1.\" $OpenBSD: rtwn.4,v 1.8 2019/03/29 17:16:35 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2010 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr> 4.\" Copyright (c) 2015 Stefan Sperling <stsp@openbsd.org> 5.\" 6.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 7.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 8.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 9.\" 10.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 11.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 12.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 13.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 14.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 15.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 16.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 17.\" 18.Dd $Mdocdate: March 29 2019 $ 19.Dt RTWN 4 20.Os 21.Sh NAME 22.Nm rtwn 23.Nd Realtek RTL8188CE/RTL8188EE/RTL8192CE/RTL8723AE PCIe IEEE 802.11b/g/n 24wireless network device 25.Sh SYNOPSIS 26.Cd "rtwn* at pci? port ?" 27.Sh DESCRIPTION 28The 29.Nm 30driver supports PCIe wireless network devices based on the Realtek 31RTL8188CE, RTL8188EE, RTL8192CE and RTL8723AE chipsets. 32.Pp 33The RTL8188CE, RTL8188EE and RTL8723AE are highly integrated 802.11n adapters 34that combine a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip. 35The RTL8723AE also includes a Bluetooth 2.1/3.0/4.0 controller. 36.Pp 37The RTL8192CE is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO) 38802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an 39RF in a single chip. 40.Pp 41These devices operate in the 2GHz spectrum only. 42.Pp 43These are the modes the 44.Nm 45driver can operate in: 46.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 47.It BSS mode 48Also known as 49.Em infrastructure 50mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 51which all traffic passes. 52This mode is the default. 53.It monitor mode 54In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 55associating with an access point. 56This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 57capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 58or to scan for access points. 59.El 60.Pp 61The 62.Nm 63driver can be configured to use 64Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 65Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 66WPA is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 67It is strongly recommended that WEP 68not be used as the sole mechanism 69to secure wireless communication, 70due to serious weaknesses in it. 71.Pp 72The 73.Nm 74driver can be configured at runtime with 75.Xr ifconfig 8 76or on boot with 77.Xr hostname.if 5 . 78.Sh FILES 79The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware files, 80which are loaded when an interface is brought up: 81.Pp 82.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 83.It Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8188efw 84.It Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8192cfwU 85.It Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8192cfwU_B 86.It Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8723fw 87.It Pa /etc/firmware/rtwn-rtl8723fw_B 88.El 89.Pp 90A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 91.Xr fw_update 1 . 92.Sh EXAMPLES 93The following example scans for available networks: 94.Pp 95.Dl # ifconfig rtwn0 scan 96.Pp 97The following 98.Xr hostname.if 5 99example configures rtwn0 to join network 100.Dq mynwid , 101using WPA key 102.Dq mywpakey , 103obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 104.Bd -literal -offset indent 105nwid mynwid wpakey mywpakey 106dhcp 107.Ed 108.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 109.Bl -diag 110.It "rtwn0: could not read firmware ..." 111For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the 112filesystem. 113The file might be missing or corrupted. 114.It "rtwn0: device timeout" 115A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 116The driver will reset the hardware. 117This should not happen. 118.El 119.Sh SEE ALSO 120.Xr arp 4 , 121.Xr ifmedia 4 , 122.Xr intro 4 , 123.Xr netintro 4 , 124.Xr pci 4 , 125.Xr hostname.if 5 , 126.Xr ifconfig 8 127.Sh HISTORY 128The 129.Nm 130driver first appeared in 131.Ox 5.8 . 132.Sh AUTHORS 133The 134.Nm 135driver was written by 136.An -nosplit 137.An Stefan Sperling Aq Mt stsp@openbsd.org . 138It was based on the 139.Xr urtwn 4 140driver written by 141.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr . 142.Sh CAVEATS 143The 144.Nm 145driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the 146adapters. 147Additional work is required in 148.Xr ieee80211 9 149before those features can be supported. 150.Pp 151This driver does not support powersave mode. 152