xref: /openbsd-src/sys/kern/init_main.c (revision e5157e49389faebcb42b7237d55fbf096d9c2523)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.224 2014/11/16 12:31:00 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.
6  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
7  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
8  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
9  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
10  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
11  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
12  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
13  *
14  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
15  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16  * are met:
17  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
19  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
21  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
22  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24  *    without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  *
38  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/core.h>
43 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
44 #include <sys/file.h>
45 #include <sys/errno.h>
46 #include <sys/exec.h>
47 #include <sys/kernel.h>
48 #include <sys/kthread.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/proc.h>
51 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
52 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
53 #include <sys/systm.h>
54 #include <sys/namei.h>
55 #include <sys/vnode.h>
56 #include <sys/tty.h>
57 #include <sys/conf.h>
58 #include <sys/buf.h>
59 #include <sys/device.h>
60 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
61 #include <sys/lockf.h>
62 #include <sys/protosw.h>
63 #include <sys/reboot.h>
64 #include <sys/user.h>
65 #ifdef SYSVSHM
66 #include <sys/shm.h>
67 #endif
68 #ifdef SYSVSEM
69 #include <sys/sem.h>
70 #endif
71 #ifdef SYSVMSG
72 #include <sys/msg.h>
73 #endif
74 #include <sys/domain.h>
75 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
76 #include <sys/pipe.h>
77 #include <sys/workq.h>
78 #include <sys/task.h>
79 
80 #include <sys/syscall.h>
81 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
82 
83 #include <dev/rndvar.h>
84 
85 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
86 
87 #include <net/if.h>
88 #include <net/netisr.h>
89 
90 #if defined(CRYPTO)
91 #include <crypto/cryptodev.h>
92 #include <crypto/cryptosoft.h>
93 #endif
94 
95 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT)
96 extern void nfs_init(void);
97 #endif
98 
99 #include "mpath.h"
100 #include "vscsi.h"
101 #include "softraid.h"
102 
103 const char	copyright[] =
104 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n"
105 "\tThe Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n"
106 "Copyright (c) 1995-2014 OpenBSD. All rights reserved.  http://www.OpenBSD.org\n";
107 
108 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
109 struct	session session0;
110 struct	pgrp pgrp0;
111 struct	proc proc0;
112 struct	process process0;
113 struct	plimit limit0;
114 struct	vmspace vmspace0;
115 struct	sigacts sigacts0;
116 struct	process *initprocess;
117 struct	proc *reaperproc;
118 
119 #ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
120 extern struct timeout setperf_to;
121 void setperf_auto(void *);
122 #endif
123 
124 int	cmask = CMASK;
125 extern	struct user *proc0paddr;
126 
127 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
128 int	boothowto;
129 struct	timespec boottime;
130 int	ncpus =  1;
131 int	ncpusfound = 1;			/* number of cpus we find */
132 volatile int start_init_exec;		/* semaphore for start_init() */
133 
134 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE)
135 long	__guard_local __attribute__((section(".openbsd.randomdata")));
136 #endif
137 
138 /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */
139 int	main(void *);
140 void	check_console(struct proc *);
141 void	start_init(void *);
142 void	start_cleaner(void *);
143 void	start_update(void *);
144 void	start_reaper(void *);
145 void	crypto_init(void);
146 void	init_exec(void);
147 void	kqueue_init(void);
148 void	workq_init(void);
149 void	taskq_init(void);
150 
151 extern char sigcode[], esigcode[];
152 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG
153 extern char *syscallnames[];
154 #endif
155 
156 struct emul emul_native = {
157 	"native",
158 	NULL,
159 	sendsig,
160 	SYS_syscall,
161 	SYS_MAXSYSCALL,
162 	sysent,
163 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG
164 	syscallnames,
165 #else
166 	NULL,
167 #endif
168 	0,
169 	copyargs,
170 	setregs,
171 	NULL,
172 	coredump_trad,
173 	sigcode,
174 	esigcode,
175 	EMUL_ENABLED | EMUL_NATIVE,
176 };
177 
178 
179 /*
180  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
181  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
182  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
183  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
184  */
185 /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */
186 int
187 main(void *framep)
188 {
189 	struct proc *p;
190 	struct process *pr;
191 	struct pdevinit *pdev;
192 	quad_t lim;
193 	int s, i;
194 	extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[];
195 	extern void disk_init(void);
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before
199 	 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing.
200 	 */
201 	curproc = p = &proc0;
202 	p->p_cpu = curcpu();
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * Initialize timeouts.
206 	 */
207 	timeout_startup();
208 
209 	/*
210 	 * Attempt to find console and initialize
211 	 * in case of early panic or other messages.
