1 /* $OpenBSD: bytestring.h,v 1.21 2021/12/15 17:30:20 jsing Exp $ */ 2 /* 3 * Copyright (c) 2014, Google Inc. 4 * 5 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any 6 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8 * 9 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY 12 * SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION 14 * OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN 15 * CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16 */ 17 18 #ifndef OPENSSL_HEADER_BYTESTRING_H 19 #define OPENSSL_HEADER_BYTESTRING_H 20 21 #include <sys/types.h> 22 #include <stdint.h> 23 24 __BEGIN_HIDDEN_DECLS 25 26 /* 27 * Bytestrings are used for parsing and building TLS and ASN.1 messages. 28 * 29 * A "CBS" (CRYPTO ByteString) represents a string of bytes in memory and 30 * provides utility functions for safely parsing length-prefixed structures 31 * like TLS and ASN.1 from it. 32 * 33 * A "CBB" (CRYPTO ByteBuilder) is a memory buffer that grows as needed and 34 * provides utility functions for building length-prefixed messages. 35 */ 36 37 /* CRYPTO ByteString */ 38 typedef struct cbs_st { 39 const uint8_t *data; 40 size_t initial_len; 41 size_t len; 42 } CBS; 43 44 /* 45 * CBS_init sets |cbs| to point to |data|. It does not take ownership of 46 * |data|. 47 */ 48 void CBS_init(CBS *cbs, const uint8_t *data, size_t len); 49 50 /* 51 * CBS_skip advances |cbs| by |len| bytes. It returns one on success and zero 52 * otherwise. 53 */ 54 int CBS_skip(CBS *cbs, size_t len); 55 56 /* 57 * CBS_data returns a pointer to the contents of |cbs|. 58 */ 59 const uint8_t *CBS_data(const CBS *cbs); 60 61 /* 62 * CBS_len returns the number of bytes remaining in |cbs|. 63 */ 64 size_t CBS_len(const CBS *cbs); 65 66 /* 67 * CBS_offset returns the current offset into the original data of |cbs|. 68 */ 69 size_t CBS_offset(const CBS *cbs); 70 71 /* 72 * CBS_stow copies the current contents of |cbs| into |*out_ptr| and 73 * |*out_len|. If |*out_ptr| is not NULL, the contents are freed with 74 * free. It returns one on success and zero on allocation failure. On 75 * success, |*out_ptr| should be freed with free. If |cbs| is empty, 76 * |*out_ptr| will be NULL. 77 */ 78 int CBS_stow(const CBS *cbs, uint8_t **out_ptr, size_t *out_len); 79 80 /* 81 * CBS_strdup copies the current contents of |cbs| into |*out_ptr| as a 82 * NUL-terminated C string. If |*out_ptr| is not NULL, the contents are freed 83 * with free. It returns one on success and zero on allocation 84 * failure. On success, |*out_ptr| should be freed with free. 85 * 86 * NOTE: If |cbs| contains NUL bytes, the string will be truncated. Call 87 * |CBS_contains_zero_byte(cbs)| to check for NUL bytes. 88 */ 89 int CBS_strdup(const CBS *cbs, char **out_ptr); 90 91 /* 92 * CBS_write_bytes writes all of the remaining data from |cbs| into |dst| 93 * if it is at most |dst_len| bytes. If |copied| is not NULL, it will be set 94 * to the amount copied. It returns one on success and zero otherwise. 95 */ 96 int CBS_write_bytes(const CBS *cbs, uint8_t *dst, size_t dst_len, 97 size_t *copied); 98 99 /* 100 * CBS_contains_zero_byte returns one if the current contents of |cbs| contains 101 * a NUL byte and zero otherwise. 102 */ 103 int CBS_contains_zero_byte(const CBS *cbs); 104 105 /* 106 * CBS_mem_equal compares the current contents of |cbs| with the |len| bytes 107 * starting at |data|. If they're equal, it returns one, otherwise zero. If the 108 * lengths match, it uses a constant-time comparison. 109 */ 110 int CBS_mem_equal(const CBS *cbs, const uint8_t *data, size_t len); 111 112 /* 113 * CBS_get_u8 sets |*out| to the next uint8_t from |cbs| and advances |cbs|. It 114 * returns one on success and zero on error. 