xref: /openbsd-src/gnu/usr.bin/perl/op.h (revision b2ea75c1b17e1a9a339660e7ed45cd24946b230e)
1 /*    op.h
2  *
3  *    Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
4  *
5  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
7  *
8  */
9 
10 /*
11  * The fields of BASEOP are:
12  *	op_next		Pointer to next ppcode to execute after this one.
13  *			(Top level pre-grafted op points to first op,
14  *			but this is replaced when op is grafted in, when
15  *			this op will point to the real next op, and the new
16  *			parent takes over role of remembering starting op.)
17  *	op_ppaddr	Pointer to current ppcode's function.
18  *	op_type		The type of the operation.
19  *	op_flags	Flags common to all operations.  See OPf_* below.
20  *	op_private	Flags peculiar to a particular operation (BUT,
21  *			by default, set to the number of children until
22  *			the operation is privatized by a check routine,
23  *			which may or may not check number of children).
24  */
25 
26 typedef U32 PADOFFSET;
27 #define NOT_IN_PAD ((PADOFFSET) -1)
28 
29 #ifdef DEBUGGING_OPS
30 #define OPCODE opcode
31 #else
32 #define OPCODE U16
33 #endif
34 
35 #ifdef BASEOP_DEFINITION
36 #define BASEOP BASEOP_DEFINITION
37 #else
38 #define BASEOP				\
39     OP*		op_next;		\
40     OP*		op_sibling;		\
41     OP*		(CPERLscope(*op_ppaddr))(pTHX);		\
42     PADOFFSET	op_targ;		\
43     OPCODE	op_type;		\
44     U16		op_seq;			\
45     U8		op_flags;		\
46     U8		op_private;
47 #endif
48 
49 #define OP_GIMME(op,dfl) \
50 	(((op)->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_VOID   ? G_VOID   : \
51 	 ((op)->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR ? G_SCALAR : \
52 	 ((op)->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST   ? G_ARRAY   : \
53 	 dfl)
54 
55 /*
56 =for apidoc Amn|U32|GIMME_V
57 The XSUB-writer's equivalent to Perl's C<wantarray>.  Returns C<G_VOID>,
58 C<G_SCALAR> or C<G_ARRAY> for void, scalar or list context,
59 respectively.
60 
61 =for apidoc Amn|U32|GIMME
62 A backward-compatible version of C<GIMME_V> which can only return
63 C<G_SCALAR> or C<G_ARRAY>; in a void context, it returns C<G_SCALAR>.
64 Deprecated.  Use C<GIMME_V> instead.
65 
66 =cut
67 */
68 
69 #define GIMME_V		OP_GIMME(PL_op, block_gimme())
70 
71 /* Public flags */
72 
73 #define OPf_WANT	3	/* Mask for "want" bits: */
74 #define  OPf_WANT_VOID	 1	/*   Want nothing */
75 #define  OPf_WANT_SCALAR 2	/*   Want single value */
76 #define  OPf_WANT_LIST	 3	/*   Want list of any length */
77 #define OPf_KIDS	4	/* There is a firstborn child. */
78 #define OPf_PARENS	8	/* This operator was parenthesized. */
79 				/*  (Or block needs explicit scope entry.) */
80 #define OPf_REF		16	/* Certified reference. */
81 				/*  (Return container, not containee). */
82 #define OPf_MOD		32	/* Will modify (lvalue). */
83 #define OPf_STACKED	64	/* Some arg is arriving on the stack. */
84 #define OPf_SPECIAL	128	/* Do something weird for this op: */
85 				/*  On local LVAL, don't init local value. */
86 				/*  On OP_SORT, subroutine is inlined. */
87 				/*  On OP_NOT, inversion was implicit. */
88 				/*  On OP_LEAVE, don't restore curpm. */
89 				/*  On truncate, we truncate filehandle */
90 				/*  On control verbs, we saw no label */
91 				/*  On flipflop, we saw ... instead of .. */
92 				/*  On UNOPs, saw bare parens, e.g. eof(). */
93 				/*  On OP_ENTERSUB || OP_NULL, saw a "do". */
94 				/*  On OP_EXISTS, treat av as av, not avhv.  */
95 				/*  On OP_(ENTER|LEAVE)EVAL, don't clear $@ */
