1.\" $OpenBSD: midi.4,v 1.5 2000/12/21 21:01:17 aaron Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: midi.4,v 1.4 1998/08/22 14:45:35 augustss Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1997 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 5.\" All rights reserved. 6.\" 7 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD 19.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its 21.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 22.\" from this software without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 25.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 26.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 27.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 28.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 29.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 30.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 31.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 32.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 33.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 34.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.Dd August 6, 1998 37.Dt MIDI 4 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm midi 41.Nd device-independent MIDI driver layer 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Cd "midi* at opl?" 44.Cd "midi* at pcppi?" 45.Cd "midi* at sb?" 46.Cd "midi* at wss?" 47.Ct "midi* at ym?" 48.Ct "midi* at mpu?" 49.Cd "pseudo-device sequencer" 50.Pp 51.Fd #include <sys/types.h> 52.Fd #include <sys/midiio.h> 53.Sh DESCRIPTION 54The 55.Nm 56driver provides support for various MIDI peripherals. 57It provides a uniform programming interface layer above different 58underlying MIDI hardware drivers. The MIDI hardware can be of many 59different kinds, e.g., an external synthesizer on a MIDI port (or a serial port), 60the PC speaker, an internal FM synth, or a wavetable synth. 61.Pp 62There are two device file types available for MIDI operation: 63.Pa /dev/rmidiN , 64and 65.Pa /dev/music . 66The 67.Pa /dev/rmidiN 68devices provides raw access to a MIDI device. Data written is sent 69to the physical device as fast as possible and is uninterpreted. 70Reading from the device returns data as soon as it becomes available. 71A moderate amount of buffering is available both for reading and writing. 72The raw MIDI devices are mostly useful for non realtime operations, such as 73downloading patches to a device, since it is hard to get the accurate timing 74needed for quality music from a user program. But the devices can act as 75a simple patchboard for MIDI devices. For example, a MIDI keyboard could 76be connected to a synthesizer by the command 77.Pp 78.Cd "cat -u /dev/rmidi1 >/dev/rmidi2" 79.Pp 80The 81.Pa /dev/music 82device is a MIDI sequencer device. Data sent to and from this device 83not only contains the information sent to the MIDI device, but also 84timing information. The kernel will make sure that data is sent 85to the physical device at the indicated time. The sequencer device 86uses the 87.Pa /dev/midiN 88devices internally and they are unavailable when used by the sequencer. 89.Pp 90The API for the sequencer device is binary compatible with the OSS sequencer 91interface. 92.Sh FILES 93.Bl -tag -width /dev/sequencer -compact 94.It Pa /dev/rmidiN 95.It Pa /dev/music 96.It Pa /dev/sequencer 97.El 98.Sh SEE ALSO 99.Xr midiplay 1 , 100.Xr ioctl 2 , 101.Xr ossaudio 3 , 102.Xr audio 4 , 103.Xr opl 4 , 104.Xr pcppi 4 , 105.Xr sb 4 , 106.Xr wss 4 . 107.Sh HISTORY 108The 109.Nm 110driver first appeared in 111.Nx 1.4 . 112.Sh BUGS 113This man page is very incomplete. 114.Pp 115