xref: /openbsd-src/lib/libm/src/e_log10.c (revision d13be5d47e4149db2549a9828e244d59dbc43f15)
1 /* @(#)e_log10.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
2 /*
3  * ====================================================
4  * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
8  * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
9  * is preserved.
10  * ====================================================
11  */
12 
13 /* LINTLIBRARY */
14 
15 /* log10(x)
16  * Return the base 10 logarithm of x
17  *
18  * Method :
19  *	Let log10_2hi = leading 40 bits of log10(2) and
20  *	    log10_2lo = log10(2) - log10_2hi,
21  *	    ivln10   = 1/log(10) rounded.
22  *	Then
23  *		n = ilogb(x),
24  *		if(n<0)  n = n+1;
25  *		x = scalbn(x,-n);
26  *		log10(x) := n*log10_2hi + (n*log10_2lo + ivln10*log(x))
27  *
28  * Note 1:
29  *	To guarantee log10(10**n)=n, where 10**n is normal, the rounding
30  *	mode must set to Round-to-Nearest.
31  * Note 2:
32  *	[1/log(10)] rounded to 53 bits has error  .198   ulps;
33  *	log10 is monotonic at all binary break points.
34  *
35  * Special cases:
36  *	log10(x) is NaN with signal if x < 0;
37  *	log10(+INF) is +INF with no signal; log10(0) is -INF with signal;
38  *	log10(NaN) is that NaN with no signal;
39  *	log10(10**N) = N  for N=0,1,...,22.
40  *
41  * Constants:
42  * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following constants.
43  * The decimal values may be used, provided that the compiler will convert
44  * from decimal to binary accurately enough to produce the hexadecimal values
45  * shown.
46  */
47 
48 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
49 #include <float.h>
50 #include <math.h>
51 
52 #include "math_private.h"
53 
54 static const double
55 two54      =  1.80143985094819840000e+16, /* 0x43500000, 0x00000000 */
56 ivln10     =  4.34294481903251816668e-01, /* 0x3FDBCB7B, 0x1526E50E */
57 log10_2hi  =  3.01029995663611771306e-01, /* 0x3FD34413, 0x509F6000 */
58 log10_2lo  =  3.69423907715893078616e-13; /* 0x3D59FEF3, 0x11F12B36 */
59 
60 static const double zero   =  0.0;
61 
62 double
63 log10(double x)
64 {
65 	double y,z;
66 	int32_t i,k,hx;
67 	u_int32_t lx;
68 
69 	EXTRACT_WORDS(hx,lx,x);
70 
71         k=0;
72         if (hx < 0x00100000) {                  /* x < 2**-1022  */
73             if (((hx&0x7fffffff)|lx)==0)
74                 return -two54/zero;             /* log(+-0)=-inf */
75             if (hx<0) return (x-x)/zero;        /* log(-#) = NaN */
76             k -= 54; x *= two54; /* subnormal number, scale up x */
77 	    GET_HIGH_WORD(hx,x);
78         }
79 	if (hx >= 0x7ff00000) return x+x;
80 	k += (hx>>20)-1023;
81 	i  = ((u_int32_t)k&0x80000000)>>31;
82         hx = (hx&0x000fffff)|((0x3ff-i)<<20);
83         y  = (double)(k+i);
84 	SET_HIGH_WORD(x,hx);
85 	z  = y*log10_2lo + ivln10*log(x);
86 	return  z+y*log10_2hi;
87 }
88 
89 #if	LDBL_MANT_DIG == 53
90 #ifdef	lint
91 /* PROTOLIB1 */
92 long double log10l(long double);
93 #else	/* lint */
94 __weak_alias(log10l, log10);
95 #endif	/* lint */
96 #endif	/* LDBL_MANT_DIG == 53 */
97