1 /* $OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.119 2004/07/28 17:15:12 tholo Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. 6 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 7 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 8 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 9 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 10 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 11 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 12 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 13 * 14 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 16 * are met: 17 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 19 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 20 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 21 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 22 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 * 38 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 39 */ 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 43 #include <sys/file.h> 44 #include <sys/errno.h> 45 #include <sys/exec.h> 46 #include <sys/kernel.h> 47 #include <sys/kthread.h> 48 #include <sys/mount.h> 49 #include <sys/proc.h> 50 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 51 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 52 #include <sys/systm.h> 53 #include <sys/namei.h> 54 #include <sys/vnode.h> 55 #include <sys/tty.h> 56 #include <sys/conf.h> 57 #include <sys/buf.h> 58 #include <sys/device.h> 59 #include <sys/socketvar.h> 60 #include <sys/lockf.h> 61 #include <sys/protosw.h> 62 #include <sys/reboot.h> 63 #include <sys/user.h> 64 #ifdef SYSVSHM 65 #include <sys/shm.h> 66 #endif 67 #ifdef SYSVSEM 68 #include <sys/sem.h> 69 #endif 70 #ifdef SYSVMSG 71 #include <sys/msg.h> 72 #endif 73 #include <sys/domain.h> 74 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 75 #include <sys/pipe.h> 76 77 #include <sys/syscall.h> 78 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 79 80 #include <dev/rndvar.h> 81 82 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 83 84 #include <machine/cpu.h> 85 86 #include <uvm/uvm.h> 87 88 #include <net/if.h> 89 #include <net/raw_cb.h> 90 91 #if defined(CRYPTO) 92 #include <crypto/cryptodev.h> 93 #include <crypto/cryptosoft.h> 94 #endif 95 96 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 97 extern void nfs_init(void); 98 #endif 99 100 const char copyright[] = 101 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n" 102 "\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n" 103 "Copyright (c) 1995-2004 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. http://www.OpenBSD.org\n"; 104 105 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 106 struct session session0; 107 struct pgrp pgrp0; 108 struct proc proc0; 109 struct pcred cred0; 110 struct plimit limit0; 111 struct vmspace vmspace0; 112 struct sigacts sigacts0; 113 #if !defined(__HAVE_CPUINFO) && !defined(curproc) 114 struct proc *curproc; 115 #endif 116 struct proc *initproc; 117 118 int cmask = CMASK; 119 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 120 121 void (*md_diskconf)(void) = NULL; 122 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 123 int boothowto; 124 struct timeval boottime; 125 #ifndef __HAVE_CPUINFO 126 struct timeval runtime; 127 #endif 128 int ncpus = 1; 129 130 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 131 long __guard[8]; 132 #endif 133 134 /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 135 int main(void *); 136 void check_console(struct proc *); 137 void start_init(void *); 138 void start_cleaner(void *); 139 void start_update(void *); 140 void start_reaper(void *); 141 void start_crypto(void *); 142 void init_exec(void); 143 void kqueue_init(void); 144 145 extern char sigcode[], esigcode[]; 146 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 147 extern char *syscallnames[]; 148 #endif 149 150 struct emul emul_native = { 151 "native", 152 NULL, 153 sendsig, 154 SYS_syscall, 155 SYS_MAXSYSCALL, 156 sysent, 157 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 158 syscallnames, 159 #else 160 NULL, 161 #endif 162 0, 163 copyargs, 164 setregs, 165 NULL, 166 sigcode, 167 esigcode, 168 EMUL_ENABLED | EMUL_NATIVE, 169 }; 170 171 172 /* 173 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 174 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 175 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 176 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 177 */ 178 /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */ 179 int 180 main(framep) 181 void *framep; /* XXX should go away */ 182 { 183 struct proc *p; 184 struct pdevinit *pdev; 185 struct timeval rtv; 186 quad_t lim; 187 int s, i; 188 register_t rval[2]; 189 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 190 extern void scheduler_start(void); 191 extern void disk_init(void); 192 extern void endtsleep(void *); 193 extern void realitexpire(void *); 194 195 /* 196 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 197 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 198 */ 199 curproc = p = &proc0; 200 #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO 201 p->p_cpu = curcpu(); 202 #endif 203 204 /* 205 * Initialize timeouts. 206 */ 207 timeout_startup(); 208 209 /* 210 * Attempt to find console and initialize 211 * in case of early panic or other messages. 212 */ 213 config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ 214 consinit(); 215 216 printf("%s\n", copyright); 217 218 KERNEL_LOCK_INIT(); 219 220 uvm_init(); 221 disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ 222 tty_init(); /* initialise tty's */ 223 cpu_startup(); 224 225 /* 226 * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to 227 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. 228 */ 229 mbinit(); 230 231 /* Initalize sockets. */ 232 soinit(); 233 234 /* Initialize sysctls (must be done before any processes run) */ 235 sysctl_init(); 236 237 /* 238 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 239 */ 240 procinit(); 241 242 /* Initialize file locking. */ 243 lf_init(); 244 245 /* 246 * Initialize filedescriptors. 247 */ 248 filedesc_init(); 249 250 /* 251 * Initialize pipes. 