		rp->er_end = start + (size - 1);
322 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&ex->ex_regions, rp, er_link);
323 		return;
324 	}
325 
326 	/*
327 	 * If EXF_NOCOALESCE is set, coalescing is disallowed.
328 	 */
329 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOCOALESCE)
330 		goto cant_coalesce;
331 
332 	/*
333 	 * Attempt to coalesce with the region before us.
334 	 */
335 	if ((after->er_end + 1) == start) {
336 		/*
337 		 * We can coalesce.  Append ourselves and make
338 		 * note of it.
339 		 */
340 		after->er_end = start + (size - 1);
341 		appended = 1;
342 	}
343 
344 	/*
345 	 * Attempt to coalesce with the region after us.
346 	 */
347 	if ((after->er_link.le_next != NULL) &&
348 	    ((start + size) == after->er_link.le_next->er_start)) {
349 		/*
350 		 * We can coalesce.  Note that if we appended ourselves
351 		 * to the previous region, we exactly fit the gap, and
352 		 * can free the "next" region descriptor.
353 		 */
354 		if (appended) {
355 			/*
356 			 * Yup, we can free it up.
357 			 */
358 			after->er_end = after->er_link.le_next->er_end;
359 			nextr = after->er_link.le_next;
360 			LIST_REMOVE(nextr, er_link);
361 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, nextr);
362 		} else {
363 			/*
364 			 * Nope, just prepend us to the next region.
365 			 */
366 			after->er_link.le_next->er_start = start;
367 		}
368 
369 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp);
370 		return;
371 	}
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * We weren't able to coalesce with the next region, but
375 	 * we don't need to allocate a region descriptor if we
376 	 * appended ourselves to the previous region.
377 	 */
378 	if (appended) {
379 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp);
380 		return;
381 	}
382 
383  cant_coalesce:
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Fill in the region descriptor and insert ourselves
387 	 * into the region list.
388 	 */
389 	rp->er_start = start;
390 	rp->er_end = start + (size - 1);
391 	LIST_INSERT_AFTER(after, rp, er_link);
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * Allocate a specific region in an extent map.
396  */
397 int
398 extent_alloc_region(ex, start, size, flags)
399 	struct extent *ex;
400 	u_long start, size;
401 	int flags;
402 {
403 	struct extent_region *rp, *last, *myrp;
404 	u_long end = start + (size - 1);
405 	int error;
406 
407 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
408 	/* Check arguments. */
409 	if (ex == NULL)
410 		panic("extent_alloc_region: NULL extent");
411 	if (size < 1) {
412 		printf("extent_alloc_region: extent `%s', size 0x%lx\n",
413 		    ex->ex_name, size);
414 		panic("extent_alloc_region: bad size");
415 	}
416 	if (end < start) {
417 		printf(
418 		 "extent_alloc_region: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
419 		 ex->ex_name, start, size);
420 		panic("extent_alloc_region: overflow");
421 	}
422 #endif
423 
424 	/*
425 	 * Make sure the requested region lies within the
426 	 * extent.
427 	 */
428 	if ((start < ex->ex_start) || (end > ex->ex_end)) {
429 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
430 		printf("extent_alloc_region: extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx)\n",
431 		    ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end);
432 		printf("extent_alloc_region: start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n",
433 		    start, end);
434 		panic("extent_alloc_region: region lies outside extent");
435 #else
436 		return (EINVAL);
437 #endif
438 	}
439 
440 	/*
441 	 * Allocate the region descriptor.  It will be freed later
442 	 * if we can coalesce with another region.
443 	 */
444 	myrp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
445 	if (myrp == NULL) {
446 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
447 		printf(
448 		    "extent_alloc_region: can't allocate region descriptor\n");
449 #endif
450 		return (ENOMEM);
451 	}
452 
453  alloc_start:
454 	/*
455 	 * Attempt to place ourselves in the desired area of the
456 	 * extent.  We save ourselves some work by keeping the list sorted.
457 	 * In other words, if the start of the current region is greater
458 	 * than the end of our region, we don't have to search any further.
459 	 */
460 
461 	/*
462 	 * Keep a pointer to the last region we looked at so
463 	 * that we don't have to traverse the list again when
464 	 * we insert ourselves.  If "last" is NULL when we
465 	 * finally insert ourselves, we go at the head of the
466 	 * list.  See extent_insert_and_optimize() for details.
