1.\" $OpenBSD: intro.8,v 1.25 2014/08/26 19:33:48 robert Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: intro.8,v 1.3 1994/11/30 19:36:24 jtc Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 32.\" 33.Dd $Mdocdate: August 26 2014 $ 34.Dt INTRO 8 35.Os 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm intro 38.Nd introduction to system maintenance and operation commands 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The manual pages in section 8 contain information related to 41system operation and maintenance. 42They describe commands concerning file systems, 43such as 44.Xr edquota 8 , 45.Xr fsck 8 , 46.Xr mount 8 , 47and 48.Xr newfs 8 . 49They also cover commands concerning system backup/recovery, such as 50.Xr dump 8 51and 52.Xr restore 8 . 53.Pp 54There are pages which document the running of the system, such as 55.Xr afterboot 8 , 56.Xr ifconfig 8 , 57.Xr security 8 , 58and the configuration files located in 59.Pa /etc . 60Procedures concerning system failure are documented in 61.Xr crash 8 . 62.Pp 63Section 8 pages also describe network services and daemons. 64The rest of this page discusses some of the main daemons 65available on the 66.Ox 67system, 68and how to enable/disable them. 69.Pp 70System daemons are controlled by the script 71.Xr rc 8 , 72which is in turn configured by 73.Xr rc.conf 8 . 74For example the HTTP daemon 75.Xr httpd 8 76is controlled by the following line from 77.Xr rc.conf 8 : 78.Bd -literal -offset indent 79httpd_flags=NO 80.Ed 81.Pp 82Thus it is not started by default. 83To enable or disable daemon processes, 84administrators should edit the file 85.Xr rc.conf.local 8 , 86which overrides 87.Xr rc.conf 8 . 88So to enable 89.Xr httpd 8 , 90the following line might be added to 91.Pa /etc/rc.conf.local : 92.Bd -literal -offset indent 93httpd_flags="" 94.Ed 95.Pp 96As can be seen above, 97this method is also used to specify additional options. 98.Pp 99Below is a list of some of the daemons available. 100For further information, see 101.Xr rc 8 102and the individual pages for the utilities. 103.Ss Automounter daemon (amd) 104If using the 105.Xr amd 8 106package, 107go into the 108.Pa /etc/amd 109directory and set it up by 110renaming 111.Pa master.sample 112to 113.Pa master 114and editing it and creating other maps as needed. 115Alternatively, you can get your maps with YP. 116.Pp 117Relevant 118.Xr rc.conf 8 119variables: 120.Va amd_flags 121and 122.Va amd_master . 123.Ss Domain Name Server (DNS) 124If you are using a name server, check the 125.Pa /etc/resolv.conf 126file. 127It may look something like: 128.Bd -literal -offset indent 129domain nts.umn.edu 130nameserver 128.101.101.101 131nameserver 134.84.84.84 132search nts.umn.edu. umn.edu. 133lookup file bind 134.Ed 135.Pp 136If using a caching name server, add the line "nameserver 127.0.0.1" first. 137.Pp 138Relevant 139.Xr rc.conf 8 140variables: 141.Va named_flags 142and 143.Va unbound_flags . 144.Ss Clock synchronisation 145In order to make sure the system clock is correct, 146it may be synchronised with a number of external sources. 147The utilities available are: 148.Xr ntpd 8 149and 150.Xr rdate 8 . 151.Pp 152Relevant 153.Xr rc.conf 8 154variables: 155.Va ntpd_flags . 156.Ss BOOTP/DHCP server 157If this is a 158BOOTP or DHCP 159server, edit 160.Pa /etc/dhcpd.conf 161as needed. 162See also 163.Xr diskless 8 . 164.Pp 165Relevant 166.Xr rc.conf 8 167variables: 168.Va bootparamd_flags , 169.Va dhcpd_flags , 170and 171.Va dhcrelay_flags . 172.Ss HP remote boot server 173Edit 174.Pa /etc/rbootd.conf 175if needed for remote booting. 176If you do not have HP computers doing remote booting, do not enable this. 177See also 178.Xr diskless 8 . 179.Pp 180Relevant 181.Xr rc.conf 8 182variables: 183.Va rbootd_flags . 184.Ss httpd web server (HTTP) 185On 186.Ox 187it will 188.Xr chroot 2 189to 190.Pa /var/www . 191Detailed information is available in 192.Xr httpd 8 193and 194.Xr httpd.conf 5 . 195.Pp 196Relevant 197.Xr rc.conf 8 198variables: 199.Va httpd_flags . 200.Ss NFS server 201If this is an NFS server, 202edit 203.Pa /etc/exports . 204.Pp 205Relevant 206.Xr rc.conf 8 207variables: 208.Va mountd_flags 209and 210.Va nfsd_flags . 211.Ss Relay Daemon 212A relay daemon, 213.Xr relayd 8 , 214able to run as a 215load-balancer, application layer gateway, or transparent proxy. 216.Pp 217Relevant 218.Xr rc.conf 8 219variables: 220.Va relayd_flags . 221.Ss Routing Daemons 222Various daemons for managing routing tables are available: 223.Xr bgpd 8 , 224.Xr ospfd 8 , 225and 226.Xr ripd 8 . 227.Pp 228Relevant 229.Xr rc.conf 8 230variables: 231.Va bgpd_flags , 232.Va ospfd_flags , 233and 234.Va ripd_flags . 235.Ss RPC-based network services 236Several services depend on the RPC portmapper, 237.Xr portmap 8 , 238being running for proper operation. 239This includes YP and NFS exports, among other services. 240.Pp 241Relevant 242.Xr rc.conf 8 243variables: 244.Va portmap_flags . 245.Ss YP setup 246Check the YP domain name with the 247.Xr domainname 1 248command. 249If necessary, correct it by editing the 250.Pa /etc/defaultdomain 251file (see 252.Xr defaultdomain 5 ) . 253The 254.Pa /etc/netstart 255script reads this file on boot to determine and set the domain name. 256You may also set the running system's domain name with the 257.Xr domainname 1 258command. 259.Pp 260Relevant 261.Xr rc.conf 8 262variables: 263.Va ypbind_flags . 264.Pp 265After starting YP client services, perform the remaining YP activation 266as described in 267.Xr passwd 5 268and 269.Xr group 5 . 270.Pp 271In particular, to enable YP passwd support, you'll need to add the following 272line to 273.Pa /etc/master.passwd : 274.Pp 275.Dl +:*:::::::: 276.Pp 277You do this by using 278.Xr vipw 8 . 279.Pp 280There are many more YP man pages available to help you. 281You can find more information by starting with 282.Xr yp 8 . 283.Sh SEE ALSO 284.Xr afterboot 8 , 285.Xr rc 8 , 286.Xr rc.conf 8 287.Sh HISTORY 288The 289.Nm intro 290section manual page appeared in 291.Bx 4.2 . 292