115 */ 116 int CBS_get_u8(CBS *cbs, uint8_t *out); 117 118 /* 119 * CBS_get_u16 sets |*out| to the next, big-endian uint16_t from |cbs| and 120 * advances |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 121 */ 122 int CBS_get_u16(CBS *cbs, uint16_t *out); 123 124 /* 125 * CBS_get_u24 sets |*out| to the next, big-endian 24-bit value from |cbs| and 126 * advances |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 127 */ 128 int CBS_get_u24(CBS *cbs, uint32_t *out); 129 130 /* 131 * CBS_get_u32 sets |*out| to the next, big-endian uint32_t value from |cbs| 132 * and advances |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 133 */ 134 int CBS_get_u32(CBS *cbs, uint32_t *out); 135 136 /* 137 * CBS_get_u64 sets |*out| to the next, big-endian uint64_t value from |cbs| 138 * and advances |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 139 */ 140 int CBS_get_u64(CBS *cbs, uint64_t *out); 141 142 /* 143 * CBS_get_last_u8 sets |*out| to the last uint8_t from |cbs| and shortens 144 * |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 145 */ 146 int CBS_get_last_u8(CBS *cbs, uint8_t *out); 147 148 /* 149 * CBS_get_bytes sets |*out| to the next |len| bytes from |cbs| and advances 150 * |cbs|. It returns one on success and zero on error. 151 */ 152 int CBS_get_bytes(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, size_t len); 153 154 /* 155 * CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed sets |*out| to the contents of an 8-bit, 156 * length-prefixed value from |cbs| and advances |cbs| over it. It returns one 157 * on success and zero on error. 158 */ 159 int CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed(CBS *cbs, CBS *out); 160 161 /* 162 * CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed sets |*out| to the contents of a 16-bit, 163 * big-endian, length-prefixed value from |cbs| and advances |cbs| over it. It 164 * returns one on success and zero on error. 165 */ 166 int CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(CBS *cbs, CBS *out); 167 168 /* 169 * CBS_get_u24_length_prefixed sets |*out| to the contents of a 24-bit, 170 * big-endian, length-prefixed value from |cbs| and advances |cbs| over it. It 171 * returns one on success and zero on error. 172 */ 173 int CBS_get_u24_length_prefixed(CBS *cbs, CBS *out); 174 175 176 /* Parsing ASN.1 */ 177 178 /* 179 * While an identifier can be multiple octets, this library only handles the 180 * single octet variety currently. This limits support up to tag number 30 181 * since tag number 31 is a reserved value to indicate multiple octets. 182 */ 183 184 /* Bits 8 and 7: class tag type: See X.690 section 8.1.2.2. */ 185 #define CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL 0x00 186 #define CBS_ASN1_APPLICATION 0x40 187 #define CBS_ASN1_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC 0x80 188 #define CBS_ASN1_PRIVATE 0xc0 189 190 /* Bit 6: Primitive or constructed: See X.690 section 8.1.2.3. */ 191 #define CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE 0x00 192 #define CBS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED 0x20 193 194 /* 195 * Bits 5 to 1 are the tag number. See X.680 section 8.6 for tag numbers of 196 * the universal class. 197 */ 198 199 /* 200 * Common universal identifier octets. 201 * See X.690 section 8.1 and X.680 section 8.6 for universal tag numbers. 202 * 203 * Note: These definitions are the cause of some of the strange behavior in 204 * CBS's bs_ber.c. 205 * 206 * In BER, it is the sender's option to use primitive or constructed for 207 * bitstring (X.690 section 8.6.1) and octetstring (X.690 section 8.7.1). 208 * 209 * In DER, bitstring and octetstring are required to be primitive 210 * (X.690 section 10.2). 211 */ 212 #define CBS_ASN1_BOOLEAN (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0x1) 213 #define CBS_ASN1_INTEGER (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0x2) 214 #define CBS_ASN1_BITSTRING (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0x3) 215 #define CBS_ASN1_OCTETSTRING (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0x4) 216 #define CBS_ASN1_OBJECT (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0x6) 217 #define CBS_ASN1_ENUMERATED (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_PRIMITIVE | 0xa) 218 #define CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED | 0x10) 219 #define CBS_ASN1_SET (CBS_ASN1_UNIVERSAL | CBS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED | 0x11) 220 221 /* 222 * CBS_get_asn1 sets |*out| to the contents of DER-encoded, ASN.1 element (not 223 * including tag and length bytes) and advances |cbs| over it. The ASN.1 224 * element must match |tag_value|. It returns one on success and zero 225 * on error. 