1.\" $OpenBSD: mandoc_char.7,v 1.12 2011/09/18 10:38:57 schwarze Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: September 18 2011 $ 18.Dt MANDOC_CHAR 7 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm mandoc_char 22.Nd mandoc special characters 23.Sh DESCRIPTION 24This page documents the special characters and predefined strings accepted by 25.Xr mandoc 1 26to format 27.Xr mdoc 7 28and 29.Xr man 7 30documents. 31.Pp 32Both 33.Xr mdoc 7 34and 35.Xr man 7 36encode special characters with 37.Sq \eX 38.Pq for a one-character escape , 39.Sq \e(XX 40.Pq two-character , 41and 42.Sq \e[N] 43.Pq N-character . 44One may generalise 45.Sq \e(XX 46as 47.Sq \e[XX] 48and 49.Sq \eX 50as 51.Sq \e[X] . 52Predefined strings are functionally similar to special characters, using 53.Sq \e*X 54.Pq for a one-character escape , 55.Sq \e*(XX 56.Pq two-character , 57and 58.Sq \e*[N] 59.Pq N-character . 60One may generalise 61.Sq \e*(XX 62as 63.Sq \e*[XX] 64and 65.Sq \e*X 66as 67.Sq \e*[X] . 68.Pp 69Note that each output mode will have a different rendering of the 70characters. 71It's guaranteed that each input symbol will correspond to a 72(more or less) meaningful output rendering, regardless the mode. 73.Sh SPECIAL CHARACTERS 74These are the preferred input symbols for producing special characters. 75.Pp 76Spacing: 77.Bl -column "Input" "Description" -offset indent -compact 78.It Em Input Ta Em Description 79.It \e~ Ta non-breaking, non-collapsing space 80.It \e Ta breaking, non-collapsing n-width space 81.It \e^ Ta zero-width space 82.It \e% Ta zero-width space 83.It \e& Ta zero-width space 84.It \e| Ta zero-width space 85.It \e0 Ta breaking, non-collapsing digit-width space 86.It \ec Ta removes any trailing space (if applicable) 87.El 88.Pp 89Lines: 90.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 91.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 92.It \e(ba Ta \(ba Ta bar 93.It \e(br Ta \(br Ta box rule 94.It \e(ul Ta \(ul Ta underscore 95.It \e(rl Ta \(rl Ta overline 96.It \e(bb Ta \(bb Ta broken bar 97.It \e(sl Ta \(sl Ta forward slash 98.It \e(rs Ta \(rs Ta backward slash 99.El 100.Pp 101Text markers: 102.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 103.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 104.It \e(ci Ta \(ci Ta circle 105.It \e(bu Ta \(bu Ta bullet 106.It \e(dd Ta \(dd Ta double dagger 107.It \e(dg Ta \(dg Ta dagger 108.It \e(lz Ta \(lz Ta lozenge 109.It \e(sq Ta \(sq Ta white square 110.It \e(ps Ta \(ps Ta paragraph 111.It \e(sc Ta \(sc Ta section 112.It \e(lh Ta \(lh Ta left hand 113.It \e(rh Ta \(rh Ta right hand 114.It \e(at Ta \(at Ta at 115.It \e(sh Ta \(sh Ta hash (pound) 116.It \e(CR Ta \(CR Ta carriage return 117.It \e(OK Ta \(OK Ta check mark 118.El 119.Pp 120Legal symbols: 121.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 122.