1 /* $OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.105 2003/06/02 23:28:05 millert Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. 6 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 7 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 8 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 9 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 10 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 11 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 12 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 13 * 14 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 16 * are met: 17 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 19 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 20 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 21 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 22 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 * 38 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 39 */ 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 43 #include <sys/file.h> 44 #include <sys/errno.h> 45 #include <sys/exec.h> 46 #include <sys/kernel.h> 47 #include <sys/kthread.h> 48 #include <sys/mount.h> 49 #include <sys/proc.h> 50 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 51 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 52 #include <sys/systm.h> 53 #include <sys/namei.h> 54 #include <sys/vnode.h> 55 #include <sys/tty.h> 56 #include <sys/conf.h> 57 #include <sys/buf.h> 58 #include <sys/device.h> 59 #include <sys/socketvar.h> 60 #include <sys/protosw.h> 61 #include <sys/reboot.h> 62 #include <sys/user.h> 63 #ifdef SYSVSHM 64 #include <sys/shm.h> 65 #endif 66 #ifdef SYSVSEM 67 #include <sys/sem.h> 68 #endif 69 #ifdef SYSVMSG 70 #include <sys/msg.h> 71 #endif 72 #include <sys/domain.h> 73 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 74 #include <sys/pipe.h> 75 76 #include <sys/syscall.h> 77 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 78 79 #include <dev/rndvar.h> 80 81 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 82 83 #include <machine/cpu.h> 84 85 #include <uvm/uvm.h> 86 87 #include <net/if.h> 88 #include <net/raw_cb.h> 89 90 #if defined(CRYPTO) 91 #include <crypto/cryptodev.h> 92 #include <crypto/cryptosoft.h> 93 #endif 94 95 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 96 extern void nfs_init(void); 97 #endif 98 99 const char copyright[] = 100 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n" 101 "\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n" 102 "Copyright (c) 1995-2003 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. http://www.OpenBSD.org\n"; 103 104 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 105 struct session session0; 106 struct pgrp pgrp0; 107 struct proc proc0; 108 struct pcred cred0; 109 struct plimit limit0; 110 struct vmspace vmspace0; 111 struct sigacts sigacts0; 112 #ifndef curproc 113 struct proc *curproc; 114 #endif 115 struct proc *initproc; 116 117 int cmask = CMASK; 118 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 119 120 void (*md_diskconf)(void) = NULL; 121 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 122 int boothowto; 123 struct timeval boottime; 124 struct timeval runtime; 125 126 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 127 long __guard[8]; 128 #endif 129 130 /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 131 int main(void *); 132 void check_console(struct proc *); 133 void start_init(void *); 134 void start_cleaner(void *); 135 void start_update(void *); 136 void start_reaper(void *); 137 void start_crypto(void *); 138 139 extern char sigcode[], esigcode[]; 140 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 141 extern char *syscallnames[]; 142 #endif 143 144 struct emul emul_native = { 145 "native", 146 NULL, 147 sendsig, 148 SYS_syscall, 149 SYS_MAXSYSCALL, 150 sysent, 151 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 152 syscallnames, 153 #else 154 NULL, 155 #endif 156 0, 157 copyargs, 158 setregs, 159 NULL, 160 sigcode, 161 esigcode, 162 }; 163 164 /* 165 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 166 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 167 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 168 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 169 */ 170 /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 171 int 172 main(framep) 173 void *framep; /* XXX should go away */ 174 { 175 struct proc *p; 176 struct pdevinit *pdev; 177 struct timeval rtv; 178 quad_t lim; 179 int s, i; 180 register_t rval[2]; 181 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 182 int *guard = (int *)&__guard[0]; 183 #endif 184 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 185 extern void scheduler_start(void); 186 extern void disk_init(void); 187 extern void endtsleep(void *); 188 extern void realitexpire(void *); 189 190 /* 191 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 192 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 193 */ 194 curproc = p = &proc0; 195 196 /* 197 * Attempt to find console and initialize 198 * in case of early panic or other messages. 199 */ 200 config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ 201 consinit(); 202 printf(copyright); 203 printf("\n"); 204 205 uvm_init(); 206 disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ 207 tty_init(); /* initialise tty's */ 208 cpu_startup(); 209 210 /* 211 * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to 212 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. 213 */ 214 mbinit(); 215 216 /* Initalize sockets. */ 217 soinit(); 218 219 /* 220 * Initialize timeouts. 221 */ 222 timeout_startup(); 223 224 /* Initialize sysctls (must be done before any processes run) */ 225 sysctl_init(); 226 227 /* 228 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 229 */ 230 procinit(); 231 232 /* 233 * Initialize filedescriptors. 234 */ 235 filedesc_init(); 236 237 /* 238 * Initialize pipes. 