1.\" $OpenBSD: mkdir.2,v 1.17 2015/09/10 17:55:21 schwarze Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: mkdir.2,v 1.8 1995/02/27 12:34:22 cgd Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)mkdir.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 32.\" 33.Dd $Mdocdate: September 10 2015 $ 34.Dt MKDIR 2 35.Os 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm mkdir , 38.Nm mkdirat 39.Nd make a directory file 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.In sys/stat.h 42.Ft int 43.Fn mkdir "const char *path" "mode_t mode" 44.In sys/stat.h 45.In fcntl.h 46.Ft int 47.Fn mkdirat "int fd" "const char *path" "mode_t mode" 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49The directory 50.Fa path 51is created with the access permissions specified by 52.Fa mode 53and restricted by the 54.Xr umask 2 55of the calling process. 56.Pp 57The directory's owner ID is set to the process's effective user ID. 58The directory's group ID is set to that of the parent directory in 59which it is created. 60.Pp 61The 62.Fn mkdirat 63function is equivalent to 64.Fn mkdir 65except that where 66.Fa path 67specifies a relative path, 68the newly created directory is created relative to 69the directory associated with file descriptor 70.Fa fd 71instead of the current working directory. 72.Pp 73If 74.Fn mkdirat 75is passed the special value 76.Dv AT_FDCWD 77(defined in 78.In fcntl.h ) 79in the 80.Fa fd 81parameter, the current working directory is used 82and the behavior is identical to a call to 83.Fn mkdir . 84.Sh RETURN VALUES 85.Rv -std 86.Sh ERRORS 87.Fn mkdir 88and 89.Fn mkdirat 90will fail and no directory will be created if: 91.Bl -tag -width Er 92.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 93A component of the path prefix is not a directory. 94.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG 95A component of a pathname exceeded 96.Dv NAME_MAX 97characters, or an entire pathname (including the terminating NUL) 98exceeded 99.Dv PATH_MAX 100bytes. 101.It Bq Er ENOENT 102A component of the path prefix does not exist. 103.It Bq Er EACCES 104Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix. 105.It Bq Er ELOOP 106Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. 107.It Bq Er EROFS 108The named file resides on a read-only file system. 109.It Bq Er EEXIST 110The named file exists. 111.It Bq Er ENOSPC 112The new directory cannot be created because there is no space left 113on the file system that will contain the directory. 114.It Bq Er ENOSPC 115There are no free inodes on the file system on which the 116directory is being created. 117.It Bq Er EDQUOT 118The new directory cannot be created because the user's 119quota of disk blocks on the file system that will 120contain the directory has been exhausted. 121.It Bq Er EDQUOT 122The user's quota of inodes on the file system on 123which the directory is being created has been exhausted. 124.It Bq Er EIO 125An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry or allocating the inode. 126.It Bq Er EIO 127An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. 128.It Bq Er EFAULT 129.Fa path 130points outside the process's allocated address space. 131.El 132.Pp 133Additionally, 134.Fn mkdirat 135will fail if: 136.Bl -tag -width Er 137.It Bq Er EBADF 138The 139.Fa path 140argument specifies a relative path and the 141.Fa fd 142argument is neither 143.Dv AT_FDCWD 144nor a valid file descriptor. 145.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 146The 147.Fa path 148argument specifies a relative path and the 149.Fa fd 150argument is a valid file descriptor but it does not reference a directory. 151.It Bq Er EACCES 152The 153.Fa path 154argument specifies a relative path but search permission is denied 155for the directory which the 156.Fa fd 157file descriptor references. 158.El 159.Sh SEE ALSO 160.Xr chmod 2 , 161.Xr stat 2 , 162.Xr umask 2 163.Sh STANDARDS 164The 165.Fn mkdir 166and 167.Fn mkdirat 168functions conform to 169.St -p1003.1-2008 . 170.Sh HISTORY 171A 172.Fn mkdir 173system call first appeared in 174.At v1 . 175It was renamed to 176.Fn makdir 177in 178.At v2 . 179However, it did not exist from 180.At v4 181to 182.Bx 4.1 ; 183in those releases, 184.Xr mknod 2 185had to be used. 186Since 187.Fn mkdir 188reappeared in 189.Bx 4.1c , 190it no longer requires superuser privileges and it automatically creates the 191.Sq \&. 192and 193.Sq \&.. 194directory entries. 195.Pp 196The 197.Fn mkdirat 198system call has been available since 199.Ox 5.0 . 200