226 * 227 * Tag numbers greater than 30 are not supported (i.e. short form only). 228 */ 229 int CBS_get_asn1(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, unsigned int tag_value); 230 231 /* 232 * CBS_get_asn1_element acts like |CBS_get_asn1| but |out| will include the 233 * ASN.1 header bytes too. 234 */ 235 int CBS_get_asn1_element(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, unsigned int tag_value); 236 237 /* 238 * CBS_peek_asn1_tag looks ahead at the next ASN.1 tag and returns one 239 * if the next ASN.1 element on |cbs| would have tag |tag_value|. If 240 * |cbs| is empty or the tag does not match, it returns zero. Note: if 241 * it returns one, CBS_get_asn1 may still fail if the rest of the 242 * element is malformed. 243 */ 244 int CBS_peek_asn1_tag(const CBS *cbs, unsigned int tag_value); 245 246 /* 247 * CBS_get_any_asn1_element sets |*out| to contain the next ASN.1 element from 248 * |*cbs| (including header bytes) and advances |*cbs|. It sets |*out_tag| to 249 * the tag number and |*out_header_len| to the length of the ASN.1 header. 250 * Each of |out|, |out_tag|, and |out_header_len| may be NULL to ignore 251 * the value. 252 * 253 * Tag numbers greater than 30 are not supported (i.e. short form only). 254 */ 255 int CBS_get_any_asn1_element(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, unsigned int *out_tag, 256 size_t *out_header_len); 257 258 /* 259 * CBS_get_asn1_uint64 gets an ASN.1 INTEGER from |cbs| using |CBS_get_asn1| 260 * and sets |*out| to its value. It returns one on success and zero on error, 261 * where error includes the integer being negative, or too large to represent 262 * in 64 bits. 263 */ 264 int CBS_get_asn1_uint64(CBS *cbs, uint64_t *out); 265 266 /* 267 * CBS_get_optional_asn1 gets an optional explicitly-tagged element 268 * from |cbs| tagged with |tag| and sets |*out| to its contents. If 269 * present, it sets |*out_present| to one, otherwise zero. It returns 270 * one on success, whether or not the element was present, and zero on 271 * decode failure. 272 */ 273 int CBS_get_optional_asn1(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, int *out_present, 274 unsigned int tag); 275 276 /* 277 * CBS_get_optional_asn1_octet_string gets an optional 278 * explicitly-tagged OCTET STRING from |cbs|. If present, it sets 279 * |*out| to the string and |*out_present| to one. Otherwise, it sets 280 * |*out| to empty and |*out_present| to zero. |out_present| may be 281 * NULL. It returns one on success, whether or not the element was 282 * present, and zero on decode failure. 283 */ 284 int CBS_get_optional_asn1_octet_string(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, int *out_present, 285 unsigned int tag); 286 287 /* 288 * CBS_get_optional_asn1_uint64 gets an optional explicitly-tagged 289 * INTEGER from |cbs|. If present, it sets |*out| to the 290 * value. Otherwise, it sets |*out| to |default_value|. It returns one 291 * on success, whether or not the element was present, and zero on 292 * decode failure. 293 */ 294 int CBS_get_optional_asn1_uint64(CBS *cbs, uint64_t *out, unsigned int tag, 295 uint64_t default_value); 296 297 /* 298 * CBS_get_optional_asn1_bool gets an optional, explicitly-tagged BOOLEAN from 299 * |cbs|. If present, it sets |*out| to either zero or one, based on the 300 * boolean. Otherwise, it sets |*out| to |default_value|. It returns one on 301 * success, whether or not the element was present, and zero on decode 302 * failure. 303 */ 304 int CBS_get_optional_asn1_bool(CBS *cbs, int *out, unsigned int tag, 305 int default_value); 306 307 308 /* 309 * CRYPTO ByteBuilder. 