239 */ 240 pipe_init(); 241 242 /* 243 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 244 */ 245 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 246 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 247 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); 248 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 249 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 250 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 251 252 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 253 session0.s_count = 1; 254 session0.s_leader = p; 255 256 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM | P_NOCLDWAIT; 257 p->p_stat = SRUN; 258 p->p_nice = NZERO; 259 p->p_emul = &emul_native; 260 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 261 262 /* Init timeouts. */ 263 timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p); 264 timeout_set(&p->p_realit_to, realitexpire, p); 265 266 /* Create credentials. */ 267 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 268 p->p_cred = &cred0; 269 p->p_ucred = crget(); 270 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 271 272 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 273 signal_init(); 274 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0; 275 siginit(p); 276 277 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 278 p->p_fd = fdinit(NULL); 279 280 /* Create the limits structures. */ 281 p->p_limit = &limit0; 282 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 283 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 284 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 285 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; 286 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = MIN(NOFILE_MAX, 287 (maxfiles - NOFILE > NOFILE) ? maxfiles - NOFILE : NOFILE); 288 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; 289 lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free); 290 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim; 291 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim; 292 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3; 293 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 294 295 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 296 uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 297 trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE); 298 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 299 300 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 301 302 /* 303 * We continue to place resource usage info in the 304 * user struct so they're pageable. 305 */ 306 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 307 308 /* 309 * Charge root for one process. 310 */ 311 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 312 313 /* Initialize run queues */ 314 rqinit(); 315 316 /* Configure the devices */ 317 cpu_configure(); 318 319 /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ 320 uvm_init_limits(p); 321 322 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 323 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 324 nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ 325 #endif 326 vfsinit(); 327 328 /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ 329 initclocks(); 330 331 #ifdef SYSVSHM 332 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 333 shminit(); 334 #endif 335 336 #ifdef SYSVSEM 337 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 338 seminit(); 339 #endif 340 341 #ifdef SYSVMSG 342 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 343 msginit(); 344 #endif 345 346 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 347 randomattach(); 348 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 349 if (pdev->pdev_count > 0) 350 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 351 352 #ifdef CRYPTO 353 swcr_init(); 354 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 355 356 /* 357 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 358 * until everything is ready. 359 */ 360 s = splimp(); 361 ifinit(); 362 domaininit(); 363 if_attachdomain(); 364 splx(s); 365 366 #ifdef GPROF 367 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 368 kmstartup(); 369 #endif 370 371 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 372 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(__guard) / 4; i++) 373 guard[i] = arc4random(); 374 #endif 375 376 /* Start the scheduler */ 377 scheduler_start(); 378 379 dostartuphooks(); 380 381 /* Configure root/swap devices */ 382 if (md_diskconf) 383 (*md_diskconf)(); 384 385 /* Mount the root file system. */ 386 if (vfs_mountroot()) 387 panic("cannot mount root"); 388 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; 389 390 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 391 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 392 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 393 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; 394 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 395 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p); 396 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; 397 398 uvm_swap_init(); 399 400 /* 401 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 402 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 403 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 404 */ 405 p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time; 406 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 407 408 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 409 if (fork1(p, SIGCHLD, FORK_FORK, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, rval)) 410 panic("fork init"); 411 412 /* Create process 2, the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ 413 if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) 414 panic("fork pagedaemon"); 415 416 /* Create process 3, the reaper daemon kernel thread. */ 417 if (kthread_create(start_reaper, NULL, NULL, "reaper")) 