467 	 */
468 	last = NULL;
469 
470 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
471 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
472 		if (rp->er_start > end) {
473 			/*
474 			 * We lie before this region and don't
475 			 * conflict.
476 			 */
477 			break;
478 		}
479 
480 		/*
481 		 * The current region begins before we end.
482 		 * Check for a conflict.
483 		 */
484 		if (rp->er_end >= start) {
485 			/*
486 			 * We conflict.  If we can (and want to) wait,
487 			 * do so.
488 			 */
489 			if (flags & EX_WAITSPACE) {
490 				ex->ex_flags |= EXF_WANTED;
491 				error = tsleep(ex,
492 				    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0),
493 				    "extnt", 0);
494 				if (error)
495 					return (error);
496 				goto alloc_start;
497 			}
498 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, myrp);
499 			return (EAGAIN);
500 		}
501 		/*
502 		 * We don't conflict, but this region lies before
503 		 * us.  Keep a pointer to this region, and keep
504 		 * trying.
505 		 */
506 		last = rp;
507 	}
508 
509 	/*
510 	 * We don't conflict with any regions.  "last" points
511 	 * to the region we fall after, or is NULL if we belong
512 	 * at the beginning of the region list.  Insert ourselves.
513 	 */
514 	extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, start, size, flags, last, myrp);
515 	return (0);
516 }
517 
518 /*
519  * Macro to check (x + y) <= z.  This check is designed to fail
520  * if an overflow occurs.
521  */
522 #define LE_OV(x, y, z)	((((x) + (y)) >= (x)) && (((x) + (y)) <= (z)))
523 
524 /*
525  * Allocate a region in an extent map subregion.
526  *
527  * If EX_FAST is specified, we return the first fit in the map.
528  * Otherwise, we try to minimize fragmentation by finding the
529  * smallest gap that will hold the request.
530  *
531  * The allocated region is aligned to "alignment", which must be
532  * a power of 2.
533  */
534 int
535 extent_alloc_subregion(ex, substart, subend, size, alignment, skew, boundary,
536     flags, result)
537 	struct extent *ex;
538 	u_long substart, subend, size, alignment, skew, boundary;
539 	int flags;
540 	u_long *result;
541 {
542 	struct extent_region *rp, *myrp, *last, *bestlast;
543 	u_long newstart, newend, exend, beststart, bestovh, ovh;
544 	u_long dontcross;
545 	int error;
546 
547 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
548 	/* Check arguments. */
549 	if (ex == NULL)
550 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: NULL extent");
551 	if (result == NULL)
552 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: NULL result pointer");
553 	if ((substart < ex->ex_start) || (substart > ex->ex_end) ||
554 	    (subend > ex->ex_end) || (subend < ex->ex_start)) {
555   printf("extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', ex_start 0x%lx, ex_end 0x%lx\n",
556 		    ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end);
557 		printf("extent_alloc_subregion: substart 0x%lx, subend 0x%lx\n",
558 		    substart, subend);
559 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad subregion");
560 	}
561 	if ((size < 1) || ((size - 1) > (subend - substart))) {
562 		printf("extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', size 0x%lx\n",
563 		    ex->ex_name, size);
564 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad size");
565 	}
566 	if (alignment == 0)
567 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad alignment");
568 	if (boundary && (boundary < size)) {
569 		printf(
570 		    "extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', size 0x%lx, "
571 		    "boundary 0x%lx\n", ex->ex_name, size, boundary);
572 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad boundary");
573 	}
574 #endif
575 
576 	/*
577 	 * Allocate the region descriptor.  It will be freed later
578 	 * if we can coalesce with another region.
579 	 */
580 	myrp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
581 	if (myrp == NULL) {
582 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
583 		printf(
584 		 "extent_alloc_subregion: can't allocate region descriptor\n");
585 #endif
586 		return (ENOMEM);
587 	}
588 
589  alloc_start:
590 	/*
591 	 * Keep a pointer to the last region we looked at so
592 	 * that we don't have to traverse the list again when
593 	 * we insert ourselves.  If "last" is NULL when we
594 	 * finally insert ourselves, we go at the head of the
595 	 * list.  See extent_insert_and_optimize() for deatails.
596 	 */
597 	last = NULL;
598 
599 	/*
600 	 * Keep track of size and location of the smallest
601 	 * chunk we fit in.
