1.\" $OpenBSD: bwi.4,v 1.33 2011/09/03 22:59:08 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Marcus Glocker <mglocker@openbsd.org> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: September 3 2011 $ 18.Dt BWI 4 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm bwi 22.Nd Broadcom AirForce IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device 23.Sh SYNOPSIS 24.Cd "bwi* at cardbus?" 25.Cd "bwi* at pci?" 26.Sh DESCRIPTION 27The 28.Nm 29driver provides support for Broadcom AirForce based 30PCI/Cardbus network adapters. 31.Pp 32These are the modes the 33.Nm 34driver can operate in: 35.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 36.It BSS mode 37Also known as 38.Em infrastructure 39mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 40which all traffic passes. 41This mode is the default. 42.\" .It IBSS mode 43.\" Also known as 44.\" .Em IEEE ad-hoc 45.\" mode or 46.\" .Em peer-to-peer 47.\" mode. 48.\" This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. 49.\" Stations associate with a service set. 50.\" However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer. 51.\" .It Host AP 52.\" In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station) 53.\" for other cards. 54.It monitor mode 55In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 56associating with an access point. 57This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 58capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 59or to scan for access points. 60.El 61.Pp 62The 63.Nm 64driver can be configured to use 65Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 66Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 67WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. 68It is strongly recommended that WEP 69not be used as the sole mechanism 70to secure wireless communication, 71due to serious weaknesses in it. 72The 73.Nm 74driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 75of data frames. 76.Pp 77The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the 78driver depending on the received signal strength and on the number of hardware 79transmission retries. 80.Pp 81The 82.Nm 83driver can be configured at runtime with 84.Xr ifconfig 8 85or on boot with 86.Xr hostname.if 5 . 87.Sh FILES 88The driver needs a firmware file which is loaded when an interface is 89brought up: 90.Pp 91.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 92.It Pa /etc/firmware/bwi-airforce 93.El 94.\".Pp 95.\"These firmware files are not free because Broadcom refuses 96.\"to grant distribution rights. 97.\"As a result, even though 98.\".Ox 99.\"includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 100.\"users have to download these files on their own. 101.Pp 102A prepackaged version of the firmware, designed to be used with 103.Xr pkg_add 1 , 104can be found at: 105.Bd -literal -offset 3n 106http://firmware.openbsd.org/firmware/bwi-firmware-1.4.tgz 107.Ed 108.Sh HARDWARE 109The following cards are among those supported by the 110.Nm 111driver: 112.Bl -column "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" "BCM4306" "CardBus" "Standard" -offset 6n 113.It Em Card Ta Em Chip Ta Em Bus Ta Em Standard 114.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 115.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 116.It "ASUS WL-138g" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 117.It "Buffalo WLI-CB-G54" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 118.It "Compaq R4035 onboard" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 119.It "HP nx6125" Ta BCM4319 Ta PCI Ta b/g 120.It "Linksys WPC54G Ver 3" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 121.It "Linksys WPC54GS Ver 2" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 122.It "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 123.It "US Robotics 5411" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 124.El 125.Sh EXAMPLES 126The following 127.Xr hostname.if 5 128example configures bwi0 to join whatever network is available on boot, 129using WEP key 130.Dq 0x1deadbeef1 , 131channel 11, obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 132.Bd -literal -offset indent 133dhcp NONE NONE NONE nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11 134.\".Ed 135.\".Pp 136.\"The following 137.\".Xr hostname.if 5 138.\"example creates a host-based access point on boot: 139.\".Bd -literal -offset indent 140.\"inet 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 NONE media autoselect \e 141.\" mediaopt hostap nwid my_net chan 11 142.Ed 143.Pp 144Configure bwi0 to join network 145.Dq my_net 146using WPA with passphrase 147.Dq my_passphrase : 148.Bd -literal -offset indent 149# ifconfig bwi0 nwid my_net wpakey my_passphrase 150.Ed 151.Pp 152Join an existing BSS network, 153.Dq my_net : 154.Bd -literal -offset indent 155# ifconfig bwi0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net 156.Ed 157.Sh SEE ALSO 158.Xr arp 4 , 159.Xr cardbus 4 , 160.Xr ifmedia 4 , 161.Xr intro 4 , 162.Xr netintro 4 , 163.Xr pci 4 , 164.Xr hostname.if 5 , 165.\".Xr hostapd 8 , 166.Xr ifconfig 8 167.Sh HISTORY 168The 169.Nm 170driver first appeared in 171.Ox 4.3 . 172.Sh AUTHORS 173.An -nosplit 174The 175.Nm 176driver was written for DragonFlyBSD by Sepherosa Ziehau and ported to 177.Ox 178by 179.An Jonathan Gray 180and 181.An Marcus Glocker . 182.Sh CAVEATS 183Some chips are incorrectly calibrated due to the lack of documentation, 184which can slow the amount of traffic to the point of being unusable. 185Furthermore this driver only supports firmware version 3. 186