252 */ 253 pipe_init(); 254 255 /* 256 * Initialize kqueues. 257 */ 258 kqueue_init(); 259 260 /* 261 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 262 */ 263 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 264 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 265 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); 266 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 267 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 268 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 269 270 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 271 session0.s_count = 1; 272 session0.s_leader = p; 273 274 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM | P_NOCLDWAIT; 275 p->p_stat = SONPROC; 276 p->p_nice = NZERO; 277 p->p_emul = &emul_native; 278 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 279 280 /* Init timeouts. */ 281 timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p); 282 timeout_set(&p->p_realit_to, realitexpire, p); 283 284 /* Create credentials. */ 285 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 286 p->p_cred = &cred0; 287 p->p_ucred = crget(); 288 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 289 290 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 291 signal_init(); 292 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0; 293 siginit(p); 294 295 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 296 p->p_fd = fdinit(NULL); 297 298 /* Create the limits structures. */ 299 p->p_limit = &limit0; 300 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 301 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 302 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 303 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; 304 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = MIN(NOFILE_MAX, 305 (maxfiles - NOFILE > NOFILE) ? maxfiles - NOFILE : NOFILE); 306 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; 307 lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free); 308 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim; 309 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim; 310 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3; 311 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 312 313 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 314 uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 315 trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE); 316 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 317 318 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 319 320 /* 321 * We continue to place resource usage info in the 322 * user struct so they're pageable. 323 */ 324 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 325 326 /* 327 * Charge root for one process. 328 */ 329 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 330 331 /* Initialize run queues */ 332 rqinit(); 333 334 /* Configure the devices */ 335 cpu_configure(); 336 337 /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ 338 uvm_init_limits(p); 339 340 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 341 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) 342 nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ 343 #endif 344 vfsinit(); 345 346 /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ 347 initclocks(); 348 349 /* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */ 350 KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(p); 351 352 #ifdef SYSVSHM 353 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 354 shminit(); 355 #endif 356 357 #ifdef SYSVSEM 358 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 359 seminit(); 360 #endif 361 362 #ifdef SYSVMSG 363 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 364 msginit(); 365 #endif 366 367 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 368 randomattach(); 369 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 370 if (pdev->pdev_count > 0) 371 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 372 373 #ifdef CRYPTO 374 swcr_init(); 375 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 376 377 /* 378 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 379 * until everything is ready. 380 */ 381 s = splimp(); 382 ifinit(); 383 domaininit(); 384 if_attachdomain(); 385 splx(s); 386 387 #ifdef GPROF 388 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 389 kmstartup(); 390 #endif 391 392 #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) 393 arc4random_bytes(__guard, sizeof(__guard)); 394 #endif 395 396 /* init exec and emul */ 397 init_exec(); 398 399 /* Start the scheduler */ 400 scheduler_start(); 401 402 dostartuphooks(); 403 404 /* Configure root/swap devices */ 405 if (md_diskconf) 406 (*md_diskconf)(); 407 408 /* Mount the root file system. */ 409 if (vfs_mountroot()) 410 panic("cannot mount root"); 411 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; 412 413 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 414 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 415 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 416 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; 417 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 418 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p); 419 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; 420 421 /* 422 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 423 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 424 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 425 */ 426 #ifdef __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER 427 microtime(&boottime); 428 #else 429 boottime = mono_time = time; 430 #endif 431 p->p_stats->p_start = boottime; 432 #ifdef __HAVE_CPUINFO 433 microuptime(&p->p_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime); 434 #else 435 microuptime(&runtime); 436 #endif 437 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 438 439 uvm_swap_init(); 440 441 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 442 if (fork1(p, SIGCHLD, FORK_FORK, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, rval)) 443 panic("fork init"); 444 445 /* Create process 2, the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ 446 if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) 447 panic("fork pagedaemon"); 