212 	 */
213 	config_init();		/* init autoconfiguration data structures */
214 	consinit();
215 
216 	printf("%s\n", copyright);
217 
218 	KERNEL_LOCK_INIT();
219 	SCHED_LOCK_INIT();
220 
221 	uvm_init();
222 	disk_init();		/* must come before autoconfiguration */
223 	tty_init();		/* initialise tty's */
224 	cpu_startup();
225 
226 	random_start();		/* Start the flow */
227 
228 	/*
229 	 * Initialize mbuf's.  Do this now because we might attempt to
230 	 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration.
231 	 */
232 	mbinit();
233 
234 	/* Initialize sockets. */
235 	soinit();
236 
237 	/*
238 	 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
239 	 */
240 	procinit();
241 
242 	/* Initialize file locking. */
243 	lf_init();
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * Initialize filedescriptors.
247 	 */
248 	filedesc_init();
249 
250 	/*
251 	 * Initialize pipes.
252 	 */
253 	pipe_init();
254 
255 	/*
256 	 * Initialize kqueues.
257 	 */
258 	kqueue_init();
259 
260 	/*
261 	 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
262 	 */
263 
264 	process0.ps_mainproc = p;
265 	TAILQ_INIT(&process0.ps_threads);
266 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&process0.ps_threads, p, p_thr_link);
267 	process0.ps_refcnt = 1;
268 	p->p_p = pr = &process0;
269 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allprocess, pr, ps_list);
270 	atomic_setbits_int(&pr->ps_flags, PS_SYSTEM);
271 
272 	/* Set the default routing table/domain. */
273 	process0.ps_rtableid = 0;
274 
275 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
276 	pr->ps_pgrp = &pgrp0;
277 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash);
278 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
279 	LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
280 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, pr, ps_pglist);
281 
282 	pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
283 	session0.s_count = 1;
284 	session0.s_leader = pr;
285 
286 	atomic_setbits_int(&p->p_flag, P_SYSTEM);
287 	p->p_stat = SONPROC;
288 	pr->ps_nice = NZERO;
289 	pr->ps_emul = &emul_native;
290 	bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
291 
292 	/* Init timeouts. */
293 	timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p);
294 	timeout_set(&pr->ps_realit_to, realitexpire, pr);
295 
296 	/* Create credentials. */
297 	pr->ps_ucred = crget();
298 	pr->ps_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1;	/* group 0 */
299 
300 	p->p_ucred = pr->ps_ucred;	/* prime the thread's cache */
301 	crhold(p->p_ucred);
302 
303 	/* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
304 	signal_init();
305 	pr->ps_sigacts = &sigacts0;
306 	siginit(pr);
307 
308 	/* Create the file descriptor table. */
309 	p->p_fd = pr->ps_fd = fdinit();
310 
311 	/* Create the limits structures. */
312 	pr->ps_limit = &limit0;
313 	for (i = 0; i < nitems(p->p_rlimit); i++)
314 		limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
315 		    limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
316 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE;
317 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = MIN(NOFILE_MAX,
318 	    (maxfiles - NOFILE > NOFILE) ?  maxfiles - NOFILE : NOFILE);
319 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC;
320 	lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free);
321 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim;
322 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim;
323 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3;
324 	limit0.p_refcnt = 1;
325 
326 	/* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
327 	uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS),
328 	    trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE, TRUE);
329 	p->p_vmspace = pr->ps_vmspace = &vmspace0;
330 
331 	p->p_addr = proc0paddr;				/* XXX */
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * Charge root for one process.
335 	 */
336 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
337 
338 	/* Initialize run queues */
339 	sched_init_runqueues();
340 	sleep_queue_init();
341 	sched_init_cpu(curcpu());
342 	p->p_cpu->ci_randseed = (arc4random() & 0x7fffffff) + 1;
343 
344 	/* Initialize work queues */
345 	workq_init();
346 	taskq_init();
347 
348 	/* Initialize the interface/address trees */
349 	ifinit();
350 
351 	/* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */
352 	KERNEL_LOCK();
353 
354 #if NMPATH > 0
355 	/* Attach mpath before hardware */
356 	config_rootfound("mpath", NULL);
357 #endif
358 
359 	/* Configure the devices */
360 	cpu_configure();
361 
362 	/* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */
363 	uvm_init_limits(p);
364 
365 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
366 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT)
367 	nfs_init();			/* initialize server/shared data */
368 #endif
369 	vfsinit();
370 
371 	/* Start real time and statistics clocks. */
372 	initclocks();
373 
374 #ifdef SYSVSHM
375 	/* Initialize System V style shared memory. */
376 	shminit();
377 #endif
378 
379 #ifdef SYSVSEM
380 	/* Initialize System V style semaphores. */
381 	seminit();
382 #endif
383 
384 #ifdef SYSVMSG
385 	/* Initialize System V style message queues. */
386 	msginit();
387 #endif
388 
389 	/* Attach pseudo-devices. */
390 	for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++)
391 		if (pdev->pdev_count > 0)
392 			(*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count);
393 
394 #ifdef CRYPTO
395 	crypto_init();
396 	swcr_init();
397 #endif /* CRYPTO */
398 
399 	/*
400 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
401 	 * until everything is ready.
