1 /* $OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.111 2004/01/21 19:03:44 tedu Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. 6 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 7 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 8 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 9 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 10 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 11 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 12 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 13 * 14 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 16 * are met: 17 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 19 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 20 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 21 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 22 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 * 38 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 39 */ 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 43 #include <sys/file.h> 44 #include <sys/errno.h> 45 #include <sys/exec.h> 46 #include <sys/kernel.h> 47 #include <sys/kthread.h> 48 #include <sys/mount.h> 49 #include <sys/proc.h> 50 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 51 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 52 #include <sys/systm.h> 53 #include <sys/namei.h> 54 #include <sys/vnode.h> 55 #include <sys/tty.h> 56 #include <sys/conf.h> 57 #include <sys/buf.h> 58 #include <sys/device.h> 59 #include <sys/socketvar.h> 60 #include <sys/lockf.h> 61 #include <sys/protosw.h> 62 #include <sys/reboot.h> 63 #include <sys/user.h> 64 #ifdef SYSVSHM 65 #include <sys/shm.h> 66 #endif 67 #ifdef SYSVSEM 68 #include <sys/sem.h> 69 #endif 70 #ifdef SYSVMSG 71 #include <sys/msg.h> 72 #endif 73 #include <sys/domain.h> 74 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 75 #include <sys/pipe.h> 76 77 #include <sys/syscall.h> 78 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 79 80 #include <dev/rndvar.h> 81 82 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 83 84 #include <machine/cpu.h> 85 86 #include <uvm/uvm.h> 87 88 #include <net/if.h> 89 #include <net/raw_cb.h> 90 91 #if defined(CRYPTO) 92 #include <crypto/cryptodev.h> 93 #include <crypto/cryptosoft.h> 94 #endif 95 96 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 97 extern void nfs_init(void); 98 #endif 99 100 const char copyright[] = 101 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n" 102 "\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n" 103 "Copyright (c) 1995-2004 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. http://www.OpenBSD.org\n"; 104 105 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 106 struct session session0; 107 struct pgrp pgrp0; 108 struct proc proc0; 109 struct pcred cred0; 110 struct plimit limit0; 111 struct vmspace vmspace0; 112 struct sigacts sigacts0; 113 #ifndef curproc 114 struct proc *curproc; 115 #endif 116 struct proc *initproc; 117 118 int cmask = CMASK; 119 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 120 121 void (*md_diskconf)(void) = NULL; 122 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 123 int boothowto; 124 struct timeval boottime; 125 struct timeval runtime; 126 127 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 128 long __guard[8]; 129 #endif 130 131 /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 132 int main(void *); 133 void check_console(struct proc *); 134 void start_init(void *); 135 void start_cleaner(void *); 136 void start_update(void *); 137 void start_reaper(void *); 138 void start_crypto(void *); 139 void init_exec(void); 140 141 extern char sigcode[], esigcode[]; 142 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 143 extern char *syscallnames[]; 144 #endif 145 146 struct emul emul_native = { 147 "native", 148 NULL, 149 sendsig, 150 SYS_syscall, 151 SYS_MAXSYSCALL, 152 sysent, 153 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 154 syscallnames, 155 #else 156 NULL, 157 #endif 158 0, 159 copyargs, 160 setregs, 161 NULL, 162 sigcode, 163 esigcode, 164 EMUL_ENABLED | EMUL_NATIVE, 165 }; 166 167 168 /* 169 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 170 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 171 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 172 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 173 */ 174 /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 175 int 176 main(framep) 177 void *framep; /* XXX should go away */ 178 { 179 struct proc *p; 180 struct pdevinit *pdev; 181 struct timeval rtv; 182 quad_t lim; 183 int s, i; 184 register_t rval[2]; 185 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 186 extern void scheduler_start(void); 187 extern void disk_init(void); 188 extern void endtsleep(void *); 189 extern void realitexpire(void *); 190 191 /* 192 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 193 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 194 */ 195 curproc = p = &proc0; 196 197 /* 198 * Initialize timeouts. 199 */ 200 timeout_startup(); 201 202 /* 203 * Attempt to find console and initialize 204 * in case of early panic or other messages. 205 */ 206 config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ 207 consinit(); 208 printf(copyright); 209 printf("\n"); 210 211 uvm_init(); 212 disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ 213 tty_init(); /* initialise tty's */ 214 cpu_startup(); 215 216 /* 217 * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to 218 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. 219 */ 220 mbinit(); 221 222 /* Initalize sockets. */ 223 soinit(); 224 225 /* Initialize sysctls (must be done before any processes run) */ 226 sysctl_init(); 227 228 /* 229 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 230 */ 231 procinit(); 232 233 /* Initialize file locking. */ 234 lf_init(); 235 236 /* 237 * Initialize filedescriptors. 