xref: /openbsd-src/gnu/usr.bin/perl/util.c (revision a28daedfc357b214be5c701aa8ba8adb29a7f1c2)
1 /*    util.c
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4  *    2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 /*
12  * "Very useful, no doubt, that was to Saruman; yet it seems that he was
13  * not content."  --Gandalf
14  */
15 
16 /* This file contains assorted utility routines.
17  * Which is a polite way of saying any stuff that people couldn't think of
18  * a better place for. Amongst other things, it includes the warning and
19  * dieing stuff, plus wrappers for malloc code.
20  */
21 
22 #include "EXTERN.h"
23 #define PERL_IN_UTIL_C
24 #include "perl.h"
25 
26 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
27 #include <signal.h>
28 #ifndef SIG_ERR
29 # define SIG_ERR ((Sighandler_t) -1)
30 #endif
31 #endif
32 
33 #ifdef __Lynx__
34 /* Missing protos on LynxOS */
35 int putenv(char *);
36 #endif
37 
38 #ifdef I_SYS_WAIT
39 #  include <sys/wait.h>
40 #endif
41 
42 #ifdef HAS_SELECT
43 # ifdef I_SYS_SELECT
44 #  include <sys/select.h>
45 # endif
46 #endif
47 
48 #define FLUSH
49 
50 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD) && !defined(FD_CLOEXEC)
51 #  define FD_CLOEXEC 1			/* NeXT needs this */
52 #endif
53 
54 /* NOTE:  Do not call the next three routines directly.  Use the macros
55  * in handy.h, so that we can easily redefine everything to do tracking of
56  * allocated hunks back to the original New to track down any memory leaks.
57  * XXX This advice seems to be widely ignored :-(   --AD  August 1996.
58  */
59 
60 static char *
61 S_write_no_mem(pTHX)
62 {
63     dVAR;
64     /* Can't use PerlIO to write as it allocates memory */
65     PerlLIO_write(PerlIO_fileno(Perl_error_log),
66 		  PL_no_mem, strlen(PL_no_mem));
67     my_exit(1);
68     NORETURN_FUNCTION_END;
69 }
70 
71 /* paranoid version of system's malloc() */
72 
73 Malloc_t
74 Perl_safesysmalloc(MEM_SIZE size)
75 {
76     dTHX;
77     Malloc_t ptr;
78 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
79 	if (size > 0xffff) {
80 	    PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
81 			  "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
82 	    my_exit(1);
83 	}
84 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
85 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
86     size += sTHX;
87 #endif
88 #ifdef DEBUGGING
89     if ((long)size < 0)
90 	Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: malloc");
91 #endif
92     ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1);	/* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
93     PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
94     DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) malloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
95     if (ptr != NULL) {
96 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
97 	struct perl_memory_debug_header *const header
98 	    = (struct perl_memory_debug_header *)ptr;
99 #endif
100 
101 #ifdef PERL_POISON
102 	PoisonNew(((char *)ptr), size, char);
103 #endif
104 
105 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
106 	header->interpreter = aTHX;
107 	/* Link us into the list.  */
108 	header->prev = &PL_memory_debug_header;
109 	header->next = PL_memory_debug_header.next;
110 	PL_memory_debug_header.next = header;
111 	header->next->prev = header;
112 #  ifdef PERL_POISON
113 	header->size = size;
114 #  endif
115         ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
116 #endif
117 	return ptr;
118 }
119     else if (PL_nomemok)
120 	return NULL;
121     else {
122 	return write_no_mem();
123     }
124     /*NOTREACHED*/
125 }
126 
127 /* paranoid version of system's realloc() */
128 
129 Malloc_t
130 Perl_safesysrealloc(Malloc_t where,MEM_SIZE size)
131 {
132     dTHX;
133     Malloc_t ptr;
134 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
135     Malloc_t PerlMem_realloc();
136 #endif /* !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) */
137 
138 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
139     if (size > 0xffff) {
140 	PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
141 		      "Reallocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
142 	my_exit(1);
143     }
144 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
145     if (!size) {
146 	safesysfree(where);
147 	return NULL;
148     }
149 
150     if (!where)
151 	return safesysmalloc(size);
152 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
153     where = (Malloc_t)((char*)where-sTHX);
154     size += sTHX;
155     {
156 	struct perl_memory_debug_header *const header
157 	    = (struct perl_memory_debug_header *)where;
158 
159 	if (header->interpreter != aTHX) {
160 	    Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc from wrong pool");
161 	}
162 	assert(header->next->prev == header);
163 	assert(header->prev->next == header);
164 #  ifdef PERL_POISON
165 	if (header->size > size) {
166 	    const MEM_SIZE freed_up = header->size - size;
167 	    char *start_of_freed = ((char *)where) + size;
168 	    PoisonFree(start_of_freed, freed_up, char);
169 	}
170 	header->size = size;
171 #  endif
172     }
173 #endif
174 #ifdef DEBUGGING
175     if ((long)size < 0)
176 	Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc");
177 #endif
178     ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where,size);
179     PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
180 
181     DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) rfree\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
182     DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) realloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
183 
184     if (ptr != NULL) {
185 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
186 	struct perl_memory_debug_header *const header
187 	    = (struct perl_memory_debug_header *)ptr;
188 
189 #  ifdef PERL_POISON
190 	if (header->size < size) {
191 	    const MEM_SIZE fresh = size - header->size;
192 	    char *start_of_fresh = ((char *)ptr) + size;
193 	    PoisonNew(start_of_fresh, fresh, char);
194 	}
195 #  endif
196 
197 	header->next->prev = header;
198 	header->prev->next = header;
199 
200         ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
201 #endif
202 	return ptr;
203     }
204     else if (PL_nomemok)
205 	return NULL;
206     else {
207 	return write_no_mem();
208     }
209     /*NOTREACHED*/
210 }
211 
212 /* safe version of system's free() */
213 
214 Free_t
215 Perl_safesysfree(Malloc_t where)
216 {
217 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS) || defined(PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL)
218     dTHX;
219 #else
220     dVAR;
221 #endif
222     DEBUG_m( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) free\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
223     if (where) {
224 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
225         where = (Malloc_t)((char*)where-sTHX);
226 	{
227 	    struct perl_memory_debug_header *const header
228 		= (struct perl_memory_debug_header *)where;
229 
230 	    if (header->interpreter != aTHX) {
231 		Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: free from wrong pool");
232 	    }
233 	    if (!header->prev) {
234 		Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: duplicate free");
235 	    }
236 	    if (!(header->next) || header->next->prev != header
237 		|| header->prev->next != header) {
238 		Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: bad free");
239 	    }
240 	    /* Unlink us from the chain.  */
241 	    header->next->prev = header->prev;
242 	    header->prev->next = header->next;
243 #  ifdef PERL_POISON
244 	    PoisonNew(where, header->size, char);
245 #  endif
246 	    /* Trigger the duplicate free warning.  */
247 	    header->next = NULL;
248 	}
249 #endif
250 	PerlMem_free(where);
251     }
252 }
253 
254 /* safe version of system's calloc() */
255 
256 Malloc_t
257 Perl_safesyscalloc(MEM_SIZE count, MEM_SIZE size)
258 {
259     dTHX;
260     Malloc_t ptr;
261     MEM_SIZE total_size = 0;
262 
263     /* Even though calloc() for zero bytes is strange, be robust. */
264     if (size && (count <= MEM_SIZE_MAX / size))
265 	total_size = size * count;
266     else
267 	Perl_croak_nocontext(PL_memory_wrap);
268 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
269     if (sTHX <= MEM_SIZE_MAX - (MEM_SIZE)total_size)
270 	total_size += sTHX;
271     else
272 	Perl_croak_nocontext(PL_memory_wrap);
273 #endif
274 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
275     if (total_size > 0xffff) {
276 	PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
277 		      "Allocation too large: %lx\n", total_size) FLUSH;
278 	my_exit(1);
279     }
280 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
281 #ifdef DEBUGGING
282     if ((long)size < 0 || (long)count < 0)
283 	Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: calloc");
284 #endif
285 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
286     /* Have to use malloc() because we've added some space for our tracking
287        header.  */
288     /* malloc(0) is non-portable. */
289     ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(total_size ? total_size : 1);
290 #else
291     /* Use calloc() because it might save a memset() if the memory is fresh
292        and clean from the OS.  */
293     if (count && size)
294 	ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(count, size);
295     else /* calloc(0) is non-portable. */
296 	ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(count ? count : 1, size ? size : 1);
297 #endif
298     PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
299     DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) calloc %ld x %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)count,(long)total_size));
300     if (ptr != NULL) {
301 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
302 	{
303 	    struct perl_memory_debug_header *const header
304 		= (struct perl_memory_debug_header *)ptr;
305 
306 	    memset((void*)ptr, 0, total_size);
307 	    header->interpreter = aTHX;
308 	    /* Link us into the list.  */
309 	    header->prev = &PL_memory_debug_header;
310 	    header->next = PL_memory_debug_header.next;
311 	    PL_memory_debug_header.next = header;
312 	    header->next->prev = header;
313 #  ifdef PERL_POISON
314 	    header->size = total_size;
315 #  endif
316 	    ptr = (Malloc_t)((char*)ptr+sTHX);
317 	}
318 #endif
319 	return ptr;
320     }
321     else if (PL_nomemok)
322 	return NULL;
323     return write_no_mem();
324 }
325 
326 /* These must be defined when not using Perl's malloc for binary
327  * compatibility */
328 
329 #ifndef MYMALLOC
330 
331 Malloc_t Perl_malloc (MEM_SIZE nbytes)
332 {
333     dTHXs;
334     return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(nbytes);
335 }
336 
337 Malloc_t Perl_calloc (MEM_SIZE elements, MEM_SIZE size)
338 {
339     dTHXs;
340     return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(elements, size);
341 }
342 
343 Malloc_t Perl_realloc (Malloc_t where, MEM_SIZE nbytes)
344 {
345     dTHXs;
346     return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where, nbytes);
347 }
348 
349 Free_t   Perl_mfree (Malloc_t where)
350 {
351     dTHXs;
352     PerlMem_free(where);
353 }
354 
355 #endif
356 
357 /* copy a string up to some (non-backslashed) delimiter, if any */
358 
359 char *
360 Perl_delimcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *toend, register const char *from, register const char *fromend, register int delim, I32 *retlen)
361 {
362     register I32 tolen;
363     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
364 
365     for (tolen = 0; from < fromend; from++, tolen++) {
366 	if (*from == '\\') {
367 	    if (from[1] != delim) {
368 		if (to < toend)
369 		    *to++ = *from;
370 		tolen++;
371 	    }
372 	    from++;
373 	}
374 	else if (*from == delim)
375 	    break;
376 	if (to < toend)
377 	    *to++ = *from;
378     }
379     if (to < toend)
380 	*to = '\0';
381     *retlen = tolen;
382     return (char *)from;
383 }
384 
385 /* return ptr to little string in big string, NULL if not found */
386 /* This routine was donated by Corey Satten. */
387 
388 char *
389 Perl_instr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *little)
390 {
391     register I32 first;
392     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
393 
394     if (!little)
395 	return (char*)big;
396     first = *little++;
397     if (!first)
398 	return (char*)big;
399     while (*big) {
400 	register const char *s, *x;
401 	if (*big++ != first)
402 	    continue;
403 	for (x=big,s=little; *s; /**/ ) {
404 	    if (!*x)
405 		return NULL;
406 	    if (*s != *x)
407 		break;
408 	    else {
409 		s++;
410 		x++;
411 	    }
412 	}
413 	if (!*s)
414 	    return (char*)(big-1);
415     }
416     return NULL;
417 }
418 
419 /* same as instr but allow embedded nulls */
420 
421 char *
422 Perl_ninstr(pTHX_ const char *big, const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
423 {
424     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
425     if (little >= lend)
426         return (char*)big;
427     {
428         char first = *little++;
429         const char *s, *x;
430         bigend -= lend - little;
431     OUTER:
432         while (big <= bigend) {
433             if (*big++ == first) {
434                 for (x=big,s=little; s < lend; x++,s++) {
435                     if (*s != *x)
436                         goto OUTER;
437                 }
438                 return (char*)(big-1);
439             }
440         }
441     }
442     return NULL;
443 }
444 
445 /* reverse of the above--find last substring */
446 
447 char *
448 Perl_rninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
449 {
450     register const char *bigbeg;
451     register const I32 first = *little;
452     register const char * const littleend = lend;
453     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
454 
455     if (little >= littleend)
456 	return (char*)bigend;
457     bigbeg = big;
458     big = bigend - (littleend - little++);
459     while (big >= bigbeg) {
460 	register const char *s, *x;
461 	if (*big-- != first)
462 	    continue;
463 	for (x=big+2,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
464 	    if (*s != *x)
465 		break;
466 	    else {
467 		x++;
468 		s++;
469 	    }
470 	}
471 	if (s >= littleend)
472 	    return (char*)(big+1);
473     }
474     return NULL;
475 }
476 
477 /* As a space optimization, we do not compile tables for strings of length
478    0 and 1, and for strings of length 2 unless FBMcf_TAIL.  These are
479    special-cased in fbm_instr().
480 
481    If FBMcf_TAIL, the table is created as if the string has a trailing \n. */
482 
483 /*
484 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
485 
486 =for apidoc fbm_compile
487 
488 Analyses the string in order to make fast searches on it using fbm_instr()
489 -- the Boyer-Moore algorithm.
490 
491 =cut
492 */
493 
494 void
495 Perl_fbm_compile(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 flags)
496 {
497     dVAR;
498     register const U8 *s;
499     register U32 i;
500     STRLEN len;
501     U32 rarest = 0;
502     U32 frequency = 256;
503 
504     if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL) {
505 	MAGIC * const mg = SvUTF8(sv) && SvMAGICAL(sv) ? mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_utf8) : NULL;
506 	sv_catpvs(sv, "\n");		/* Taken into account in fbm_instr() */
507 	if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0)
508 	    mg->mg_len++;
509     }
510     s = (U8*)SvPV_force_mutable(sv, len);
511     if (len == 0)		/* TAIL might be on a zero-length string. */
512 	return;
513     SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVGV);
514     SvIOK_off(sv);
515     SvNOK_off(sv);
516     SvVALID_on(sv);
517     if (len > 2) {
518 	const unsigned char *sb;
519 	const U8 mlen = (len>255) ? 255 : (U8)len;
520 	register U8 *table;
521 
522 	Sv_Grow(sv, len + 256 + PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
523 	table
524 	    = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX_mutable(sv) + len + PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
525 	s = table - 1 - PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET;	/* last char */
526 	memset((void*)table, mlen, 256);
527 	i = 0;
528 	sb = s - mlen + 1;			/* first char (maybe) */
529 	while (s >= sb) {
530 	    if (table[*s] == mlen)
531 		table[*s] = (U8)i;
532 	    s--, i++;
533 	}
534     } else {
535 	Sv_Grow(sv, len + PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
536     }
537     sv_magic(sv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_bm, NULL, 0);	/* deep magic */
538 
539     s = (const unsigned char*)(SvPVX_const(sv));	/* deeper magic */
540     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
541 	if (PL_freq[s[i]] < frequency) {
542 	    rarest = i;
543 	    frequency = PL_freq[s[i]];
544 	}
545     }
546     BmFLAGS(sv) = (U8)flags;
547     BmRARE(sv) = s[rarest];
548     BmPREVIOUS(sv) = rarest;
549     BmUSEFUL(sv) = 100;			/* Initial value */
550     if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL)
551 	SvTAIL_on(sv);
552     DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "rarest char %c at %lu\n",
553 			  BmRARE(sv),(unsigned long)BmPREVIOUS(sv)));
554 }
555 
556 /* If SvTAIL(littlestr), it has a fake '\n' at end. */
557 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
558    if multiline */
559 
560 /*
561 =for apidoc fbm_instr
562 
563 Returns the location of the SV in the string delimited by C<str> and
564 C<strend>.  It returns C<NULL> if the string can't be found.  The C<sv>
565 does not have to be fbm_compiled, but the search will not be as fast
566 then.
567 
568 =cut
569 */
570 
571 char *
572 Perl_fbm_instr(pTHX_ unsigned char *big, register unsigned char *bigend, SV *littlestr, U32 flags)
573 {
574     register unsigned char *s;
575     STRLEN l;
576     register const unsigned char *little
577 	= (const unsigned char *)SvPV_const(littlestr,l);
578     register STRLEN littlelen = l;
579     register const I32 multiline = flags & FBMrf_MULTILINE;
580 
581     if ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) < littlelen) {
582 	if ( SvTAIL(littlestr)
583 	     && ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) == littlelen - 1)
584 	     && (littlelen == 1
585 		 || (*big == *little &&
586 		     memEQ((char *)big, (char *)little, littlelen - 1))))
587 	    return (char*)big;
588 	return NULL;
589     }
590 
591     if (littlelen <= 2) {		/* Special-cased */
592 
593 	if (littlelen == 1) {
594 	    if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* Anchor only! */
595 		/* Know that bigend != big.  */
596 		if (bigend[-1] == '\n')
597 		    return (char *)(bigend - 1);
598 		return (char *) bigend;
599 	    }
600 	    s = big;
601 	    while (s < bigend) {
602 		if (*s == *little)
603 		    return (char *)s;
604 		s++;
605 	    }
606 	    if (SvTAIL(littlestr))
607 		return (char *) bigend;
608 	    return NULL;
609 	}
610 	if (!littlelen)
611 	    return (char*)big;		/* Cannot be SvTAIL! */
612 
613 	/* littlelen is 2 */
614 	if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) {
615 	    if (bigend[-1] == '\n' && bigend[-2] == *little)
616 		return (char*)bigend - 2;
617 	    if (bigend[-1] == *little)
618 		return (char*)bigend - 1;
619 	    return NULL;
620 	}
621 	{
622 	    /* This should be better than FBM if c1 == c2, and almost
623 	       as good otherwise: maybe better since we do less indirection.
624 	       And we save a lot of memory by caching no table. */
625 	    const unsigned char c1 = little[0];
626 	    const unsigned char c2 = little[1];
627 
628 	    s = big + 1;
629 	    bigend--;
630 	    if (c1 != c2) {
631 		while (s <= bigend) {
632 		    if (s[0] == c2) {
633 			if (s[-1] == c1)
634 			    return (char*)s - 1;
635 			s += 2;
636 			continue;
637 		    }
638 		  next_chars:
639 		    if (s[0] == c1) {
640 			if (s == bigend)
641 			    goto check_1char_anchor;
642 			if (s[1] == c2)
643 			    return (char*)s;
644 			else {
645 			    s++;
646 			    goto next_chars;
647 			}
648 		    }
649 		    else
650 			s += 2;
651 		}
652 		goto check_1char_anchor;
653 	    }
654 	    /* Now c1 == c2 */
655 	    while (s <= bigend) {
656 		if (s[0] == c1) {
657 		    if (s[-1] == c1)
658 			return (char*)s - 1;
659 		    if (s == bigend)
660 			goto check_1char_anchor;
661 		    if (s[1] == c1)
662 			return (char*)s;
663 		    s += 3;
664 		}
665 		else
666 		    s += 2;
667 	    }
668 	}
669       check_1char_anchor:		/* One char and anchor! */
670 	if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && (*bigend == *little))
671 	    return (char *)bigend;	/* bigend is already decremented. */
672 	return NULL;
673     }
674     if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) {	/* tail anchored? */
675 	s = bigend - littlelen;
676 	if (s >= big && bigend[-1] == '\n' && *s == *little
677 	    /* Automatically of length > 2 */
678 	    && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
679 	{
680 	    return (char*)s;		/* how sweet it is */
681 	}
682 	if (s[1] == *little
683 	    && memEQ((char*)s + 2, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
684 	{
685 	    return (char*)s + 1;	/* how sweet it is */
686 	}
687 	return NULL;
688     }
689     if (!SvVALID(littlestr)) {
690 	char * const b = ninstr((char*)big,(char*)bigend,
691 			 (char*)little, (char*)little + littlelen);
692 
693 	if (!b && SvTAIL(littlestr)) {	/* Automatically multiline!  */
694 	    /* Chop \n from littlestr: */
695 	    s = bigend - littlelen + 1;
696 	    if (*s == *little
697 		&& memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
698 	    {
699 		return (char*)s;
700 	    }
701 	    return NULL;
702 	}
703 	return b;
704     }
705 
706     /* Do actual FBM.  */
707     if (littlelen > (STRLEN)(bigend - big))
708 	return NULL;
709 
710     {
711 	register const unsigned char * const table
712 	    = little + littlelen + PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET;
713 	register const unsigned char *oldlittle;
714 
715 	--littlelen;			/* Last char found by table lookup */
716 
717 	s = big + littlelen;
718 	little += littlelen;		/* last char */
719 	oldlittle = little;
720 	if (s < bigend) {
721 	    register I32 tmp;
722 
723 	  top2:
724 	    if ((tmp = table[*s])) {
725 		if ((s += tmp) < bigend)
726 		    goto top2;
727 		goto check_end;
728 	    }
729 	    else {		/* less expensive than calling strncmp() */
730 		register unsigned char * const olds = s;
731 
732 		tmp = littlelen;
733 
734 		while (tmp--) {
735 		    if (*--s == *--little)
736 			continue;
737 		    s = olds + 1;	/* here we pay the price for failure */
738 		    little = oldlittle;
739 		    if (s < bigend)	/* fake up continue to outer loop */
740 			goto top2;
741 		    goto check_end;
742 		}
743 		return (char *)s;
744 	    }
745 	}
746       check_end:
747 	if ( s == bigend
748 	     && (BmFLAGS(littlestr) & FBMcf_TAIL)
749 	     && memEQ((char *)(bigend - littlelen),
750 		      (char *)(oldlittle - littlelen), littlelen) )
751 	    return (char*)bigend - littlelen;
752 	return NULL;
753     }
754 }
755 
756 /* start_shift, end_shift are positive quantities which give offsets
757    of ends of some substring of bigstr.
758    If "last" we want the last occurrence.
759    old_posp is the way of communication between consequent calls if
760    the next call needs to find the .
761    The initial *old_posp should be -1.
762 
763    Note that we take into account SvTAIL, so one can get extra
764    optimizations if _ALL flag is set.