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 123.It \e(co Ta \(co Ta copyright 124.It \e(rg Ta \(rg Ta registered 125.It \e(tm Ta \(tm Ta trademarked 126.El 127.Pp 128Punctuation: 129.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 130.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 131.It \e(em Ta \(em Ta em-dash 132.It \e(en Ta \(en Ta en-dash 133.It \e(hy Ta \(hy Ta hyphen 134.It \ee Ta \e Ta back-slash 135.It \e. Ta \. Ta period 136.It \e(r! Ta \(r! Ta upside-down exclamation 137.It \e(r? Ta \(r? Ta upside-down question 138.El 139.Pp 140Quotes: 141.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 142.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 143.It \e(Bq Ta \(Bq Ta right low double-quote 144.It \e(bq Ta \(bq Ta right low single-quote 145.It \e(lq Ta \(lq Ta left double-quote 146.It \e(rq Ta \(rq Ta right double-quote 147.It \e(oq Ta \(oq Ta left single-quote 148.It \e(cq Ta \(cq Ta right single-quote 149.It \e(aq Ta \(aq Ta apostrophe quote (text) 150.It \e(dq Ta \(dq Ta double quote (text) 151.It \e(Fo Ta \(Fo Ta left guillemet 152.It \e(Fc Ta \(Fc Ta right guillemet 153.It \e(fo Ta \(fo Ta left single guillemet 154.It \e(fc Ta \(fc Ta right single guillemet 155.El 156.Pp 157Brackets: 158.Bl -column "xxbracketrightbpx" Rendered Description -offset indent -compact 159.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 160.It \e(lB Ta \(lB Ta left bracket 161.It \e(rB Ta \(rB Ta right bracket 162.It \e(lC Ta \(lC Ta left brace 163.It \e(rC Ta \(rC Ta right brace 164.It \e(la Ta \(la Ta left angle 165.It \e(ra Ta \(ra Ta right angle 166.It \e(bv Ta \(bv Ta brace extension 167.It \e[braceex] Ta \[braceex] Ta brace extension 168.It \e[bracketlefttp] Ta \[bracketlefttp] Ta top-left hooked bracket 169.It \e[bracketleftbp] Ta \[bracketleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked bracket 170.It \e[bracketleftex] Ta \[bracketleftex] Ta left hooked bracket extension 171.It \e[bracketrighttp] Ta \[bracketrighttp] Ta top-right hooked bracket 172.It \e[bracketrightbp] Ta \[bracketrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked bracket 173.It \e[bracketrightex] Ta \[bracketrightex] Ta right hooked bracket extension 174.It \e(lt Ta \(lt Ta top-left hooked brace 175.It \e[bracelefttp] Ta \[bracelefttp] Ta top-left hooked brace 176.It \e(lk Ta \(lk Ta mid-left hooked brace 177.It \e[braceleftmid] Ta \[braceleftmid] Ta mid-left hooked brace 178.It \e(lb Ta \(lb Ta bottom-left hooked brace 179.It \e[braceleftbp] Ta \[braceleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked brace 180.It \e[braceleftex] Ta \[braceleftex] Ta left hooked brace extension 181.It \e(rt Ta \(rt Ta top-left hooked brace 182.It \e[bracerighttp] Ta \[bracerighttp] Ta top-right hooked brace 183.It \e(rk Ta \(rk Ta mid-right hooked brace 184.It \e[bracerightmid] Ta \[bracerightmid] Ta mid-right hooked brace 185.It \e(rb Ta \(rb Ta bottom-right hooked brace 186.It \e[bracerightbp] Ta \[bracerightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked brace 187.It \e[bracerightex] Ta \[bracerightex] Ta right hooked brace extension 188.It \e[parenlefttp] Ta \[parenlefttp] Ta top-left hooked parenthesis 189.It \e[parenleftbp] Ta \[parenleftbp] Ta bottom-left hooked parenthesis 190.It \e[parenleftex] Ta \[parenleftex] Ta left hooked parenthesis extension 191.It \e[parenrighttp] Ta \[parenrighttp] Ta top-right hooked parenthesis 192.It \e[parenrightbp] Ta \[parenrightbp] Ta bottom-right hooked parenthesis 193.It \e[parenrightex] Ta \[parenrightex] Ta right hooked parenthesis extension 194.El 195.Pp 196Arrows: 197.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 198.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 199.It \e(<- Ta \(<- Ta left arrow 200.It \e(-> Ta \(-> Ta right arrow 201.It \e(<> Ta \(<> Ta left-right arrow 202.It \e(da Ta \(da Ta down arrow 203.It \e(ua Ta \(ua Ta up arrow 204.It \e(va Ta \(va Ta up-down arrow 205.It \e(lA Ta \(lA Ta left double-arrow 206.It \e(rA Ta \(rA Ta right double-arrow 207.It \e(hA Ta \(hA Ta left-right double-arrow 208.It \e(uA Ta \(uA Ta up double-arrow 209.It \e(dA Ta \(dA Ta down double-arrow 210.It \e(vA Ta \(vA Ta up-down double-arrow 211.El 212.Pp 213Logical: 214.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 215.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 216.It \e(AN Ta \(AN Ta logical and 217.It \e(OR Ta \(OR Ta logical or 218.It \e(no Ta \(no Ta logical not 219.It \e[tno] Ta \[tno] Ta logical not (text) 220.It \e(te Ta \(te Ta existential quantifier 221.It \e(fa Ta \(fa Ta universal quantifier 222.It \e(st Ta \(st Ta such that 223.It \e(tf Ta \(tf Ta therefore 224.It \e(3d Ta \(3d Ta therefore 225.It \e(or Ta \(or Ta bitwise or 226.El 227.Pp 228Mathematical: 229.Bl -column "xxcoproductxx" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 230.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 231.It \e(pl Ta \(pl Ta plus 232.It \e(mi Ta \(mi Ta minus 233.It \e- Ta \- Ta minus (text) 234.It \e(-+ Ta \(-+ Ta minus-plus 235.It \e(+- Ta \(+- Ta plus-minus 236.It \e[t+-] Ta \[t+-] Ta plus-minus (text) 237.It \e(pc Ta \(pc Ta centre-dot 238.It \e(mu Ta \(mu Ta multiply 239.It \e[tmu] Ta \[tmu] Ta multiply (text) 240.It \e(c* Ta \(c* Ta circle-multiply 241.It \e(c+ Ta \(c+ Ta circle-plus 242.It \e(di Ta \(di Ta divide 243.It \e[tdi] Ta \[tdi] Ta divide (text) 244.It \e(f/ Ta \(f/ Ta fraction 245.It \e(** Ta \(** Ta asterisk 246.It \e(<= Ta \(<= Ta less-than-equal 247.It \e(>= Ta \(>= Ta greater-than-equal 248.It \e(<< Ta \(<< Ta much less 249.It \e(>> Ta \(>> Ta much greater 250.It \e(eq Ta \(eq Ta equal 251.It \e(!= Ta \(!