1 /* $OpenBSD: ping.c,v 1.89 2011/06/21 17:31:07 mikeb Exp $ */ 2 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.20 1995/08/11 22:37:58 cgd Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * 8 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 9 * Mike Muuss. 10 * 11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 13 * are met: 14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 18 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 19 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21 * without specific prior written permission. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33 * SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 /* 37 * P I N G . C 38 * 39 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 40 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 41 * 42 * Author - 43 * Mike Muuss 44 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 45 * December, 1983 46 * 47 * Status - 48 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 49 * Bugs - 50 * More statistics could always be gathered. 51 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 52 */ 53 54 #include <sys/param.h> 55 #include <sys/queue.h> 56 #include <sys/socket.h> 57 #include <sys/file.h> 58 #include <sys/time.h> 59 60 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 61 #include <netinet/in.h> 62 #include <netinet/ip.h> 63 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 64 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 65 #include <arpa/inet.h> 66 #include <netdb.h> 67 #include <signal.h> 68 #include <unistd.h> 69 #include <stdio.h> 70 #include <ctype.h> 71 #include <err.h> 72 #include <errno.h> 73 #include <string.h> 74 #include <stdlib.h> 75 76 struct tvi { 77 u_int tv_sec; 78 u_int tv_usec; 79 }; 80 81 #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ 82 #define MAXIPLEN 60 83 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 84 #define MAXPAYLOAD (IP_MAXPACKET - MAXIPLEN - 8) /* max ICMP payload size */ 85 #define MAXWAIT_DEFAULT 10 /* secs to wait for response */ 86 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 87 88 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 89 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 90 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 91 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 92 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 93 94 /* various options */ 95 int options; 96 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 97 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 98 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 99 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 100 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 101 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 102 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 103 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 104 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 105 #define F_SADDR 0x0200 106 #define F_HDRINCL 0x0400 107 #define F_TTL 0x0800 108 #define F_SO_JUMBO 0x1000 109 #define F_AUD_RECV 0x2000 110 #define F_AUD_MISS 0x4000 111 112 /* multicast options */ 113 int moptions; 114 #define MULTICAST_NOLOOP 0x001 115 #define MULTICAST_TTL 0x002 116 #define MULTICAST_IF 0x004 117 118 /* 119 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 120 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 121 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 122 */ 123 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 124 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 125 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 126 127 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 128 struct sockaddr_in whence; /* Which interface we come from */ 129 unsigned int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 130 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 131 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET]; /* Max packet size = 65535 */ 132 u_char *outpack = outpackhdr+sizeof(struct ip); 133 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 134 char DOT = '.'; 135 char *hostname; 136 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 137 138 /* counters */ 139 unsigned long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 140 unsigned long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 141 unsigned long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 142 unsigned long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 143 unsigned long nmissedmax = 1; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 144 double interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ 145 struct itimerval interstr; /* interval structure for use with setitimer */ 146 147 /* timing */ 148 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 149 unsigned int maxwait = MAXWAIT_DEFAULT; /* max seconds to wait for response */ 150 quad_t tmin = 999999999; /* minimum round trip time in usec */ 151 quad_t tmax = 0; /* maximum round trip time in usec */ 152 quad_t tsum = 0; /* sum of all times in usec, for doing average */ 153 quad_t tsumsq = 0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 154 155 int bufspace = IP_MAXPACKET; 156 157 void fill(char *, char *); 158 void catcher(int signo); 159 void prtsig(int signo); 160 void finish(int signo); 161 void summary(int, int); 162 int in_cksum(u_short *, int); 163 void pinger(void); 164 char *pr_addr(in_addr_t); 165 int check_icmph(struct ip *); 166 void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 167 