765  */
766 
767 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
768    if PL_multiline.  In fact if !PL_multiline the authoritative answer
769    is not supported yet. */
770 
771 char *
772 Perl_screaminstr(pTHX_ SV *bigstr, SV *littlestr, I32 start_shift, I32 end_shift, I32 *old_posp, I32 last)
773 {
774     dVAR;
775     register const unsigned char *big;
776     register I32 pos;
777     register I32 previous;
778     register I32 first;
779     register const unsigned char *little;
780     register I32 stop_pos;
781     register const unsigned char *littleend;
782     I32 found = 0;
783 
784     assert(SvTYPE(littlestr) == SVt_PVGV);
785     assert(SvVALID(littlestr));
786 
787     if (*old_posp == -1
788 	? (pos = PL_screamfirst[BmRARE(littlestr)]) < 0
789 	: (((pos = *old_posp), pos += PL_screamnext[pos]) == 0)) {
790       cant_find:
791 	if ( BmRARE(littlestr) == '\n'
792 	     && BmPREVIOUS(littlestr) == SvCUR(littlestr) - 1) {
793 	    little = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(littlestr));
794 	    littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
795 	    first = *little++;
796 	    goto check_tail;
797 	}
798 	return NULL;
799     }
800 
801     little = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(littlestr));
802     littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
803     first = *little++;
804     /* The value of pos we can start at: */
805     previous = BmPREVIOUS(littlestr);
806     big = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(bigstr));
807     /* The value of pos we can stop at: */
808     stop_pos = SvCUR(bigstr) - end_shift - (SvCUR(littlestr) - 1 - previous);
809     if (previous + start_shift > stop_pos) {
810 /*
811   stop_pos does not include SvTAIL in the count, so this check is incorrect
812   (I think) - see [ID 20010618.006] and t/op/study.t. HVDS 2001/06/19
813 */
814 #if 0
815 	if (previous + start_shift == stop_pos + 1) /* A fake '\n'? */
816 	    goto check_tail;
817 #endif
818 	return NULL;
819     }
820     while (pos < previous + start_shift) {
821 	if (!(pos += PL_screamnext[pos]))
822 	    goto cant_find;
823     }
824     big -= previous;
825     do {
826 	register const unsigned char *s, *x;
827 	if (pos >= stop_pos) break;
828 	if (big[pos] != first)
829 	    continue;
830 	for (x=big+pos+1,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
831 	    if (*s++ != *x++) {
832 		s--;
833 		break;
834 	    }
835 	}
836 	if (s == littleend) {
837 	    *old_posp = pos;
838 	    if (!last) return (char *)(big+pos);
839 	    found = 1;
840 	}
841     } while ( pos += PL_screamnext[pos] );
842     if (last && found)
843 	return (char *)(big+(*old_posp));
844   check_tail:
845     if (!SvTAIL(littlestr) || (end_shift > 0))
846 	return NULL;
847     /* Ignore the trailing "\n".  This code is not microoptimized */
848     big = (const unsigned char *)(SvPVX_const(bigstr) + SvCUR(bigstr));
849     stop_pos = littleend - little;	/* Actual littlestr len */
850     if (stop_pos == 0)
851 	return (char*)big;
852     big -= stop_pos;
853     if (*big == first
854 	&& ((stop_pos == 1) ||
855 	    memEQ((char *)(big + 1), (char *)little, stop_pos - 1)))
856 	return (char*)big;
857     return NULL;
858 }
859 
860 I32
861 Perl_ibcmp(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
862 {
863     register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
864     register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
865     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
866 
867     while (len--) {
868 	if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold[*b])
869 	    return 1;
870 	a++,b++;
871     }
872     return 0;
873 }
874 
875 I32
876 Perl_ibcmp_locale(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
877 {
878     dVAR;
879     register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
880     register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
881     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
882 
883     while (len--) {
884 	if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold_locale[*b])
885 	    return 1;
886 	a++,b++;
887     }
888     return 0;
889 }
890 
891 /* copy a string to a safe spot */
892 
893 /*
894 =head1 Memory Management
895 
896 =for apidoc savepv
897 
898 Perl's version of C<strdup()>. Returns a pointer to a newly allocated
899 string which is a duplicate of C<pv>. The size of the string is
900 determined by C<strlen()>. The memory allocated for the new string can
901 be freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
902 
903 =cut
904 */
905 
906 char *
907 Perl_savepv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
908 {
909     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
910     if (!pv)
911 	return NULL;
912     else {
913 	char *newaddr;
914 	const STRLEN pvlen = strlen(pv)+1;
915 	Newx(newaddr, pvlen, char);
916 	return (char*)memcpy(newaddr, pv, pvlen);
917     }
918 }
919 
920 /* same thing but with a known length */
921 
922 /*
923 =for apidoc savepvn
924 
925 Perl's version of what C<strndup()> would be if it existed. Returns a
926 pointer to a newly allocated string which is a duplicate of the first
927 C<len> bytes from C<pv>, plus a trailing NUL byte. The memory allocated for
928 the new string can be freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
929 
930 =cut
931 */
932 
933 char *
934 Perl_savepvn(pTHX_ const char *pv, register I32 len)
935 {
936     register char *newaddr;
937     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
938 
939     Newx(newaddr,len+1,char);
940     /* Give a meaning to NULL pointer mainly for the use in sv_magic() */
941     if (pv) {
942 	/* might not be null terminated */
943     	newaddr[len] = '\0';
944     	return (char *) CopyD(pv,newaddr,len,char);
945     }
946     else {
947 	return (char *) ZeroD(newaddr,len+1,char);
948     }
949 }
950 
951 /*
952 =for apidoc savesharedpv
953 
954 A version of C<savepv()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
955 which is shared between threads.
956 
957 =cut
958 */
959 char *
960 Perl_savesharedpv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
961 {
962     register char *newaddr;
963     STRLEN pvlen;
964     if (!pv)
965 	return NULL;
966 
967     pvlen = strlen(pv)+1;
968     newaddr = (char*)PerlMemShared_malloc(pvlen);
969     if (!newaddr) {
970 	return write_no_mem();
971     }
972     return (char*)memcpy(newaddr, pv, pvlen);
973 }
974 
975 /*
976 =for apidoc savesharedpvn
977 
978 A version of C<savepvn()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
979 which is shared between threads. (With the specific difference that a NULL
980 pointer is not acceptable)
981 
982 =cut
983 */
984 char *
985 Perl_savesharedpvn(pTHX_ const char *const pv, const STRLEN len)
986 {
987     char *const newaddr = (char*)PerlMemShared_malloc(len + 1);
988     assert(pv);
989     if (!newaddr) {
990 	return write_no_mem();
991     }
992     newaddr[len] = '\0';
993     return (char*)memcpy(newaddr, pv, len);
994 }
995 
996 /*
997 =for apidoc savesvpv
998 
999 A version of C<savepv()>/C<savepvn()> which gets the string to duplicate from
1000 the passed in SV using C<SvPV()>
1001 
1002 =cut
1003 */
1004 
1005 char *
1006 Perl_savesvpv(pTHX_ SV *sv)
1007 {
1008     STRLEN len;
1009     const char * const pv = SvPV_const(sv, len);
1010     register char *newaddr;
1011 
1012     ++len;
1013     Newx(newaddr,len,char);
1014     return (char *) CopyD(pv,newaddr,len,char);
1015 }
1016 
1017 
1018 /* the SV for Perl_form() and mess() is not kept in an arena */
1019 
1020 STATIC SV *
1021 S_mess_alloc(pTHX)
1022 {
1023     dVAR;
1024     SV *sv;
1025     XPVMG *any;
1026 
1027     if (!PL_dirty)
1028 	return sv_2mortal(newSVpvs(""));
1029 
1030     if (PL_mess_sv)
1031 	return PL_mess_sv;
1032 
1033     /* Create as PVMG now, to avoid any upgrading later */
1034     Newx(sv, 1, SV);
1035     Newxz(any, 1, XPVMG);
1036     SvFLAGS(sv) = SVt_PVMG;
1037     SvANY(sv) = (void*)any;
1038     SvPV_set(sv, NULL);
1039     SvREFCNT(sv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
1040     PL_mess_sv = sv;
1041     return sv;
1042 }
1043 
1044 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1045 char *
1046 Perl_form_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
1047 {
1048     dTHX;
1049     char *retval;
1050     va_list args;
1051     va_start(args, pat);
1052     retval = vform(pat, &args);
1053     va_end(args);
1054     return retval;
1055 }
1056 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1057 
1058 /*
1059 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
1060 =for apidoc form
1061 
1062 Takes a sprintf-style format pattern and conventional
1063 (non-SV) arguments and returns the formatted string.
1064 
1065     (char *) Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1066 
1067 can be used any place a string (char *) is required:
1068 
1069     char * s = Perl_form("%d.%d",major,minor);
1070 
1071 Uses a single private buffer so if you want to format several strings you
1072 must explicitly copy the earlier strings away (and free the copies when you
1073 are done).
1074 
1075 =cut
1076 */
1077 
1078 char *
1079 Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1080 {
1081     char *retval;
1082     va_list args;
1083     va_start(args, pat);
1084     retval = vform(pat, &args);
1085     va_end(args);
1086     return retval;
1087 }
1088 
1089 char *
1090 Perl_vform(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
1091 {
1092     SV * const sv = mess_alloc();
1093     sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, NULL, 0, NULL);
1094     return SvPVX(sv);
1095 }
1096 
1097 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1098 SV *
1099 Perl_mess_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1100 {
1101     dTHX;
1102     SV *retval;
1103     va_list args;
1104     va_start(args, pat);
1105     retval = vmess(pat, &args);
1106     va_end(args);
1107     return retval;
1108 }
1109 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1110 
1111 SV *
1112 Perl_mess(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1113 {
1114     SV *retval;
1115     va_list args;
1116     va_start(args, pat);
1117     retval = vmess(pat, &args);
1118     va_end(args);
1119     return retval;
1120 }
1121 
1122 STATIC const COP*
1123 S_closest_cop(pTHX_ const COP *cop, const OP *o)
1124 {
1125     dVAR;
1126     /* Look for PL_op starting from o.  cop is the last COP we've seen. */
1127 
1128     if (!o || o == PL_op)
1129 	return cop;
1130 
1131     if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1132 	const OP *kid;
1133 	for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1134 	    const COP *new_cop;
1135 
1136 	    /* If the OP_NEXTSTATE has been optimised away we can still use it
1137 	     * the get the file and line number. */
1138 
1139 	    if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE)
1140 		cop = (const COP *)kid;
1141 
1142 	    /* Keep searching, and return when we've found something. */
1143 
1144 	    new_cop = closest_cop(cop, kid);
1145 	    if (new_cop)
1146 		return new_cop;
1147 	}
1148     }
1149 
1150     /* Nothing found. */
1151 
1152     return NULL;
1153 }
1154 
1155 SV *
1156 Perl_vmess(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
1157 {
1158     dVAR;
1159     SV * const sv = mess_alloc();
1160 
1161     sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, NULL, 0, NULL);
1162     if (!SvCUR(sv) || *(SvEND(sv) - 1) != '\n') {
1163 	/*
1164 	 * Try and find the file and line for PL_op.  This will usually be
1165 	 * PL_curcop, but it might be a cop that has been optimised away.  We
1166 	 * can try to find such a cop by searching through the optree starting
1167 	 * from the sibling of PL_curcop.
1168 	 */
1169 
1170 	const COP *cop = closest_cop(PL_curcop, PL_curcop->op_sibling);
1171 	if (!cop)
1172 	    cop = PL_curcop;
1173 
1174 	if (CopLINE(cop))
1175 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " at %s line %"IVdf,
1176 	    OutCopFILE(cop), (IV)CopLINE(cop));
1177 	/* Seems that GvIO() can be untrustworthy during global destruction. */
1178 	if (GvIO(PL_last_in_gv) && (SvTYPE(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)) == SVt_PVIO)
1179 		&& IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)))
1180 	{
1181 	    const bool line_mode = (RsSIMPLE(PL_rs) &&
1182 			      SvCUR(PL_rs) == 1 && *SvPVX_const(PL_rs) == '\n');
1183 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ", <%s> %s %"IVdf,
1184 			   PL_last_in_gv == PL_argvgv ? "" : GvNAME(PL_last_in_gv),
1185 			   line_mode ? "line" : "chunk",
1186 			   (IV)IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)));
1187 	}
1188 	if (PL_dirty)
1189 	    sv_catpvs(sv, " during global destruction");
1190 	sv_catpvs(sv, ".\n");
1191     }
1192     return sv;
1193 }
1194 
1195 void
1196 Perl_write_to_stderr(pTHX_ const char* message, int msglen)
1197 {
1198     dVAR;
1199     IO *io;
1200     MAGIC *mg;
1201 
1202     if (PL_stderrgv && SvREFCNT(PL_stderrgv)
1203 	&& (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv))
1204 	&& (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
1205     {
1206 	dSP;
1207 	ENTER;
1208 	SAVETMPS;
1209 
1210 	save_re_context();
1211 	SAVESPTR(PL_stderrgv);
1212 	PL_stderrgv = NULL;
1213 
1214 	PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1215 
1216 	PUSHMARK(SP);
1217 	EXTEND(SP,2);
1218 	PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)io, mg));
1219 	PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(message, msglen)));
1220 	PUTBACK;
1221 	call_method("PRINT", G_SCALAR);
1222 
1223 	POPSTACK;
1224 	FREETMPS;
1225 	LEAVE;
1226     }
1227     else {
1228 #ifdef USE_SFIO
1229 	/* SFIO can really mess with your errno */
1230 	const int e = errno;
1231 #endif
1232 	PerlIO * const serr = Perl_error_log;
1233 
1234 	PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1235 	(void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1236 #ifdef USE_SFIO
1237 	errno = e;
1238 #endif
1239     }
1240 }
1241 
1242 /* Common code used by vcroak, vdie, vwarn and vwarner  */
1243 
1244 STATIC bool
1245 S_vdie_common(pTHX_ const char *message, STRLEN msglen, I32 utf8, bool warn)
1246 {
1247     dVAR;
1248     HV *stash;
1249     GV *gv;
1250     CV *cv;
1251     SV **const hook = warn ? &PL_warnhook : &PL_diehook;
1252     /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() or Perl_warner() */
1253     SV * const oldhook = *hook;
1254 
1255     assert(oldhook);
1256 
1257     ENTER;
1258     SAVESPTR(*hook);
1259     *hook = NULL;
1260     cv = sv_2cv(oldhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1261     LEAVE;
1262     if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1263 	dSP;
1264 	SV *msg;
1265 
1266 	ENTER;
1267 	save_re_context();
1268 	if (warn) {
1269 	    SAVESPTR(*hook);
1270 	    *hook = NULL;
1271 	}
1272 	if (warn || message) {
1273 	    msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1274 	    SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1275 	    SvREADONLY_on(msg);
1276 	    SAVEFREESV(msg);
1277 	}
1278 	else {
1279 	    msg = ERRSV;
1280 	}
1281 
1282 	PUSHSTACKi(warn ? PERLSI_WARNHOOK : PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1283 	PUSHMARK(SP);
1284 	XPUSHs(msg);
1285 	PUTBACK;
1286 	call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1287 	POPSTACK;
1288 	LEAVE;
1289 	return TRUE;
1290     }
1291     return FALSE;
1292 }
1293 
1294 STATIC const char *
1295 S_vdie_croak_common(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list* args, STRLEN* msglen,
1296 		    I32* utf8)
1297 {
1298     dVAR;
1299     const char *message;
1300 
1301     if (pat) {
1302 	SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
1303 	if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
1304 	    sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
1305 	    message = SvPV_const(PL_errors, *msglen);
1306 	    SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
1307 	}
1308 	else
1309 	    message = SvPV_const(msv,*msglen);
1310 	*utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
1311     }
1312     else {
1313 	message = NULL;
1314     }
1315 
1316     DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1317 			  "%p: die/croak: message = %s\ndiehook = %p\n",
1318 			  (void*)thr, message, (void*)PL_diehook));
1319     if (PL_diehook) {
1320 	S_vdie_common(aTHX_ message, *msglen, *utf8, FALSE);
1321     }
1322     return message;
1323 }
1324 
1325 OP *
1326 Perl_vdie(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1327 {
1328     dVAR;
1329     const char *message;
1330     const int was_in_eval = PL_in_eval;
1331     STRLEN msglen;
1332     I32 utf8 = 0;
1333 
1334     DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1335 			  "%p: die: curstack = %p, mainstack = %p\n",
1336 			  (void*)thr, (void*)PL_curstack, (void*)PL_mainstack));
1337 
1338     message = vdie_croak_common(pat, args, &msglen, &utf8);
1339 
1340     PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1341     SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1342     DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1343 	  "%p: die: restartop = %p, was_in_eval = %d, top_env = %p\n",
1344 	  (void*)thr, (void*)PL_restartop, was_in_eval, (void*)PL_top_env));
1345     if ((!PL_restartop && was_in_eval) || PL_top_env->je_prev)
1346 	JMPENV_JUMP(3);
1347     return PL_restartop;
1348 }
1349 
1350 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1351 OP *
1352 Perl_die_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
1353 {
1354     dTHX;
1355     OP *o;
1356     va_list args;
1357     va_start(args, pat);
1358     o = vdie(pat, &args);
1359     va_end(args);
1360     return o;
1361 }
1362 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1363 
1364 OP *
1365 Perl_die(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1366 {
1367     OP *o;
1368     va_list args;
1369     va_start(args, pat);
1370     o = vdie(pat, &args);
1371     va_end(args);
1372     return o;
1373 }
1374 
1375 void
1376 Perl_vcroak(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1377 {
1378     dVAR;
1379     const char *message;
1380     STRLEN msglen;
1381     I32 utf8 = 0;
1382 
1383     message = S_vdie_croak_common(aTHX_ pat, args, &msglen, &utf8);
1384 
1385     if (PL_in_eval) {
1386 	PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1387 	SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1388 	JMPENV_JUMP(3);
1389     }
1390     else if (!message)
1391 	message = SvPVx_const(ERRSV, msglen);
1392 
1393     write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1394     my_failure_exit();
1395 }
1396 
1397 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1398 void
1399 Perl_croak_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1400 {
1401     dTHX;
1402     va_list args;
1403     va_start(args, pat);
1404     vcroak(pat, &args);
1405     /* NOTREACHED */
1406     va_end(args);
1407 }
1408 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1409 
1410 /*
1411 =head1 Warning and Dieing
1412 
1413 =for apidoc croak
1414 
1415 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<die> function.
1416 Normally call this function the same way you call the C C<printf>
1417 function.  Calling C<croak> returns control directly to Perl,
1418 sidestepping the normal C order of execution. See C<warn>.
1419 
1420 If you want to throw an exception object, assign the object to
1421 C<$@> and then pass C<NULL> to croak():
1422 
1423    errsv = get_sv("@", TRUE);
1424    sv_setsv(errsv, exception_object);
1425    croak(NULL);
1426 
1427 =cut
1428 */
1429 
1430 void
1431 Perl_croak(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1432 {
1433     va_list args;
1434     va_start(args, pat);
1435     vcroak(pat, &args);
1436     /* NOTREACHED */
1437     va_end(args);
1438 }
1439 
1440 void
1441 Perl_vwarn(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1442 {
1443     dVAR;
1444     STRLEN msglen;
1445     SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
1446     const I32 utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
1447     const char * const message = SvPV_const(msv, msglen);
1448 
1449     if (PL_warnhook) {
1450 	if (vdie_common(message, msglen, utf8, TRUE))
1451 	    return;
1452     }
1453 
1454     write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1455 }
1456 
1457 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1458 void
1459 Perl_warn_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1460 {
1461     dTHX;
1462     va_list args;
1463     va_start(args, pat);
1464     vwarn(pat, &args);
1465     va_end(args);
1466 }
1467 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1468 
1469 /*
1470 =for apidoc warn
1471 
1472 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<warn> function.  Call this
1473 function the same way you call the C C<printf> function.  See C<croak>.
1474 
1475 =cut
1476 */
1477 
1478 void
1479 Perl_warn(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1480 {
1481     va_list args;
1482     va_start(args, pat);
1483     vwarn(pat, &args);
1484     va_end(args);
1485 }
1486 
1487 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1488 void
1489 Perl_warner_nocontext(U32 err, const char *pat, ...)
1490 {
1491     dTHX;
1492     va_list args;
1493     va_start(args, pat);
1494     vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1495     va_end(args);
1496 }
1497 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1498 
1499 void
1500 Perl_warner(pTHX_ U32  err, const char* pat,...)
1501 {
1502     va_list args;
1503     va_start(args, pat);
1504     vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1505     va_end(args);
1506 }
1507 
1508 void
1509 Perl_vwarner(pTHX_ U32  err, const char* pat, va_list* args)
1510 {
1511     dVAR;
1512     if (PL_warnhook == PERL_WARNHOOK_FATAL || ckDEAD(err)) {
1513 	SV * const msv = vmess(pat, args);
1514 	STRLEN msglen;
1515 	const char * const message = SvPV_const(msv, msglen);
1516 	const I32 utf8 = SvUTF8(msv);
1517 
1518 	if (PL_diehook) {
1519 	    assert(message);
1520 	    S_vdie_common(aTHX_ message, msglen, utf8, FALSE);
1521 	}
1522 	if (PL_in_eval) {
1523 	    PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1524 	    SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1525 	    JMPENV_JUMP(3);
1526 	}
1527 	write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1528 	my_failure_exit();
1529     }
1530     else {
1531 	Perl_vwarn(aTHX_ pat, args);
1532     }
1533 }
1534 
1535 /* implements the ckWARN? macros */
1536 
1537 bool
1538 Perl_ckwarn(pTHX_ U32 w)
1539 {
1540     dVAR;
1541     return
1542 	(
1543 	       isLEXWARN_on
1544 	    && PL_curcop->cop_warnings != pWARN_NONE
1545 	    && (
1546 		   PL_curcop->cop_warnings == pWARN_ALL
1547 		|| isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN1(w))
1548 		|| (unpackWARN2(w) &&
1549 		     isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN2(w)))
1550 		|| (unpackWARN3(w) &&
1551 		     isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN3(w)))
1552 		|| (unpackWARN4(w) &&
1553 		     isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN4(w)))
1554 		)
1555 	)
1556 	||
1557 	(
1558 	    isLEXWARN_off && PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON
1559 	)
1560 	;
1561 }
1562 
1563 /* implements the ckWARN?_d macro */
1564 
1565 bool
1566 Perl_ckwarn_d(pTHX_ U32 w)
1567 {
1568     dVAR;
1569     return
1570 	   isLEXWARN_off
1571 	|| PL_curcop->cop_warnings == pWARN_ALL
1572 	|| (
1573 	      PL_curcop->cop_warnings != pWARN_NONE
1574 	   && (
1575 		   isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN1(w))
1576 	      || (unpackWARN2(w) &&
1577 		   isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN2(w)))
1578 	      || (unpackWARN3(w) &&
1579 		   isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN3(w)))
1580 	      || (unpackWARN4(w) &&
1581 		   isWARN_on(PL_curcop->cop_warnings, unpackWARN4(w)))
1582 	      )
1583 	   )
1584 	;
1585 }
1586 
1587 /* Set buffer=NULL to get a new one.  */
1588 STRLEN *
1589 Perl_new_warnings_bitfield(pTHX_ STRLEN *buffer, const char *const bits,
1590 			   STRLEN size) {
1591     const MEM_SIZE len_wanted = sizeof(STRLEN) + size;
1592     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1593 
1594     buffer = (STRLEN*)
1595 	(specialWARN(buffer) ?