= Ta not equal 252.It \e(== Ta \(== Ta equivalent 253.It \e(ne Ta \(ne Ta not equivalent 254.It \e(=~ Ta \(=~ Ta congruent 255.It \e(-~ Ta \(-~ Ta asymptotically congruent 256.It \e(ap Ta \(ap Ta asymptotically similar 257.It \e(~~ Ta \(~~ Ta approximately similar 258.It \e(~= Ta \(~= Ta approximately equal 259.It \e(pt Ta \(pt Ta proportionate 260.It \e(es Ta \(es Ta empty set 261.It \e(mo Ta \(mo Ta element 262.It \e(nm Ta \(nm Ta not element 263.It \e(sb Ta \(sb Ta proper subset 264.It \e(nb Ta \(nb Ta not subset 265.It \e(sp Ta \(sp Ta proper superset 266.It \e(nc Ta \(nc Ta not superset 267.It \e(ib Ta \(ib Ta reflexive subset 268.It \e(ip Ta \(ip Ta reflexive superset 269.It \e(ca Ta \(ca Ta intersection 270.It \e(cu Ta \(cu Ta union 271.It \e(/_ Ta \(/_ Ta angle 272.It \e(pp Ta \(pp Ta perpendicular 273.It \e(is Ta \(is Ta integral 274.It \e[integral] Ta \[integral] Ta integral 275.It \e[sum] Ta \[sum] Ta summation 276.It \e[product] Ta \[product] Ta product 277.It \e[coproduct] Ta \[coproduct] Ta coproduct 278.It \e(gr Ta \(gr Ta gradient 279.It \e(sr Ta \(sr Ta square root 280.It \e[sqrt] Ta \[sqrt] Ta square root 281.It \e(lc Ta \(lc Ta left-ceiling 282.It \e(rc Ta \(rc Ta right-ceiling 283.It \e(lf Ta \(lf Ta left-floor 284.It \e(rf Ta \(rf Ta right-floor 285.It \e(if Ta \(if Ta infinity 286.It \e(Ah Ta \(Ah Ta aleph 287.It \e(Im Ta \(Im Ta imaginary 288.It \e(Re Ta \(Re Ta real 289.It \e(pd Ta \(pd Ta partial differential 290.It \e(-h Ta \(-h Ta Planck constant over 2\(*p 291.It \e[12] Ta \[12] Ta one-half 292.It \e[14] Ta \[14] Ta one-fourth 293.It \e[34] Ta \[34] Ta three-fourths 294.El 295.Pp 296Ligatures: 297.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 298.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 299.It \e(ff Ta \(ff Ta ff ligature 300.It \e(fi Ta \(fi Ta fi ligature 301.It \e(fl Ta \(fl Ta fl ligature 302.It \e(Fi Ta \(Fi Ta ffi ligature 303.It \e(Fl Ta \(Fl Ta ffl ligature 304.It \e(AE Ta \(AE Ta AE 305.It \e(ae Ta \(ae Ta ae 306.It \e(OE Ta \(OE Ta OE 307.It \e(oe Ta \(oe Ta oe 308.It \e(ss Ta \(ss Ta German eszett 309.It \e(IJ Ta \(IJ Ta IJ ligature 310.It \e(ij Ta \(ij Ta ij ligature 311.El 312.Pp 313Accents: 314.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 315.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 316.It \e(a" Ta \(a" Ta Hungarian umlaut 317.It \e(a- Ta \(a- Ta macron 318.It \e(a. Ta \(a. Ta dotted 319.It \e(a^ Ta \(a^ Ta circumflex 320.It \e(aa Ta \(aa Ta acute 321.It \e' Ta \' Ta acute 322.It \e(ga Ta \(ga Ta grave 323.It \e` Ta \` Ta grave 324.It \e(ab Ta \(ab Ta breve 325.It \e(ac Ta \(ac Ta cedilla 326.It \e(ad Ta \(ad Ta dieresis 327.It \e(ah Ta \(ah Ta caron 328.It \e(ao Ta \(ao Ta ring 329.It \e(a~ Ta \(a~ Ta tilde 330.It \e(ho Ta \(ho Ta ogonek 331.It \e(ha Ta \(ha Ta hat (text) 332.It \e(ti Ta \(ti Ta tilde (text) 333.El 334.Pp 335Accented letters: 336.