void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 168 void pr_retip(struct ip *); 169 quad_t qsqrt(quad_t); 170 void pr_iph(struct ip *); 171 void usage(void); 172 173 int 174 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 175 { 176 struct timeval timeout; 177 struct hostent *hp; 178 struct sockaddr_in *to; 179 struct in_addr saddr; 180 int i, ch, hold = 1, packlen, preload, maxsize, df = 0, tos = 0; 181 u_char *datap, *packet, ttl = MAXTTL, loop = 1; 182 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 183 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 184 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 185 #endif 186 socklen_t maxsizelen; 187 const char *errstr; 188 fd_set *fdmaskp; 189 size_t fdmasks; 190 uid_t uid; 191 u_int rtableid; 192 193 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 194 err(1, "socket"); 195 196 /* revoke privs */ 197 uid = getuid(); 198 if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) == -1) 199 err(1, "setresuid"); 200 201 preload = 0; 202 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct tvi)]; 203 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 204 "DEI:LRS:c:defi:jl:np:qrs:T:t:V:vw:")) != -1) 205 switch(ch) { 206 case 'c': 207 npackets = (unsigned long)strtonum(optarg, 0, 208 INT_MAX, &errstr); 209 if (errstr) 210 errx(1, 211 "number of packets to transmit is %s: %s", 212 errstr, optarg); 213 break; 214 case 'D': 215 options |= F_HDRINCL; 216 df = 1; 217 break; 218 case 'd': 219 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 220 break; 221 case 'E': 222 options |= F_AUD_MISS; 223 break; 224 case 'e': 225 options |= F_AUD_RECV; 226 break; 227 case 'f': 228 if (getuid()) 229 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM)); 230 options |= F_FLOOD; 231 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 232 break; 233 case 'I': 234 case 'S': /* deprecated */ 235 if (inet_aton(optarg, &saddr) == 0) { 236 if ((hp = gethostbyname(optarg)) == NULL) 237 errx(1, "bad interface address: %s", 238 optarg); 239 memcpy(&saddr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(saddr)); 240 } 241 options |= F_SADDR; 242 break; 243 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 244 interval = strtod(optarg, NULL); 245 246 if (interval <= 0 || interval >= INT_MAX) 247 errx(1, "bad timing interval: %s", optarg); 248 249 if (interval < 1) 250 if (getuid()) 251 errx(1, "%s: only root may use interval < 1s", 252 strerror(EPERM)); 253 254 if (interval < 0.01) 255 interval = 0.01; 256 257 options |= F_INTERVAL; 258 break; 259 case 'j': 260 options |= F_SO_JUMBO; 261 break; 262 case 'L': 263 moptions |= MULTICAST_NOLOOP; 264 loop = 0; 265 break; 266 case 'l': 267 if (getuid()) 268 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM)); 269 preload = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr); 270 if (errstr) 271 errx(1, "preload value is %s: %s", 272 errstr, optarg); 273 break; 274 case 'n': 275 options |= F_NUMERIC; 276 break; 277 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 278 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 279 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 280 break; 281 case 'q': 282 options |= F_QUIET; 283 break; 284 case 'R': 285 options |= F_RROUTE; 286 break; 287 case 'r': 288 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 289 break; 290 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 291 datalen = (unsigned int)strtonum(optarg, 0, MAXPAYLOAD, &errstr); 292 if (errstr) 293 errx(1, "packet size is %s: %s", 294 errstr, optarg); 295 break; 296 case 'T': 297 options |= F_HDRINCL; 298 tos = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0, 0xff, &errstr); 299 if (errstr) 300 errx(1, "tos value is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); 301 break; 302 case 't': 303 options |= F_TTL; 304 ttl = (u_char)strtonum(optarg, 1, 255, &errstr); 305 if (errstr) 306 errx(1, "ttl value is %s: %s", errstr, optarg); 307 break; 308 case 'V': 309 rtableid = (unsigned int)strtonum(optarg, 0, 310 RT_TABLEID_MAX, &errstr); 311 if (errstr) 312 errx(1, "rtable value is %s: %s", 313 errstr, optarg); 314 315 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RTABLE, &rtableid, 316 sizeof(rtableid)) == -1) 317 err(1, "setsockopt SO_RTABLE"); 318 break; 319 case 'v': 320 options |= F_VERBOSE; 321 break; 322 case 'w': 323 maxwait = (unsigned int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, 324 &errstr); 325 if (errstr) 326 errx(1, "maxwait value is %s: %s", 327 errstr, optarg); 328 break; 329 default: 330 usage(); 331 } 332 argc -= optind; 333 argv += optind; 334 335 if (argc != 1) 336 usage(); 337 338 memset(&interstr, 0, sizeof(interstr)); 339 340 interstr.it_value.tv_sec = (long) interval; 341 interstr.it_value.tv_usec = 342 (long) ((interval - interstr.it_value.tv_sec) * 1000000); 343 344 target = *argv; 345 346 memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(whereto)); 347 to = &whereto; 348 to->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 349 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 350 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) 351 hostname = target; 352 else { 353 hp = gethostbyname(target); 354 if (!hp) 355 errx(1, "unknown host: %s", target); 356 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 357 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, (size_t)hp->h_length); 358 (void)strlcpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf)); 359 hostname = hnamebuf; 360 } 361 362 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 363 errx(1, "-f and -i options are incompatible"); 364 365 if ((options & F_FLOOD) && (options & (F_AUD_RECV | F_AUD_MISS))) 366 warnx("No audible output for flood pings"); 367 368 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct tvi)) /* can we time transfer */ 369 timing = 1; 370 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 371 if (!