1596 	 PerlMemShared_malloc(len_wanted) :
1597 	 PerlMemShared_realloc(buffer, len_wanted));
1598     buffer[0] = size;
1599     Copy(bits, (buffer + 1), size, char);
1600     return buffer;
1601 }
1602 
1603 /* since we've already done strlen() for both nam and val
1604  * we can use that info to make things faster than
1605  * sprintf(s, "%s=%s", nam, val)
1606  */
1607 #define my_setenv_format(s, nam, nlen, val, vlen) \
1608    Copy(nam, s, nlen, char); \
1609    *(s+nlen) = '='; \
1610    Copy(val, s+(nlen+1), vlen, char); \
1611    *(s+(nlen+1+vlen)) = '\0'
1612 
1613 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
1614        /* VMS' my_setenv() is in vms.c */
1615 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
1616 void
1617 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ const char *nam, const char *val)
1618 {
1619   dVAR;
1620 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1621   /* only parent thread can modify process environment */
1622   if (PL_curinterp == aTHX)
1623 #endif
1624   {
1625 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1626     if (!PL_use_safe_putenv) {
1627     /* most putenv()s leak, so we manipulate environ directly */
1628     register I32 i=setenv_getix(nam);          /* where does it go? */
1629     int nlen, vlen;
1630 
1631     if (environ == PL_origenviron) {   /* need we copy environment? */
1632        I32 j;
1633        I32 max;
1634        char **tmpenv;
1635 
1636        max = i;
1637        while (environ[max])
1638            max++;
1639        tmpenv = (char**)safesysmalloc((max+2) * sizeof(char*));
1640        for (j=0; j<max; j++) {         /* copy environment */
1641            const int len = strlen(environ[j]);
1642            tmpenv[j] = (char*)safesysmalloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
1643            Copy(environ[j], tmpenv[j], len+1, char);
1644        }
1645        tmpenv[max] = NULL;
1646        environ = tmpenv;               /* tell exec where it is now */
1647     }
1648     if (!val) {
1649        safesysfree(environ[i]);
1650        while (environ[i]) {
1651            environ[i] = environ[i+1];
1652            i++;
1653 	}
1654        return;
1655     }
1656     if (!environ[i]) {                 /* does not exist yet */
1657        environ = (char**)safesysrealloc(environ, (i+2) * sizeof(char*));
1658        environ[i+1] = NULL;    /* make sure it's null terminated */
1659     }
1660     else
1661        safesysfree(environ[i]);
1662        nlen = strlen(nam);
1663        vlen = strlen(val);
1664 
1665        environ[i] = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen+vlen+2) * sizeof(char));
1666        /* all that work just for this */
1667        my_setenv_format(environ[i], nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1668     } else {
1669 # endif
1670 #   if defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__riscos__)
1671 #       if defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
1672         if (val == NULL) {
1673             (void)unsetenv(nam);
1674         } else {
1675             (void)setenv(nam, val, 1);
1676         }
1677 #       else /* ! HAS_UNSETENV */
1678         (void)setenv(nam, val, 1);
1679 #       endif /* HAS_UNSETENV */
1680 #   else
1681 #       if defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
1682         if (val == NULL) {
1683             (void)unsetenv(nam);
1684         } else {
1685 	    const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1686 	    const int vlen = strlen(val);
1687 	    char * const new_env =
1688                 (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1689             my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1690             (void)putenv(new_env);
1691         }
1692 #       else /* ! HAS_UNSETENV */
1693         char *new_env;
1694 	const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1695 	int vlen;
1696         if (!val) {
1697 	   val = "";
1698         }
1699         vlen = strlen(val);
1700         new_env = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1701         /* all that work just for this */
1702         my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1703         (void)putenv(new_env);
1704 #       endif /* HAS_UNSETENV */
1705 #   endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
1706 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1707     }
1708 #endif
1709   }
1710 }
1711 
1712 #else /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1713 
1714 void
1715 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ const char *nam, const char *val)
1716 {
1717     dVAR;
1718     register char *envstr;
1719     const int nlen = strlen(nam);
1720     int vlen;
1721 
1722     if (!val) {
1723        val = "";
1724     }
1725     vlen = strlen(val);
1726     Newx(envstr, nlen+vlen+2, char);
1727     my_setenv_format(envstr, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1728     (void)PerlEnv_putenv(envstr);
1729     Safefree(envstr);
1730 }
1731 
1732 #endif /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1733 
1734 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
1735 I32
1736 Perl_setenv_getix(pTHX_ const char *nam)
1737 {
1738     register I32 i;
1739     register const I32 len = strlen(nam);
1740     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1741 
1742     for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
1743 	if (
1744 #ifdef WIN32
1745 	    strnicmp(environ[i],nam,len) == 0
1746 #else
1747 	    strnEQ(environ[i],nam,len)
1748 #endif
1749 	    && environ[i][len] == '=')
1750 	    break;			/* strnEQ must come first to avoid */
1751     }					/* potential SEGV's */
1752     return i;
1753 }
1754 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
1755 
1756 #endif /* !VMS && !EPOC*/
1757 
1758 #ifdef UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS
1759 I32
1760 Perl_unlnk(pTHX_ const char *f)	/* unlink all versions of a file */
1761 {
1762     I32 retries = 0;
1763 
1764     while (PerlLIO_unlink(f) >= 0)
1765 	retries++;
1766     return retries ? 0 : -1;
1767 }
1768 #endif
1769 
1770 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bcopy() */
1771 #if (!defined(HAS_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_BCOPY)) || (!defined(HAS_MEMMOVE) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_BCOPY))
1772 char *
1773 Perl_my_bcopy(register const char *from,register char *to,register I32 len)
1774 {
1775     char * const retval = to;
1776 
1777     if (from - to >= 0) {
1778 	while (len--)
1779 	    *to++ = *from++;
1780     }
1781     else {
1782 	to += len;
1783 	from += len;
1784 	while (len--)
1785 	    *(--to) = *(--from);
1786     }
1787     return retval;
1788 }
1789 #endif
1790 
1791 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memset() */
1792 #ifndef HAS_MEMSET
1793 void *
1794 Perl_my_memset(register char *loc, register I32 ch, register I32 len)
1795 {
1796     char * const retval = loc;
1797 
1798     while (len--)
1799 	*loc++ = ch;
1800     return retval;
1801 }
1802 #endif
1803 
1804 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bzero() */
1805 #if !defined(HAS_BZERO) && !defined(HAS_MEMSET)
1806 char *
1807 Perl_my_bzero(register char *loc, register I32 len)
1808 {
1809     char * const retval = loc;
1810 
1811     while (len--)
1812 	*loc++ = 0;
1813     return retval;
1814 }
1815 #endif
1816 
1817 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memcmp() */
1818 #if !defined(HAS_MEMCMP) || !defined(HAS_SANE_MEMCMP)
1819 I32
1820 Perl_my_memcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
1821 {
1822     register const U8 *a = (const U8 *)s1;
1823     register const U8 *b = (const U8 *)s2;
1824     register I32 tmp;
1825 
1826     while (len--) {
1827         if ((tmp = *a++ - *b++))
1828 	    return tmp;
1829     }
1830     return 0;
1831 }
1832 #endif /* !HAS_MEMCMP || !HAS_SANE_MEMCMP */
1833 
1834 #ifndef HAS_VPRINTF
1835 /* This vsprintf replacement should generally never get used, since
1836    vsprintf was available in both System V and BSD 2.11.  (There may
1837    be some cross-compilation or embedded set-ups where it is needed,
1838    however.)
1839 
1840    If you encounter a problem in this function, it's probably a symptom
1841    that Configure failed to detect your system's vprintf() function.
1842    See the section on "item vsprintf" in the INSTALL file.
1843 
1844    This version may compile on systems with BSD-ish <stdio.h>,
1845    but probably won't on others.
1846 */
1847 
1848 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1849 char *
1850 #else
1851 int
1852 #endif
1853 vsprintf(char *dest, const char *pat, void *args)
1854 {
1855     FILE fakebuf;
1856 
1857 #if defined(STDIO_PTR_LVALUE) && defined(STDIO_CNT_LVALUE)
1858     FILE_ptr(&fakebuf) = (STDCHAR *) dest;
1859     FILE_cnt(&fakebuf) = 32767;
1860 #else
1861     /* These probably won't compile -- If you really need
1862        this, you'll have to figure out some other method. */
1863     fakebuf._ptr = dest;
1864     fakebuf._cnt = 32767;
1865 #endif
1866 #ifndef _IOSTRG
1867 #define _IOSTRG 0
1868 #endif
1869     fakebuf._flag = _IOWRT|_IOSTRG;
1870     _doprnt(pat, args, &fakebuf);	/* what a kludge */
1871 #if defined(STDIO_PTR_LVALUE)
1872     *(FILE_ptr(&fakebuf)++) = '\0';
1873 #else
1874     /* PerlIO has probably #defined away fputc, but we want it here. */
1875 #  ifdef fputc
1876 #    undef fputc  /* XXX Should really restore it later */
1877 #  endif
1878     (void)fputc('\0', &fakebuf);
1879 #endif
1880 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1881     return(dest);
1882 #else
1883     return 0;		/* perl doesn't use return value */
1884 #endif
1885 }
1886 
1887 #endif /* HAS_VPRINTF */
1888 
1889 #ifdef MYSWAP
1890 #if BYTEORDER != 0x4321
1891 short
1892 Perl_my_swap(pTHX_ short s)
1893 {
1894 #if (BYTEORDER & 1) == 0
1895     short result;
1896 
1897     result = ((s & 255) << 8) + ((s >> 8) & 255);
1898     return result;
1899 #else
1900     return s;
1901 #endif
1902 }
1903 
1904 long
1905 Perl_my_htonl(pTHX_ long l)
1906 {
1907     union {
1908 	long result;
1909 	char c[sizeof(long)];
1910     } u;
1911 
1912 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678
1913 #if BYTEORDER == 0x12345678
1914     u.result = 0;
1915 #endif
1916     u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1917     u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1918     u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1919     u.c[3] = l & 255;
1920     return u.result;
1921 #else
1922 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1923     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1924 #else
1925     register I32 o;
1926     register I32 s;
1927 
1928     for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1929 	u.c[o & 0xf] = (l >> s) & 255;
1930     }
1931     return u.result;
1932 #endif
1933 #endif
1934 }
1935 
1936 long
1937 Perl_my_ntohl(pTHX_ long l)
1938 {
1939     union {
1940 	long l;
1941 	char c[sizeof(long)];
1942     } u;
1943 
1944 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
1945     u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1946     u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1947     u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1948     u.c[3] = l & 255;
1949     return u.l;
1950 #else
1951 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1952     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1953 #else
1954     register I32 o;
1955     register I32 s;
1956 
1957     u.l = l;
1958     l = 0;
1959     for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1960 	l |= (u.c[o & 0xf] & 255) << s;
1961     }
1962     return l;
1963 #endif
1964 #endif
1965 }
1966 
1967 #endif /* BYTEORDER != 0x4321 */
1968 #endif /* MYSWAP */
1969 
1970 /*
1971  * Little-endian byte order functions - 'v' for 'VAX', or 'reVerse'.
1972  * If these functions are defined,
1973  * the BYTEORDER is neither 0x1234 nor 0x4321.
1974  * However, this is not assumed.
1975  * -DWS
1976  */
1977 
1978 #define HTOLE(name,type)					\
1979 	type							\
1980 	name (register type n)					\
1981 	{							\
1982 	    union {						\
1983 		type value;					\
1984 		char c[sizeof(type)];				\
1985 	    } u;						\
1986 	    register U32 i;					\
1987 	    register U32 s = 0;					\
1988 	    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) {		\
1989 		u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF;			\
1990 	    }							\
1991 	    return u.value;					\
1992 	}
1993 
1994 #define LETOH(name,type)					\
1995 	type							\
1996 	name (register type n)					\
1997 	{							\
1998 	    union {						\
1999 		type value;					\
2000 		char c[sizeof(type)];				\
2001 	    } u;						\
2002 	    register U32 i;					\
2003 	    register U32 s = 0;					\
2004 	    u.value = n;					\
2005 	    n = 0;						\
2006 	    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) {		\
2007 		n |= ((type)(u.c[i] & 0xFF)) << s;		\
2008 	    }							\
2009 	    return n;						\
2010 	}
2011 
2012 /*
2013  * Big-endian byte order functions.
2014  */
2015 
2016 #define HTOBE(name,type)					\
2017 	type							\
2018 	name (register type n)					\
2019 	{							\
2020 	    union {						\
2021 		type value;					\
2022 		char c[sizeof(type)];				\
2023 	    } u;						\
2024 	    register U32 i;					\
2025 	    register U32 s = 8*(sizeof(u.c)-1);			\
2026 	    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s -= 8) {		\
2027 		u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF;			\
2028 	    }							\
2029 	    return u.value;					\
2030 	}
2031 
2032 #define BETOH(name,type)					\
2033 	type							\
2034 	name (register type n)					\
2035 	{							\
2036 	    union {						\
2037 		type value;					\
2038 		char c[sizeof(type)];				\
2039 	    } u;						\
2040 	    register U32 i;					\
2041 	    register U32 s = 8*(sizeof(u.c)-1);			\
2042 	    u.value = n;					\
2043 	    n = 0;						\
2044 	    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s -= 8) {		\
2045 		n |= ((type)(u.c[i] & 0xFF)) << s;		\
2046 	    }							\
2047 	    return n;						\
2048 	}
2049 
2050 /*
2051  * If we just can't do it...
2052  */
2053 
2054 #define NOT_AVAIL(name,type)                                    \
2055         type                                                    \
2056         name (register type n)                                  \
2057         {                                                       \
2058             Perl_croak_nocontext(#name "() not available");     \
2059             return n; /* not reached */                         \
2060         }
2061 
2062 
2063 #if defined(HAS_HTOVS) && !defined(htovs)
2064 HTOLE(htovs,short)
2065 #endif
2066 #if defined(HAS_HTOVL) && !defined(htovl)
2067 HTOLE(htovl,long)
2068 #endif
2069 #if defined(HAS_VTOHS) && !defined(vtohs)
2070 LETOH(vtohs,short)
2071 #endif
2072 #if defined(HAS_VTOHL) && !defined(vtohl)
2073 LETOH(vtohl,long)
2074 #endif
2075 
2076 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE16
2077 # if U16SIZE == 2
2078 HTOLE(Perl_my_htole16,U16)
2079 # else
2080 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole16,U16)
2081 # endif
2082 #endif
2083 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH16
2084 # if U16SIZE == 2
2085 LETOH(Perl_my_letoh16,U16)
2086 # else
2087 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh16,U16)
2088 # endif
2089 #endif
2090 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE16
2091 # if U16SIZE == 2
2092 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe16,U16)
2093 # else
2094 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe16,U16)
2095 # endif
2096 #endif
2097 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH16
2098 # if U16SIZE == 2
2099 BETOH(Perl_my_betoh16,U16)
2100 # else
2101 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh16,U16)
2102 # endif
2103 #endif
2104 
2105 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE32
2106 # if U32SIZE == 4
2107 HTOLE(Perl_my_htole32,U32)
2108 # else
2109 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole32,U32)
2110 # endif
2111 #endif
2112 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH32
2113 # if U32SIZE == 4
2114 LETOH(Perl_my_letoh32,U32)
2115 # else
2116 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh32,U32)
2117 # endif
2118 #endif
2119 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE32
2120 # if U32SIZE == 4
2121 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe32,U32)
2122 # else
2123 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe32,U32)
2124 # endif
2125 #endif
2126 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH32
2127 # if U32SIZE == 4
2128 BETOH(Perl_my_betoh32,U32)
2129 # else
2130 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh32,U32)
2131 # endif
2132 #endif
2133 
2134 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLE64
2135 # if U64SIZE == 8
2136 HTOLE(Perl_my_htole64,U64)
2137 # else
2138 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htole64,U64)
2139 # endif
2140 #endif
2141 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOH64
2142 # if U64SIZE == 8
2143 LETOH(Perl_my_letoh64,U64)
2144 # else
2145 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_letoh64,U64)
2146 # endif
2147 #endif
2148 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBE64
2149 # if U64SIZE == 8
2150 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobe64,U64)
2151 # else
2152 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_htobe64,U64)
2153 # endif
2154 #endif
2155 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOH64
2156 # if U64SIZE == 8
2157 BETOH(Perl_my_betoh64,U64)
2158 # else
2159 NOT_AVAIL(Perl_my_betoh64,U64)
2160 # endif
2161 #endif
2162 
2163 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLES
2164 HTOLE(Perl_my_htoles,short)
2165 #endif
2166 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHS
2167 LETOH(Perl_my_letohs,short)
2168 #endif
2169 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBES
2170 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobes,short)
2171 #endif
2172 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHS
2173 BETOH(Perl_my_betohs,short)
2174 #endif
2175 
2176 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLEI
2177 HTOLE(Perl_my_htolei,int)
2178 #endif
2179 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHI
2180 LETOH(Perl_my_letohi,int)
2181 #endif
2182 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBEI
2183 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobei,int)
2184 #endif
2185 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHI
2186 BETOH(Perl_my_betohi,int)
2187 #endif
2188 
2189 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOLEL
2190 HTOLE(Perl_my_htolel,long)
2191 #endif
2192 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_LETOHL
2193 LETOH(Perl_my_letohl,long)
2194 #endif
2195 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_HTOBEL
2196 HTOBE(Perl_my_htobel,long)
2197 #endif
2198 #ifdef PERL_NEED_MY_BETOHL
2199 BETOH(Perl_my_betohl,long)
2200 #endif
2201 
2202 void
2203 Perl_my_swabn(void *ptr, int n)
2204 {
2205     register char *s = (char *)ptr;
2206     register char *e = s + (n-1);
2207     register char tc;
2208 
2209     for (n /= 2; n > 0; s++, e--, n--) {
2210       tc = *s;
2211       *s = *e;
2212       *e = tc;
2213     }
2214 }
2215 
2216 PerlIO *
2217 Perl_my_popen_list(pTHX_ char *mode, int n, SV **args)
2218 {
2219 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(NETWARE) && !defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2220     dVAR;
2221     int p[2];
2222     register I32 This, that;
2223     register Pid_t pid;
2224     SV *sv;
2225     I32 did_pipes = 0;
2226     int pp[2];
2227 
2228     PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2229     This = (*mode == 'w');
2230     that = !This;
2231     if (PL_tainting) {
2232 	taint_env();
2233 	taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
2234     }
2235     if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
2236 	return NULL;
2237     /* Try for another pipe pair for error return */
2238     if (PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
2239 	did_pipes = 1;
2240     while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
2241 	if (errno != EAGAIN) {
2242 	    PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2243 	    PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2244 	    if (did_pipes) {
2245 		PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2246 		PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2247 	    }
2248 	    return NULL;
2249 	}
2250 	sleep(5);
2251     }
2252     if (pid == 0) {
2253 	/* Child */
2254 #undef THIS
2255 #undef THAT
2256 #define THIS that
2257 #define THAT This
2258 	/* Close parent's end of error status pipe (if any) */
2259 	if (did_pipes) {
2260 	    PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2261 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
2262 	    /* Close error pipe automatically if exec works */
2263 	    fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2264 #endif
2265 	}
2266 	/* Now dup our end of _the_ pipe to right position */
2267 	if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
2268 	    PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
2269 	    PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
2270 	    if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r'))	/* if dup2() didn't close it */
2271 		PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);	/* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
2272 	}
2273 	else
2274 	    PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);	/* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
2275 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
2276 	/* No automatic close - do it by hand */
2277 #  ifndef NOFILE
2278 #  define NOFILE 20
2279 #  endif
2280 	{
2281 	    int fd;
2282 
2283 	    for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++) {
2284 		if (fd != pp[1])
2285 		    PerlLIO_close(fd);
2286 	    }
2287 	}
2288 #endif
2289 	do_aexec5(NULL, args-1, args-1+n, pp[1], did_pipes);
2290 	PerlProc__exit(1);
2291 #undef THIS
2292 #undef THAT
2293     }
2294     /* Parent */
2295     do_execfree();	/* free any memory malloced by child on fork */
2296     if (did_pipes)
2297 	PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2298     /* Keep the lower of the two fd numbers */
2299     if (p[that] < p[This]) {
2300 	PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2301 	PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2302 	p[This] = p[that];
2303     }
2304     else
2305 	PerlLIO_close(p[that]);		/* close child's end of pipe */
2306 
2307     LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2308     sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
2309     UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2310     SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2311     SvIV_set(sv, pid);
2312     PL_forkprocess = pid;
2313     /* If we managed to get status pipe check for exec fail */
2314     if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2315 	int errkid;
2316 	unsigned n = 0;
2317 	SSize_t n1;
2318 
2319 	while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2320 	    n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2321 			      (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2322 			      (sizeof(int)) - n);
2323 	    if (n1 <= 0)
2324 		break;
2325 	    n += n1;
2326 	}
2327 	PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2328 	did_pipes = 0;
2329 	if (n) {			/* Error */
2330 	    int pid2, status;
2331 	    PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2332 	    if (n != sizeof(int))
2333 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
2334 	    do {
2335 		pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2336 	    } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2337 	    errno = errkid;		/* Propagate errno from kid */
2338 	    return NULL;
2339 	}
2340     }
2341     if (did_pipes)
2342 	 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2343     return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
2344 #else
2345 #  ifdef OS2	/* Same, without fork()ing and all extra overhead... */
2346     return my_syspopen4(aTHX_ Nullch, mode, n, args);
2347 #  else
2348     Perl_croak(aTHX_ "List form of piped open not implemented");
2349     return (PerlIO *) NULL;
2350 #  endif
2351 #endif
2352 }
2353 
2354     /* VMS' my_popen() is in VMS.c, same with OS/2. */
2355 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2356 PerlIO *
2357 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ const char *cmd, const char *mode)
2358 {
2359     dVAR;
2360     int p[2];
2361     register I32 This, that;
2362     register Pid_t pid;
2363     SV *sv;
2364     const I32 doexec = !(*cmd == '-' && cmd[1] == '\0');
2365     I32 did_pipes = 0;
2366     int pp[2];
2367 
2368     PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2369 #ifdef OS2
2370     if (doexec) {
2371 	return my_syspopen(aTHX_ cmd,mode);
2372     }
2373 #endif
2374     This = (*mode == 'w');
2375     that = !This;
2376     if (doexec && PL_tainting) {
2377 	taint_env();
2378 	taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
2379     }
2380     if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
2381 	return NULL;
2382     if (doexec && PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
2383 	did_pipes = 1;
2384     while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
2385 	if (errno != EAGAIN) {
2386 	    PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2387 	    PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2388 	    if (did_pipes) {
2389 		PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2390 		PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2391 	    }
2392 	    if (!doexec)
2393 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fork");
2394 	    return NULL;
2395 	}
2396 	sleep(5);
2397     }
2398     if (pid == 0) {
2399 	GV* tmpgv;
2400 
2401 #undef THIS
2402 #undef THAT
2403 #define THIS that
2404 #define THAT This
2405 	if (did_pipes) {
2406 	    PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2407 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
2408 	    fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2409 #endif
2410 	}
2411 	if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
2412 	    PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
2413 	    PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
2414 	    if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r'))	/* if dup2() didn't close it */
2415 		PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
2416 	}
2417 	else
2418 	    PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
2419 #ifndef OS2
2420 	if (doexec) {
2421 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
2422 #ifndef NOFILE
2423 #define NOFILE 20
2424 #endif
2425 	    {
2426 		int fd;
2427 
2428 		for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++)
2429 		    if (fd != pp[1])
2430 			PerlLIO_close(fd);
2431 	    }
2432 #endif
2433 	    /* may or may not use the shell */
2434 	    do_exec3(cmd, pp[1], did_pipes);
2435 	    PerlProc__exit(1);
2436 	}
2437 #endif	/* defined OS2 */
2438 
2439 #ifdef PERLIO_USING_CRLF
2440    /* Since we circumvent IO layers when we manipulate low-level