602 	 *
603 	 * Since the extent can be as large as the numeric range
604 	 * of the CPU (0 - 0xffffffff for 32-bit systems), the
605 	 * best overhead value can be the maximum unsigned integer.
606 	 * Thus, we initialize "bestovh" to 0, since we insert ourselves
607 	 * into the region list immediately on an exact match (which
608 	 * is the only case where "bestovh" would be set to 0).
609 	 */
610 	bestovh = 0;
611 	beststart = 0;
612 	bestlast = NULL;
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * Keep track of end of free region.  This is either the end of extent
616 	 * or the start of a region past the subend.
617 	 */
618 	exend = ex->ex_end;
619 
620 	/*
621 	 * For N allocated regions, we must make (N + 1)
622 	 * checks for unallocated space.  The first chunk we
623 	 * check is the area from the beginning of the subregion
624 	 * to the first allocated region after that point.
625 	 */
626 	newstart = EXTENT_ALIGN(substart, alignment, skew);
627 	if (newstart < ex->ex_start) {
628 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
629 		printf(
630       "extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx), alignment 0x%lx\n",
631 		 ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end, alignment);
632 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: overflow after alignment");
633 #else
634 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, myrp);
635 		return (EINVAL);
636 #endif
637 	}
638 
639 	/*
640 	 * Find the first allocated region that begins on or after
641 	 * the subregion start, advancing the "last" pointer along
642 	 * the way.
643 	 */
644 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
645 	     rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
646 		if (rp->er_start >= newstart)
647 			break;
648 		last = rp;
649 	}
650 
651 	/*
652 	 * Relocate the start of our candidate region to the end of
653 	 * the last allocated region (if there was one overlapping
654 	 * our subrange).
655 	 */
656 	if (last != NULL && last->er_end >= newstart)
657 		newstart = EXTENT_ALIGN((last->er_end + 1), alignment, skew);
658 
659 	for (; rp != NULL; rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
660 		/*
661 		 * If the region pasts the subend, bail out and see
662 		 * if we fit against the subend.
663 		 */
664 		if (rp->er_start >= subend) {
665 			exend = rp->er_start;
666 			break;
667 		}
668 
669 		/*
670 		 * Check the chunk before "rp".  Note that our
671 		 * comparison is safe from overflow conditions.
672 		 */
673 		if (LE_OV(newstart, size, rp->er_start)) {
674 			/*
675 			 * Do a boundary check, if necessary.  Note
676 			 * that a region may *begin* on the boundary,
677 			 * but it must end before the boundary.
678 			 */
679 			if (boundary) {
680 				newend = newstart + (size - 1);
681 
682 				/*
683 				 * Calculate the next boundary after the start
684 				 * of this region.
685 				 */
686 				dontcross = EXTENT_ALIGN(newstart+1, boundary,
687 				    (flags & EX_BOUNDZERO) ? 0 : ex->ex_start)
688 				    - 1;
689 
690 #if 0
691 				printf("newstart=%lx newend=%lx ex_start=%lx ex_end=%lx boundary=%lx dontcross=%lx\n",
692 				    newstart, newend, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end,
693 				    boundary, dontcross);
694 #endif
695 
696 				/* Check for overflow */
697 				if (dontcross < ex->ex_start)
698 					dontcross = ex->ex_end;
699 				else if (newend > dontcross) {
700 					/*
701 					 * Candidate region crosses boundary.
702 					 * Throw away the leading part and see
703 					 * if we still fit.
704 					 */
705 					newstart = dontcross + 1;
706 					newend = newstart + (size - 1);
707 					dontcross += boundary;
708 					if (!LE_OV(newstart, size, rp->er_start))
709 						goto skip;
710 				}
711 
712 				/*
713 				 * If we run past the end of
714 				 * the extent or the boundary
715 				 * overflows, then the request
716 				 * can't fit.
717 				 */
718 				if (newstart + size - 1 > ex->ex_end ||
719 				    dontcross < newstart)
720 					goto fail;
721 			}
722 
723 			/*
724 			 * We would fit into this space.  Calculate
725 			 * the overhead (wasted space).  If we exactly
726 			 * fit, or we're taking the first fit, insert
727 			 * ourselves into the region list.
728 			 */
729 			ovh = rp->er_start - newstart - size;
730 			if ((flags & EX_FAST) || (ovh == 0))
731 				goto found;
732 
733 			/*
734 			 * Don't exactly fit, but check to see
735 			 * if we're better than any current choice.