(packet = malloc((size_t)packlen))) 372 err(1, "malloc"); 373 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 374 for (i = sizeof(struct tvi); i < datalen; ++i) 375 *datap++ = i; 376 377 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 378 379 if (options & F_SADDR) { 380 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 381 moptions |= MULTICAST_IF; 382 else { 383 memset(&whence, 0, sizeof(whence)); 384 whence.sin_len = sizeof(whence); 385 whence.sin_family = AF_INET; 386 memcpy(&whence.sin_addr.s_addr, &saddr, sizeof(saddr)); 387 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&whence, 388 sizeof(whence)) < 0) 389 err(1, "bind"); 390 } 391 } 392 393 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 394 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, &hold, 395 sizeof(hold)); 396 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 397 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, &hold, 398 sizeof(hold)); 399 if (options & F_SO_JUMBO) 400 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_JUMBO, &hold, 401 sizeof(hold)); 402 403 if (options & F_TTL) { 404 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 405 moptions |= MULTICAST_TTL; 406 else 407 options |= F_HDRINCL; 408 } 409 410 if (options & F_RROUTE && options & F_HDRINCL) 411 errx(1, "-R option and -D or -T, or -t to unicast destinations" 412 " are incompatible"); 413 414 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 415 struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 416 417 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 418 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 419 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 420 ip->ip_tos = tos; 421 ip->ip_id = 0; 422 ip->ip_off = htons(df ? IP_DF : 0); 423 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 424 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 425 if (options & F_SADDR) 426 ip->ip_src = saddr; 427 else 428 ip->ip_src.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 429 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 430 } 431 432 /* record route option */ 433 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 434 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 435 errx(1, "record route not valid to multicast destinations"); 436 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 437 memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace)); 438 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 439 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 440 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 441 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 442 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 443 perror("ping: record route"); 444 exit(1); 445 } 446 #else 447 errx(1, "record route not available in this implementation"); 448 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 449 } 450 451 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_NOLOOP) && 452 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 453 sizeof(loop)) < 0) 454 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 455 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_TTL) && 456 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &ttl, 457 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) 458 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 459 if ((moptions & MULTICAST_IF) && 460 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &saddr, 461 sizeof(saddr)) < 0) 462 err(1, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 463 464 /* 465 * When trying to send large packets, you must increase the 466 * size of both the send and receive buffers... 467 */ 468 maxsizelen = sizeof maxsize; 469 if (getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &maxsize, &maxsizelen) < 0) 470 err(1, "getsockopt"); 471 if (maxsize < packlen && 472 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &packlen, sizeof(maxsize)) < 0) 473 err(1, "setsockopt"); 474 475 /* 476 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 477 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 478 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 479 * /etc/ethers. 480 */ 481 while (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 482 (void*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)) < 0) { 483 if ((bufspace -= 1024) <= 0) 484 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 485 } 486 if (bufspace < IP_MAXPACKET) 487 warnx("Could only allocate a receive buffer of %i bytes (default %i)", 488 bufspace, IP_MAXPACKET); 489 490 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) 491 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 492 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), 493 datalen); 494 else 495 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 496 497 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); 498 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 499 #ifdef SIGINFO 500 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 501 #endif 502 503 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 504 pinger(); 505 506 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) 507 catcher(0); /* start