2441       filedescriptors directly, need to manually switch to the
2442       default, binary, low-level mode; see PerlIOBuf_open(). */
2443    PerlLIO_setmode((*mode == 'r'), O_BINARY);
2444 #endif
2445 
2446 	if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
2447 	    SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
2448 	    sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), PerlProc_getpid());
2449 	    SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
2450 	}
2451 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
2452 	PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
2453 #endif
2454 	PL_forkprocess = 0;
2455 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
2456 	hv_clear(PL_pidstatus);	/* we have no children */
2457 #endif
2458 	return NULL;
2459 #undef THIS
2460 #undef THAT
2461     }
2462     do_execfree();	/* free any memory malloced by child on vfork */
2463     if (did_pipes)
2464 	PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2465     if (p[that] < p[This]) {
2466 	PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2467 	PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2468 	p[This] = p[that];
2469     }
2470     else
2471 	PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2472 
2473     LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2474     sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
2475     UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2476     SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2477     SvIV_set(sv, pid);
2478     PL_forkprocess = pid;
2479     if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2480 	int errkid;
2481 	unsigned n = 0;
2482 	SSize_t n1;
2483 
2484 	while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2485 	    n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2486 			      (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2487 			      (sizeof(int)) - n);
2488 	    if (n1 <= 0)
2489 		break;
2490 	    n += n1;
2491 	}
2492 	PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2493 	did_pipes = 0;
2494 	if (n) {			/* Error */
2495 	    int pid2, status;
2496 	    PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2497 	    if (n != sizeof(int))
2498 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
2499 	    do {
2500 		pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2501 	    } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2502 	    errno = errkid;		/* Propagate errno from kid */
2503 	    return NULL;
2504 	}
2505     }
2506     if (did_pipes)
2507 	 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2508     return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
2509 }
2510 #else
2511 #if defined(atarist) || defined(EPOC)
2512 FILE *popen();
2513 PerlIO *
2514 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ const char *cmd, const char *mode)
2515 {
2516     PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2517     /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2518        used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2519        apparently not used
2520     */
2521     return PerlIO_importFILE(popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2522 }
2523 #else
2524 #if defined(DJGPP)
2525 FILE *djgpp_popen();
2526 PerlIO *
2527 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ const char *cmd, const char *mode)
2528 {
2529     PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2530     /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2531        used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2532        apparently not used
2533     */
2534     return PerlIO_importFILE(djgpp_popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2535 }
2536 #else
2537 #if defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2538 PerlIO *
2539 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ const char *cmd, const char *mode)
2540 {
2541     return NULL;
2542 }
2543 #endif
2544 #endif
2545 #endif
2546 
2547 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2548 
2549 /* this is called in parent before the fork() */
2550 void
2551 Perl_atfork_lock(void)
2552 {
2553    dVAR;
2554 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2555     /* locks must be held in locking order (if any) */
2556 #  ifdef MYMALLOC
2557     MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2558 #  endif
2559     OP_REFCNT_LOCK;
2560 #endif
2561 }
2562 
2563 /* this is called in both parent and child after the fork() */
2564 void
2565 Perl_atfork_unlock(void)
2566 {
2567     dVAR;
2568 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2569     /* locks must be released in same order as in atfork_lock() */
2570 #  ifdef MYMALLOC
2571     MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2572 #  endif
2573     OP_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
2574 #endif
2575 }
2576 
2577 Pid_t
2578 Perl_my_fork(void)
2579 {
2580 #if defined(HAS_FORK)
2581     Pid_t pid;
2582 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(HAS_PTHREAD_ATFORK)
2583     atfork_lock();
2584     pid = fork();
2585     atfork_unlock();
2586 #else
2587     /* atfork_lock() and atfork_unlock() are installed as pthread_atfork()
2588      * handlers elsewhere in the code */
2589     pid = fork();
2590 #endif
2591     return pid;
2592 #else
2593     /* this "canna happen" since nothing should be calling here if !HAS_FORK */
2594     Perl_croak_nocontext("fork() not available");
2595     return 0;
2596 #endif /* HAS_FORK */
2597 }
2598 
2599 #ifdef DUMP_FDS
2600 void
2601 Perl_dump_fds(pTHX_ char *s)
2602 {
2603     int fd;
2604     Stat_t tmpstatbuf;
2605 
2606     PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"%s", s);
2607     for (fd = 0; fd < 32; fd++) {
2608 	if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&tmpstatbuf) >= 0)
2609 	    PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log," %d",fd);
2610     }
2611     PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"\n");
2612     return;
2613 }
2614 #endif	/* DUMP_FDS */
2615 
2616 #ifndef HAS_DUP2
2617 int
2618 dup2(int oldfd, int newfd)
2619 {
2620 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_DUPFD)
2621     if (oldfd == newfd)
2622 	return oldfd;
2623     PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2624     return fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD, newfd);
2625 #else
2626 #define DUP2_MAX_FDS 256
2627     int fdtmp[DUP2_MAX_FDS];
2628     I32 fdx = 0;
2629     int fd;
2630 
2631     if (oldfd == newfd)
2632 	return oldfd;
2633     PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2634     /* good enough for low fd's... */
2635     while ((fd = PerlLIO_dup(oldfd)) != newfd && fd >= 0) {
2636 	if (fdx >= DUP2_MAX_FDS) {
2637 	    PerlLIO_close(fd);
2638 	    fd = -1;
2639 	    break;
2640 	}
2641 	fdtmp[fdx++] = fd;
2642     }
2643     while (fdx > 0)
2644 	PerlLIO_close(fdtmp[--fdx]);
2645     return fd;
2646 #endif
2647 }
2648 #endif
2649 
2650 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
2651 #ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
2652 
2653 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2654 /* We don't want restart behavior on MacOS */
2655 #undef SA_RESTART
2656 #endif
2657 
2658 Sighandler_t
2659 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2660 {
2661     dVAR;
2662     struct sigaction act, oact;
2663 
2664 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2665     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2666     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2667 	return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
2668 #endif
2669 
2670     act.sa_handler = (void(*)(int))handler;
2671     sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2672     act.sa_flags = 0;
2673 #ifdef SA_RESTART
2674     if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2675         act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;	/* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2676 #endif
2677 #if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
2678     if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN)
2679 	act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2680 #endif
2681     if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) == -1)
2682     	return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
2683     else
2684     	return (Sighandler_t) oact.sa_handler;
2685 }
2686 
2687 Sighandler_t
2688 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2689 {
2690     struct sigaction oact;
2691     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2692 
2693     if (sigaction(signo, (struct sigaction *)NULL, &oact) == -1)
2694 	return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
2695     else
2696 	return (Sighandler_t) oact.sa_handler;
2697 }
2698 
2699 int
2700 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2701 {
2702     dVAR;
2703     struct sigaction act;
2704 
2705 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2706     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2707     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2708 	return -1;
2709 #endif
2710 
2711     act.sa_handler = (void(*)(int))handler;
2712     sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2713     act.sa_flags = 0;
2714 #ifdef SA_RESTART
2715     if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2716         act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;	/* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2717 #endif
2718 #if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
2719     if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN)
2720 	act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2721 #endif
2722     return sigaction(signo, &act, save);
2723 }
2724 
2725 int
2726 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2727 {
2728     dVAR;
2729 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
2730     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2731     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2732 	return -1;
2733 #endif
2734 
2735     return sigaction(signo, save, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
2736 }
2737 
2738 #else /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2739 
2740 Sighandler_t
2741 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2742 {
2743 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2744     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2745     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2746 	return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
2747 #endif
2748 
2749     return PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2750 }
2751 
2752 static Signal_t
2753 sig_trap(int signo)
2754 {
2755     dVAR;
2756     PL_sig_trapped++;
2757 }
2758 
2759 Sighandler_t
2760 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2761 {
2762     dVAR;
2763     Sighandler_t oldsig;
2764 
2765 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2766     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2767     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2768 	return (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR;
2769 #endif
2770 
2771     PL_sig_trapped = 0;
2772     oldsig = PerlProc_signal(signo, sig_trap);
2773     PerlProc_signal(signo, oldsig);
2774     if (PL_sig_trapped)
2775 	PerlProc_kill(PerlProc_getpid(), signo);
2776     return oldsig;
2777 }
2778 
2779 int
2780 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2781 {
2782 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2783     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2784     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2785 	return -1;
2786 #endif
2787     *save = PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2788     return (*save == (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2789 }
2790 
2791 int
2792 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2793 {
2794 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2795     /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2796     if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2797 	return -1;
2798 #endif
2799     return (PerlProc_signal(signo, *save) == (Sighandler_t) SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2800 }
2801 
2802 #endif /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2803 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
2804 
2805     /* VMS' my_pclose() is in VMS.c; same with OS/2 */
2806 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2807 I32
2808 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2809 {
2810     dVAR;
2811     Sigsave_t hstat, istat, qstat;
2812     int status;
2813     SV **svp;
2814     Pid_t pid;
2815     Pid_t pid2;
2816     bool close_failed;
2817     int saved_errno = 0;
2818 #ifdef WIN32
2819     int saved_win32_errno;
2820 #endif
2821 
2822     LOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2823     svp = av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(ptr),TRUE);
2824     UNLOCK_FDPID_MUTEX;
2825     pid = (SvTYPE(*svp) == SVt_IV) ? SvIVX(*svp) : -1;
2826     SvREFCNT_dec(*svp);
2827     *svp = &PL_sv_undef;
2828 #ifdef OS2
2829     if (pid == -1) {			/* Opened by popen. */
2830 	return my_syspclose(ptr);
2831     }
2832 #endif
2833     if ((close_failed = (PerlIO_close(ptr) == EOF))) {
2834 	saved_errno = errno;
2835 #ifdef WIN32
2836 	saved_win32_errno = GetLastError();
2837 #endif
2838     }
2839 #ifdef UTS
2840     if(PerlProc_kill(pid, 0) < 0) { return(pid); }   /* HOM 12/23/91 */
2841 #endif
2842 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
2843     rsignal_save(SIGHUP,  (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &hstat);
2844     rsignal_save(SIGINT,  (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &istat);
2845     rsignal_save(SIGQUIT, (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN, &qstat);
2846 #endif
2847     do {
2848 	pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2849     } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2850 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
2851     rsignal_restore(SIGHUP, &hstat);
2852     rsignal_restore(SIGINT, &istat);
2853     rsignal_restore(SIGQUIT, &qstat);
2854 #endif
2855     if (close_failed) {
2856 	SETERRNO(saved_errno, 0);
2857 	return -1;
2858     }
2859     return(pid2 < 0 ? pid2 : status == 0 ? 0 : (errno = 0, status));
2860 }
2861 #else
2862 #if defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2863 I32
2864 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2865 {
2866     return -1;
2867 }
2868 #endif
2869 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2870 
2871 #if  (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
2872 I32
2873 Perl_wait4pid(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int *statusp, int flags)
2874 {
2875     dVAR;
2876     I32 result = 0;
2877     if (!pid)
2878 	return -1;
2879 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
2880     {
2881 	if (pid > 0) {
2882 	    /* The keys in PL_pidstatus are now the raw 4 (or 8) bytes of the
2883 	       pid, rather than a string form.  */
2884 	    SV * const * const svp = hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,(const char*) &pid,sizeof(Pid_t),FALSE);
2885 	    if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef) {
2886 		*statusp = SvIVX(*svp);
2887 		(void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,(const char*) &pid,sizeof(Pid_t),
2888 				G_DISCARD);
2889 		return pid;
2890 	    }
2891 	}
2892 	else {
2893 	    HE *entry;
2894 
2895 	    hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
2896 	    if ((entry = hv_iternext(PL_pidstatus))) {
2897 		SV * const sv = hv_iterval(PL_pidstatus,entry);
2898 		I32 len;
2899 		const char * const spid = hv_iterkey(entry,&len);
2900 
2901 		assert (len == sizeof(Pid_t));
2902 		memcpy((char *)&pid, spid, len);
2903 		*statusp = SvIVX(sv);
2904 		/* The hash iterator is currently on this entry, so simply
2905 		   calling hv_delete would trigger the lazy delete, which on
2906 		   aggregate does more work, beacuse next call to hv_iterinit()
2907 		   would spot the flag, and have to call the delete routine,
2908 		   while in the meantime any new entries can't re-use that
2909 		   memory.  */
2910 		hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
2911 		(void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,len,G_DISCARD);
2912 		return pid;
2913 	    }
2914 	}
2915     }
2916 #endif
2917 #ifdef HAS_WAITPID
2918 #  ifdef HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME
2919     if (!HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2920 	goto hard_way;
2921 #  endif
2922     result = PerlProc_waitpid(pid,statusp,flags);
2923     goto finish;
2924 #endif
2925 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAIT4)
2926     result = wait4((pid==-1)?0:pid,statusp,flags,NULL);
2927     goto finish;
2928 #endif
2929 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
2930 #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2931   hard_way:
2932 #endif
2933     {
2934 	if (flags)
2935 	    Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do waitpid with flags");
2936 	else {
2937 	    while ((result = PerlProc_wait(statusp)) != pid && pid > 0 && result >= 0)
2938 		pidgone(result,*statusp);
2939 	    if (result < 0)
2940 		*statusp = -1;
2941 	}
2942     }
2943 #endif
2944 #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) || defined(HAS_WAIT4)
2945   finish:
2946 #endif
2947     if (result < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
2948 	PERL_ASYNC_CHECK();
2949     }
2950     return result;
2951 }
2952 #endif /* !DOSISH || OS2 || WIN32 || NETWARE */
2953 
2954 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
2955 void
2956 Perl_pidgone(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int status)
2957 {
2958     register SV *sv;
2959 
2960     sv = *hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,(const char*)&pid,sizeof(Pid_t),TRUE);
2961     SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2962     SvIV_set(sv, status);
2963     return;
2964 }
2965 #endif
2966 
2967 #if defined(atarist) || defined(OS2) || defined(EPOC)
2968 int pclose();
2969 #ifdef HAS_FORK
2970 int					/* Cannot prototype with I32
2971 					   in os2ish.h. */
2972 my_syspclose(PerlIO *ptr)
2973 #else
2974 I32
2975 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2976 #endif
2977 {
2978     /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2979     FILE * const f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2980     const I32 result = pclose(f);
2981     PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2982     return result;
2983 }
2984 #endif
2985 
2986 #if defined(DJGPP)
2987 int djgpp_pclose();
2988 I32
2989 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2990 {
2991     /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2992     FILE * const f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2993     I32 result = djgpp_pclose(f);
2994     result = (result << 8) & 0xff00;
2995     PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2996     return result;
2997 }
2998 #endif
2999 
3000 void
3001 Perl_repeatcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *from, I32 len, register I32 count)
3002 {
3003     register I32 todo;
3004     register const char * const frombase = from;
3005     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3006 
3007     if (len == 1) {
3008 	register const char c = *from;
3009 	while (count-- > 0)
3010 	    *to++ = c;
3011 	return;
3012     }
3013     while (count-- > 0) {
3014 	for (todo = len; todo > 0; todo--) {
3015 	    *to++ = *from++;
3016 	}
3017 	from = frombase;
3018     }
3019 }
3020 
3021 #ifndef HAS_RENAME
3022 I32
3023 Perl_same_dirent(pTHX_ const char *a, const char *b)
3024 {
3025     char *fa = strrchr(a,'/');
3026     char *fb = strrchr(b,'/');
3027     Stat_t tmpstatbuf1;
3028     Stat_t tmpstatbuf2;
3029     SV * const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
3030 
3031     if (fa)
3032 	fa++;
3033     else
3034 	fa = a;
3035     if (fb)
3036 	fb++;
3037     else
3038 	fb = b;
3039     if (strNE(a,b))
3040 	return FALSE;
3041     if (fa == a)
3042 	sv_setpvn(tmpsv, ".", 1);
3043     else
3044 	sv_setpvn(tmpsv, a, fa - a);
3045     if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf1) < 0)
3046 	return FALSE;
3047     if (fb == b)
3048 	sv_setpvn(tmpsv, ".", 1);
3049     else
3050 	sv_setpvn(tmpsv, b, fb - b);
3051     if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf2) < 0)
3052 	return FALSE;
3053     return tmpstatbuf1.st_dev == tmpstatbuf2.st_dev &&
3054 	   tmpstatbuf1.st_ino == tmpstatbuf2.st_ino;
3055 }
3056 #endif /* !HAS_RENAME */
3057 
3058 char*
3059 Perl_find_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch,
3060 		 const char *const *const search_ext, I32 flags)
3061 {
3062     dVAR;
3063     const char *xfound = NULL;
3064     char *xfailed = NULL;
3065     char tmpbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
3066     register char *s;
3067     I32 len = 0;
3068     int retval;
3069     char *bufend;
3070 #if defined(DOSISH) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(atarist)
3071 #  define SEARCH_EXTS ".bat", ".cmd", NULL
3072 #  define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
3073 #endif
3074 #ifdef OS2
3075 #  define SEARCH_EXTS ".cmd", ".btm", ".bat", ".pl", NULL
3076 #  define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
3077 #endif
3078 #ifdef VMS
3079 #  define SEARCH_EXTS ".pl", ".com", NULL
3080 #  define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
3081 #endif
3082     /* additional extensions to try in each dir if scriptname not found */
3083 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3084     static const char *const exts[] = { SEARCH_EXTS };
3085     const char *const *const ext = search_ext ? search_ext : exts;
3086     int extidx = 0, i = 0;
3087     const char *curext = NULL;
3088 #else
3089     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(search_ext);
3090 #  define MAX_EXT_LEN 0
3091 #endif
3092 
3093     /*
3094      * If dosearch is true and if scriptname does not contain path
3095      * delimiters, search the PATH for scriptname.
3096      *
3097      * If SEARCH_EXTS is also defined, will look for each
3098      * scriptname{SEARCH_EXTS} whenever scriptname is not found
3099      * while searching the PATH.
3100      *
3101      * Assuming SEARCH_EXTS is C<".foo",".bar",NULL>, PATH search
3102      * proceeds as follows:
3103      *   If DOSISH or VMSISH:
3104      *     + look for ./scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
3105      *     + search the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
3106      *
3107      *   If !DOSISH:
3108      *     + look *only* in the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar} (note
3109      *       this will not look in '.' if it's not in the PATH)
3110      */
3111     tmpbuf[0] = '\0';
3112 
3113 #ifdef VMS
3114 #  ifdef ALWAYS_DEFTYPES
3115     len = strlen(scriptname);
3116     if (!(len == 1 && *scriptname == '-') && scriptname[len-1] != ':') {
3117 	int idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
3118 	bool seen_dot = 1;
3119 
3120 	const int hasdir = !dosearch || (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != NULL);
3121 #  else
3122     if (dosearch) {
3123 	int idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
3124 	bool seen_dot = 1;
3125 
3126 	const int hasdir = (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != NULL);
3127 #  endif
3128 	/* The first time through, just add SEARCH_EXTS to whatever we
3129 	 * already have, so we can check for default file types. */
3130 	while (deftypes ||
3131 	       (!hasdir && my_trnlnm("DCL$PATH",tmpbuf,idx++)) )
3132 	{
3133 	    if (deftypes) {
3134 		deftypes = 0;
3135 		*tmpbuf = '\0';
3136 	    }
3137 	    if ((strlen(tmpbuf) + strlen(scriptname)
3138 		 + MAX_EXT_LEN) >= sizeof tmpbuf)
3139 		continue;	/* don't search dir with too-long name */
3140 	    my_strlcat(tmpbuf, scriptname, sizeof(tmpbuf));
3141 #else  /* !VMS */
3142 
3143 #ifdef DOSISH
3144     if (strEQ(scriptname, "-"))
3145  	dosearch = 0;
3146     if (dosearch) {		/* Look in '.' first. */
3147 	const char *cur = scriptname;
3148 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3149 	if ((curext = strrchr(scriptname,'.')))	/* possible current ext */
3150 	    while (ext[i])
3151 		if (strEQ(ext[i++],curext)) {
3152 		    extidx = -1;		/* already has an ext */
3153 		    break;
3154 		}
3155 	do {
3156 #endif
3157 	    DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3158 				  "Looking for %s\n",cur));
3159 	    if (PerlLIO_stat(cur,&PL_statbuf) >= 0
3160 		&& !S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3161 		dosearch = 0;
3162 		scriptname = cur;
3163 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3164 		break;
3165 #endif
3166 	    }
3167 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3168 	    if (cur == scriptname) {
3169 		len = strlen(scriptname);
3170 		if (len+MAX_EXT_LEN+1 >= sizeof(tmpbuf))
3171 		    break;
3172 		my_strlcpy(tmpbuf, scriptname, sizeof(tmpbuf));
3173 		cur = tmpbuf;
3174 	    }
3175 	} while (extidx >= 0 && ext[extidx]	/* try an extension? */
3176 		 && my_strlcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++], sizeof(tmpbuf) - len));
3177 #endif
3178     }
3179 #endif
3180 
3181 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3182     if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, ':') &&
3183 	(s = PerlEnv_getenv("Commands")))
3184 #else
3185     if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, '/')
3186 #ifdef DOSISH
3187 		 && !strchr(scriptname, '\\')
3188 #endif
3189 		 && (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PATH")))
3190 #endif
3191     {
3192 	bool seen_dot = 0;
3193 
3194 	bufend = s + strlen(s);
3195 	while (s < bufend) {
3196 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3197 	    s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, bufend,
3198 			',',
3199 			&len);
3200 #else
3201 #if defined(atarist) || defined(DOSISH)
3202 	    for (len = 0; *s
3203 #  ifdef atarist
3204 		    && *s != ','
3205 #  endif
3206 		    && *s != ';'; len++, s++) {
3207 		if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
3208 		    tmpbuf[len] = *s;
3209 	    }
3210 	    if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
3211 		tmpbuf[len] = '\0';
3212 #else  /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
3213 	    s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, bufend,
3214 			':',
3215 			&len);
3216 #endif /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
3217 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
3218 	    if (s < bufend)
3219 		s++;
3220 	    if (len + 1 + strlen(scriptname) + MAX_EXT_LEN >= sizeof tmpbuf)
3221 		continue;	/* don't search dir with too-long name */
3222 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3223 	    if (len && tmpbuf[len - 1] != ':')
3224 	    	tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
3225 #else
3226 	    if (len
3227 #  if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__) || defined(DOSISH)
3228 		&& tmpbuf[len - 1] != '/'
3229 		&& tmpbuf[len - 1] != '\\'
3230 #  endif
3231 	       )
3232 		tmpbuf[len++] = '/';
3233 	    if (len == 2 && tmpbuf[0] == '.')