736 			 */
737 			if ((bestovh == 0) || (ovh < bestovh)) {
738 				bestovh = ovh;
739 				beststart = newstart;
740 				bestlast = last;
741 			}
742 		}
743 
744 skip:
745 		/*
746 		 * Skip past the current region and check again.
747 		 */
748 		newstart = EXTENT_ALIGN((rp->er_end + 1), alignment, skew);
749 		if (newstart < rp->er_end) {
750 			/*
751 			 * Overflow condition.  Don't error out, since
752 			 * we might have a chunk of space that we can
753 			 * use.
754 			 */
755 			goto fail;
756 		}
757 
758 		last = rp;
759 	}
760 
761 	/*
762 	 * The final check is from the current starting point to the
763 	 * end of the subregion.  If there were no allocated regions,
764 	 * "newstart" is set to the beginning of the subregion, or
765 	 * just past the end of the last allocated region, adjusted
766 	 * for alignment in either case.
767 	 */
768 	if (LE_OV(newstart, (size - 1), subend)) {
769 		/*
770 		 * Do a boundary check, if necessary.  Note
771 		 * that a region may *begin* on the boundary,
772 		 * but it must end before the boundary.
773 		 */
774 		if (boundary) {
775 			newend = newstart + (size - 1);
776 
777 			/*
778 			 * Calculate the next boundary after the start
779 			 * of this region.
780 			 */
781 			dontcross = EXTENT_ALIGN(newstart+1, boundary,
782 			    (flags & EX_BOUNDZERO) ? 0 : ex->ex_start)
783 			    - 1;
784 
785 #if 0
786 			printf("newstart=%lx newend=%lx ex_start=%lx ex_end=%lx boundary=%lx dontcross=%lx\n",
787 			    newstart, newend, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end,
788 			    boundary, dontcross);
789 #endif
790 
791 			/* Check for overflow */
792 			if (dontcross < ex->ex_start)
793 				dontcross = ex->ex_end;
794 			else if (newend > dontcross) {
795 				/*
796 				 * Candidate region crosses boundary.
797 				 * Throw away the leading part and see
798 				 * if we still fit.
799 				 */
800 				newstart = dontcross + 1;
801 				newend = newstart + (size - 1);
802 				dontcross += boundary;
803 				if (!LE_OV(newstart, (size - 1), subend))
804 					goto fail;
805 			}
806 
807 			/*
808 			 * If we run past the end of
809 			 * the extent or the boundary
810 			 * overflows, then the request
811 			 * can't fit.
812 			 */
813 			if (newstart + size - 1 > ex->ex_end ||
814 			    dontcross < newstart)
815 				goto fail;
816 		}
817 
818 		/*
819 		 * We would fit into this space.  Calculate
820 		 * the overhead (wasted space).  If we exactly
821 		 * fit, or we're taking the first fit, insert
822 		 * ourselves into the region list.
823 		 */
824 		ovh = exend - newstart - (size - 1);
825 		if ((flags & EX_FAST) || (ovh == 0))
826 			goto found;
827 
828 		/*
829 		 * Don't exactly fit, but check to see
830 		 * if we're better than any current choice.
831 		 */
832 		if ((bestovh == 0) || (ovh < bestovh)) {
833 			bestovh = ovh;
834 			beststart = newstart;
835 			bestlast = last;
836 		}
837 	}
838 
839  fail:
840 	/*
841 	 * One of the following two conditions have
842 	 * occurred:
843 	 *
844 	 *	There is no chunk large enough to hold the request.
845 	 *
846 	 *	If EX_FAST was not specified, there is not an
847 	 *	exact match for the request.
848 	 *
849 	 * Note that if we reach this point and EX_FAST is
850 	 * set, then we know there is no space in the extent for
851 	 * the request.
852 	 */
853 	if (((flags & EX_FAST) == 0) && (bestovh != 0)) {
854 		/*
855 		 * We have a match that's "good enough".
856 		 */
857 		newstart = beststart;
858 		last = bestlast;
859 		goto found;
860 	}
861 
862 	/*
863 	 * No space currently available.  Wait for it to free up,
864 	 * if possible.
865 	 */
866 	if (flags & EX_WAITSPACE) {
867 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_WANTED;
868 		error = tsleep(ex,
869 		    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0), "extnt", 0);
870 		if (error)
871 			return (error);
872 		goto alloc_start;
873 	}
874 
875 	extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, myrp);
876 	return (EAGAIN);
877 
878  found:
879 	/*
880 	 * Insert ourselves into the region list.