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 337.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 338.It \e('A Ta \('A Ta acute A 339.It \e('E Ta \('E Ta acute E 340.It \e('I Ta \('I Ta acute I 341.It \e('O Ta \('O Ta acute O 342.It \e('U Ta \('U Ta acute U 343.It \e('a Ta \('a Ta acute a 344.It \e('e Ta \('e Ta acute e 345.It \e('i Ta \('i Ta acute i 346.It \e('o Ta \('o Ta acute o 347.It \e('u Ta \('u Ta acute u 348.It \e(`A Ta \(`A Ta grave A 349.It \e(`E Ta \(`E Ta grave E 350.It \e(`I Ta \(`I Ta grave I 351.It \e(`O Ta \(`O Ta grave O 352.It \e(`U Ta \(`U Ta grave U 353.It \e(`a Ta \(`a Ta grave a 354.It \e(`e Ta \(`e Ta grave e 355.It \e(`i Ta \(`i Ta grave i 356.It \e(`o Ta \(`i Ta grave o 357.It \e(`u Ta \(`u Ta grave u 358.It \e(~A Ta \(~A Ta tilde A 359.It \e(~N Ta \(~N Ta tilde N 360.It \e(~O Ta \(~O Ta tilde O 361.It \e(~a Ta \(~a Ta tilde a 362.It \e(~n Ta \(~n Ta tilde n 363.It \e(~o Ta \(~o Ta tilde o 364.It \e(:A Ta \(:A Ta dieresis A 365.It \e(:E Ta \(:E Ta dieresis E 366.It \e(:I Ta \(:I Ta dieresis I 367.It \e(:O Ta \(:O Ta dieresis O 368.It \e(:U Ta \(:U Ta dieresis U 369.It \e(:a Ta \(:a Ta dieresis a 370.It \e(:e Ta \(:e Ta dieresis e 371.It \e(:i Ta \(:i Ta dieresis i 372.It \e(:o Ta \(:o Ta dieresis o 373.It \e(:u Ta \(:u Ta dieresis u 374.It \e(:y Ta \(:y Ta dieresis y 375.It \e(^A Ta \(^A Ta circumflex A 376.It \e(^E Ta \(^E Ta circumflex E 377.It \e(^I Ta \(^I Ta circumflex I 378.It \e(^O Ta \(^O Ta circumflex O 379.It \e(^U Ta \(^U Ta circumflex U 380.It \e(^a Ta \(^a Ta circumflex a 381.It \e(^e Ta \(^e Ta circumflex e 382.It \e(^i Ta \(^i Ta circumflex i 383.It \e(^o Ta \(^o Ta circumflex o 384.It \e(^u Ta \(^u Ta circumflex u 385.It \e(,C Ta \(,C Ta cedilla C 386.It \e(,c Ta \(,c Ta cedilla c 387.It \e(/L Ta \(/L Ta stroke L 388.It \e(/l Ta \(/l Ta stroke l 389.It \e(/O Ta \(/O Ta stroke O 390.It \e(/o Ta \(/o Ta stroke o 391.It \e(oA Ta \(oA Ta ring A 392.It \e(oa Ta \(oa Ta ring a 393.El 394.Pp 395Special letters: 396.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 397.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 398.It \e(-D Ta \(-D Ta Eth 399.It \e(Sd Ta \(Sd Ta eth 400.It \e(TP Ta \(TP Ta Thorn 401.It \e(Tp Ta \(Tp Ta thorn 402.It \e(.i Ta \(.i Ta dotless i 403.It \e(.j Ta \(.j Ta dotless j 404.El 405.Pp 406Currency: 407.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 408.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 409.It \e(Do Ta \(Do Ta dollar 410.It \e(ct Ta \(ct Ta cent 411.It \e(Eu Ta \(Eu Ta Euro symbol 412.It \e(eu Ta \(eu Ta Euro symbol 413.It \e(Ye Ta \(Ye Ta yen 414.It \e(Po Ta \(Po Ta pound 415.It \e(Cs Ta \(Cs Ta Scandinavian 416.It \e(Fn Ta \(Fn Ta florin 417.El 418.Pp 419Units: 420.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 421.