3234 		seen_dot = 1;
3235 #endif
3236 	    (void)my_strlcpy(tmpbuf + len, scriptname, sizeof(tmpbuf) - len);
3237 #endif  /* !VMS */
3238 
3239 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3240 	    len = strlen(tmpbuf);
3241 	    if (extidx > 0)	/* reset after previous loop */
3242 		extidx = 0;
3243 	    do {
3244 #endif
3245 	    	DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking for %s\n",tmpbuf));
3246 		retval = PerlLIO_stat(tmpbuf,&PL_statbuf);
3247 		if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3248 		    retval = -1;
3249 		}
3250 #ifdef SEARCH_EXTS
3251 	    } while (  retval < 0		/* not there */
3252 		    && extidx>=0 && ext[extidx]	/* try an extension? */
3253 		    && my_strlcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++], sizeof(tmpbuf) - len)
3254 		);
3255 #endif
3256 	    if (retval < 0)
3257 		continue;
3258 	    if (S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)
3259 		&& cando(S_IRUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
3260 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
3261 		&& cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
3262 #endif
3263 		)
3264 	    {
3265 		xfound = tmpbuf;		/* bingo! */
3266 		break;
3267 	    }
3268 	    if (!xfailed)
3269 		xfailed = savepv(tmpbuf);
3270 	}
3271 #ifndef DOSISH
3272 	if (!xfound && !seen_dot && !xfailed &&
3273 	    (PerlLIO_stat(scriptname,&PL_statbuf) < 0
3274 	     || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)))
3275 #endif
3276 	    seen_dot = 1;			/* Disable message. */
3277 	if (!xfound) {
3278 	    if (flags & 1) {			/* do or die? */
3279 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't %s %s%s%s",
3280 		      (xfailed ? "execute" : "find"),
3281 		      (xfailed ? xfailed : scriptname),
3282 		      (xfailed ? "" : " on PATH"),
3283 		      (xfailed || seen_dot) ? "" : ", '.' not in PATH");
3284 	    }
3285 	    scriptname = NULL;
3286 	}
3287 	Safefree(xfailed);
3288 	scriptname = xfound;
3289     }
3290     return (scriptname ? savepv(scriptname) : NULL);
3291 }
3292 
3293 #ifndef PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED
3294 
3295 void *
3296 Perl_get_context(void)
3297 {
3298     dVAR;
3299 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
3300 #  ifdef OLD_PTHREADS_API
3301     pthread_addr_t t;
3302     if (pthread_getspecific(PL_thr_key, &t))
3303 	Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_getspecific");
3304     return (void*)t;
3305 #  else
3306 #    ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
3307     return (void*)cthread_data(cthread_self());
3308 #    else
3309     return (void*)PTHREAD_GETSPECIFIC(PL_thr_key);
3310 #    endif
3311 #  endif
3312 #else
3313     return (void*)NULL;
3314 #endif
3315 }
3316 
3317 void
3318 Perl_set_context(void *t)
3319 {
3320     dVAR;
3321 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
3322 #  ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
3323     cthread_set_data(cthread_self(), t);
3324 #  else
3325     if (pthread_setspecific(PL_thr_key, t))
3326 	Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_setspecific");
3327 #  endif
3328 #else
3329     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(t);
3330 #endif
3331 }
3332 
3333 #endif /* !PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED */
3334 
3335 #if defined(PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT) && !defined(PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE)
3336 struct perl_vars *
3337 Perl_GetVars(pTHX)
3338 {
3339  return &PL_Vars;
3340 }
3341 #endif
3342 
3343 char **
3344 Perl_get_op_names(pTHX)
3345 {
3346     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3347     return (char **)PL_op_name;
3348 }
3349 
3350 char **
3351 Perl_get_op_descs(pTHX)
3352 {
3353     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3354     return (char **)PL_op_desc;
3355 }
3356 
3357 const char *
3358 Perl_get_no_modify(pTHX)
3359 {
3360     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3361     return PL_no_modify;
3362 }
3363 
3364 U32 *
3365 Perl_get_opargs(pTHX)
3366 {
3367     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3368     return (U32 *)PL_opargs;
3369 }
3370 
3371 PPADDR_t*
3372 Perl_get_ppaddr(pTHX)
3373 {
3374     dVAR;
3375     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3376     return (PPADDR_t*)PL_ppaddr;
3377 }
3378 
3379 #ifndef HAS_GETENV_LEN
3380 char *
3381 Perl_getenv_len(pTHX_ const char *env_elem, unsigned long *len)
3382 {
3383     char * const env_trans = PerlEnv_getenv(env_elem);
3384     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3385     if (env_trans)
3386 	*len = strlen(env_trans);
3387     return env_trans;
3388 }
3389 #endif
3390 
3391 
3392 MGVTBL*
3393 Perl_get_vtbl(pTHX_ int vtbl_id)
3394 {
3395     const MGVTBL* result;
3396     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3397 
3398     switch(vtbl_id) {
3399     case want_vtbl_sv:
3400 	result = &PL_vtbl_sv;
3401 	break;
3402     case want_vtbl_env:
3403 	result = &PL_vtbl_env;
3404 	break;
3405     case want_vtbl_envelem:
3406 	result = &PL_vtbl_envelem;
3407 	break;
3408     case want_vtbl_sig:
3409 	result = &PL_vtbl_sig;
3410 	break;
3411     case want_vtbl_sigelem:
3412 	result = &PL_vtbl_sigelem;
3413 	break;
3414     case want_vtbl_pack:
3415 	result = &PL_vtbl_pack;
3416 	break;
3417     case want_vtbl_packelem:
3418 	result = &PL_vtbl_packelem;
3419 	break;
3420     case want_vtbl_dbline:
3421 	result = &PL_vtbl_dbline;
3422 	break;
3423     case want_vtbl_isa:
3424 	result = &PL_vtbl_isa;
3425 	break;
3426     case want_vtbl_isaelem:
3427 	result = &PL_vtbl_isaelem;
3428 	break;
3429     case want_vtbl_arylen:
3430 	result = &PL_vtbl_arylen;
3431 	break;
3432     case want_vtbl_mglob:
3433 	result = &PL_vtbl_mglob;
3434 	break;
3435     case want_vtbl_nkeys:
3436 	result = &PL_vtbl_nkeys;
3437 	break;
3438     case want_vtbl_taint:
3439 	result = &PL_vtbl_taint;
3440 	break;
3441     case want_vtbl_substr:
3442 	result = &PL_vtbl_substr;
3443 	break;
3444     case want_vtbl_vec:
3445 	result = &PL_vtbl_vec;
3446 	break;
3447     case want_vtbl_pos:
3448 	result = &PL_vtbl_pos;
3449 	break;
3450     case want_vtbl_bm:
3451 	result = &PL_vtbl_bm;
3452 	break;
3453     case want_vtbl_fm:
3454 	result = &PL_vtbl_fm;
3455 	break;
3456     case want_vtbl_uvar:
3457 	result = &PL_vtbl_uvar;
3458 	break;
3459     case want_vtbl_defelem:
3460 	result = &PL_vtbl_defelem;
3461 	break;
3462     case want_vtbl_regexp:
3463 	result = &PL_vtbl_regexp;
3464 	break;
3465     case want_vtbl_regdata:
3466 	result = &PL_vtbl_regdata;
3467 	break;
3468     case want_vtbl_regdatum:
3469 	result = &PL_vtbl_regdatum;
3470 	break;
3471 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
3472     case want_vtbl_collxfrm:
3473 	result = &PL_vtbl_collxfrm;
3474 	break;
3475 #endif
3476     case want_vtbl_amagic:
3477 	result = &PL_vtbl_amagic;
3478 	break;
3479     case want_vtbl_amagicelem:
3480 	result = &PL_vtbl_amagicelem;
3481 	break;
3482     case want_vtbl_backref:
3483 	result = &PL_vtbl_backref;
3484 	break;
3485     case want_vtbl_utf8:
3486 	result = &PL_vtbl_utf8;
3487 	break;
3488     default:
3489 	result = NULL;
3490 	break;
3491     }
3492     return (MGVTBL*)result;
3493 }
3494 
3495 I32
3496 Perl_my_fflush_all(pTHX)
3497 {
3498 #if defined(USE_PERLIO) || defined(FFLUSH_NULL) || defined(USE_SFIO)
3499     return PerlIO_flush(NULL);
3500 #else
3501 # if defined(HAS__FWALK)
3502     extern int fflush(FILE *);
3503     /* undocumented, unprototyped, but very useful BSDism */
3504     extern void _fwalk(int (*)(FILE *));
3505     _fwalk(&fflush);
3506     return 0;
3507 # else
3508 #  if defined(FFLUSH_ALL) && defined(HAS_STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY)
3509     long open_max = -1;
3510 #   ifdef PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX
3511     open_max = PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX;
3512 #   else
3513 #    if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_OPEN_MAX)
3514     open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
3515 #     else
3516 #      ifdef FOPEN_MAX
3517     open_max = FOPEN_MAX;
3518 #      else
3519 #       ifdef OPEN_MAX
3520     open_max = OPEN_MAX;
3521 #       else
3522 #        ifdef _NFILE
3523     open_max = _NFILE;
3524 #        endif
3525 #       endif
3526 #      endif
3527 #     endif
3528 #    endif
3529     if (open_max > 0) {
3530       long i;
3531       for (i = 0; i < open_max; i++)
3532 	    if (STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file >= 0 &&
3533 		STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file < open_max &&
3534 		STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._flag)
3535 		PerlIO_flush(&STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]);
3536       return 0;
3537     }
3538 #  endif
3539     SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
3540     return EOF;
3541 # endif
3542 #endif
3543 }
3544 
3545 void
3546 Perl_report_evil_fh(pTHX_ const GV *gv, const IO *io, I32 op)
3547 {
3548     const char * const name = gv && isGV(gv) ? GvENAME(gv) : NULL;
3549 
3550     if (op == OP_phoney_OUTPUT_ONLY || op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) {
3551 	if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
3552 	    const char * const direction =
3553 		(const char *)((op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) ? "in" : "out");
3554 	    if (name && *name)
3555 		Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3556 			    "Filehandle %s opened only for %sput",
3557 			    name, direction);
3558 	    else
3559 		Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3560 			    "Filehandle opened only for %sput", direction);
3561 	}
3562     }
3563     else {
3564         const char *vile;
3565 	I32   warn_type;
3566 
3567 	if (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_CLOSED) {
3568 	    vile = "closed";
3569 	    warn_type = WARN_CLOSED;
3570 	}
3571 	else {
3572 	    vile = "unopened";
3573 	    warn_type = WARN_UNOPENED;
3574 	}
3575 
3576 	if (ckWARN(warn_type)) {
3577 	    const char * const pars =
3578 		(const char *)(OP_IS_FILETEST(op) ? "" : "()");
3579 	    const char * const func =
3580 		(const char *)
3581 		(op == OP_READLINE   ? "readline"  :	/* "<HANDLE>" not nice */
3582 		 op == OP_LEAVEWRITE ? "write" :		/* "write exit" not nice */
3583 		 op < 0              ? "" :              /* handle phoney cases */
3584 		 PL_op_desc[op]);
3585 	    const char * const type =
3586 		(const char *)
3587 		(OP_IS_SOCKET(op) ||
3588 		 (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET) ?
3589 		 "socket" : "filehandle");
3590 	    if (name && *name) {
3591 		Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3592 			    "%s%s on %s %s %s", func, pars, vile, type, name);
3593 		if (io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3594 		    Perl_warner(
3595 			aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3596 			"\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle %s?)\n",
3597 			func, pars, name
3598 		    );
3599 	    }
3600 	    else {
3601 		Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3602 			    "%s%s on %s %s", func, pars, vile, type);
3603 		if (gv && io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3604 		    Perl_warner(
3605 			aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3606 			"\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle?)\n",
3607 			func, pars
3608 		    );
3609 	    }
3610 	}
3611     }
3612 }
3613 
3614 #ifdef EBCDIC
3615 /* in ASCII order, not that it matters */
3616 static const char controllablechars[] = "?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_";
3617 
3618 int
3619 Perl_ebcdic_control(pTHX_ int ch)
3620 {
3621     if (ch > 'a') {
3622 	const char *ctlp;
3623 
3624 	if (islower(ch))
3625 	    ch = toupper(ch);
3626 
3627 	if ((ctlp = strchr(controllablechars, ch)) == 0) {
3628 	    Perl_die(aTHX_ "unrecognised control character '%c'\n", ch);
3629 	}
3630 
3631 	if (ctlp == controllablechars)
3632 	    return('\177'); /* DEL */
3633 	else
3634 	    return((unsigned char)(ctlp - controllablechars - 1));
3635     } else { /* Want uncontrol */
3636 	if (ch == '\177' || ch == -1)
3637 	    return('?');
3638 	else if (ch == '\157')
3639 	    return('\177');
3640 	else if (ch == '\174')
3641 	    return('\000');
3642 	else if (ch == '^')    /* '\137' in 1047, '\260' in 819 */
3643 	    return('\036');
3644 	else if (ch == '\155')
3645 	    return('\037');
3646 	else if (0 < ch && ch < (sizeof(controllablechars) - 1))
3647 	    return(controllablechars[ch+1]);
3648 	else
3649 	    Perl_die(aTHX_ "invalid control request: '\\%03o'\n", ch & 0xFF);
3650     }
3651 }
3652 #endif
3653 
3654 /* To workaround core dumps from the uninitialised tm_zone we get the
3655  * system to give us a reasonable struct to copy.  This fix means that
3656  * strftime uses the tm_zone and tm_gmtoff values returned by
3657  * localtime(time()). That should give the desired result most of the
3658  * time. But probably not always!
3659  *
3660  * This does not address tzname aspects of NETaa14816.
3661  *
3662  */
3663 
3664 #ifdef HAS_GNULIBC
3665 # ifndef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3666 #    define STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3667 # endif
3668 #endif
3669 
3670 #ifdef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE /* Backward compat */
3671 # ifndef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3672 #    define HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3673 # endif
3674 #endif
3675 
3676 void
3677 Perl_init_tm(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm)	/* see mktime, strftime and asctime */
3678 {
3679 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3680     Time_t now;
3681     const struct tm* my_tm;
3682     (void)time(&now);
3683     my_tm = localtime(&now);
3684     if (my_tm)
3685         Copy(my_tm, ptm, 1, struct tm);
3686 #else
3687     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(ptm);
3688 #endif
3689 }
3690 
3691 /*
3692  * mini_mktime - normalise struct tm values without the localtime()
3693  * semantics (and overhead) of mktime().
3694  */
3695 void
3696 Perl_mini_mktime(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm)
3697 {
3698     int yearday;
3699     int secs;
3700     int month, mday, year, jday;
3701     int odd_cent, odd_year;
3702     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3703 
3704 #define	DAYS_PER_YEAR	365
3705 #define	DAYS_PER_QYEAR	(4*DAYS_PER_YEAR+1)
3706 #define	DAYS_PER_CENT	(25*DAYS_PER_QYEAR-1)
3707 #define	DAYS_PER_QCENT	(4*DAYS_PER_CENT+1)
3708 #define	SECS_PER_HOUR	(60*60)
3709 #define	SECS_PER_DAY	(24*SECS_PER_HOUR)
3710 /* parentheses deliberately absent on these two, otherwise they don't work */
3711 #define	MONTH_TO_DAYS	153/5
3712 #define	DAYS_TO_MONTH	5/153
3713 /* offset to bias by March (month 4) 1st between month/mday & year finding */
3714 #define	YEAR_ADJUST	(4*MONTH_TO_DAYS+1)
3715 /* as used here, the algorithm leaves Sunday as day 1 unless we adjust it */
3716 #define	WEEKDAY_BIAS	6	/* (1+6)%7 makes Sunday 0 again */
3717 
3718 /*
3719  * Year/day algorithm notes:
3720  *
3721  * With a suitable offset for numeric value of the month, one can find
3722  * an offset into the year by considering months to have 30.6 (153/5) days,
3723  * using integer arithmetic (i.e., with truncation).  To avoid too much
3724  * messing about with leap days, we consider January and February to be
3725  * the 13th and 14th month of the previous year.  After that transformation,
3726  * we need the month index we use to be high by 1 from 'normal human' usage,
3727  * so the month index values we use run from 4 through 15.
3728  *
3729  * Given that, and the rules for the Gregorian calendar (leap years are those
3730  * divisible by 4 unless also divisible by 100, when they must be divisible
3731  * by 400 instead), we can simply calculate the number of days since some
3732  * arbitrary 'beginning of time' by futzing with the (adjusted) year number,
3733  * the days we derive from our month index, and adding in the day of the
3734  * month.  The value used here is not adjusted for the actual origin which
3735  * it normally would use (1 January A.D. 1), since we're not exposing it.
3736  * We're only building the value so we can turn around and get the
3737  * normalised values for the year, month, day-of-month, and day-of-year.
3738  *
3739  * For going backward, we need to bias the value we're using so that we find
3740  * the right year value.  (Basically, we don't want the contribution of
3741  * March 1st to the number to apply while deriving the year).  Having done
3742  * that, we 'count up' the contribution to the year number by accounting for
3743  * full quadracenturies (400-year periods) with their extra leap days, plus
3744  * the contribution from full centuries (to avoid counting in the lost leap
3745  * days), plus the contribution from full quad-years (to count in the normal
3746  * leap days), plus the leftover contribution from any non-leap years.
3747  * At this point, if we were working with an actual leap day, we'll have 0
3748  * days left over.  This is also true for March 1st, however.  So, we have
3749  * to special-case that result, and (earlier) keep track of the 'odd'
3750  * century and year contributions.  If we got 4 extra centuries in a qcent,
3751  * or 4 extra years in a qyear, then it's a leap day and we call it 29 Feb.
3752  * Otherwise, we add back in the earlier bias we removed (the 123 from
3753  * figuring in March 1st), find the month index (integer division by 30.6),
3754  * and the remainder is the day-of-month.  We then have to convert back to
3755  * 'real' months (including fixing January and February from being 14/15 in
3756  * the previous year to being in the proper year).  After that, to get
3757  * tm_yday, we work with the normalised year and get a new yearday value for
3758  * January 1st, which we subtract from the yearday value we had earlier,
3759  * representing the date we've re-built.  This is done from January 1
3760  * because tm_yday is 0-origin.
3761  *
3762  * Since POSIX time routines are only guaranteed to work for times since the
3763  * UNIX epoch (00:00:00 1 Jan 1970 UTC), the fact that this algorithm
3764  * applies Gregorian calendar rules even to dates before the 16th century
3765  * doesn't bother me.  Besides, you'd need cultural context for a given
3766  * date to know whether it was Julian or Gregorian calendar, and that's
3767  * outside the scope for this routine.  Since we convert back based on the
3768  * same rules we used to build the yearday, you'll only get strange results
3769  * for input which needed normalising, or for the 'odd' century years which
3770  * were leap years in the Julian calander but not in the Gregorian one.
3771  * I can live with that.
3772  *
3773  * This algorithm also fails to handle years before A.D. 1 gracefully, but
3774  * that's still outside the scope for POSIX time manipulation, so I don't
3775  * care.
3776  */
3777 
3778     year = 1900 + ptm->tm_year;
3779     month = ptm->tm_mon;
3780     mday = ptm->tm_mday;
3781     /* allow given yday with no month & mday to dominate the result */
3782     if (ptm->tm_yday >= 0 && mday <= 0 && month <= 0) {
3783 	month = 0;
3784 	mday = 0;
3785 	jday = 1 + ptm->tm_yday;
3786     }
3787     else {
3788 	jday = 0;
3789     }
3790     if (month >= 2)
3791 	month+=2;
3792     else
3793 	month+=14, year--;
3794     yearday = DAYS_PER_YEAR * year + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3795     yearday += month*MONTH_TO_DAYS + mday + jday;
3796     /*
3797      * Note that we don't know when leap-seconds were or will be,
3798      * so we have to trust the user if we get something which looks
3799      * like a sensible leap-second.  Wild values for seconds will
3800      * be rationalised, however.
3801      */
3802     if ((unsigned) ptm->tm_sec <= 60) {
3803 	secs = 0;
3804     }
3805     else {
3806 	secs = ptm->tm_sec;
3807 	ptm->tm_sec = 0;
3808     }
3809     secs += 60 * ptm->tm_min;
3810     secs += SECS_PER_HOUR * ptm->tm_hour;
3811     if (secs < 0) {
3812 	if (secs-(secs/SECS_PER_DAY*SECS_PER_DAY) < 0) {
3813 	    /* got negative remainder, but need positive time */
3814 	    /* back off an extra day to compensate */
3815 	    yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY)-1;
3816 	    secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY - 1);
3817 	}
3818 	else {
3819 	    yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3820 	    secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3821 	}
3822     }
3823     else if (secs >= SECS_PER_DAY) {
3824 	yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3825 	secs %= SECS_PER_DAY;
3826     }
3827     ptm->tm_hour = secs/SECS_PER_HOUR;
3828     secs %= SECS_PER_HOUR;
3829     ptm->tm_min = secs/60;
3830     secs %= 60;
3831     ptm->tm_sec += secs;
3832     /* done with time of day effects */
3833     /*
3834      * The algorithm for yearday has (so far) left it high by 428.
3835      * To avoid mistaking a legitimate Feb 29 as Mar 1, we need to
3836      * bias it by 123 while trying to figure out what year it
3837      * really represents.  Even with this tweak, the reverse
3838      * translation fails for years before A.D. 0001.
3839      * It would still fail for Feb 29, but we catch that one below.