881 	 */
882 	extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, newstart, size, flags, last, myrp);
883 	*result = newstart;
884 	return (0);
885 }
886 
887 int
888 extent_free(ex, start, size, flags)
889 	struct extent *ex;
890 	u_long start, size;
891 	int flags;
892 {
893 	struct extent_region *rp, *nrp = NULL;
894 	u_long end = start + (size - 1);
895 	int exflags;
896 
897 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
898 	/* Check arguments. */
899 	if (ex == NULL)
900 		panic("extent_free: NULL extent");
901 	if ((start < ex->ex_start) || (start > ex->ex_end)) {
902 		extent_print(ex);
903 		printf("extent_free: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
904 		    ex->ex_name, start, size);
905 		panic("extent_free: extent `%s', region not within extent",
906 		    ex->ex_name);
907 	}
908 	/* Check for an overflow. */
909 	if (end < start) {
910 		extent_print(ex);
911 		printf("extent_free: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
912 		    ex->ex_name, start, size);
913 		panic("extent_free: overflow");
914 	}
915 #endif
916 
917 	/*
918 	 * If we're allowing coalescing, we must allocate a region
919 	 * descriptor now, since it might block.
920 	 *
921 	 * XXX Make a static, create-time flags word, so we don't
922 	 * XXX have to lock to read it!
923 	 */
924 	exflags = ex->ex_flags;
925 
926 	if ((exflags & EXF_NOCOALESCE) == 0) {
927 		/* Allocate a region descriptor. */
928 		nrp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
929 		if (nrp == NULL)
930 			return (ENOMEM);
931 	}
932 
933 	/*
934 	 * Find region and deallocate.  Several possibilities:
935 	 *
936 	 *	1. (start == er_start) && (end == er_end):
937 	 *	   Free descriptor.
938 	 *
939 	 *	2. (start == er_start) && (end < er_end):
940 	 *	   Adjust er_start.
941 	 *
942 	 *	3. (start > er_start) && (end == er_end):
943 	 *	   Adjust er_end.
944 	 *
945 	 *	4. (start > er_start) && (end < er_end):
946 	 *	   Fragment region.  Requires descriptor alloc.
947 	 *
948 	 * Cases 2, 3, and 4 require that the EXF_NOCOALESCE flag
949 	 * is not set.
950 	 */
951 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
952 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
953 		/*
954 		 * Save ourselves some comparisons; does the current
955 		 * region end before chunk to be freed begins?  If so,
956 		 * then we haven't found the appropriate region descriptor.
957 		 */
958 		if (rp->er_end < start)
959 			continue;
960 
961 		/*
962 		 * Save ourselves some traversal; does the current
963 		 * region begin after the chunk to be freed ends?  If so,
964 		 * then we've already passed any possible region descriptors
965 		 * that might have contained the chunk to be freed.
966 		 */
967 		if (rp->er_start > end)
968 			break;
969 
970 		/* Case 1. */
971 		if ((start == rp->er_start) && (end == rp->er_end)) {
972 			LIST_REMOVE(rp, er_link);
973 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp);
974 			goto done;
975 		}
976 
977 		/*
978 		 * The following cases all require that EXF_NOCOALESCE
979 		 * is not set.