418 panic("fork reaper"); 419 420 /* Create process 4, the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */ 421 if (kthread_create(start_cleaner, NULL, NULL, "cleaner")) 422 panic("fork cleaner"); 423 424 /* Create process 5, the update daemon kernel thread. */ 425 if (kthread_create(start_update, NULL, NULL, "update")) 426 panic("fork update"); 427 428 /* Create process 6, the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ 429 if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned")) 430 panic("fork aiodoned"); 431 432 #ifdef CRYPTO 433 /* Create process 7, the crypto kernel thread. */ 434 if (kthread_create(start_crypto, NULL, NULL, "crypto")) 435 panic("crypto thread"); 436 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 437 438 /* Create any other deferred kernel threads. */ 439 kthread_run_deferred_queue(); 440 441 microtime(&rtv); 442 srandom((u_long)(rtv.tv_sec ^ rtv.tv_usec)); 443 444 randompid = 1; 445 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 446 uvm_scheduler(); 447 /* NOTREACHED */ 448 } 449 450 /* 451 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 452 */ 453 static char *initpaths[] = { 454 "/sbin/init", 455 "/sbin/oinit", 456 "/sbin/init.bak", 457 NULL, 458 }; 459 460 void 461 check_console(p) 462 struct proc *p; 463 { 464 struct nameidata nd; 465 int error; 466 467 NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); 468 error = namei(&nd); 469 if (error) { 470 if (error == ENOENT) 471 printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n"); 472 else 473 printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error); 474 } else 475 vrele(nd.ni_vp); 476 } 477 478 /* 479 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 480 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 481 */ 482 void 483 start_init(arg) 484 void *arg; 485 { 486 struct proc *p = arg; 487 vaddr_t addr; 488 struct sys_execve_args /* { 489 syscallarg(char *) path; 490 syscallarg(char **) argp; 491 syscallarg(char **) envp; 492 } */ args; 493 int options, error; 494 long i; 495 register_t retval[2]; 496 char flags[4], *flagsp; 497 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; 498 499 initproc = p; 500 501 /* 502 * Now in process 1. 503 */ 504 check_console(p); 505 506 /* 507 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 508 */ 509 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 510 addr = USRSTACK; 511 #else 512 addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; 513 #endif 514 if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 515 NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, 516 UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY, 517 UVM_ADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW))) 518 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 519 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 520 521 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 522 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 523 ucp = (char *)addr; 524 #else 525 ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); 526 #endif 527 /* 528 * Construct the boot flag argument. 529 */ 530 flagsp = flags; 531 *flagsp++ = '-'; 532 options = 0; 533 534 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 535 *flagsp++ = 's'; 536 options = 1; 537 } 538 #ifdef notyet 539 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 540 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 541 options = 1; 542 } 543 #endif 544 545 /* 546 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 547 */ 548 if (options != 0) { 549 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 550 i = flagsp - flags; 551 #ifdef DEBUG 552 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); 553 #endif 554 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 555 arg1 = ucp; 556 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 557 ucp += i; 558 #else 559 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 560 arg1 = ucp; 561 #endif 562 } 563 564 /* 565 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 566 */ 567 i = strlen(path) + 1; 568 #ifdef DEBUG 569 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 570 #endif 571 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 572 arg0 = ucp; 573 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 574 ucp += i; 575 ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp); 576 uap = (char **)ucp + 3; 577 #else 578 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 579 arg0 = ucp; 580 uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); 581 #endif 582 583 /* 584 * Move out the arg pointers. 585 */ 586 i = 0; 587 copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */ 588 if (options != 0) 589 copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 590 copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 591 592 /* 593 * Point at the arguments. 594 */ 595 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 596 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 597 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 598 599 /* 600 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 601 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 602 */ 603 if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) 604 return; 605 if (error != ENOENT) 606 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 607 } 608 printf("init: not found\n"); 609 panic("no init"); 610 } 611 612 void 613 start_update(arg) 614 void *arg; 615 { 616 sched_sync(curproc); 617 /* NOTREACHED */ 618 } 619 620 void 621 start_cleaner(arg) 622 void *arg; 623 { 624 buf_daemon(curproc); 625 /* NOTREACHED */ 626 } 627 628 void 629 start_reaper(arg) 630 void *arg; 631 { 632 reaper(); 633 /* NOTREACHED */ 634 } 635 636 #ifdef CRYPTO 637 void 638 start_crypto(arg) 639 void *arg; 640 { 641 crypto_thread(); 642 /* NOTREACHED */ 643 } 644 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 645