402 	 */
403 	s = splnet();
404 	netisr_init();
405 	domaininit();
406 	if_attachdomain();
407 	splx(s);
408 
409 #ifdef GPROF
410 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
411 	kmstartup();
412 #endif
413 
414 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE)
415 	if (__guard_local == 0) {
416 		volatile long newguard;
417 
418 		arc4random_buf((void *)&newguard, sizeof newguard);
419 		__guard_local = newguard;
420 	}
421 #endif
422 
423 	/* init exec and emul */
424 	init_exec();
425 
426 	/* Start the scheduler */
427 	scheduler_start();
428 
429 	/*
430 	 * Create process 1 (init(8)).  We do this now, as Unix has
431 	 * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would
432 	 * probably upset a lot of people.
433 	 *
434 	 * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will
435 	 * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been
436 	 * mounted.
437 	 */
438 	{
439 		struct proc *initproc;
440 
441 		if (fork1(p, FORK_FORK, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL,
442 		    &initproc))
443 			panic("fork init");
444 		initprocess = initproc->p_p;
445 	}
446 
447 	randompid = 1;
448 
449 	/*
450 	 * Create any kernel threads whose creation was deferred because
451 	 * initprocess had not yet been created.
452 	 */
453 	kthread_run_deferred_queue();
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for
457 	 * them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration.  Note we don't
458 	 * need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any
459 	 * secondary processors, yet.
460 	 */
461 	while (config_pending)
462 		(void) tsleep((void *)&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", 0);
463 
464 	dostartuphooks();
465 
466 #if NVSCSI > 0
467 	config_rootfound("vscsi", NULL);
468 #endif
469 #if NSOFTRAID > 0
470 	config_rootfound("softraid", NULL);
471 #endif
472 
473 	/* Configure root/swap devices */
474 	diskconf();
475 
476 	if (mountroot == NULL || ((*mountroot)() != 0))
477 		panic("cannot mount root");
478 
479 	TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS;
480 
481 	/* Get the vnode for '/'.  Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
482 	if (VFS_ROOT(TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode))
483 		panic("cannot find root vnode");
484 	p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode;
485 	vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
486 	VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p);
487 	p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL;
488 
489 	/*
490 	 * Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initprocess's CWD
491 	 * info.  All other processes are kthreads, which merely
492 	 * share proc0's CWD info.
493 	 */
494 	initprocess->ps_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode;
495 	vref(initprocess->ps_fd->fd_cdir);
496 	initprocess->ps_fd->fd_rdir = NULL;
497 
498 	/*
499 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
500 	 * from the file system.  Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been
501 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
502 	 */
503 	nanotime(&boottime);
504 	LIST_FOREACH(pr, &allprocess, ps_list) {
505 		pr->ps_start = boottime;
506 		TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &pr->ps_threads, p_thr_link) {
507 			nanouptime(&p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime);
508 			timespecclear(&p->p_rtime);
509 		}
510 	}
511 
512 	uvm_swap_init();
513 
514 	/* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */
515 	if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon"))
516 		panic("fork pagedaemon");
517 
518 	/* Create the reaper daemon kernel thread. */
519 	if (kthread_create(start_reaper, NULL, &reaperproc, "reaper"))
520 		panic("fork reaper");
521 
522 	/* Create the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */
523 	if (kthread_create(start_cleaner, NULL, NULL, "cleaner"))
524 		panic("fork cleaner");
525 
526 	/* Create the update daemon kernel thread. */
527 	if (kthread_create(start_update, NULL, NULL, "update"))
528 		panic("fork update");
529 
530 	/* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */
531 	if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned"))
532 		panic("fork aiodoned");
533 
534 #if !defined(__hppa__) && !(defined(__m88k__) && defined(MULTIPROCESSOR))
535 	/* Create the page zeroing kernel thread. */
536 	if (kthread_create(uvm_pagezero_thread, NULL, NULL, "zerothread"))
537 		panic("fork zerothread");
538 #endif
539 
540 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
541 	/* Boot the secondary processors. */
542 	cpu_boot_secondary_processors();
543 #endif
544 
545 	domountroothooks();
546 
547 	/*
548 	 * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec!  It's off to userland!