3840      */
3841     jday = yearday;	/* save for later fixup vis-a-vis Jan 1 */
3842     yearday -= YEAR_ADJUST;
3843     year = (yearday / DAYS_PER_QCENT) * 400;
3844     yearday %= DAYS_PER_QCENT;
3845     odd_cent = yearday / DAYS_PER_CENT;
3846     year += odd_cent * 100;
3847     yearday %= DAYS_PER_CENT;
3848     year += (yearday / DAYS_PER_QYEAR) * 4;
3849     yearday %= DAYS_PER_QYEAR;
3850     odd_year = yearday / DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3851     year += odd_year;
3852     yearday %= DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3853     if (!yearday && (odd_cent==4 || odd_year==4)) { /* catch Feb 29 */
3854 	month = 1;
3855 	yearday = 29;
3856     }
3857     else {
3858 	yearday += YEAR_ADJUST;	/* recover March 1st crock */
3859 	month = yearday*DAYS_TO_MONTH;
3860 	yearday -= month*MONTH_TO_DAYS;
3861 	/* recover other leap-year adjustment */
3862 	if (month > 13) {
3863 	    month-=14;
3864 	    year++;
3865 	}
3866 	else {
3867 	    month-=2;
3868 	}
3869     }
3870     ptm->tm_year = year - 1900;
3871     if (yearday) {
3872       ptm->tm_mday = yearday;
3873       ptm->tm_mon = month;
3874     }
3875     else {
3876       ptm->tm_mday = 31;
3877       ptm->tm_mon = month - 1;
3878     }
3879     /* re-build yearday based on Jan 1 to get tm_yday */
3880     year--;
3881     yearday = year*DAYS_PER_YEAR + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3882     yearday += 14*MONTH_TO_DAYS + 1;
3883     ptm->tm_yday = jday - yearday;
3884     /* fix tm_wday if not overridden by caller */
3885     if ((unsigned)ptm->tm_wday > 6)
3886 	ptm->tm_wday = (jday + WEEKDAY_BIAS) % 7;
3887 }
3888 
3889 char *
3890 Perl_my_strftime(pTHX_ const char *fmt, int sec, int min, int hour, int mday, int mon, int year, int wday, int yday, int isdst)
3891 {
3892 #ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
3893   char *buf;
3894   int buflen;
3895   struct tm mytm;
3896   int len;
3897 
3898   init_tm(&mytm);	/* XXX workaround - see init_tm() above */
3899   mytm.tm_sec = sec;
3900   mytm.tm_min = min;
3901   mytm.tm_hour = hour;
3902   mytm.tm_mday = mday;
3903   mytm.tm_mon = mon;
3904   mytm.tm_year = year;
3905   mytm.tm_wday = wday;
3906   mytm.tm_yday = yday;
3907   mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
3908   mini_mktime(&mytm);
3909   /* use libc to get the values for tm_gmtoff and tm_zone [perl #18238] */
3910 #if defined(HAS_MKTIME) && (defined(HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF) || defined(HAS_TM_TM_ZONE))
3911   STMT_START {
3912     struct tm mytm2;
3913     mytm2 = mytm;
3914     mktime(&mytm2);
3915 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF
3916     mytm.tm_gmtoff = mytm2.tm_gmtoff;
3917 #endif
3918 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3919     mytm.tm_zone = mytm2.tm_zone;
3920 #endif
3921   } STMT_END;
3922 #endif
3923   buflen = 64;
3924   Newx(buf, buflen, char);
3925   len = strftime(buf, buflen, fmt, &mytm);
3926   /*
3927   ** The following is needed to handle to the situation where
3928   ** tmpbuf overflows.  Basically we want to allocate a buffer
3929   ** and try repeatedly.  The reason why it is so complicated
3930   ** is that getting a return value of 0 from strftime can indicate
3931   ** one of the following:
3932   ** 1. buffer overflowed,
3933   ** 2. illegal conversion specifier, or
3934   ** 3. the format string specifies nothing to be returned(not
3935   **	  an error).  This could be because format is an empty string
3936   **    or it specifies %p that yields an empty string in some locale.
3937   ** If there is a better way to make it portable, go ahead by
3938   ** all means.
3939   */
3940   if ((len > 0 && len < buflen) || (len == 0 && *fmt == '\0'))
3941     return buf;
3942   else {
3943     /* Possibly buf overflowed - try again with a bigger buf */
3944     const int fmtlen = strlen(fmt);
3945     int bufsize = fmtlen + buflen;
3946 
3947     Newx(buf, bufsize, char);
3948     while (buf) {
3949       buflen = strftime(buf, bufsize, fmt, &mytm);
3950       if (buflen > 0 && buflen < bufsize)
3951 	break;
3952       /* heuristic to prevent out-of-memory errors */
3953       if (bufsize > 100*fmtlen) {
3954 	Safefree(buf);
3955 	buf = NULL;
3956 	break;
3957       }
3958       bufsize *= 2;
3959       Renew(buf, bufsize, char);
3960     }
3961     return buf;
3962   }
3963 #else
3964   Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no strftime");
3965   return NULL;
3966 #endif
3967 }
3968 
3969 
3970 #define SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF \
3971 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef); \
3972 return FALSE
3973 
3974 #define SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp) \
3975     (dp->d_name[0] == '.' && (dp->d_name[1] == '\0' || \
3976 	(dp->d_name[1] == '.' && dp->d_name[2] == '\0')))
3977 
3978 /*
3979 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
3980 
3981 =for apidoc getcwd_sv
3982 
3983 Fill the sv with current working directory
3984 
3985 =cut
3986 */
3987 
3988 /* Originally written in Perl by John Bazik; rewritten in C by Ben Sugars.
3989  * rewritten again by dougm, optimized for use with xs TARG, and to prefer
3990  * getcwd(3) if available
3991  * Comments from the orignal:
3992  *     This is a faster version of getcwd.  It's also more dangerous
3993  *     because you might chdir out of a directory that you can't chdir
3994  *     back into. */
3995 
3996 int
3997 Perl_getcwd_sv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3998 {
3999 #ifndef PERL_MICRO
4000     dVAR;
4001 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
4002     SvTAINTED_on(sv);
4003 #endif
4004 
4005 #ifdef HAS_GETCWD
4006     {
4007 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
4008 
4009 	/* Some getcwd()s automatically allocate a buffer of the given
4010 	 * size from the heap if they are given a NULL buffer pointer.
4011 	 * The problem is that this behaviour is not portable. */
4012 	if (getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1)) {
4013 	    sv_setpv(sv, buf);
4014 	    return TRUE;
4015 	}
4016 	else {
4017 	    sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
4018 	    return FALSE;
4019 	}
4020     }
4021 
4022 #else
4023 
4024     Stat_t statbuf;
4025     int orig_cdev, orig_cino, cdev, cino, odev, oino, tdev, tino;
4026     int pathlen=0;
4027     Direntry_t *dp;
4028 
4029     SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
4030 
4031     if (PerlLIO_lstat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
4032 	SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4033     }
4034 
4035     orig_cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
4036     orig_cino = statbuf.st_ino;
4037     cdev = orig_cdev;
4038     cino = orig_cino;
4039 
4040     for (;;) {
4041 	DIR *dir;
4042 	odev = cdev;
4043 	oino = cino;
4044 
4045 	if (PerlDir_chdir("..") < 0) {
4046 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4047 	}
4048 	if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
4049 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4050 	}
4051 
4052 	cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
4053 	cino = statbuf.st_ino;
4054 
4055 	if (odev == cdev && oino == cino) {
4056 	    break;
4057 	}
4058 	if (!(dir = PerlDir_open("."))) {
4059 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4060 	}
4061 
4062 	while ((dp = PerlDir_read(dir)) != NULL) {
4063 #ifdef DIRNAMLEN
4064 	    const int namelen = dp->d_namlen;
4065 #else
4066 	    const int namelen = strlen(dp->d_name);
4067 #endif
4068 	    /* skip . and .. */
4069 	    if (SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp)) {
4070 		continue;
4071 	    }
4072 
4073 	    if (PerlLIO_lstat(dp->d_name, &statbuf) < 0) {
4074 		SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4075 	    }
4076 
4077 	    tdev = statbuf.st_dev;
4078 	    tino = statbuf.st_ino;
4079 	    if (tino == oino && tdev == odev) {
4080 		break;
4081 	    }
4082 	}
4083 
4084 	if (!dp) {
4085 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4086 	}
4087 
4088 	if (pathlen + namelen + 1 >= MAXPATHLEN) {
4089 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4090 	}
4091 
4092 	SvGROW(sv, pathlen + namelen + 1);
4093 
4094 	if (pathlen) {
4095 	    /* shift down */
4096 	    Move(SvPVX_const(sv), SvPVX(sv) + namelen + 1, pathlen, char);
4097 	}
4098 
4099 	/* prepend current directory to the front */
4100 	*SvPVX(sv) = '/';
4101 	Move(dp->d_name, SvPVX(sv)+1, namelen, char);
4102 	pathlen += (namelen + 1);
4103 
4104 #ifdef VOID_CLOSEDIR
4105 	PerlDir_close(dir);
4106 #else
4107 	if (PerlDir_close(dir) < 0) {
4108 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4109 	}
4110 #endif
4111     }
4112 
4113     if (pathlen) {
4114 	SvCUR_set(sv, pathlen);
4115 	*SvEND(sv) = '\0';
4116 	SvPOK_only(sv);
4117 
4118 	if (PerlDir_chdir(SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
4119 	    SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4120 	}
4121     }
4122     if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
4123 	SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
4124     }
4125 
4126     cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
4127     cino = statbuf.st_ino;
4128 
4129     if (cdev != orig_cdev || cino != orig_cino) {
4130 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unstable directory path, "
4131 		   "current directory changed unexpectedly");
4132     }
4133 
4134     return TRUE;
4135 #endif
4136 
4137 #else
4138     return FALSE;
4139 #endif
4140 }
4141 
4142 #define VERSION_MAX 0x7FFFFFFF
4143 /*
4144 =for apidoc scan_version
4145 
4146 Returns a pointer to the next character after the parsed
4147 version string, as well as upgrading the passed in SV to
4148 an RV.
4149 
4150 Function must be called with an already existing SV like
4151 
4152     sv = newSV(0);
4153     s = scan_version(s, SV *sv, bool qv);
4154 
4155 Performs some preprocessing to the string to ensure that
4156 it has the correct characteristics of a version.  Flags the
4157 object if it contains an underscore (which denotes this
4158 is an alpha version).  The boolean qv denotes that the version
4159 should be interpreted as if it had multiple decimals, even if
4160 it doesn't.
4161 
4162 =cut
4163 */
4164 
4165 const char *
4166 Perl_scan_version(pTHX_ const char *s, SV *rv, bool qv)
4167 {
4168     const char *start;
4169     const char *pos;
4170     const char *last;
4171     int saw_period = 0;
4172     int alpha = 0;
4173     int width = 3;
4174     bool vinf = FALSE;
4175     AV * const av = newAV();
4176     SV * const hv = newSVrv(rv, "version"); /* create an SV and upgrade the RV */
4177     (void)sv_upgrade(hv, SVt_PVHV); /* needs to be an HV type */
4178 
4179 #ifndef NODEFAULT_SHAREKEYS
4180     HvSHAREKEYS_on(hv);         /* key-sharing on by default */
4181 #endif
4182 
4183     while (isSPACE(*s)) /* leading whitespace is OK */
4184 	s++;
4185 
4186     start = last = s;
4187 
4188     if (*s == 'v') {
4189 	s++;  /* get past 'v' */
4190 	qv = 1; /* force quoted version processing */
4191     }
4192 
4193     pos = s;
4194 
4195     /* pre-scan the input string to check for decimals/underbars */
4196     while ( *pos == '.' || *pos == '_' || isDIGIT(*pos) )
4197     {
4198 	if ( *pos == '.' )
4199 	{
4200 	    if ( alpha )
4201 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)");
4202 	    saw_period++ ;
4203 	    last = pos;
4204 	}
4205 	else if ( *pos == '_' )
4206 	{
4207 	    if ( alpha )
4208 		Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (multiple underscores)");
4209 	    alpha = 1;
4210 	    width = pos - last - 1; /* natural width of sub-version */
4211 	}
4212 	pos++;
4213     }
4214 
4215     if ( alpha && !saw_period )
4216 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (alpha without decimal)");
4217 
4218     if ( alpha && saw_period && width == 0 )
4219 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (misplaced _ in number)");
4220 
4221     if ( saw_period > 1 )
4222 	qv = 1; /* force quoted version processing */
4223 
4224     last = pos;
4225     pos = s;
4226 
4227     if ( qv )
4228 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "qv", newSViv(qv));
4229     if ( alpha )
4230 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "alpha", newSViv(alpha));
4231     if ( !qv && width < 3 )
4232 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "width", newSViv(width));
4233 
4234     while (isDIGIT(*pos))
4235 	pos++;
4236     if (!isALPHA(*pos)) {
4237 	I32 rev;
4238 
4239 	for (;;) {
4240 	    rev = 0;
4241 	    {
4242   		/* this is atoi() that delimits on underscores */
4243   		const char *end = pos;
4244   		I32 mult = 1;
4245 		I32 orev;
4246 
4247 		/* the following if() will only be true after the decimal
4248 		 * point of a version originally created with a bare
4249 		 * floating point number, i.e. not quoted in any way
4250 		 */
4251  		if ( !qv && s > start && saw_period == 1 ) {
4252 		    mult *= 100;
4253  		    while ( s < end ) {
4254 			orev = rev;
4255  			rev += (*s - '0') * mult;
4256  			mult /= 10;
4257 			if (   (PERL_ABS(orev) > PERL_ABS(rev))
4258 			    || (PERL_ABS(rev) > VERSION_MAX )) {
4259 			    if(ckWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW))
4260 				Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW),
4261 				"Integer overflow in version %d",VERSION_MAX);
4262 			    s = end - 1;
4263 			    rev = VERSION_MAX;
4264 			    vinf = 1;
4265 			}
4266  			s++;
4267 			if ( *s == '_' )
4268 			    s++;
4269  		    }
4270   		}
4271  		else {
4272  		    while (--end >= s) {
4273 			orev = rev;
4274  			rev += (*end - '0') * mult;
4275  			mult *= 10;
4276 			if (   (PERL_ABS(orev) > PERL_ABS(rev))
4277 			    || (PERL_ABS(rev) > VERSION_MAX )) {
4278 			    if(ckWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW))
4279 				Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW),
4280 				"Integer overflow in version");
4281 			    end = s - 1;
4282 			    rev = VERSION_MAX;
4283 			    vinf = 1;
4284 			}
4285  		    }
4286  		}
4287   	    }
4288 
4289   	    /* Append revision */
4290 	    av_push(av, newSViv(rev));
4291 	    if ( vinf ) {
4292 		s = last;
4293 		break;
4294 	    }
4295 	    else if ( *pos == '.' )
4296 		s = ++pos;
4297 	    else if ( *pos == '_' && isDIGIT(pos[1]) )
4298 		s = ++pos;
4299 	    else if ( isDIGIT(*pos) )
4300 		s = pos;
4301 	    else {
4302 		s = pos;
4303 		break;
4304 	    }
4305 	    if ( qv ) {
4306 		while ( isDIGIT(*pos) )
4307 		    pos++;
4308 	    }
4309 	    else {
4310 		int digits = 0;
4311 		while ( ( isDIGIT(*pos) || *pos == '_' ) && digits < 3 ) {
4312 		    if ( *pos != '_' )
4313 			digits++;
4314 		    pos++;
4315 		}
4316 	    }
4317 	}
4318     }
4319     if ( qv ) { /* quoted versions always get at least three terms*/
4320 	I32 len = av_len(av);
4321 	/* This for loop appears to trigger a compiler bug on OS X, as it
4322 	   loops infinitely. Yes, len is negative. No, it makes no sense.
4323 	   Compiler in question is:
4324 	   gcc version 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1640)
4325 	   for ( len = 2 - len; len > 0; len-- )
4326 	   av_push((AV *)sv, newSViv(0));
4327 	*/
4328 	len = 2 - len;
4329 	while (len-- > 0)
4330 	    av_push(av, newSViv(0));
4331     }
4332 
4333     /* need to save off the current version string for later */
4334     if ( vinf ) {
4335 	SV * orig = newSVpvn("v.Inf", sizeof("v.Inf")-1);
4336 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "original", orig);
4337 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "vinf", newSViv(1));
4338     }
4339     else if ( s > start ) {
4340 	SV * orig = newSVpvn(start,s-start);
4341 	if ( qv && saw_period == 1 && *start != 'v' ) {
4342 	    /* need to insert a v to be consistent */
4343 	    sv_insert(orig, 0, 0, "v", 1);
4344 	}
4345 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "original", orig);
4346     }
4347     else {
4348 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "original", newSVpvn("0",1));
4349 	av_push(av, newSViv(0));
4350     }
4351 
4352     /* And finally, store the AV in the hash */
4353     (void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "version", newRV_noinc((SV *)av));
4354 
4355     /* fix RT#19517 - special case 'undef' as string */
4356     if ( *s == 'u' && strEQ(s,"undef") ) {
4357 	s += 5;
4358     }
4359 
4360     return s;
4361 }
4362 
4363 /*
4364 =for apidoc new_version
4365 
4366 Returns a new version object based on the passed in SV:
4367 
4368     SV *sv = new_version(SV *ver);
4369 
4370 Does not alter the passed in ver SV.  See "upg_version" if you
4371 want to upgrade the SV.
4372 
4373 =cut
4374 */
4375 
4376 SV *
4377 Perl_new_version(pTHX_ SV *ver)
4378 {
4379     dVAR;
4380     SV * const rv = newSV(0);
4381     if ( sv_derived_from(ver,"version") ) /* can just copy directly */
4382     {
4383 	I32 key;
4384 	AV * const av = newAV();
4385 	AV *sav;
4386 	/* This will get reblessed later if a derived class*/
4387 	SV * const hv = newSVrv(rv, "version");
4388 	(void)sv_upgrade(hv, SVt_PVHV); /* needs to be an HV type */
4389 #ifndef NODEFAULT_SHAREKEYS
4390 	HvSHAREKEYS_on(hv);         /* key-sharing on by default */
4391 #endif
4392 
4393 	if ( SvROK(ver) )
4394 	    ver = SvRV(ver);
4395 
4396 	/* Begin copying all of the elements */
4397 	if ( hv_exists((HV *)ver, "qv", 2) )
4398 	    (void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "qv", newSViv(1));
4399 
4400 	if ( hv_exists((HV *)ver, "alpha", 5) )
4401 	    (void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "alpha", newSViv(1));
4402 
4403 	if ( hv_exists((HV*)ver, "width", 5 ) )
4404 	{
4405 	    const I32 width = SvIV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)ver, "width", FALSE));
4406 	    (void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "width", newSViv(width));
4407 	}
4408 
4409 	if ( hv_exists((HV*)ver, "original", 8 ) )
4410 	{
4411 	    SV * pv = *hv_fetchs((HV*)ver, "original", FALSE);
4412 	    (void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "original", newSVsv(pv));
4413 	}
4414 
4415 	sav = (AV *)SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)ver, "version", FALSE));
4416 	/* This will get reblessed later if a derived class*/
4417 	for ( key = 0; key <= av_len(sav); key++ )
4418 	{
4419 	    const I32 rev = SvIV(*av_fetch(sav, key, FALSE));
4420 	    av_push(av, newSViv(rev));
4421 	}
4422 
4423 	(void)hv_stores((HV *)hv, "version", newRV_noinc((SV *)av));
4424 	return rv;
4425     }
4426 #ifdef SvVOK
4427     {
4428 	const MAGIC* const mg = SvVSTRING_mg(ver);
4429 	if ( mg ) { /* already a v-string */
4430 	    const STRLEN len = mg->mg_len;
4431 	    char * const version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr, len);
4432 	    sv_setpvn(rv,version,len);
4433 	    /* this is for consistency with the pure Perl class */
4434 	    if ( *version != 'v' )
4435 		sv_insert(rv, 0, 0, "v", 1);
4436 	    Safefree(version);
4437 	}
4438 	else {
4439 #endif
4440 	sv_setsv(rv,ver); /* make a duplicate */
4441 #ifdef SvVOK
4442 	}
4443     }
4444 #endif
4445     return upg_version(rv, FALSE);
4446 }
4447 
4448 /*
4449 =for apidoc upg_version
4450 
4451 In-place upgrade of the supplied SV to a version object.
4452 
4453     SV *sv = upg_version(SV *sv, bool qv);
4454 
4455 Returns a pointer to the upgraded SV.  Set the boolean qv if you want
4456 to force this SV to be interpreted as an "extended" version.
4457 
4458 =cut
4459 */
4460 
4461 SV *
4462 Perl_upg_version(pTHX_ SV *ver, bool qv)
4463 {
4464     const char *version, *s;
4465 #ifdef SvVOK
4466     const MAGIC *mg;
4467 #endif
4468 
4469     if ( SvNOK(ver) && !( SvPOK(ver) && sv_len(ver) == 3 ) )
4470     {
4471 	/* may get too much accuracy */
4472 	char tbuf[64];
4473 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
4474 	char *loc = setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
4475 #endif
4476 	STRLEN len = my_snprintf(tbuf, sizeof(tbuf), "%.9"NVff, SvNVX(ver));
4477 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
4478 	setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, loc);
4479 #endif
4480 	while (tbuf[len-1] == '0' && len > 0) len--;
4481 	if ( tbuf[len-1] == '.' ) len--; /* eat the trailing decimal */
4482 	version = savepvn(tbuf, len);
4483     }
4484 #ifdef SvVOK
4485     else if ( (mg = SvVSTRING_mg(ver)) ) { /* already a v-string */
4486 	version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr,mg->mg_len );
4487 	qv = 1;
4488     }
4489 #endif
4490     else /* must be a string or something like a string */
4491     {
4492 	STRLEN len;
4493 	version = savepv(SvPV(ver,len));
4494 #ifndef SvVOK
4495 #  if PERL_VERSION > 5
4496 	/* This will only be executed for 5.6.0 - 5.8.0 inclusive */
4497 	if ( len == 3 && !instr(version,".") && !instr(version,"_") ) {
4498 	    /* may be a v-string */
4499 	    SV * const nsv = sv_newmortal();
4500 	    const char *nver;
4501 	    const char *pos;
4502 	    int saw_period = 0;
4503 	    sv_setpvf(nsv,"v%vd",ver);
4504 	    pos = nver = savepv(SvPV_nolen(nsv));
4505 
4506 	    /* scan the resulting formatted string */
4507 	    pos++; /* skip the leading 'v' */
4508 	    while ( *pos == '.' || isDIGIT(*pos) ) {
4509 		if ( *pos == '.' )
4510 		    saw_period++ ;
4511 		pos++;
4512 	    }
4513 
4514 	    /* is definitely a v-string */
4515 	    if ( saw_period == 2 ) {
4516 		Safefree(version);
4517 		version = nver;
4518 	    }
4519 	}
4520 #  endif
4521 #endif
4522     }
4523 
4524     s = scan_version(version, ver, qv);
4525     if ( *s != '\0' )
4526 	if(ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
4527 	    Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4528 		"Version string '%s' contains invalid data; "
4529 		"ignoring: '%s'", version, s);
4530     Safefree(version);
4531     return ver;
4532 }
4533 
4534 /*
4535 =for apidoc vverify
4536 
4537 Validates that the SV contains a valid version object.
4538 
4539     bool vverify(SV *vobj);
4540 
4541 Note that it only confirms the bare minimum structure (so as not to get
4542 confused by derived classes which may contain additional hash entries):
4543 
4544 =over 4
4545 
4546 =item * The SV contains a [reference to a] hash
4547 
4548 =item * The hash contains a "version" key
4549 
4550 =item * The "version" key has [a reference to] an AV as its value
4551 
4552 =back
4553 
4554 =cut
4555 */
4556 
4557 bool
4558 Perl_vverify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
4559 {
4560     SV *sv;
4561     if ( SvROK(vs) )
4562 	vs = SvRV(vs);
4563 
4564     /* see if the appropriate elements exist */
4565     if ( SvTYPE(vs) == SVt_PVHV
4566 	 && hv_exists((HV*)vs, "version", 7)
4567 	 && (sv = SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)vs, "version", FALSE)))
4568 	 && SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV )
4569 	return TRUE;
4570     else
4571 	return FALSE;
4572 }
4573 
4574 /*
4575 =for apidoc vnumify
4576 
4577 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized floating
4578 point representation.  Call like:
4579 
4580     sv = vnumify(rv);
4581 
4582 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
4583 contained within the RV.
