1.\" $OpenBSD: ipw.4,v 1.44 2015/02/17 16:29:16 bentley Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2004 4.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following 11.\" disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.Dd $Mdocdate: February 17 2015 $ 29.Dt IPW 4 30.Os 31.Sh NAME 32.Nm ipw 33.Nd Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 IEEE 802.11b wireless network device 34.Sh SYNOPSIS 35.Cd "ipw* at pci?" 36.Sh DESCRIPTION 37The 38.Nm 39driver provides support for the 40.Tn Intel 41PRO/Wireless 2100 Mini PCI network 42adapter. 43.Pp 44These are the modes the 45.Nm 46driver can operate in: 47.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 48.It BSS mode 49Also known as 50.Em infrastructure 51mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 52which all traffic passes. 53This mode is the default. 54.It IBSS mode 55Also known as 56.Em IEEE ad-hoc 57mode or 58.Em peer-to-peer 59mode. 60This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. 61Stations associate with a service set. 62However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer. 63.It monitor mode 64In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 65associating with an access point. 66This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 67capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 68or to scan for access points. 69.El 70.Pp 71The 72.Nm 73driver can be configured to use 74Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 75Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 76WPA is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 77It is strongly recommended that WEP 78not be used as the sole mechanism 79to secure wireless communication, 80due to serious weaknesses in it. 81The 82.Nm 83driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 84of data frames. 85.Pp 86The 87.Nm 88driver can be configured at runtime with 89.Xr ifconfig 8 90or on boot with 91.Xr hostname.if 5 . 92.Sh FILES 93The driver needs at least version 1.3 of the following firmware files, 94which are loaded when an interface is brought up: 95.Pp 96.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 97.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-bss 98.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-ibss 99.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-monitor 100.El 101.Pp 102These firmware files are not free because Intel refuses to grant 103distribution rights without contractual obligations. 104As a result, even though 105.Ox 106includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 107users have to find these files on their own. 108The official person to state your views to about this issue is 109.Mt majid.awad@intel.com . 110.Pp 111A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 112.Xr fw_update 1 . 113.Sh EXAMPLES 114The following example scans for available networks: 115.Pp 116.Dl # ifconfig ipw0 scan 117.Pp 118The following 119.Xr hostname.if 5 120example configures ipw0 to join network 121.Dq mynwid , 122using WPA key 123.Dq mywpakey , 124obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 125.Bd -literal -offset indent 126nwid mynwid 127wpakey mywpakey 128dhcp 129.Ed 130.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 131.Bl -diag 132.It "ipw0: device timeout" 133The driver will reset the hardware. 134This should not happen. 135.It "ipw0: error N, could not read firmware ..." 136For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the 137filesystem. 138The file might be missing or corrupted. 139.El 140.Sh SEE ALSO 141.Xr arp 4 , 142.Xr ifmedia 4 , 143.Xr intro 4 , 144.Xr netintro 4 , 145.Xr pci 4 , 146.Xr hostname.if 5 , 147.Xr ifconfig 8 148.Sh AUTHORS 149The 150.Nm 151driver was written by 152.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr . 153