238 */ 239 filedesc_init(); 240 241 /* 242 * Initialize pipes. 243 */ 244 pipe_init(); 245 246 /* 247 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 248 */ 249 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 250 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 251 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); 252 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 253 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 254 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 255 256 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 257 session0.s_count = 1; 258 session0.s_leader = p; 259 260 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM | P_NOCLDWAIT; 261 p->p_stat = SRUN; 262 p->p_nice = NZERO; 263 p->p_emul = &emul_native; 264 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 265 266 /* Init timeouts. */ 267 timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p); 268 timeout_set(&p->p_realit_to, realitexpire, p); 269 270 /* Create credentials. */ 271 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 272 p->p_cred = &cred0; 273 p->p_ucred = crget(); 274 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 275 276 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 277 signal_init(); 278 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0; 279 siginit(p); 280 281 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 282 p->p_fd = fdinit(NULL); 283 284 /* Create the limits structures. */ 285 p->p_limit = &limit0; 286 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 287 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 288 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 289 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; 290 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = MIN(NOFILE_MAX, 291 (maxfiles - NOFILE > NOFILE) ? maxfiles - NOFILE : NOFILE); 292 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; 293 lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free); 294 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim; 295 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim; 296 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3; 297 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 298 299 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 300 uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 301 trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE); 302 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 303 304 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 305 306 /* 307 * We continue to place resource usage info in the 308 * user struct so they're pageable. 309 */ 310 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 311 312 /* 313 * Charge root for one process. 314 */ 315 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 316 317 /* Initialize run queues */ 318 rqinit(); 319 320 /* Configure the devices */ 321 cpu_configure(); 322 323 /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ 324 uvm_init_limits(p); 325 326 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 327 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 328 nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ 329 #endif 330 vfsinit(); 331 332 /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ 333 initclocks(); 334 335 #ifdef SYSVSHM 336 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 337 shminit(); 338 #endif 339 340 #ifdef SYSVSEM 341 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 342 seminit(); 343 #endif 344 345 #ifdef SYSVMSG 346 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 347 msginit(); 348 #endif 349 350 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 351 randomattach(); 352 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 353 if (pdev->pdev_count > 0) 354 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 355 356 #ifdef CRYPTO 357 swcr_init(); 358 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 359 360 /* 361 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 362 * until everything is ready. 363 */ 364 s = splimp(); 365 ifinit(); 366 domaininit(); 367 if_attachdomain(); 368 splx(s); 369 370 #ifdef GPROF 371 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 372 kmstartup(); 373 #endif 374 375 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 376 arc4random_bytes(__guard, sizeof(__guard)); 377 #endif 378 379 /* init exec and emul */ 380 init_exec(); 381 382 /* Start the scheduler */ 383 scheduler_start(); 384 385 dostartuphooks(); 386 387 /* Configure root/swap devices */ 388 if (md_diskconf) 389 (*md_diskconf)(); 390 391 /* Mount the root file system. */ 392 if (vfs_mountroot()) 393 panic("cannot mount root"); 394 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; 395 396 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 397 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 398 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 399 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; 400 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 401 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p); 402 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; 403 404 uvm_swap_init(); 405 406 /* 407 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 408 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 409 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 410 */ 411 p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time; 412 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 413 414 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 415 if (fork1(p, SIGCHLD, FORK_FORK, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, rval)) 416 panic("fork init"); 417 418 /* Create process 2, the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ 419 if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) 420 panic("fork pagedaemon"); 421 422 /* Create process 3, the reaper daemon kernel thread. */ 423 if (kthread_create(start_reaper, NULL, NULL, "reaper")) 