4584 
4585 =cut
4586 */
4587 
4588 SV *
4589 Perl_vnumify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
4590 {
4591     I32 i, len, digit;
4592     int width;
4593     bool alpha = FALSE;
4594     SV * const sv = newSV(0);
4595     AV *av;
4596     if ( SvROK(vs) )
4597 	vs = SvRV(vs);
4598 
4599     if ( !vverify(vs) )
4600 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version object");
4601 
4602     /* see if various flags exist */
4603     if ( hv_exists((HV*)vs, "alpha", 5 ) )
4604 	alpha = TRUE;
4605     if ( hv_exists((HV*)vs, "width", 5 ) )
4606 	width = SvIV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)vs, "width", FALSE));
4607     else
4608 	width = 3;
4609 
4610 
4611     /* attempt to retrieve the version array */
4612     if ( !(av = (AV *)SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)vs, "version", FALSE)) ) ) {
4613 	sv_catpvs(sv,"0");
4614 	return sv;
4615     }
4616 
4617     len = av_len(av);
4618     if ( len == -1 )
4619     {
4620 	sv_catpvs(sv,"0");
4621 	return sv;
4622     }
4623 
4624     digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, 0, 0));
4625     Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%d.", (int)PERL_ABS(digit));
4626     for ( i = 1 ; i < len ; i++ )
4627     {
4628 	digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, i, 0));
4629 	if ( width < 3 ) {
4630 	    const int denom = (width == 2 ? 10 : 100);
4631 	    const div_t term = div((int)PERL_ABS(digit),denom);
4632 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%0*d_%d", width, term.quot, term.rem);
4633 	}
4634 	else {
4635 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%0*d", width, (int)digit);
4636 	}
4637     }
4638 
4639     if ( len > 0 )
4640     {
4641 	digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, len, 0));
4642 	if ( alpha && width == 3 ) /* alpha version */
4643 	    sv_catpvs(sv,"_");
4644 	Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%0*d", width, (int)digit);
4645     }
4646     else /* len == 0 */
4647     {
4648 	sv_catpvs(sv, "000");
4649     }
4650     return sv;
4651 }
4652 
4653 /*
4654 =for apidoc vnormal
4655 
4656 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized string
4657 representation.  Call like:
4658 
4659     sv = vnormal(rv);
4660 
4661 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
4662 contained within the RV.
4663 
4664 =cut
4665 */
4666 
4667 SV *
4668 Perl_vnormal(pTHX_ SV *vs)
4669 {
4670     I32 i, len, digit;
4671     bool alpha = FALSE;
4672     SV * const sv = newSV(0);
4673     AV *av;
4674     if ( SvROK(vs) )
4675 	vs = SvRV(vs);
4676 
4677     if ( !vverify(vs) )
4678 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version object");
4679 
4680     if ( hv_exists((HV*)vs, "alpha", 5 ) )
4681 	alpha = TRUE;
4682     av = (AV *)SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)vs, "version", FALSE));
4683 
4684     len = av_len(av);
4685     if ( len == -1 )
4686     {
4687 	sv_catpvs(sv,"");
4688 	return sv;
4689     }
4690     digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, 0, 0));
4691     Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "v%"IVdf, (IV)digit);
4692     for ( i = 1 ; i < len ; i++ ) {
4693 	digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, i, 0));
4694 	Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ".%"IVdf, (IV)digit);
4695     }
4696 
4697     if ( len > 0 )
4698     {
4699 	/* handle last digit specially */
4700 	digit = SvIV(*av_fetch(av, len, 0));
4701 	if ( alpha )
4702 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, "_%"IVdf, (IV)digit);
4703 	else
4704 	    Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ".%"IVdf, (IV)digit);
4705     }
4706 
4707     if ( len <= 2 ) { /* short version, must be at least three */
4708 	for ( len = 2 - len; len != 0; len-- )
4709 	    sv_catpvs(sv,".0");
4710     }
4711     return sv;
4712 }
4713 
4714 /*
4715 =for apidoc vstringify
4716 
4717 In order to maintain maximum compatibility with earlier versions
4718 of Perl, this function will return either the floating point
4719 notation or the multiple dotted notation, depending on whether
4720 the original version contained 1 or more dots, respectively
4721 
4722 =cut
4723 */
4724 
4725 SV *
4726 Perl_vstringify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
4727 {
4728     SV *pv;
4729     if ( SvROK(vs) )
4730 	vs = SvRV(vs);
4731 
4732     if ( !vverify(vs) )
4733 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version object");
4734 
4735     pv = *hv_fetchs((HV*)vs, "original", FALSE);
4736     if ( SvPOK(pv) )
4737 	return newSVsv(pv);
4738     else
4739 	return &PL_sv_undef;
4740 }
4741 
4742 /*
4743 =for apidoc vcmp
4744 
4745 Version object aware cmp.  Both operands must already have been
4746 converted into version objects.
4747 
4748 =cut
4749 */
4750 
4751 int
4752 Perl_vcmp(pTHX_ SV *lhv, SV *rhv)
4753 {
4754     I32 i,l,m,r,retval;
4755     bool lalpha = FALSE;
4756     bool ralpha = FALSE;
4757     I32 left = 0;
4758     I32 right = 0;
4759     AV *lav, *rav;
4760     if ( SvROK(lhv) )
4761 	lhv = SvRV(lhv);
4762     if ( SvROK(rhv) )
4763 	rhv = SvRV(rhv);
4764 
4765     if ( !vverify(lhv) )
4766 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version object");
4767 
4768     if ( !vverify(rhv) )
4769 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version object");
4770 
4771     /* get the left hand term */
4772     lav = (AV *)SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)lhv, "version", FALSE));
4773     if ( hv_exists((HV*)lhv, "alpha", 5 ) )
4774 	lalpha = TRUE;
4775 
4776     /* and the right hand term */
4777     rav = (AV *)SvRV(*hv_fetchs((HV*)rhv, "version", FALSE));
4778     if ( hv_exists((HV*)rhv, "alpha", 5 ) )
4779 	ralpha = TRUE;
4780 
4781     l = av_len(lav);
4782     r = av_len(rav);
4783     m = l < r ? l : r;
4784     retval = 0;
4785     i = 0;
4786     while ( i <= m && retval == 0 )
4787     {
4788 	left  = SvIV(*av_fetch(lav,i,0));
4789 	right = SvIV(*av_fetch(rav,i,0));
4790 	if ( left < right  )
4791 	    retval = -1;
4792 	if ( left > right )
4793 	    retval = +1;
4794 	i++;
4795     }
4796 
4797     /* tiebreaker for alpha with identical terms */
4798     if ( retval == 0 && l == r && left == right && ( lalpha || ralpha ) )
4799     {
4800 	if ( lalpha && !ralpha )
4801 	{
4802 	    retval = -1;
4803 	}
4804 	else if ( ralpha && !lalpha)
4805 	{
4806 	    retval = +1;
4807 	}
4808     }
4809 
4810     if ( l != r && retval == 0 ) /* possible match except for trailing 0's */
4811     {
4812 	if ( l < r )
4813 	{
4814 	    while ( i <= r && retval == 0 )
4815 	    {
4816 		if ( SvIV(*av_fetch(rav,i,0)) != 0 )
4817 		    retval = -1; /* not a match after all */
4818 		i++;
4819 	    }
4820 	}
4821 	else
4822 	{
4823 	    while ( i <= l && retval == 0 )
4824 	    {
4825 		if ( SvIV(*av_fetch(lav,i,0)) != 0 )
4826 		    retval = +1; /* not a match after all */
4827 		i++;
4828 	    }
4829 	}
4830     }
4831     return retval;
4832 }
4833 
4834 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET) && defined(SOCK_DGRAM) && defined(HAS_SELECT)
4835 #   define EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4836 #endif
4837 
4838 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4839 static int
4840 S_socketpair_udp (int fd[2]) {
4841     dTHX;
4842     /* Fake a datagram socketpair using UDP to localhost.  */
4843     int sockets[2] = {-1, -1};
4844     struct sockaddr_in addresses[2];
4845     int i;
4846     Sock_size_t size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
4847     unsigned short port;
4848     int got;
4849 
4850     memset(&addresses, 0, sizeof(addresses));
4851     i = 1;
4852     do {
4853 	sockets[i] = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, PF_INET);
4854 	if (sockets[i] == -1)
4855 	    goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4856 
4857 	addresses[i].sin_family = AF_INET;
4858 	addresses[i].sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
4859 	addresses[i].sin_port = 0;	/* kernel choses port.  */
4860 	if (PerlSock_bind(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4861 		sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
4862 	    goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4863     } while (i--);
4864 
4865     /* Now have 2 UDP sockets. Find out which port each is connected to, and
4866        for each connect the other socket to it.  */
4867     i = 1;
4868     do {
4869 	if (PerlSock_getsockname(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4870 		&size) == -1)
4871 	    goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4872 	if (size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
4873 	    goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4874 	/* !1 is 0, !0 is 1 */
4875 	if (PerlSock_connect(sockets[!i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4876 		sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
4877 	    goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4878     } while (i--);
4879 
4880     /* Now we have 2 sockets connected to each other. I don't trust some other
4881        process not to have already sent a packet to us (by random) so send
4882        a packet from each to the other.  */
4883     i = 1;
4884     do {
4885 	/* I'm going to send my own port number.  As a short.
4886 	   (Who knows if someone somewhere has sin_port as a bitfield and needs
4887 	   this routine. (I'm assuming crays have socketpair)) */
4888 	port = addresses[i].sin_port;
4889 	got = PerlLIO_write(sockets[i], &port, sizeof(port));
4890 	if (got != sizeof(port)) {
4891 	    if (got == -1)
4892 		goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4893 	    goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4894 	}
4895     } while (i--);
4896 
4897     /* Packets sent. I don't trust them to have arrived though.
4898        (As I understand it Solaris TCP stack is multithreaded. Non-blocking
4899        connect to localhost will use a second kernel thread. In 2.6 the
4900        first thread running the connect() returns before the second completes,
4901        so EINPROGRESS> In 2.7 the improved stack is faster and connect()
4902        returns 0. Poor programs have tripped up. One poor program's authors'
4903        had a 50-1 reverse stock split. Not sure how connected these were.)
4904        So I don't trust someone not to have an unpredictable UDP stack.
4905     */
4906 
4907     {
4908 	struct timeval waitfor = {0, 100000}; /* You have 0.1 seconds */
4909 	int max = sockets[1] > sockets[0] ? sockets[1] : sockets[0];
4910 	fd_set rset;
4911 
4912 	FD_ZERO(&rset);
4913 	FD_SET((unsigned int)sockets[0], &rset);
4914 	FD_SET((unsigned int)sockets[1], &rset);
4915 
4916 	got = PerlSock_select(max + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
4917 	if (got != 2 || !FD_ISSET(sockets[0], &rset)
4918 		|| !FD_ISSET(sockets[1], &rset)) {
4919 	    /* I hope this is portable and appropriate.  */
4920 	    if (got == -1)
4921 		goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4922 	    goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4923 	}
4924     }
4925 
4926     /* And the paranoia department even now doesn't trust it to have arrive
4927        (hence MSG_DONTWAIT). Or that what arrives was sent by us.  */
4928     {
4929 	struct sockaddr_in readfrom;
4930 	unsigned short buffer[2];
4931 
4932 	i = 1;
4933 	do {
4934 #ifdef MSG_DONTWAIT
4935 	    got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4936 		    sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT,
4937 		    (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4938 #else
4939 	    got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4940 		    sizeof(buffer), 0,
4941 		    (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4942 #endif
4943 
4944 	    if (got == -1)
4945 		goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4946 	    if (got != sizeof(port)
4947 		    || size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)
4948 		    /* Check other socket sent us its port.  */
4949 		    || buffer[0] != (unsigned short) addresses[!i].sin_port
4950 		    /* Check kernel says we got the datagram from that socket */
4951 		    || readfrom.sin_family != addresses[!i].sin_family
4952 		    || readfrom.sin_addr.s_addr != addresses[!i].sin_addr.s_addr
4953 		    || readfrom.sin_port != addresses[!i].sin_port)
4954 		goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4955 	} while (i--);
4956     }
4957     /* My caller (my_socketpair) has validated that this is non-NULL  */
4958     fd[0] = sockets[0];
4959     fd[1] = sockets[1];
4960     /* I hereby declare this connection open.  May God bless all who cross
4961        her.  */
4962     return 0;
4963 
4964   abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
4965     errno = ECONNABORTED;
4966   tidy_up_and_fail:
4967     {
4968 	const int save_errno = errno;
4969 	if (sockets[0] != -1)
4970 	    PerlLIO_close(sockets[0]);
4971 	if (sockets[1] != -1)
4972 	    PerlLIO_close(sockets[1]);
4973 	errno = save_errno;
4974 	return -1;
4975     }
4976 }
4977 #endif /*  EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP */
4978 
4979 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET)
4980 int
4981 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
4982     /* Stevens says that family must be AF_LOCAL, protocol 0.
4983        I'm going to enforce that, then ignore it, and use TCP (or UDP).  */
4984     dTHX;
4985     int listener = -1;
4986     int connector = -1;
4987     int acceptor = -1;
4988     struct sockaddr_in listen_addr;
4989     struct sockaddr_in connect_addr;
4990     Sock_size_t size;
4991 
4992     if (protocol
4993 #ifdef AF_UNIX
4994 	|| family != AF_UNIX
4995 #endif
4996     ) {
4997 	errno = EAFNOSUPPORT;
4998 	return -1;
4999     }
5000     if (!fd) {
5001 	errno = EINVAL;
5002 	return -1;
5003     }
5004 
5005 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
5006     if (type == SOCK_DGRAM)
5007 	return S_socketpair_udp(fd);
5008 #endif
5009 
5010     listener = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
5011     if (listener == -1)
5012 	return -1;
5013     memset(&listen_addr, 0, sizeof(listen_addr));
5014     listen_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
5015     listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
5016     listen_addr.sin_port = 0;	/* kernel choses port.  */
5017     if (PerlSock_bind(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
5018 	    sizeof(listen_addr)) == -1)
5019 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5020     if (PerlSock_listen(listener, 1) == -1)
5021 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5022 
5023     connector = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
5024     if (connector == -1)
5025 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5026     /* We want to find out the port number to connect to.  */
5027     size = sizeof(connect_addr);
5028     if (PerlSock_getsockname(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
5029 	    &size) == -1)
5030 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5031     if (size != sizeof(connect_addr))
5032 	goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
5033     if (PerlSock_connect(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
5034 	    sizeof(connect_addr)) == -1)
5035 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5036 
5037     size = sizeof(listen_addr);
5038     acceptor = PerlSock_accept(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
5039 	    &size);
5040     if (acceptor == -1)
5041 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5042     if (size != sizeof(listen_addr))
5043 	goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
5044     PerlLIO_close(listener);
5045     /* Now check we are talking to ourself by matching port and host on the
5046        two sockets.  */
5047     if (PerlSock_getsockname(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
5048 	    &size) == -1)
5049 	goto tidy_up_and_fail;
5050     if (size != sizeof(connect_addr)
5051 	    || listen_addr.sin_family != connect_addr.sin_family
5052 	    || listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr != connect_addr.sin_addr.s_addr
5053 	    || listen_addr.sin_port != connect_addr.sin_port) {
5054 	goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
5055     }
5056     fd[0] = connector;
5057     fd[1] = acceptor;
5058     return 0;
5059 
5060   abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
5061 #ifdef ECONNABORTED
5062   errno = ECONNABORTED;	/* This would be the standard thing to do. */
5063 #else
5064 #  ifdef ECONNREFUSED
5065   errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/* E.g. Symbian does not have ECONNABORTED. */
5066 #  else
5067   errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/* Desperation time. */
5068 #  endif
5069 #endif
5070   tidy_up_and_fail:
5071     {
5072 	const int save_errno = errno;
5073 	if (listener != -1)
5074 	    PerlLIO_close(listener);
5075 	if (connector != -1)
5076 	    PerlLIO_close(connector);
5077 	if (acceptor != -1)
5078 	    PerlLIO_close(acceptor);
5079 	errno = save_errno;
5080 	return -1;
5081     }
5082 }
5083 #else
5084 /* In any case have a stub so that there's code corresponding
5085  * to the my_socketpair in global.sym. */
5086 int
5087 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
5088 #ifdef HAS_SOCKETPAIR
5089     return socketpair(family, type, protocol, fd);
5090 #else
5091     return -1;
5092 #endif
5093 }
5094 #endif
5095 
5096 /*
5097 
5098 =for apidoc sv_nosharing
5099 
5100 Dummy routine which "shares" an SV when there is no sharing module present.
5101 Or "locks" it. Or "unlocks" it. In other words, ignores its single SV argument.
5102 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could
5103 potentially warn under some level of strict-ness.
5104 
5105 =cut
5106 */
5107 
5108 void
5109 Perl_sv_nosharing(pTHX_ SV *sv)
5110 {
5111     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5112     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
5113 }
5114 
5115 /*
5116 
5117 =for apidoc sv_destroyable
5118 
5119 Dummy routine which reports that object can be destroyed when there is no
5120 sharing module present.  It ignores its single SV argument, and returns
5121 'true'.  Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it
5122 could potentially warn under some level of strict-ness.
5123 
5124 =cut
5125 */
5126 
5127 bool
5128 Perl_sv_destroyable(pTHX_ SV *sv)
5129 {
5130     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5131     PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
5132     return TRUE;
5133 }
5134 
5135 U32
5136 Perl_parse_unicode_opts(pTHX_ const char **popt)
5137 {
5138   const char *p = *popt;
5139   U32 opt = 0;
5140 
5141   if (*p) {
5142        if (isDIGIT(*p)) {
5143 	    opt = (U32) atoi(p);
5144 	    while (isDIGIT(*p))
5145 		p++;
5146 	    if (*p && *p != '\n' && *p != '\r')
5147 		 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
5148        }
5149        else {
5150 	    for (; *p; p++) {
5151 		 switch (*p) {
5152 		 case PERL_UNICODE_STDIN:
5153 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG;	break;
5154 		 case PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT:
5155 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG;	break;
5156 		 case PERL_UNICODE_STDERR:
5157 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG;	break;
5158 		 case PERL_UNICODE_STD:
5159 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG;    	break;
5160 		 case PERL_UNICODE_IN:
5161 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;	break;
5162 		 case PERL_UNICODE_OUT:
5163 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;	break;
5164 		 case PERL_UNICODE_INOUT:
5165 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG;	break;
5166 		 case PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE:
5167 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG;	break;
5168 		 case PERL_UNICODE_ARGV:
5169 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG;	break;
5170 		 case PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT:
5171 		      opt |= PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG; break;
5172 		 default:
5173 		      if (*p != '\n' && *p != '\r')
5174 			  Perl_croak(aTHX_
5175 				     "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
5176 		 }
5177 	    }
5178        }
5179   }
5180   else
5181        opt = PERL_UNICODE_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
5182 
5183   if (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS)
5184        Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option value %"UVuf,
5185 		  (UV) (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS));
5186 
5187   *popt = p;
5188 
5189   return opt;
5190 }
5191 
5192 U32
5193 Perl_seed(pTHX)
5194 {
5195     dVAR;
5196     /*
5197      * This is really just a quick hack which grabs various garbage
5198      * values.  It really should be a real hash algorithm which
5199      * spreads the effect of every input bit onto every output bit,
5200      * if someone who knows about such things would bother to write it.
5201      * Might be a good idea to add that function to CORE as well.
5202      * No numbers below come from careful analysis or anything here,
5203      * except they are primes and SEED_C1 > 1E6 to get a full-width
5204      * value from (tv_sec * SEED_C1 + tv_usec).  The multipliers should
5205      * probably be bigger too.
5206      */
5207 #if RANDBITS > 16
5208 #  define SEED_C1	1000003
5209 #define   SEED_C4	73819
5210 #else
5211 #  define SEED_C1	25747
5212 #define   SEED_C4	20639
5213 #endif
5214 #define   SEED_C2	3
5215 #define   SEED_C3	269
5216 #define   SEED_C5	26107
5217 
5218 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
5219     int fd;
5220 #endif
5221     U32 u;
5222 #ifdef VMS
5223 #  include <starlet.h>
5224     /* when[] = (low 32 bits, high 32 bits) of time since epoch
5225      * in 100-ns units, typically incremented ever 10 ms.        */
5226     unsigned int when[2];
5227 #else
5228 #  ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
5229     struct timeval when;
5230 #  else
5231     Time_t when;
5232 #  endif
5233 #endif
5234 
5235 /* This test is an escape hatch, this symbol isn't set by Configure. */
5236 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
5237 #ifndef PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE
5238    /* /dev/random isn't used by default because reads from it will block
5239     * if there isn't enough entropy available.  You can compile with
5240     * PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE to it if you'd prefer Perl to block until there
5241     * is enough real entropy to fill the seed. */
5242 #  define PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE "/dev/urandom"
5243 #endif
5244     fd = PerlLIO_open(PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE, 0);
5245     if (fd != -1) {
5246     	if (PerlLIO_read(fd, (void*)&u, sizeof u) != sizeof u)
5247 	    u = 0;
5248 	PerlLIO_close(fd);
5249 	if (u)
5250 	    return u;
5251     }
5252 #endif
5253 
5254 #ifdef VMS
5255     _ckvmssts(sys$gettim(when));
5256     u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when[0] + (U32)SEED_C2 * when[1];
5257 #else
5258 #  ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
5259     PerlProc_gettimeofday(&when,NULL);
5260     u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when.tv_sec + (U32)SEED_C2 * when.tv_usec;
5261 #  else
5262     (void)time(&when);
5263     u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when;
5264 #  endif
5265 #endif
5266     u += SEED_C3 * (U32)PerlProc_getpid();
5267     u += SEED_C4 * (U32)PTR2UV(PL_stack_sp);
5268 #ifndef PLAN9           /* XXX Plan9 assembler chokes on this; fix needed  */
5269     u += SEED_C5 * (U32)PTR2UV(&when);
5270 #endif
5271     return u;
5272 }
5273 
5274 UV
5275 Perl_get_hash_seed(pTHX)
5276 {
5277     dVAR;
5278      const char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED");
5279      UV myseed = 0;
5280 
5281      if (s)
5282 	while (isSPACE(*s))
5283 	    s++;
5284      if (s && isDIGIT(*s))
5285 	  myseed = (UV)Atoul(s);
5286      else
5287 #ifdef USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT
5288      if (s)
5289 #endif
5290      {
5291 	  /* Compute a random seed */
5292 	  (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)seed());
5293 	  myseed = (UV)(Drand01() * (NV)UV_MAX);
5294 #if RANDBITS < (UVSIZE * 8)
5295 	  /* Since there are not enough randbits to to reach all
5296 	   * the bits of a UV, the low bits might need extra
5297 	   * help.  Sum in another random number that will
5298 	   * fill in the low bits. */
5299 	  myseed +=
5300 	       (UV)(Drand01() * (NV)((1 << ((UVSIZE * 8 - RANDBITS))) - 1));
5301 #endif /* RANDBITS < (UVSIZE * 8) */
5302 	  if (myseed == 0) { /* Superparanoia. */
5303 	      myseed = (UV)(Drand01() * (NV)UV_MAX); /* One more chance. */
5304 	      if (myseed == 0)
5305 		  Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Your random numbers are not that random");
5306 	  }
5307      }
5308      PL_rehash_seed_set = TRUE;
5309 
5310      return myseed;
5311 }
5312 
5313 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
5314 bool
5315 Perl_stashpv_hvname_match(pTHX_ const COP *c, const HV *hv)
5316 {
5317     const char * const stashpv = CopSTASHPV(c);
5318     const char * const name = HvNAME_get(hv);
5319     PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5320 
5321     if (stashpv == name)
5322 	return TRUE;
5323     if (stashpv && name)
5324 	if (strEQ(stashpv, name))
5325 	    return TRUE;
5326     return FALSE;
5327 }
5328 #endif
5329 
5330 
5331 #ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
5332 
5333 #define PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_INIT
5334 #include "opcode.h" /* the ppaddr and check */
5335 
5336 struct perl_vars *
5337 Perl_init_global_struct(pTHX)
5338 {
5339     struct perl_vars *plvarsp = NULL;
5340 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
5341     const IV nppaddr = sizeof(Gppaddr)/sizeof(Perl_ppaddr_t);
5342     const IV ncheck  = sizeof(Gcheck) /sizeof(Perl_check_t);
5343 #  ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE
5344     /* PerlMem_malloc() because can't use even safesysmalloc() this early. */
5345     plvarsp = (struct perl_vars*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(struct perl_vars));
5346     if (!plvarsp)
5347         exit(1);
5348 #  else
5349     plvarsp = PL_VarsPtr;
5350 #  endif /* PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE */
5351 #  undef PERLVAR
5352 #  undef PERLVARA
5353 #  undef PERLVARI
5354 #  undef PERLVARIC
5355 #  undef PERLVARISC
5356 #  define PERLVAR(var,type) /**/
5357 #  define PERLVARA(var,n,type) /**/
5358 #  define PERLVARI(var,type,init) plvarsp->var = init;
5359 #  define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) plvarsp->var = init;
5360 #  define PERLVARISC(var,init) Copy(init, plvarsp->var, sizeof(init), char);
5361 #  include "perlvars.h"
5362 #  undef PERLVAR
5363 #  undef PERLVARA
5364 #  undef PERLVARI
5365 #  undef PERLVARIC
5366 #  undef PERLVARISC
5367 #  ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
5368     plvarsp->Gppaddr =
5369 	(Perl_ppaddr_t*)
5370 	PerlMem_malloc(nppaddr * sizeof(Perl_ppaddr_t));
5371     if (!plvarsp->Gppaddr)
5372         exit(1);
5373     plvarsp->Gcheck  =
5374 	(Perl_check_t*)
5375 	PerlMem_malloc(ncheck  * sizeof(Perl_check_t));
5376     if (!plvarsp->Gcheck)
5377         exit(1);
5378     Copy(Gppaddr, plvarsp->Gppaddr, nppaddr, Perl_ppaddr_t);
5379     Copy(Gcheck,  plvarsp->Gcheck,  ncheck,  Perl_check_t);
5380 #  endif
5381 #  ifdef PERL_SET_VARS
5382     PERL_SET_VARS(plvarsp);
5383 #  endif
5384 # undef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_INIT
5385 # endif
5386     return plvarsp;
5387 }
5388 
5389 #endif /* PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT */
5390 
5391 #ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
5392 
5393 void
5394 Perl_free_global_struct(pTHX_ struct perl_vars *plvarsp)
5395 {
5396 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
5397 #  ifdef PERL_UNSET_VARS
5398     PERL_UNSET_VARS(plvarsp);
5399 #  endif
5400     free(plvarsp->Gppaddr);
5401     free(plvarsp->Gcheck);
5402 #  ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE
5403     free(plvarsp);
5404 #  endif
5405 # endif
5406 }
5407 
5408 #endif /* PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT */
5409 
5410 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
5411 
5412 /*
5413  * PERL_MEM_LOG: the Perl_mem_log_..() will be compiled.