96 				/*  On OP_ENTERITER, loop var is per-thread */
97 				/*  On pushre, re is /\s+/ imp. by split " " */
98 				/*  On regcomp, "use re 'eval'" was in scope */
99 
100 /* old names; don't use in new code, but don't break them, either */
101 #define OPf_LIST	OPf_WANT_LIST
102 #define OPf_KNOW	OPf_WANT
103 
104 #define GIMME \
105 	  (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_WANT					\
106 	   ? ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST		\
107 	      ? G_ARRAY							\
108 	      : G_SCALAR)						\
109 	   : dowantarray())
110 
111 /* NOTE: OP_NEXTSTATE, OP_DBSTATE, and OP_SETSTATE (i.e. COPs) carry lower
112  * bits of PL_hints in op_private */
113 
114 /* Private for lvalues */
115 #define OPpLVAL_INTRO	128	/* Lvalue must be localized or lvalue sub */
116 
117 /* Private for OP_LEAVE, OP_LEAVESUB, OP_LEAVESUBLV and OP_LEAVEWRITE */
118 #define OPpREFCOUNTED		64	/* op_targ carries a refcount */
119 
120 /* Private for OP_AASSIGN */
121 #define OPpASSIGN_COMMON	64	/* Left & right have syms in common. */
122 #define OPpASSIGN_HASH		32	/* Assigning to possible pseudohash. */
123 
124 /* Private for OP_SASSIGN */
125 #define OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS	64	/* Left & right switched. */
126 
127 /* Private for OP_MATCH and OP_SUBST{,CONST} */
128 #define OPpRUNTIME		64	/* Pattern coming in on the stack */
129 
130 /* Private for OP_TRANS */
131 #define OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF	1
132 #define OPpTRANS_TO_UTF		2
133 #define OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL	4	/* right side is same as left */
134 #define OPpTRANS_SQUASH		8
135 #define OPpTRANS_DELETE		16
136 #define OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT	32
137 #define OPpTRANS_GROWS		64
138 
139 /* Private for OP_REPEAT */
140 #define OPpREPEAT_DOLIST	64	/* List replication. */
141 
142 /* Private for OP_RV2?V, OP_?ELEM */
143 #define OPpDEREF		(32|64)	/* Want ref to something: */
144 #define OPpDEREF_AV		32	/*   Want ref to AV. */
145 #define OPpDEREF_HV		64	/*   Want ref to HV. */
146 #define OPpDEREF_SV		(32|64)	/*   Want ref to SV. */
147   /* OP_ENTERSUB only */
148 #define OPpENTERSUB_DB		16	/* Debug subroutine. */
149 #define OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG	32	/* Called from OP tree. */
150   /* OP_RV2CV only */
151 #define OPpENTERSUB_AMPER	8	/* Used & form to call. */
152 #define OPpENTERSUB_NOPAREN	128	/* bare sub call (without parens) */
153 #define OPpENTERSUB_INARGS	4	/* Lval used as arg to a sub. */
154   /* OP_GV only */
155 #define OPpEARLY_CV		32	/* foo() called before sub foo was parsed */
156   /* OP_?ELEM only */
157 #define OPpLVAL_DEFER		16	/* Defer creation of array/hash elem */
158   /* OP_RV2?V, OP_GVSV only */
159 #define OPpOUR_INTRO		16	/* Variable was in an our() */
160   /* OP_RV2[AH]V, OP_PAD[AH]V, OP_[AH]ELEM */
161 #define OPpMAYBE_LVSUB		8	/* We might be an lvalue to return */
162   /* for OP_RV2?V, lower bits carry hints (currently only HINT_STRICT_REFS) */
163 
164 /* Private for OPs with TARGLEX */
165   /* (lower bits may carry MAXARG) */
166 #define OPpTARGET_MY		16	/* Target is PADMY. */
167 
168 /* Private for OP_CONST */
169 #define	OPpCONST_STRICT		8	/* bearword subject to strict 'subs' */
170 #define OPpCONST_ENTERED	16	/* Has been entered as symbol. */
171 #define OPpCONST_ARYBASE	32	/* Was a $[ translated to constant. */
172 #define OPpCONST_BARE		64	/* Was a bare word (filehandle?). */
173 #define OPpCONST_WARNING	128	/* Was a $^W translated to constant. */