448 449 /* Create process 3, the reaper daemon kernel thread. */ 450 if (kthread_create(start_reaper, NULL, NULL, "reaper")) 451 panic("fork reaper"); 452 453 /* Create process 4, the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */ 454 if (kthread_create(start_cleaner, NULL, NULL, "cleaner")) 455 panic("fork cleaner"); 456 457 /* Create process 5, the update daemon kernel thread. */ 458 if (kthread_create(start_update, NULL, NULL, "update")) 459 panic("fork update"); 460 461 /* Create process 6, the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ 462 if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned")) 463 panic("fork aiodoned"); 464 465 #ifdef CRYPTO 466 /* Create process 7, the crypto kernel thread. */ 467 if (kthread_create(start_crypto, NULL, NULL, "crypto")) 468 panic("crypto thread"); 469 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 470 471 /* Create any other deferred kernel threads. */ 472 kthread_run_deferred_queue(); 473 474 microtime(&rtv); 475 srandom((u_long)(rtv.tv_sec ^ rtv.tv_usec)); 476 477 randompid = 1; 478 479 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) 480 /* Boot the secondary processors. */ 481 cpu_boot_secondary_processors(); 482 #endif 483 484 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 485 uvm_scheduler(); 486 /* NOTREACHED */ 487 } 488 489 /* 490 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 491 */ 492 static char *initpaths[] = { 493 "/sbin/init", 494 "/sbin/oinit", 495 "/sbin/init.bak", 496 NULL, 497 }; 498 499 void 500 check_console(p) 501 struct proc *p; 502 { 503 struct nameidata nd; 504 int error; 505 506 NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); 507 error = namei(&nd); 508 if (error) { 509 if (error == ENOENT) 510 printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n"); 511 else 512 printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error); 513 } else 514 vrele(nd.ni_vp); 515 } 516 517 /* 518 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 519 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 520 */ 521 void 522 start_init(arg) 523 void *arg; 524 { 525 struct proc *p = arg; 526 vaddr_t addr; 527 struct sys_execve_args /* { 528 syscallarg(const char *) path; 529 syscallarg(char *const *) argp; 530 syscallarg(char *const *) envp; 531 } */ args; 532 int options, error; 533 long i; 534 register_t retval[2]; 535 char flags[4], *flagsp; 536 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; 537 538 initproc = p; 539 540 /* 541 * Now in process 1. 542 */ 543 check_console(p); 544 545 /* 546 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 547 */ 548 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 549 addr = USRSTACK; 550 #else 551 addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; 552 #endif 553 if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 554 NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, 555 UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY, 556 UVM_ADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW))) 557 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 558 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 559 560 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 561 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 562 ucp = (char *)addr; 563 #else 564 ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); 565 #endif 566 /* 567 * Construct the boot flag argument. 568 */ 569 flagsp = flags; 570 *flagsp++ = '-'; 571 options = 0; 572 573 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 574 *flagsp++ = 's'; 575 options = 1; 576 } 577 #ifdef notyet 578 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 579 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 580 options = 1; 581 } 582 #endif 583 584 /* 585 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 586 */ 587 if (options != 0) { 588 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 589 i = flagsp - flags; 590 #ifdef DEBUG 591 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); 592 #endif 593 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 594 arg1 = ucp; 595 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 596 ucp += i; 597 #else 598 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 599 arg1 = ucp; 600 #endif 601 } 602 603 /* 604 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 605 */ 606 i = strlen(path) + 1; 607 #ifdef DEBUG 608 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 609 #endif 610 #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP 611 arg0 = ucp; 612 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i); 613 ucp += i; 614 ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp); 615 uap = (char **)ucp + 3; 616 #else 617 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 618 arg0 = ucp; 619 uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); 620 #endif 621 622 /* 623 * Move out the arg pointers. 624 */ 625 i = 0; 626 copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */ 627 if (options != 0) 628 copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 629 copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); 630 631 /* 632 * Point at the arguments. 633 */ 634 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 635 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 636 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 637 638 /* 639 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 640 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 641 */ 642 if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) { 643 KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(p); 644 return; 645 } 646 if (error != ENOENT) 647 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 648 } 649 printf("init: not found\n"); 650 panic("no init"); 651 } 652 653 void 654 start_update(arg) 655 void *arg; 656 { 657 sched_sync(curproc); 658 /* NOTREACHED */ 659 } 660 661 void 662 start_cleaner(arg) 663 void *arg; 664 { 665 buf_daemon(curproc); 666 /* NOTREACHED */ 667 } 668 669 void 670 start_reaper(arg) 671 void *arg; 672 { 673 reaper(); 674 /* NOTREACHED */ 675 } 676 677 #ifdef CRYPTO 678 void 679 start_crypto(arg) 680 void *arg; 681 { 682 crypto_thread(); 683 /* NOTREACHED */ 684 } 685 #endif /* CRYPTO */ 686