980 		 */
981 		if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOCOALESCE)
982 			continue;
983 
984 		/* Case 2. */
985 		if ((start == rp->er_start) && (end < rp->er_end)) {
986 			rp->er_start = (end + 1);
987 			goto done;
988 		}
989 
990 		/* Case 3. */
991 		if ((start > rp->er_start) && (end == rp->er_end)) {
992 			rp->er_end = (start - 1);
993 			goto done;
994 		}
995 
996 		/* Case 4. */
997 		if ((start > rp->er_start) && (end < rp->er_end)) {
998 			/* Fill in new descriptor. */
999 			nrp->er_start = end + 1;
1000 			nrp->er_end = rp->er_end;
1001 
1002 			/* Adjust current descriptor. */
1003 			rp->er_end = start - 1;
1004 
1005 			/* Insert new descriptor after current. */
1006 			LIST_INSERT_AFTER(rp, nrp, er_link);
1007 
1008 			/* We used the new descriptor, so don't free it below */
1009 			nrp = NULL;
1010 			goto done;
1011 		}
1012 	}
1013 
1014 	/* Region not found, or request otherwise invalid. */
1015 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(DDB)
1016 	extent_print(ex);
1017 #endif
1018 	printf("extent_free: start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n", start, end);
1019 	panic("extent_free: region not found");
1020 
1021  done:
1022 	if (nrp != NULL)
1023 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, nrp);
1024 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_WANTED) {
1025 		ex->ex_flags &= ~EXF_WANTED;
1026 		wakeup(ex);
1027 	}
1028 	return (0);
1029 }
1030 
1031 static struct extent_region *
1032 extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags)
1033 	struct extent *ex;
1034 	int flags;
1035 {
1036 	struct extent_region *rp;
1037 	int s;
1038 
1039 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FIXED) {
1040 		struct extent_fixed *fex = (struct extent_fixed *)ex;
1041 
1042 		while (fex->fex_freelist.lh_first == NULL) {
1043 			if (flags & EX_MALLOCOK)
1044 				goto alloc;
1045 
1046 			if ((flags & EX_WAITOK) == 0)
1047 				return (NULL);
1048 			ex->ex_flags |= EXF_FLWANTED;
1049 			if (tsleep(&fex->fex_freelist,
1050 			    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0),
1051 			    "extnt", 0))
1052 				return (NULL);
1053 		}
1054 		rp = fex->fex_freelist.lh_first;
1055 		LIST_REMOVE(rp, er_link);
1056 
1057 		/*
1058 		 * Don't muck with flags after pulling it off the
1059 		 * freelist; it may be a dynamiclly allocated
1060 		 * region pointer that was kindly given to us,
1061 		 * and we need to preserve that information.
1062 		 */
1063 
1064 		return (rp);
1065 	}
1066 
1067  alloc:
1068 	s = splvm();
1069 	rp = pool_get(&ex_region_pl, (flags & EX_WAITOK) ? PR_WAITOK : 0);
1070 	splx(s);
1071 	if (rp != NULL)
1072 		rp->er_flags = ER_ALLOC;
1073 
1074 	return (rp);
1075 }
1076 
1077 static void
1078 extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp)
1079 	struct extent *ex;
1080 	struct extent_region *rp;
1081 {
1082 	int s;
1083 
1084 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FIXED) {
1085 		struct extent_fixed *fex = (struct extent_fixed *)ex;
1086 
1087 		/*
1088 		 * If someone's waiting for a region descriptor,
1089 		 * be nice and give them this one, rather than
1090 		 * just free'ing it back to the system.
1091 		 */
1092 		if (rp->er_flags & ER_ALLOC) {
1093 			if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FLWANTED) {
1094 				/* Clear all but ER_ALLOC flag. */
1095 				rp->er_flags = ER_ALLOC;
1096 				LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&fex->fex_freelist, rp,
1097 				    er_link);
1098 				goto wake_em_up;
1099 			} else {
1100 				s = splvm();
1101 				pool_put(&ex_region_pl, rp);
1102 				splx(s);
1103 			}
1104 		} else {
1105 			/* Clear all flags. */
1106 			rp->er_flags = 0;
1107 			LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&fex->fex_freelist, rp, er_link);
1108 		}
1109 
1110 		if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FLWANTED) {
1111  wake_em_up:
1112 			ex->ex_flags &= ~EXF_FLWANTED;
1113 			wakeup(&fex->fex_freelist);
1114 		}
1115 		return;
1116 	}
1117 
1118 	/*
1119 	 * We know it's dynamically allocated if we get here.
1120 	 */
1121 	s = splvm();
1122 	pool_put(&ex_region_pl, rp);
1123 	splx(s);
1124 }
1125 
1126 #ifndef DDB
1127 #define db_printf printf
1128 #endif
1129 
1130 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(DDB)
1131 void
1132 extent_print(ex)
1133 	struct extent *ex;
1134 {
1135 	struct extent_region *rp;
1136 
1137 	if (ex == NULL)
1138 		panic("extent_print: NULL extent");
1139 
1140 	db_printf("extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx), flags=%b\n", ex->ex_name,
1141 	    ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end, ex->ex_flags, EXF_BITS);
1142 
1143 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
1144 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next)
1145 		db_printf("     0x%lx - 0x%lx\n", rp->er_start, rp->er_end);
1146 }
1147 #endif
1148