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 422.It \e(de Ta \(de Ta degree 423.It \e(%0 Ta \(%0 Ta per-thousand 424.It \e(fm Ta \(fm Ta minute 425.It \e(sd Ta \(sd Ta second 426.It \e(mc Ta \(mc Ta micro 427.El 428.Pp 429Greek letters: 430.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent -compact 431.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 432.It \e(*A Ta \(*A Ta Alpha 433.It \e(*B Ta \(*B Ta Beta 434.It \e(*G Ta \(*G Ta Gamma 435.It \e(*D Ta \(*D Ta Delta 436.It \e(*E Ta \(*E Ta Epsilon 437.It \e(*Z Ta \(*Z Ta Zeta 438.It \e(*Y Ta \(*Y Ta Eta 439.It \e(*H Ta \(*H Ta Theta 440.It \e(*I Ta \(*I Ta Iota 441.It \e(*K Ta \(*K Ta Kappa 442.It \e(*L Ta \(*L Ta Lambda 443.It \e(*M Ta \(*M Ta Mu 444.It \e(*N Ta \(*N Ta Nu 445.It \e(*C Ta \(*C Ta Xi 446.It \e(*O Ta \(*O Ta Omicron 447.It \e(*P Ta \(*P Ta Pi 448.It \e(*R Ta \(*R Ta Rho 449.It \e(*S Ta \(*S Ta Sigma 450.It \e(*T Ta \(*T Ta Tau 451.It \e(*U Ta \(*U Ta Upsilon 452.It \e(*F Ta \(*F Ta Phi 453.It \e(*X Ta \(*X Ta Chi 454.It \e(*Q Ta \(*Q Ta Psi 455.It \e(*W Ta \(*W Ta Omega 456.It \e(*a Ta \(*a Ta alpha 457.It \e(*b Ta \(*b Ta beta 458.It \e(*g Ta \(*g Ta gamma 459.It \e(*d Ta \(*d Ta delta 460.It \e(*e Ta \(*e Ta epsilon 461.It \e(*z Ta \(*z Ta zeta 462.It \e(*y Ta \(*y Ta eta 463.It \e(*h Ta \(*h Ta theta 464.It \e(*i Ta \(*i Ta iota 465.It \e(*k Ta \(*k Ta kappa 466.It \e(*l Ta \(*l Ta lambda 467.It \e(*m Ta \(*m Ta mu 468.It \e(*n Ta \(*n Ta nu 469.It \e(*c Ta \(*c Ta xi 470.It \e(*o Ta \(*o Ta omicron 471.It \e(*p Ta \(*p Ta pi 472.It \e(*r Ta \(*r Ta rho 473.It \e(*s Ta \(*s Ta sigma 474.It \e(*t Ta \(*t Ta tau 475.It \e(*u Ta \(*u Ta upsilon 476.It \e(*f Ta \(*f Ta phi 477.It \e(*x Ta \(*x Ta chi 478.It \e(*q Ta \(*q Ta psi 479.It \e(*w Ta \(*w Ta omega 480.It \e(+h Ta \(+h Ta theta variant 481.It \e(+f Ta \(+f Ta phi variant 482.It \e(+p Ta \(+p Ta pi variant 483.It \e(+e Ta \(+e Ta epsilon variant 484.It \e(ts Ta \(ts Ta sigma terminal 485.El 486.Sh PREDEFINED STRINGS 487Predefined strings are inherited from the macro packages of historical 488troff implementations. 489They are 490.Em not recommended 491for use, as they differ across implementations. 492Manuals using these predefined strings are almost certainly not 493portable. 494.Bl -column "Input" "Rendered" "Description" -offset indent 495.It Em Input Ta Em Rendered Ta Em Description 496.It \e*(Ba Ta \*(Ba Ta vertical bar 497.It \e*(Ne Ta \*(Ne Ta not equal 498.It \e*(Ge Ta \*(Ge Ta greater-than-equal 499.It \e*(Le Ta \*(Le Ta less-than-equal 500.It \e*(Gt Ta \*(Gt Ta greater-than 501.It \e*(Lt Ta \*(Lt Ta less-than 502.It \e*(Pm Ta \*(Pm Ta plus-minus 503.It \e*(If Ta \*(If Ta infinity 504.It \e*(Pi Ta \*(Pi Ta pi 505.It \e*(Na Ta \*(Na Ta NaN 506.It \e*(Am Ta \*(Am Ta ampersand 507.It \e*R Ta \*R Ta restricted mark 508.It \e*(Tm Ta \*(Tm Ta trade mark 509.It \e*q Ta \*q Ta double-quote 510.It \e*(Rq Ta \*(Rq Ta