things going */ 508 509 fdmasks = howmany(s+1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask); 510 if ((fdmaskp = (fd_set *)malloc(fdmasks)) == NULL) 511 err(1, "malloc"); 512 513 for (;;) { 514 struct sockaddr_in from; 515 sigset_t omask, nmask; 516 socklen_t fromlen; 517 int cc; 518 519 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 520 pinger(); 521 timeout.tv_sec = 0; 522 timeout.tv_usec = 10000; 523 memset(fdmaskp, 0, fdmasks); 524 FD_SET(s, fdmaskp); 525 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)fdmaskp, (fd_set *)NULL, 526 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) 527 continue; 528 } 529 fromlen = sizeof(from); 530 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, packet, packlen, 0, 531 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { 532 if (errno == EINTR) 533 continue; 534 perror("ping: recvfrom"); 535 continue; 536 } 537 sigemptyset(&nmask); 538 sigaddset(&nmask, SIGALRM); 539 sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nmask, &omask); 540 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); 541 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL); 542 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 543 break; 544 } 545 free(fdmaskp); 546 finish(0); 547 /* NOTREACHED */ 548 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 549 } 550 551 /* 552 * catcher -- 553 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then 554 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. 555 * 556 * bug -- 557 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be 558 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the 559 * quality of the delay and loss statistics. 560 */ 561 /* ARGSUSED */ 562 void 563 catcher(int signo) 564 { 565 int save_errno = errno; 566 unsigned int waittime; 567 568 pinger(); 569 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 570 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 571 setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &interstr, (struct itimerval *)0); 572 else { 573 if (nreceived) { 574 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000000; 575 if (!waittime) 576 waittime = 1; 577 } else 578 waittime = maxwait; 579 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); 580 (void)alarm(waittime); 581 } 582 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 583 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 584 if (!(options & F_FLOOD) && (options & F_AUD_MISS)) 585 (void)fputc('\a', stderr); 586 } 587 errno = save_errno; 588 } 589 590 /* 591 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 592 */ 593 /* ARGSUSED */ 594 void 595 prtsig(int signo) 596 { 597 int save_errno = errno; 598 599 summary(0, 1); 600 errno = save_errno; 601 } 602 603 /* 604 * pinger -- 605 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 606 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 607 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 608 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 609 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 610 */ 611 void 612 pinger(void) 613 { 614 struct icmp *icp; 615 char buf[8192]; 616 int cc, i; 617 u_char *packet = outpack; 618 619 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 620 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 621 icp->icmp_code = 0; 622 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 623 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 624 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 625 626 CLR(ntohs(icp->icmp_seq) % mx_dup_ck); 627 628 if (timing) { 629 struct timeval tv; 630 struct tvi tvi; 631 632 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 633 tvi.tv_sec = htonl(tv.tv_sec); 634 tvi.tv_usec = htonl(tv.tv_usec); 635 memcpy(&outpack[8], &tvi, sizeof tvi); 636 } 637 638 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 639 640 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 641 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 642 643 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 644 struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 645 646 packet = (u_char *)ip; 647 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 648 ip->ip_len = htons(cc); 649 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 650 } 651 652 i = sendto(s, packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 653 sizeof(whereto)); 654 655 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 656 if (i < 0) 657 perror("ping: sendto"); 658 snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", 659 hostname, cc, i); 660 write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, strlen(buf)); 661 } 662 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 663 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 664 665 ntransmitted++; 666 } 667 668 /* 669 * pr_pack -- 670 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 671 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 672 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 673 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 674 */ 675 void 676 pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from) 677 { 678 struct icmp *icp; 679 in_addr_t l; 680 u_int i, j; 681 u_char *cp, *dp; 682 static int old_rrlen; 683 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 684 struct ip *ip, *ip2; 685 struct timeval tv, tp; 686 char *pkttime; 687 quad_t triptime = 0; 688 int hlen, hlen2, dupflag; 689 690 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 691 692 /* Check the IP header */ 693 