549 	 */
550 	start_init_exec = 1;
551 	wakeup((void *)&start_init_exec);
552 
553 #ifndef SMALL_KERNEL
554 	timeout_set(&setperf_to, setperf_auto, NULL);
555 #endif
556 
557         /*
558          * proc0: nothing to do, back to sleep
559          */
560         while (1)
561                 tsleep(&proc0, PVM, "scheduler", 0);
562 	/* NOTREACHED */
563 }
564 
565 /*
566  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
567  */
568 static char *initpaths[] = {
569 	"/sbin/init",
570 	"/sbin/oinit",
571 	"/sbin/init.bak",
572 	NULL,
573 };
574 
575 void
576 check_console(struct proc *p)
577 {
578 	struct nameidata nd;
579 	int error;
580 
581 	NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p);
582 	error = namei(&nd);
583 	if (error) {
584 		if (error == ENOENT)
585 			printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n");
586 		else
587 			printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error);
588 	} else
589 		vrele(nd.ni_vp);
590 }
591 
592 /*
593  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
594  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
595  */
596 void
597 start_init(void *arg)
598 {
599 	struct proc *p = arg;
600 	vaddr_t addr;
601 	struct sys_execve_args /* {
602 		syscallarg(const char *) path;
603 		syscallarg(char *const *) argp;
604 		syscallarg(char *const *) envp;
605 	} */ args;
606 	int options, error;
607 	long i;
608 	register_t retval[2];
609 	char flags[4], *flagsp;
610 	char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL;
611 
612 	/*
613 	 * Now in process 1.
614 	 */
615 
616 	/*
617 	 * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec.
618 	 */
619 	while (start_init_exec == 0)
620 		(void) tsleep((void *)&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", 0);
621 
622 	check_console(p);
623 
624 	/* process 0 ignores SIGCHLD, but we can't */
625 	p->p_p->ps_sigacts->ps_flags = 0;
626 
627 	/*
628 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
629 	 */
630 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
631 	addr = USRSTACK;
632 #else
633 	addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE;
634 #endif
635 	if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
636 	    NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0,
637 	    UVM_MAPFLAG(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, PROT_MASK, UVM_INH_COPY,
638 	    POSIX_MADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)))
639 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
640 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
641 
642 	for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) {
643 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
644 		ucp = (char *)addr;
645 #else
646 		ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE);
647 #endif
648 		/*
649 		 * Construct the boot flag argument.
650 		 */
651 		flagsp = flags;
652 		*flagsp++ = '-';
653 		options = 0;
654 
655 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
656 			*flagsp++ = 's';
657 			options = 1;
658 		}
659 #ifdef notyet
660 		if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
661 			*flagsp++ = 'f';
662 			options = 1;
663 		}
664 #endif
665 
666 		/*
667 		 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary.
668 		 */
669 		if (options != 0) {
670 			*flagsp++ = '\0';
671 			i = flagsp - flags;
672 #ifdef DEBUG
673 			printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %ld\n", flags, i);
674 #endif
675 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
676 			arg1 = ucp;
677 			(void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i);
678 			ucp += i;
679 #else
680 			(void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i);
681 			arg1 = ucp;
682 #endif
683 		}
684 
685 		/*
686 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
687 		 */
688 		i = strlen(path) + 1;
689 #ifdef DEBUG
690 		printf("init: copying out path `%s' %ld\n", path, i);
691 #endif
692 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
693 		arg0 = ucp;
694 		(void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i);
695 		ucp += i;
696 		ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp);
697 		uap = (char **)ucp + 3;
698 #else
699 		(void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i);
700 		arg0 = ucp;
701 		uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES);
702 #endif
703 
704 		/*
705 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
706 		 */
707 		i = 0;
708 		copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */
709 		if (options != 0)
710 			copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t));
711 		copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t));
712 
713 		/*
714 		 * Point at the arguments.
715 		 */
716 		SCARG(&args, path) = arg0;
717 		SCARG(&args, argp) = uap;
718 		SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL;
719 
720 		/*
721 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
722 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
723 		 */
724 		if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) {
725 			KERNEL_UNLOCK();
726 			return;
727 		}
728 		if (error != ENOENT)
729 			printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
730 	}
731 	printf("init: not found\n");
732 	panic("no init");
733 }
734 
735 void
736 start_update(void *arg)
737 {
738 	sched_sync(curproc);
739 	/* NOTREACHED */
740 }
741 
742 void
743 start_cleaner(void *arg)
744 {
745 	buf_daemon(curproc);
746 	/* NOTREACHED */
747 }
748 
749 void
750 start_reaper(void *arg)
751 {
752 	reaper();
753 	/* NOTREACHED */
754 }
755