424 panic("fork reaper"); 425 426 /* Create process 4, the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */ 427 if (kthread_create(start_cleaner, NULL, NULL, "cleaner")) 428 panic("fork cleaner"); 429 430 /* Create process 5, the update daemon kernel thread. */ 431 if (kthread_create(start_update, NULL, NULL, "update")) 432 panic("fork update"); 433 434 /* Create process 6, the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ 435 if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned")) 436 panic("fork aiodoned"); 437 438 #ifdef CRYPTO 439 /* Create process 7, the crypto kernel thread. */ 440 if (kthread_create(start_crypto, NULL, NULL, "crypto")) 441 panic("crypto thread"); 442 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 443 444 /* Create any other deferred kernel threads. */ 445 kthread_run_deferred_queue(); 446 447 microtime(&rtv); 448 srandom((u_long)(rtv.tv_sec ^ rtv.tv_usec)); 449 450 randompid = 1; 451 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 452 uvm_scheduler(); 453 /* NOTREACHED */ 454 } 455 456 /* 457 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 458 */ 459 static char *initpaths[] = { 460 "/sbin/init", 461 "/sbin/oinit", 462 "/sbin/init.bak", 463 NULL, 464 }; 465 466 void 467 check_console(p) 468 struct proc *p; 469 { 470 struct nameidata nd; 471 int error; 472 473 NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); 474 error = namei(&nd); 475 if (error) { 476 if (error == ENOENT) 477 printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n"); 478 else 479 printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error); 480 } else 481 vrele(nd.ni_vp); 482 } 483 484 /* 485 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 486 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 487 */ 488 void 489 start_init(arg) 490 void *arg; 491 { 492 struct proc *p = arg; 493 vaddr_t addr; 494 struct sys_execve_args /* { 495 syscallarg(const char *) path; 496 syscallarg(char *const *) argp; 497 syscallarg(char *const *) envp; 498 } */ args; 499 int options, error; 500 long i; 501 register_t retval[2]; 502 char flags[4], *flagsp; 503 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; 504 505 initproc = p; 506 507 /* 508 * Now in process 1. 509 */ 510 check_console(p); 511 512 /* 513 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 514 */ 515 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 516 addr = USRSTACK; 517 #else 518 addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; 519 #endif 520 if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 521 NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, 522 UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY, 523 UVM_ADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW))) 524 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 525 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 526 527 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 528 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 529 ucp = (char *)addr; 530 #else 531 ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); 532 #endif 533 /* 534 * Construct the boot flag argument. 535 */ 536 flagsp = flags; 537 *flagsp++ = '-'; 538 options = 0; 539 540 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 541 *flagsp++ = 's'; 542 options = 1; 543 } 544 #ifdef notyet 545 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 546 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 547 options = 1; 548 } 549 #endif 550 551 /* 552 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 553 */ 554 if (options != 0) { 555 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 556 i = flagsp - flags; 557 #ifdef DEBUG 558 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); 559 #endif 560 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 561 arg1 = ucp; 562 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 563 ucp += i; 564 #else 565 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 566 arg1 = ucp; 567 #endif 568 } 569 570 /* 571 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 572 */ 573 i = strlen(path) + 1; 574 #ifdef DEBUG 575 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 576 #endif 577 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 578 arg0 = ucp; 579 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 580 ucp += i; 581 ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp); 582 uap = (char **)ucp + 3; 583 #else 584 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 585 arg0 = ucp; 586 uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); 587 #endif 588 589 /* 590 * Move out the arg pointers. 591 */ 592 i = 0; 593 copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */ 594 if (options != 0) 595 copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 596 copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 597 598 /* 599 * Point at the arguments. 600 */ 601 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 602 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 603 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 604 605 /* 606 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 607 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 608 */ 609 if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) 610 return; 611 if (error != ENOENT) 612 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 613 } 614 printf("init: not found\n"); 615 panic("no init"); 616 } 617 618 void 619 start_update(arg) 620 void *arg; 621 { 622 sched_sync(curproc); 623 /* NOTREACHED */ 624 } 625 626 void 627 start_cleaner(arg) 628 void *arg; 629 { 630 buf_daemon(curproc); 631 /* NOTREACHED */ 632 } 633 634 void 635 start_reaper(arg) 636 void *arg; 637 { 638 reaper(); 639 /* NOTREACHED */ 640 } 641 642 #ifdef CRYPTO 643 void 644 start_crypto(arg) 645 void *arg; 646 { 647 crypto_thread(); 648 /* NOTREACHED */ 649 } 650 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 651