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 694 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 695 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 696 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 697 warnx("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 698 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 699 return; 700 } 701 702 /* Now the ICMP part */ 703 cc -= hlen; 704 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 705 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 706 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 707 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 708 ++nreceived; 709 if (timing) { 710 struct tvi tvi; 711 712 #ifndef icmp_data 713 pkttime = (char *)&icp->icmp_ip; 714 #else 715 pkttime = (char *)icp->icmp_data; 716 #endif 717 memcpy(&tvi, pkttime, sizeof tvi); 718 tp.tv_sec = ntohl(tvi.tv_sec); 719 tp.tv_usec = ntohl(tvi.tv_usec); 720 721 timersub(&tv, &tp, &tv); 722 triptime = (tv.tv_sec * 1000000) + tv.tv_usec; 723 tsum += triptime; 724 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 725 if (triptime < tmin) 726 tmin = triptime; 727 if (triptime > tmax) 728 tmax = triptime; 729 } 730 731 if (TST(ntohs(icp->icmp_seq) % mx_dup_ck)) { 732 ++nrepeats; 733 --nreceived; 734 dupflag = 1; 735 } else { 736 SET(ntohs(icp->icmp_seq) % mx_dup_ck); 737 dupflag = 0; 738 } 739 740 if (options & F_QUIET) 741 return; 742 743 if (options & F_FLOOD) 744 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 745 else { 746 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 747 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 748 ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 749 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 750 if (timing) 751 (void)printf(" time=%d.%03d ms", 752 (int)(triptime / 1000), 753 (int)(triptime % 1000)); 754 if (dupflag) 755 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 756 /* check the data */ 757 if (cc - 8 < datalen) 758 (void)printf(" (TRUNC!)"); 759 cp = (u_char *)&icp->icmp_data[sizeof(struct tvi)]; 760 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct tvi)]; 761 for (i = 8 + sizeof(struct tvi); i < cc && i < datalen; 762 ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 763 if (*cp != *dp) { 764 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d " 765 "should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 766 i - 8, *dp, *cp); 767 cp = (u_char *)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 768 for (i = 8; i < cc && i < datalen; 769 ++i, ++cp) { 770 if ((i % 32) == 8) 771 (void)printf("\n\t"); 772 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 773 } 774 break; 775 } 776 } 777 } 778 } else { 779 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ 780 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) 781 return; 782 ip2 = (struct ip *)(buf + hlen + sizeof (struct icmp)); 783 hlen2 = ip2->ip_hl << 2; 784 if (cc >= hlen2 + 8 && check_icmph(ip2) != 1) 785 return; 786 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 787 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 788 pr_icmph(icp); 789 } 790 791 /* Display any IP options */ 792 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 793 794 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 795 switch (*cp) { 796 case IPOPT_EOL: 797 hlen = 0; 798 break; 799 case IPOPT_LSRR: 800 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 801 hlen -= 2; 802 j = *++cp; 803 ++cp; 804 i = 0; 805 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) { 806 for (;;) { 807 l = *++cp; 808 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 809 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 810 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 811 if (l == 0) 812 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 813 else 814 (void)printf("\t%s", 815 pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 816 hlen -= 4; 817 j -= 4; 818 i += 4; 819 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 820 break; 821 if (i >= MAX_IPOPTLEN) { 822 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 823 break; 824 } 825 (void)putchar('\n'); 826 } 827 } 828 break; 829 case IPOPT_RR: 830 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 831 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 832 hlen -= 2; 833 if (i > j) 834 i = j; 835 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 836 if (i <= 0) 837 continue; 838 if (i == old_rrlen && 839 cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 && 840 !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i) && 841 !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 842 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 843 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 844 hlen -= i; 845 cp += i; 846 break; 847 } 848 if (i < MAX_IPOPTLEN) { 849 old_rrlen = i; 850 memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 851 } else 852 old_rrlen = 0; 853 854 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 855 j = 0; 856 for (;;) { 857 l = *++cp; 858 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 859 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 860 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 861 if (l == 0) 862 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 863 else 864 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 865 hlen -= 4; 866 i -= 4; 867 j += 4; 868 if (i <= 0) 869 break; 870 if (j >= MAX_IPOPTLEN) { 871 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 872 break; 873 } 874 (void)putchar('\n'); 875 } 876 break; 