5414  *
5415  * PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV: if defined, during run time the environment
5416  * variable PERL_MEM_LOG will be consulted, and if the integer value
5417  * of that is true, the logging will happen.  (The default is to
5418  * always log if the PERL_MEM_LOG define was in effect.)
5419  */
5420 
5421 /*
5422  * PERL_MEM_LOG_SPRINTF_BUF_SIZE: size of a (stack-allocated) buffer
5423  * the Perl_mem_log_...() will use (either via sprintf or snprintf).
5424  */
5425 #define PERL_MEM_LOG_SPRINTF_BUF_SIZE 128
5426 
5427 /*
5428  * PERL_MEM_LOG_FD: the file descriptor the Perl_mem_log_...() will
5429  * log to.  You can also define in compile time PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD,
5430  * in which case the environment variable PERL_MEM_LOG_FD will be
5431  * consulted for the file descriptor number to use.
5432  */
5433 #ifndef PERL_MEM_LOG_FD
5434 #  define PERL_MEM_LOG_FD 2 /* If STDERR is too boring for you. */
5435 #endif
5436 
5437 Malloc_t
5438 Perl_mem_log_alloc(const UV n, const UV typesize, const char *typename, Malloc_t newalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname)
5439 {
5440 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR
5441 # if defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV) || defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD)
5442     char *s;
5443 # endif
5444 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV
5445     s = getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG");
5446     if (s ? atoi(s) : 0)
5447 # endif
5448     {
5449 	/* We can't use SVs or PerlIO for obvious reasons,
5450 	 * so we'll use stdio and low-level IO instead. */
5451 	char buf[PERL_MEM_LOG_SPRINTF_BUF_SIZE];
5452 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5453 	struct timeval tv;
5454 #   ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
5455 	gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
5456 #   endif
5457 	/* If there are other OS specific ways of hires time than
5458 	 * gettimeofday() (see ext/Time/HiRes), the easiest way is
5459 	 * probably that they would be used to fill in the struct
5460 	 * timeval. */
5461 # endif
5462 	{
5463 	    const STRLEN len =
5464 		my_snprintf(buf,
5465 			    sizeof(buf),
5466 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5467 			    "%10d.%06d: "
5468 # endif
5469 			    "alloc: %s:%d:%s: %"IVdf" %"UVuf
5470 			    " %s = %"IVdf": %"UVxf"\n",
5471 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5472 			    (int)tv.tv_sec, (int)tv.tv_usec,
5473 # endif
5474 			    filename, linenumber, funcname, n, typesize,
5475 			    typename, n * typesize, PTR2UV(newalloc));
5476 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD
5477 	    s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG_FD");
5478 	    PerlLIO_write(s ? atoi(s) : PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5479 # else
5480 	    PerlLIO_write(PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5481 #endif
5482 	}
5483     }
5484 #endif
5485     return newalloc;
5486 }
5487 
5488 Malloc_t
5489 Perl_mem_log_realloc(const UV n, const UV typesize, const char *typename, Malloc_t oldalloc, Malloc_t newalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname)
5490 {
5491 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR
5492 # if defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV) || defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD)
5493     char *s;
5494 # endif
5495 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV
5496     s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG");
5497     if (s ? atoi(s) : 0)
5498 # endif
5499     {
5500 	/* We can't use SVs or PerlIO for obvious reasons,
5501 	 * so we'll use stdio and low-level IO instead. */
5502 	char buf[PERL_MEM_LOG_SPRINTF_BUF_SIZE];
5503 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5504 	struct timeval tv;
5505 	gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
5506 # endif
5507 	{
5508 	    const STRLEN len =
5509 		my_snprintf(buf,
5510 			    sizeof(buf),
5511 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5512 			    "%10d.%06d: "
5513 # endif
5514 			    "realloc: %s:%d:%s: %"IVdf" %"UVuf
5515 			    " %s = %"IVdf": %"UVxf" -> %"UVxf"\n",
5516 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5517 			    (int)tv.tv_sec, (int)tv.tv_usec,
5518 # endif
5519 			    filename, linenumber, funcname, n, typesize,
5520 			    typename, n * typesize, PTR2UV(oldalloc),
5521 			    PTR2UV(newalloc));
5522 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD
5523 	    s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG_FD");
5524 	    PerlLIO_write(s ? atoi(s) : PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5525 # else
5526 	    PerlLIO_write(PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5527 # endif
5528 	}
5529     }
5530 #endif
5531     return newalloc;
5532 }
5533 
5534 Malloc_t
5535 Perl_mem_log_free(Malloc_t oldalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname)
5536 {
5537 #ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR
5538 # if defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV) || defined(PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD)
5539     char *s;
5540 # endif
5541 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV
5542     s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG");
5543     if (s ? atoi(s) : 0)
5544 # endif
5545     {
5546 	/* We can't use SVs or PerlIO for obvious reasons,
5547 	 * so we'll use stdio and low-level IO instead. */
5548 	char buf[PERL_MEM_LOG_SPRINTF_BUF_SIZE];
5549 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5550 	struct timeval tv;
5551 	gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
5552 # endif
5553 	{
5554 	    const STRLEN len =
5555 		my_snprintf(buf,
5556 			    sizeof(buf),
5557 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5558 			    "%10d.%06d: "
5559 # endif
5560 			    "free: %s:%d:%s: %"UVxf"\n",
5561 #  ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_TIMESTAMP
5562 			    (int)tv.tv_sec, (int)tv.tv_usec,
5563 # endif
5564 			    filename, linenumber, funcname,
5565 			    PTR2UV(oldalloc));
5566 # ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG_ENV_FD
5567 	    s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MEM_LOG_FD");
5568 	    PerlLIO_write(s ? atoi(s) : PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5569 # else
5570 	    PerlLIO_write(PERL_MEM_LOG_FD, buf, len);
5571 # endif
5572 	}
5573     }
5574 #endif
5575     return oldalloc;
5576 }
5577 
5578 #endif /* PERL_MEM_LOG */
5579 
5580 /*
5581 =for apidoc my_sprintf
5582 
5583 The C library C<sprintf>, wrapped if necessary, to ensure that it will return
5584 the length of the string written to the buffer. Only rare pre-ANSI systems
5585 need the wrapper function - usually this is a direct call to C<sprintf>.
5586 
5587 =cut
5588 */
5589 #ifndef SPRINTF_RETURNS_STRLEN
5590 int
5591 Perl_my_sprintf(char *buffer, const char* pat, ...)
5592 {
5593     va_list args;
5594     va_start(args, pat);
5595     vsprintf(buffer, pat, args);
5596     va_end(args);
5597     return strlen(buffer);
5598 }
5599 #endif
5600 
5601 /*
5602 =for apidoc my_snprintf
5603 
5604 The C library C<snprintf> functionality, if available and
5605 standards-compliant (uses C<vsnprintf>, actually).  However, if the
5606 C<vsnprintf> is not available, will unfortunately use the unsafe
5607 C<vsprintf> which can overrun the buffer (there is an overrun check,
5608 but that may be too late).  Consider using C<sv_vcatpvf> instead, or
5609 getting C<vsnprintf>.
5610 
5611 =cut
5612 */
5613 int
5614 Perl_my_snprintf(char *buffer, const Size_t len, const char *format, ...)
5615 {
5616     dTHX;
5617     int retval;
5618     va_list ap;
5619     va_start(ap, format);
5620 #ifdef HAS_VSNPRINTF
5621     retval = vsnprintf(buffer, len, format, ap);
5622 #else
5623     retval = vsprintf(buffer, format, ap);
5624 #endif
5625     va_end(ap);
5626     /* vsnprintf() shows failure with >= len, vsprintf() with < 0 */
5627     if (retval < 0 || (len > 0 && (Size_t)retval >= len))
5628 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: my_snprintf buffer overflow");
5629     return retval;
5630 }
5631 
5632 /*
5633 =for apidoc my_vsnprintf
5634 
5635 The C library C<vsnprintf> if available and standards-compliant.
5636 However, if if the C<vsnprintf> is not available, will unfortunately
5637 use the unsafe C<vsprintf> which can overrun the buffer (there is an
5638 overrun check, but that may be too late).  Consider using
5639 C<sv_vcatpvf> instead, or getting C<vsnprintf>.
5640 
5641 =cut
5642 */
5643 int
5644 Perl_my_vsnprintf(char *buffer, const Size_t len, const char *format, va_list ap)
5645 {
5646     dTHX;
5647     int retval;
5648 #ifdef NEED_VA_COPY
5649     va_list apc;
5650     Perl_va_copy(ap, apc);
5651 # ifdef HAS_VSNPRINTF
5652     retval = vsnprintf(buffer, len, format, apc);
5653 # else
5654     retval = vsprintf(buffer, format, apc);
5655 # endif
5656 #else
5657 # ifdef HAS_VSNPRINTF
5658     retval = vsnprintf(buffer, len, format, ap);
5659 # else
5660     retval = vsprintf(buffer, format, ap);
5661 # endif
5662 #endif /* #ifdef NEED_VA_COPY */
5663     /* vsnprintf() shows failure with >= len, vsprintf() with < 0 */
5664     if (retval < 0 || (len > 0 && (Size_t)retval >= len))
5665 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: my_vsnprintf buffer overflow");
5666     return retval;
5667 }
5668 
5669 void
5670 Perl_my_clearenv(pTHX)
5671 {
5672     dVAR;
5673 #if ! defined(PERL_MICRO)
5674 #  if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS) || defined(WIN32)
5675     PerlEnv_clearenv();
5676 #  else /* ! (PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS || WIN32) */
5677 #    if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY)
5678 #      if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
5679     /* only the parent thread can clobber the process environment */
5680     if (PL_curinterp == aTHX)
5681 #      endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
5682     {
5683 #      if ! defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
5684     if ( !PL_use_safe_putenv) {
5685       I32 i;
5686       if (environ == PL_origenviron)
5687         environ = (char**)safesysmalloc(sizeof(char*));
5688       else
5689         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
5690           (void)safesysfree(environ[i]);
5691     }
5692     environ[0] = NULL;
5693 #      else /* PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
5694 #        if defined(HAS_CLEARENV)
5695     (void)clearenv();
5696 #        elif defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
5697     int bsiz = 80; /* Most envvar names will be shorter than this. */
5698     int bufsiz = bsiz * sizeof(char); /* sizeof(char) paranoid? */
5699     char *buf = (char*)safesysmalloc(bufsiz);
5700     while (*environ != NULL) {
5701       char *e = strchr(*environ, '=');
5702       int l = e ? e - *environ : (int)strlen(*environ);
5703       if (bsiz < l + 1) {
5704         (void)safesysfree(buf);
5705         bsiz = l + 1; /* + 1 for the \0. */
5706         buf = (char*)safesysmalloc(bufsiz);
5707       }
5708       memcpy(buf, *environ, l);
5709       buf[l] = '\0';
5710       (void)unsetenv(buf);
5711     }
5712     (void)safesysfree(buf);
5713 #        else /* ! HAS_CLEARENV && ! HAS_UNSETENV */
5714     /* Just null environ and accept the leakage. */
5715     *environ = NULL;
5716 #        endif /* HAS_CLEARENV || HAS_UNSETENV */
5717 #      endif /* ! PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
5718     }
5719 #    endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
5720 #  endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS || WIN32 */
5721 #endif /* PERL_MICRO */
5722 }
5723 
5724 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
5725 
5726 /* Implements the MY_CXT_INIT macro. The first time a module is loaded,
5727 the global PL_my_cxt_index is incremented, and that value is assigned to
5728 that module's static my_cxt_index (who's address is passed as an arg).
5729 Then, for each interpreter this function is called for, it makes sure a
5730 void* slot is available to hang the static data off, by allocating or
5731 extending the interpreter's PL_my_cxt_list array */
5732 
5733 #ifndef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE
5734 void *
5735 Perl_my_cxt_init(pTHX_ int *index, size_t size)
5736 {
5737     dVAR;
5738     void *p;
5739     if (*index == -1) {
5740 	/* this module hasn't been allocated an index yet */
5741 	MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
5742 	*index = PL_my_cxt_index++;
5743 	MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
5744     }
5745 
5746     /* make sure the array is big enough */
5747     if (PL_my_cxt_size <= *index) {
5748 	if (PL_my_cxt_size) {
5749 	    while (PL_my_cxt_size <= *index)
5750 		PL_my_cxt_size *= 2;
5751 	    Renew(PL_my_cxt_list, PL_my_cxt_size, void *);
5752 	}
5753 	else {
5754 	    PL_my_cxt_size = 16;
5755 	    Newx(PL_my_cxt_list, PL_my_cxt_size, void *);
5756 	}
5757     }
5758     /* newSV() allocates one more than needed */
5759     p = (void*)SvPVX(newSV(size-1));
5760     PL_my_cxt_list[*index] = p;
5761     Zero(p, size, char);
5762     return p;
5763 }
5764 
5765 #else /* #ifndef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE */
5766 
5767 int
5768 Perl_my_cxt_index(pTHX_ const char *my_cxt_key)
5769 {
5770     dVAR;
5771     int index;
5772 
5773     for (index = 0; index < PL_my_cxt_index; index++) {
5774 	const char *key = PL_my_cxt_keys[index];
5775 	/* try direct pointer compare first - there are chances to success,
5776 	 * and it's much faster.
5777 	 */
5778 	if ((key == my_cxt_key) || strEQ(key, my_cxt_key))
5779 	    return index;
5780     }
5781     return -1;
5782 }
5783 
5784 void *
5785 Perl_my_cxt_init(pTHX_ const char *my_cxt_key, size_t size)
5786 {
5787     dVAR;
5788     void *p;
5789     int index;
5790 
5791     index = Perl_my_cxt_index(aTHX_ my_cxt_key);
5792     if (index == -1) {
5793 	/* this module hasn't been allocated an index yet */
5794 	MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
5795 	index = PL_my_cxt_index++;
5796 	MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
5797     }
5798 
5799     /* make sure the array is big enough */
5800     if (PL_my_cxt_size <= index) {
5801 	int old_size = PL_my_cxt_size;
5802 	int i;
5803 	if (PL_my_cxt_size) {
5804 	    while (PL_my_cxt_size <= index)
5805 		PL_my_cxt_size *= 2;
5806 	    Renew(PL_my_cxt_list, PL_my_cxt_size, void *);
5807 	    Renew(PL_my_cxt_keys, PL_my_cxt_size, const char *);
5808 	}
5809 	else {
5810 	    PL_my_cxt_size = 16;
5811 	    Newx(PL_my_cxt_list, PL_my_cxt_size, void *);
5812 	    Newx(PL_my_cxt_keys, PL_my_cxt_size, const char *);
5813 	}
5814 	for (i = old_size; i < PL_my_cxt_size; i++) {
5815 	    PL_my_cxt_keys[i] = 0;
5816 	    PL_my_cxt_list[i] = 0;
5817 	}
5818     }
5819     PL_my_cxt_keys[index] = my_cxt_key;
5820     /* newSV() allocates one more than needed */
5821     p = (void*)SvPVX(newSV(size-1));
5822     PL_my_cxt_list[index] = p;
5823     Zero(p, size, char);
5824     return p;
5825 }
5826 #endif /* #ifndef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE */
5827 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
5828 
5829 #ifndef HAS_STRLCAT
5830 Size_t
5831 Perl_my_strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, Size_t size)
5832 {
5833     Size_t used, length, copy;
5834 
5835     used = strlen(dst);
5836     length = strlen(src);
5837     if (size > 0 && used < size - 1) {
5838         copy = (length >= size - used) ? size - used - 1 : length;
5839         memcpy(dst + used, src, copy);
5840         dst[used + copy] = '\0';
5841     }
5842     return used + length;
5843 }
5844 #endif
5845 
5846 #ifndef HAS_STRLCPY
5847 Size_t
5848 Perl_my_strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, Size_t size)
5849 {
5850     Size_t length, copy;
5851 
5852     length = strlen(src);
5853     if (size > 0) {
5854         copy = (length >= size) ? size - 1 : length;
5855         memcpy(dst, src, copy);
5856         dst[copy] = '\0';
5857     }
5858     return length;
5859 }
5860 #endif
5861 
5862 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1300) && (_MSC_VER < 1400) && (WINVER < 0x0500)
5863 /* VC7 or 7.1, building with pre-VC7 runtime libraries. */
5864 long _ftol( double ); /* Defined by VC6 C libs. */
5865 long _ftol2( double dblSource ) { return _ftol( dblSource ); }
5866 #endif
5867 
5868 void
5869 Perl_get_db_sub(pTHX_ SV **svp, CV *cv)
5870 {
5871     dVAR;
5872     SV * const dbsv = GvSVn(PL_DBsub);
5873     /* We do not care about using sv to call CV;
5874      * it's for informational purposes only.
5875      */
5876 
5877     save_item(dbsv);
5878     if (!PERLDB_SUB_NN) {
5879 	GV * const gv = CvGV(cv);
5880 
5881 	if ( svp && ((CvFLAGS(cv) & (CVf_ANON | CVf_CLONED))
5882 	     || strEQ(GvNAME(gv), "END")
5883 	     || ((GvCV(gv) != cv) && /* Could be imported, and old sub redefined. */
5884 		 !( (SvTYPE(*svp) == SVt_PVGV) && (GvCV((GV*)*svp) == cv) )))) {
5885 	    /* Use GV from the stack as a fallback. */
5886 	    /* GV is potentially non-unique, or contain different CV. */
5887 	    SV * const tmp = newRV((SV*)cv);
5888 	    sv_setsv(dbsv, tmp);
5889 	    SvREFCNT_dec(tmp);
5890 	}
5891 	else {
5892 	    gv_efullname3(dbsv, gv, NULL);
5893 	}
5894     }
5895     else {
5896 	const int type = SvTYPE(dbsv);
5897 	if (type < SVt_PVIV && type != SVt_IV)
5898 	    sv_upgrade(dbsv, SVt_PVIV);
5899 	(void)SvIOK_on(dbsv);
5900 	SvIV_set(dbsv, PTR2IV(cv));	/* Do it the quickest way  */
5901     }
5902 }
5903 
5904 int
5905 Perl_my_dirfd(pTHX_ DIR * dir) {
5906 
5907     /* Most dirfd implementations have problems when passed NULL. */
5908     if(!dir)
5909         return -1;
5910 #ifdef HAS_DIRFD
5911     return dirfd(dir);
5912 #elif defined(HAS_DIR_DD_FD)
5913     return dir->dd_fd;
5914 #else
5915     Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "dirfd");
5916    /* NOT REACHED */
5917     return 0;
5918 #endif
5919 }
5920 
5921 REGEXP *
5922 Perl_get_re_arg(pTHX_ SV *sv) {
5923     SV    *tmpsv;
5924     MAGIC *mg;
5925 
5926     if (sv) {
5927         if (SvMAGICAL(sv))
5928             mg_get(sv);
5929         if (SvROK(sv) &&
5930             (tmpsv = (SV*)SvRV(sv)) &&            /* assign deliberate */
5931             SvTYPE(tmpsv) == SVt_PVMG &&
5932             (mg = mg_find(tmpsv, PERL_MAGIC_qr))) /* assign deliberate */
5933         {
5934             return (REGEXP *)mg->mg_obj;
5935         }
5936     }
5937 
5938     return NULL;
5939 }
5940 
5941 /*
5942  * Local variables:
5943  * c-indentation-style: bsd
5944  * c-basic-offset: 4
5945  * indent-tabs-mode: t
5946  * End:
5947  *
5948  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
5949  */
5950