310 * 311 * |CBB| objects allow one to build length-prefixed serialisations. A |CBB| 312 * object is associated with a buffer and new buffers are created with 313 * |CBB_init|. Several |CBB| objects can point at the same buffer when a 314 * length-prefix is pending, however only a single |CBB| can be 'current' at 315 * any one time. For example, if one calls |CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed| then 316 * the new |CBB| points at the same buffer as the original. But if the original 317 * |CBB| is used then the length prefix is written out and the new |CBB| must 318 * not be used again. 319 * 320 * If one needs to force a length prefix to be written out because a |CBB| is 321 * going out of scope, use |CBB_flush|. 322 */ 323 324 struct cbb_buffer_st { 325 uint8_t *buf; 326 327 /* The number of valid bytes. */ 328 size_t len; 329 330 /* The size of buf. */ 331 size_t cap; 332 333 /* 334 * One iff |buf| is owned by this object. If not then |buf| cannot be 335 * resized. 336 */ 337 char can_resize; 338 }; 339 340 typedef struct cbb_st { 341 struct cbb_buffer_st *base; 342 343 /* 344 * offset is the offset from the start of |base->buf| to the position of any 345 * pending length-prefix. 346 */ 347 size_t offset; 348 349 /* child points to a child CBB if a length-prefix is pending. */ 350 struct cbb_st *child; 351 352 /* 353 * pending_len_len contains the number of bytes in a pending length-prefix, 354 * or zero if no length-prefix is pending. 355 */ 356 uint8_t pending_len_len; 357 358 char pending_is_asn1; 359 360 /* 361 * is_top_level is true iff this is a top-level |CBB| (as opposed to a child 362 * |CBB|). Top-level objects are valid arguments for |CBB_finish|. 363 */ 364 char is_top_level; 365 } CBB; 366 367 /* 368 * CBB_init initialises |cbb| with |initial_capacity|. Since a |CBB| grows as 369 * needed, the |initial_capacity| is just a hint. It returns one on success or 370 * zero on error. 371 */ 372 int CBB_init(CBB *cbb, size_t initial_capacity); 373 374 /* 375 * CBB_init_fixed initialises |cbb| to write to |len| bytes at |buf|. Since 376 * |buf| cannot grow, trying to write more than |len| bytes will cause CBB 377 * functions to fail. It returns one on success or zero on error. 378 */ 379 int CBB_init_fixed(CBB *cbb, uint8_t *buf, size_t len); 380 381 /* 382 * CBB_cleanup frees all resources owned by |cbb| and other |CBB| objects 383 * writing to the same buffer. This should be used in an error case where a 384 * serialisation is abandoned. 385 */ 386 void CBB_cleanup(CBB *cbb); 387 388 /* 389 * CBB_finish completes any pending length prefix and sets |*out_data| to a 390 * malloced buffer and |*out_len| to the length of that buffer. The caller 391 * takes ownership of the buffer and, unless the buffer was fixed with 392 * |CBB_init_fixed|, must call |free| when done. 393 * 394 * It can only be called on a "top level" |CBB|, i.e. one initialised with 395 * |CBB_init| or |CBB_init_fixed|. It returns one on success and zero on 396 * error. 397 */ 398 int CBB_finish(CBB *cbb, uint8_t **out_data, size_t *out_len); 399 400 /* 401 * CBB_flush causes any pending length prefixes to be written out and any child 402 * |CBB| objects of |cbb| to be invalidated. It returns one on success or zero 403 * on error. 404 */ 405 int CBB_flush(CBB *cbb); 406 407 /* 408 * CBB_discard_child discards the current unflushed child of |cbb|. Neither the 409 * child's contents nor the length prefix will be included in the output. 410 */ 411 void CBB_discard_child(CBB *cbb); 412 413 /* 414 * CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed sets |*out_contents| to a new child of |cbb|. The 415 * data written to |*out_contents| will be prefixed in |cbb| with an 8-bit 416 * length. It returns one on success or zero on error. 417 */ 418 int CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(CBB *cbb, CBB *out_contents); 419 420 /* 421 * CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed sets |*out_contents| to a new child of |cbb|. 422 * The data written to |*out_contents| will be prefixed in |cbb| with a 16-bit, 423 * big-endian length. It returns one on success or zero on error. 424 */ 425 int CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(CBB *cbb, CBB *out_contents); 426 427 /* 428 * CBB_add_u24_length_prefixed sets |*out_contents| to a new child of |cbb|. 