877 case IPOPT_NOP: 878 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 879 break; 880 default: 881 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 882 hlen = hlen - (cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - 1); 883 cp = cp + (cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - 1); 884 break; 885 } 886 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 887 (void)putchar('\n'); 888 (void)fflush(stdout); 889 if (options & F_AUD_RECV) 890 (void)fputc('\a', stderr); 891 } 892 } 893 894 /* 895 * in_cksum -- 896 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 897 */ 898 int 899 in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len) 900 { 901 int nleft = len; 902 u_short *w = addr; 903 int sum = 0; 904 u_short answer = 0; 905 906 /* 907 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 908 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 909 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 910 */ 911 while (nleft > 1) { 912 sum += *w++; 913 nleft -= 2; 914 } 915 916 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 917 if (nleft == 1) { 918 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; 919 sum += answer; 920 } 921 922 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 923 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 924 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 925 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 926 return(answer); 927 } 928 929 void 930 summary(int header, int insig) 931 { 932 char buf[8192], buft[8192]; 933 934 buf[0] = '\0'; 935 936 if (!insig) { 937 (void)putchar('\r'); 938 (void)fflush(stdout); 939 } else 940 strlcat(buf, "\r", sizeof buf); 941 942 if (header) { 943 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "--- %s ping statistics ---\n", 944 hostname); 945 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 946 } 947 948 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 949 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 950 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 951 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 952 953 if (nrepeats) { 954 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 955 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 956 } 957 if (ntransmitted) { 958 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 959 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, 960 "-- somebody's duplicating packets!"); 961 else 962 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "%.1f%% packet loss", 963 ((((double)ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 964 ntransmitted)); 965 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 966 } 967 strlcat(buf, "\n", sizeof buf); 968 if (nreceived && timing) { 969 quad_t num = nreceived + nrepeats; 970 quad_t avg = tsum / num; 971 quad_t dev = qsqrt(tsumsq / num - avg * avg); 972 973 snprintf(buft, sizeof buft, "round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = " 974 "%d.%03d/%d.%03d/%d.%03d/%d.%03d ms\n", 975 (int)(tmin / 1000), (int)(tmin % 1000), 976 (int)(avg / 1000), (int)(avg % 1000), 977 (int)(tmax / 1000), (int)(tmax % 1000), 978 (int)(dev / 1000), (int)(dev % 1000)); 979 strlcat(buf, buft, sizeof buf); 980 } 981 write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, strlen(buf)); /* XXX atomicio? */ 982 } 983 984 quad_t 985 qsqrt(quad_t qdev) 986 { 987 quad_t y, x = 1; 988 989 if (!qdev) 990 return(0); 991 992 do { /* newton was a stinker */ 993 y = x; 994 x = qdev / x; 995 x += y; 996 x /= 2; 997 } while ((x - y) > 1 || (x - y) < -1); 998 999 return(x); 1000 } 1001 1002 /* 1003 * finish -- 1004 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1005 */ 1006 void 1007 finish(int signo) 1008 { 1009 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1010 1011 summary(1, signo); 1012 if (signo) 1013 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 1); 1014 else 1015 exit(nreceived ? 0 : 1); 1016 } 1017 1018 #ifdef notdef 1019 static char *ttab[] = { 1020 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1021 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1022 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1023 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1024 "Echo", 1025 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1026 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1027 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1028 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1029 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1030 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1031 }; 1032 #endif 1033 1034 /* 1035 * pr_icmph -- 1036 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1037 */ 1038 void 1039 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp) 1040 { 1041 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1042 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1043 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1044 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1045 break; 1046 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1047 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1048 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1049 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1050 break; 1051 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1052 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1053 break; 1054 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1055 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1056 break; 1057 