right-double-quote 511.It \e*(Lq Ta \*(Lq Ta left-double-quote 512.It \e*(lp Ta \*(lp Ta right-parenthesis 513.It \e*(rp Ta \*(rp Ta left-parenthesis 514.It \e*(lq Ta \*(lq Ta left double-quote 515.It \e*(rq Ta \*(rq Ta right double-quote 516.It \e*(ua Ta \*(ua Ta up arrow 517.It \e*(va Ta \*(va Ta up-down arrow 518.It \e*(<= Ta \*(<= Ta less-than-equal 519.It \e*(>= Ta \*(>= Ta greater-than-equal 520.It \e*(aa Ta \*(aa Ta acute 521.It \e*(ga Ta \*(ga Ta grave 522.It \e*(Px Ta \*(Px Ta POSIX standard name 523.It \e*(Ai Ta \*(Ai Ta ANSI standard name 524.El 525.Sh UNICODE CHARACTERS 526The escape sequence 527.Pp 528.Dl \e[uXXXX] 529.Pp 530is interpreted as a Unicode codepoint. 531The codepoint must be in the range above U+0080 and less than U+10FFFF. 532For compatibility, points must be zero-padded to four characters; if 533greater than four characters, no zero padding is allowed. 534Unicode surrogates are not allowed. 535.Sh NUMBERED CHARACTERS 536For backward compatibility with existing manuals, 537.Xr mandoc 1 538also supports the 539.Pp 540.Dl \eN\(aq Ns Ar number Ns \(aq 541.Pp 542escape sequence, inserting the character 543.Ar number 544from the current character set into the output. 545Of course, this is inherently non-portable and is already marked 546as deprecated in the Heirloom roff manual. 547For example, do not use \eN'34', use \e(dq, or even the plain 548.Sq \(dq 549character where possible. 550.Sh COMPATIBILITY 551This section documents compatibility between mandoc and other other 552troff implementations, at this time limited to GNU troff 553.Pq Qq groff . 554.Pp 555.Bl -dash -compact 556.It 557The \eN\(aq\(aq escape sequence is limited to printable characters; in 558groff, it accepts arbitrary character numbers. 559.It 560In 561.Fl T Ns Cm ascii , 562the 563\e(ss, \e(nm, \e(nb, \e(nc, \e(ib, \e(ip, \e(pp, \e[sum], \e[product], 564\e[coproduct], \e(gr, \e(\-h, and \e(a. special characters render 565differently between mandoc and groff. 566.It 567In 568.Fl T Ns Cm html 569and 570.Fl T Ns Cm xhtml , 571the \e(~=, \e(nb, and \e(nc special characters render differently 572between mandoc and groff. 573.It 574The 575.Fl T Ns Cm ps 576and 577.Fl T Ns Cm pdf 578modes format like 579.Fl T Ns Cm ascii 580instead of rendering glyphs as in groff. 581.It 582The \e[radicalex], \e[sqrtex], and \e(ru special characters have been omitted 583from mandoc either because they are poorly documented or they have no 584known representation. 585.El 586.Sh SEE ALSO 587.Xr mandoc 1 588.Sh AUTHORS 589The 590.Nm 591manual page was written by 592.An Kristaps Dzonsons , 593.Mt kristaps@bsd.lv . 594.Sh CAVEATS 595The 596.Sq \e*(Ba 597escape mimics the behaviour of the 598.Sq \&| 599character in 600.Xr mdoc 7 ; 601thus, if you wish to render a vertical bar with no side effects, use 602the 603.Sq \e(ba 604escape. 605