1.\" $OpenBSD: intro.8,v 1.21 2011/10/06 22:22:11 jmc Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: intro.8,v 1.3 1994/11/30 19:36:24 jtc Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 32.\" 33.Dd $Mdocdate: October 6 2011 $ 34.Dt INTRO 8 35.Os 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm intro 38.Nd introduction to system maintenance and operation commands 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The manual pages in section 8 contain information related to 41system operation and maintenance. 42They describe commands concerning file systems, 43such as 44.Xr edquota 8 , 45.Xr fsck 8 , 46.Xr mount 8 , 47and 48.Xr newfs 8 . 49They also cover commands concerning system backup/recovery, such as 50.Xr dump 8 51and 52.Xr restore 8 . 53.Pp 54There are pages which document the running of the system, such as 55.Xr afterboot 8 , 56.Xr ifconfig 8 , 57.Xr security 8 , 58and the configuration files located in 59.Pa /etc . 60Procedures concerning system failure are documented in 61.Xr crash 8 . 62.Pp 63Section 8 pages also describe network services and daemons. 64The rest of this page discusses some of the main daemons 65available on the 66.Ox 67system, 68and how to enable/disable them. 69.Pp 70System daemons are controlled by the script 71.Xr rc 8 , 72which is in turn configured by 73.Xr rc.conf 8 . 74For example the HTTP daemon 75.Xr httpd 8 76is controlled by the following line from 77.Xr rc.conf 8 : 78.Bd -literal -offset indent 79httpd_flags=NO 80.Ed 81.Pp 82Thus it is not started by default. 83To enable or disable daemon processes, 84administrators should edit the file 85.Xr rc.conf.local 8 , 86which overrides 87.Xr rc.conf 8 . 88So to enable 89.Xr httpd 8 , 90the following line might be added to 91.Pa /etc/rc.conf.local : 92.Bd -literal -offset indent 93httpd_flags="" 94.Ed 95or 96.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact 97httpd_flags="-DSSL" 98.Ed 99.Pp 100As can be seen above, 101this method is also used to specify additional options. 102.Pp 103Below is a list of some of the daemons available. 104For further information, see 105.Xr rc 8 106and the individual pages for the utilities. 107.Ss Apache web server (HTTP) 108The apache web server, 109.Xr httpd 8 . 110On 111.Ox , 112it will 113.Xr chroot 2 114to the 115.Dq ServerRoot 116path. 117Detailed information is available in 118.Pa /usr/share/doc/html/httpd/ . 119.Pp 120Relevant 121.Xr rc.conf 8 122variables: 123.Va httpd_flags . 124.Ss Automounter daemon (amd) 125If using the 126.Xr amd 8 127package, 128go into the 129.Pa /etc/amd 130directory and set it up by 131renaming 132.Pa master.sample 133to 134.Pa master 135and editing it and creating other maps as needed. 136Alternatively, you can get your maps with YP. 137.Pp 138Relevant 139.Xr rc.conf 8 140variables: 141.Va amd_flags 142and 143.Va amd_master . 144.Ss BIND name server (DNS) 145If you are using the BIND name server, check the 146.Pa /etc/resolv.conf 147file. 148It may look something like: 149.Bd -literal -offset indent 150domain nts.umn.edu 151nameserver 128.101.101.101 152nameserver 134.84.84.84 153search nts.umn.edu. umn.edu. 154lookup file bind 155.Ed 156.Pp 157If using a caching name server, add the line "nameserver 127.0.0.1" first. 158.Pp 159Relevant 160.Xr rc.conf 8 161variables: 162.Va named_flags . 163.Ss Clock synchronisation 164In order to make sure the system clock is correct, 165it may be synchronised with a number of external sources. 166The utilities available are: 167.Xr ntpd 8 168and 169.Xr rdate 8 . 170.Pp 171Relevant 172.Xr rc.conf 8 173variables: 174.Va ntpd_flags . 175.Ss BOOTP/DHCP server 176If this is a 177BOOTP or DHCP 178server, edit 179.Pa /etc/dhcpd.conf 180as needed. 181See also 182.Xr diskless 8 . 183.Pp 184Relevant 185.Xr rc.conf 8 186variables: 187.Va bootparamd_flags , 188.Va dhcpd_flags , 189and 190.Va dhcrelay_flags . 191.Ss HP remote boot server 192Edit 193.Pa /etc/rbootd.conf 194if needed for remote booting. 195If you do not have HP computers doing remote booting, do not enable this. 196See also 197.Xr diskless 8 . 198.Pp 199Relevant 200.Xr rc.conf 8 201variables: 202.Va rbootd_flags . 203.Ss Kerberos 204If you are going to use 205.Xr kerberos 8 206for authentication, and you already have a 207Kerberos 208master, change directory to 209.Pa /etc/kerberosV 210and configure. 211Remember to get a 212.Pa keytab 213from the master so that the remote commands work. 214.Pp 215Relevant 216.Xr rc.conf 8 217variables: 218.Va kdc_flags , 219.Va kadmind_flags , 220and 221.Va kpasswdd_flags . 222.Ss NFS server 223If this is an NFS server, 224edit 225.Pa /etc/exports . 226.Pp 227Relevant 228.Xr rc.conf 8 229variables: 230.Va mountd_flags 231and 232.Va nfsd_flags . 233.Ss Relay Daemon 234A relay daemon, 235.Xr relayd 8 , 236able to run as a 237load-balancer, application layer gateway, or transparent proxy. 238.Pp 239Relevant 240.Xr rc.conf 8 241variables: 242.Va relayd_flags . 243.Ss Routing Daemons 244Various daemons for managing routing tables are available: 245.Xr bgpd 8 , 246.Xr ospfd 8 , 247and 248.Xr ripd 8 . 249.Pp 250Relevant 251.Xr rc.conf 8 252variables: 253.Va bgpd_flags , 254.Va ospfd_flags , 255and 256.Va ripd_flags . 257.Ss RPC-based network services 258Several services depend on the RPC portmapper, 259.Xr portmap 8 , 260being running for proper operation. 261This includes YP and NFS exports, among other services. 262.Pp 263Relevant 264.Xr rc.conf 8 265variables: 266.Va portmap_flags . 267.Ss YP setup 268Check the YP domain name with the 269.Xr domainname 1 270command. 271If necessary, correct it by editing the 272.Pa /etc/defaultdomain 273file (see 274.Xr defaultdomain 5 ) . 275The 276.Pa /etc/netstart 277script reads this file on boot to determine and set the domain name. 278You may also set the running system's domain name with the 279.Xr domainname 1 280command. 281.Pp 282Relevant 283.Xr rc.conf 8 284variables: 285.Va ypbind_flags . 286.Pp 287After starting YP client services, perform the remaining YP activation 288as described in 289.Xr passwd 5 290and 291.Xr group 5 . 292.Pp 293In particular, to enable YP passwd support, you'll need to add the following 294line to 295.Pa /etc/master.passwd : 296.Pp 297.Dl +:*:::::::: 298.Pp 299You do this by using 300.Xr vipw 8 . 301.Pp 302There are many more YP man pages available to help you. 303You can find more information by starting with 304.Xr yp 8 . 305.Sh SEE ALSO 306.Xr afterboot 8 , 307.Xr rc 8 , 308.Xr rc.conf 8 309.Sh HISTORY 310The 311.Nm intro 312section manual page appeared in 313.Bx 4.2 . 314