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1058 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1059 break; 1060 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1061 if (icp->icmp_nextmtu != 0) 1062 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1063 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1064 else 1065 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); 1066 break; 1067 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1068 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1069 break; 1070 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1071 (void)printf("Network Unknown\n"); 1072 break; 1073 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1074 (void)printf("Host Unknown\n"); 1075 break; 1076 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1077 (void)printf("Source Isolated\n"); 1078 break; 1079 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1080 (void)printf("Dest. Net Administratively Prohibited\n"); 1081 break; 1082 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1083 (void)printf("Dest. Host Administratively Prohibited\n"); 1084 break; 1085 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1086 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable for TOS\n"); 1087 break; 1088 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1089 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable for TOS\n"); 1090 break; 1091 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1092 (void)printf("Route administratively prohibited\n"); 1093 break; 1094 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE: 1095 (void)printf("Host Precedence Violation\n"); 1096 break; 1097 case ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF: 1098 (void)printf("Precedence Cutoff\n"); 1099 break; 1100 default: 1101 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Unknown Code: %d\n", 1102 icp->icmp_code); 1103 break; 1104 } 1105 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1106 #ifndef icmp_data 1107 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1108 #else 1109 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1110 #endif 1111 break; 1112 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1113 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1114 #ifndef icmp_data 1115 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1116 #else 1117 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1118 #endif 1119 break; 1120 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1121 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1122 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1123 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1124 break; 1125 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1126 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1127 break; 1128 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1129 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1130 break; 1131 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1132 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1133 break; 1134 default: 1135 (void)printf("Redirect, Unknown Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1136 break; 1137 } 1138 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", 1139 inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1140 #ifndef icmp_data 1141 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1142 #else 1143 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1144 #endif 1145 break; 1146 case ICMP_ECHO: 1147 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1148 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1149 break; 1150 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1151 /* RFC1256 */ 1152 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advertisement\n"); 1153 (void)printf("(%d entries, lifetime %d seconds)\n", 1154 icp->icmp_num_addrs, ntohs(icp->icmp_lifetime)); 1155 break; 1156 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1157 /* RFC1256 */ 1158 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicitation\n"); 1159 break; 1160 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1161 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1162 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1163 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1164 break; 1165 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1166 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1167 break; 1168 default: 1169 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Unknown Code: %d\n", 1170 icp->icmp_code); 1171 break; 1172 } 1173 #ifndef icmp_data 1174 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1175 #else 1176 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1177 #endif 1178 break; 1179 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1180 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1181 case ICMP_PARAMPROB_OPTABSENT: 1182 (void)printf("Parameter problem, required option " 1183 "absent: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1184 ntohs(icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr)); 1185 break; 1186 default: 1187 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1188 ntohs(icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr)); 1189 break; 1190 } 1191 #ifndef icmp_data 1192 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1193 #else 1194 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1195 #endif 1196 break; 1197 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1198 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1199 