429 * The data written to |*out_contents| will be prefixed in |cbb| with a 24-bit, 430 * big-endian length. It returns one on success or zero on error. 431 */ 432 int CBB_add_u24_length_prefixed(CBB *cbb, CBB *out_contents); 433 434 /* 435 * CBB_add_asn sets |*out_contents| to a |CBB| into which the contents of an 436 * ASN.1 object can be written. The |tag| argument will be used as the tag for 437 * the object. Passing in |tag| number 31 will return in an error since only 438 * single octet identifiers are supported. It returns one on success or zero 439 * on error. 440 */ 441 int CBB_add_asn1(CBB *cbb, CBB *out_contents, unsigned int tag); 442 443 /* 444 * CBB_add_bytes appends |len| bytes from |data| to |cbb|. It returns one on 445 * success and zero otherwise. 446 */ 447 int CBB_add_bytes(CBB *cbb, const uint8_t *data, size_t len); 448 449 /* 450 * CBB_add_space appends |len| bytes to |cbb| and sets |*out_data| to point to 451 * the beginning of that space. The caller must then write |len| bytes of 452 * actual contents to |*out_data|. It returns one on success and zero 453 * otherwise. 454 */ 455 int CBB_add_space(CBB *cbb, uint8_t **out_data, size_t len); 456 457 /* 458 * CBB_add_u8 appends an 8-bit number from |value| to |cbb|. It returns one on 459 * success and zero otherwise. 460 */ 461 int CBB_add_u8(CBB *cbb, size_t value); 462 463 /* 464 * CBB_add_u8 appends a 16-bit, big-endian number from |value| to |cbb|. It 465 * returns one on success and zero otherwise. 466 */ 467 int CBB_add_u16(CBB *cbb, size_t value); 468 469 /* 470 * CBB_add_u24 appends a 24-bit, big-endian number from |value| to |cbb|. It 471 * returns one on success and zero otherwise. 472 */ 473 int CBB_add_u24(CBB *cbb, size_t value); 474 475 /* 476 * CBB_add_u32 appends a 32-bit, big-endian number from |value| to |cbb|. It 477 * returns one on success and zero otherwise. 478 */ 479 int CBB_add_u32(CBB *cbb, size_t value); 480 481 /* 482 * CBB_add_asn1_uint64 writes an ASN.1 INTEGER into |cbb| using |CBB_add_asn1| 483 * and writes |value| in its contents. It returns one on success and zero on 484 * error. 485 */ 486 int CBB_add_asn1_uint64(CBB *cbb, uint64_t value); 487 488 #ifdef LIBRESSL_INTERNAL 489 /* 490 * CBS_dup sets |out| to point to cbs's |data| and |len|. It results in two 491 * CBS that point to the same buffer. 492 */ 493 void CBS_dup(const CBS *cbs, CBS *out); 494 495 /* 496 * cbs_get_any_asn1_element sets |*out| to contain the next ASN.1 element from 497 * |*cbs| (including header bytes) and advances |*cbs|. It sets |*out_tag| to 498 * the tag number and |*out_header_len| to the length of the ASN.1 header. If 499 * strict mode is disabled and the element has indefinite length then |*out| 500 * will only contain the header. Each of |out|, |out_tag|, and 501 * |out_header_len| may be NULL to ignore the value. 502 * 503 * Tag numbers greater than 30 are not supported (i.e. short form only). 504 */ 505 int cbs_get_any_asn1_element_internal(CBS *cbs, CBS *out, unsigned int *out_tag, 506 size_t *out_header_len, int strict); 507 508 /* 509 * CBS_asn1_indefinite_to_definite reads an ASN.1 structure from |in|. If it 510 * finds indefinite-length elements that otherwise appear to be valid DER, it 511 * attempts to convert the DER-like data to DER and sets |*out| and 512 * |*out_length| to describe a malloced buffer containing the DER data. 513 * Additionally, |*in| will be advanced over the ASN.1 data. 514 * 515 * If it doesn't find any indefinite-length elements then it sets |*out| to 516 * NULL and |*in| is unmodified. 517 * 518 * This is NOT a conversion from BER to DER. There are many restrictions when 519 * dealing with DER data. This is only concerned with one: indefinite vs. 520 * definite form. However, this suffices to handle the PKCS#7 and PKCS#12 output 521 * from NSS. 522 * 523 * It returns one on success and zero otherwise. 524 */ 525 int CBS_asn1_indefinite_to_definite(CBS *in, uint8_t **out, size_t *out_len); 526 #endif /* LIBRESSL_INTERNAL */ 527 528 __END_HIDDEN_DECLS 529 530 #endif /* OPENSSL_HEADER_BYTESTRING_H */ 531