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1200 break; 1201 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1202 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1203 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1204 break; 1205 case ICMP_IREQ: 1206 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1207 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1208 break; 1209 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1210 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1211 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1212 break; 1213 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 1214 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1215 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1216 break; 1217 #endif 1218 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 1219 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1220 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply (Mask 0x%08x)\n", 1221 ntohl(icp->icmp_mask)); 1222 break; 1223 #endif 1224 default: 1225 (void)printf("Unknown ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1226 } 1227 } 1228 1229 /* 1230 * pr_iph -- 1231 * Print an IP header with options. 1232 */ 1233 void 1234 pr_iph(struct ip *ip) 1235 { 1236 int hlen; 1237 u_char *cp; 1238 1239 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1240 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1241 1242 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 1243 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1244 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1245 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1246 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1247 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1248 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1249 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1250 /* dump and option bytes */ 1251 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1252 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1253 } 1254 (void)putchar('\n'); 1255 } 1256 1257 /* 1258 * pr_addr -- 1259 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1260 * a hostname. 1261 */ 1262 char * 1263 pr_addr(in_addr_t a) 1264 { 1265 struct hostent *hp; 1266 struct in_addr in; 1267 static char buf[16+3+MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1268 1269 in.s_addr = a; 1270 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1271 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in.s_addr, sizeof(in.s_addr), AF_INET))) 1272 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(in)); 1273 else 1274 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1275 inet_ntoa(in)); 1276 return(buf); 1277 } 1278 1279 /* 1280 * pr_retip -- 1281 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1282 */ 1283 void 1284 pr_retip(struct ip *ip) 1285 { 1286 int hlen; 1287 u_char *cp; 1288 1289 pr_iph(ip); 1290 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1291 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1292 1293 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1294 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1295 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1296 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1297 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1298 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1299 } 1300 1301 void 1302 fill(char *bp, char *patp) 1303 { 1304 int ii, jj, kk; 1305 int pat[16]; 1306 char *cp; 1307 1308 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) 1309 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1310 errx(1, "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1311 ii = sscanf(patp, 1312 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1313 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1314 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1315 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1316 1317 if (ii > 0) 1318 for (kk = 0; 1319 kk <= MAXPAYLOAD - (8 + sizeof(struct tvi) + ii); 1320 kk += ii) 1321 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1322 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1323 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1324 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1325 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1326 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1327 (void)printf("\n"); 1328 } 1329 } 1330 1331 /* 1332 * when we get types of ICMP message with parts of the orig. datagram 1333 * we want to try to assure ourselves that it is from this instance 1334 * of ping, and not say, a refused finger connection or something 1335 */ 1336 int 1337 check_icmph(struct ip *iph) 1338 { 1339 struct icmp *icmph; 1340 1341 /* only allow IP version 4 */ 1342 if (iph->ip_v != 4) 1343 return 0; 1344 1345 /* Only allow ICMP */ 1346 if (iph->ip_p != IPPROTO_ICMP) 1347 return 0; 1348 1349 icmph = (struct icmp *) (iph + (4 * iph->ip_hl)); 1350 1351 /* make sure it is in response to an ECHO request */ 1352 if (icmph->icmp_type != 8) 1353 return 0; 1354 1355 /* ok, make sure it has the right id on it */ 1356 if (icmph->icmp_hun.ih_idseq.icd_id != ident) 1357 return 0; 1358 1359 return 1; 1360 } 1361 1362 void 1363 usage(void) 1364 { 1365 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1366 "usage: ping [-DdEefLnqRrv] [-c count] [-I ifaddr] [-i wait]\n" 1367 "\t[-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-T tos] [-t ttl]\n" 1368 "\t[-V rtable] [-w maxwait] host\n"); 1369 exit(1); 1370 } 1371