174 
175 /* Private for OP_FLIP/FLOP */
176 #define OPpFLIP_LINENUM		64	/* Range arg potentially a line num. */
177 
178 /* Private for OP_LIST */
179 #define OPpLIST_GUESSED		64	/* Guessed that pushmark was needed. */
180 
181 /* Private for OP_DELETE */
182 #define OPpSLICE		64	/* Operating on a list of keys */
183 
184 /* Private for OP_EXISTS */
185 #define OPpEXISTS_SUB		64	/* Checking for &sub, not {} or [].  */
186 
187 /* Private for OP_SORT, OP_PRTF, OP_SPRINTF, OP_FTTEXT, OP_FTBINARY, */
188 /*             string comparisons, and case changers. */
189 #define OPpLOCALE		64	/* Use locale */
190 
191 /* Private for OP_SORT */
192 #define OPpSORT_NUMERIC		1	/* Optimized away { $a <=> $b } */
193 #define OPpSORT_INTEGER		2	/* Ditto while under "use integer" */
194 #define OPpSORT_REVERSE		4	/* Descending sort */
195 /* Private for OP_THREADSV */
196 #define OPpDONE_SVREF		64	/* Been through newSVREF once */
197 
198 /* Private for OP_OPEN and OP_BACKTICK */
199 #define OPpOPEN_IN_RAW		16	/* binmode(F,":raw") on input fh */
200 #define OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF		32	/* binmode(F,":crlf") on input fh */
201 #define OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW		64	/* binmode(F,":raw") on output fh */
202 #define OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF	128	/* binmode(F,":crlf") on output fh */
203 
204 /* Private for OP_EXIT */
205 #define OPpEXIT_VMSISH		128	/* exit(0) vs. exit(1) vmsish mode*/
206 
207 struct op {
208     BASEOP
209 };
210 
211 struct unop {
212     BASEOP
213     OP *	op_first;
214 };
215 
216 struct binop {
217     BASEOP
218     OP *	op_first;
219     OP *	op_last;
220 };
221 
222 struct logop {
223     BASEOP
224     OP *	op_first;
225     OP *	op_other;
226 };
227 
228 struct listop {
229     BASEOP
230     OP *	op_first;
231     OP *	op_last;
232 };
233 
234 struct pmop {
235     BASEOP
236     OP *	op_first;
237     OP *	op_last;
238     OP *	op_pmreplroot;
239     OP *	op_pmreplstart;
240     PMOP *	op_pmnext;		/* list of all scanpats */
241     REGEXP *	op_pmregexp;		/* compiled expression */
242     U16		op_pmflags;
243     U16		op_pmpermflags;
244     U8		op_pmdynflags;
245 };
246 
247 #define PMdf_USED	0x01		/* pm has been used once already */
248 #define PMdf_TAINTED	0x02		/* pm compiled from tainted pattern */
249 #define PMdf_UTF8	0x04		/* pm compiled from utf8 data */
250 
251 #define PMf_RETAINT	0x0001		/* taint $1 etc. if target tainted */
252 #define PMf_ONCE	0x0002		/* use pattern only once per reset */
253 #define PMf_REVERSED	0x0004		/* Should be matched right->left */
254 #define PMf_MAYBE_CONST	0x0008		/* replacement contains variables */
255 #define PMf_SKIPWHITE	0x0010		/* skip leading whitespace for split */
256 #define PMf_WHITE	0x0020		/* pattern is \s+ */
257 #define PMf_CONST	0x0040		/* subst replacement is constant */
258 #define PMf_KEEP	0x0080		/* keep 1st runtime pattern forever */
259 #define PMf_GLOBAL	0x0100		/* pattern had a g modifier */
260 #define PMf_CONTINUE	0x0200		/* don't reset pos() if //g fails */
261 #define PMf_EVAL	0x0400		/* evaluating replacement as expr */
262 #define PMf_LOCALE	0x0800		/* use locale for character types */
263 #define PMf_MULTILINE	0x1000		/* assume multiple lines */
264 #define PMf_SINGLELINE	0x2000		/* assume single line */
265 #define PMf_FOLD	0x4000		/* case insensitivity */
266 #define PMf_EXTENDED	0x8000		/* chuck embedded whitespace */
267 
268 /* mask of bits stored in regexp->reganch */
269 #define PMf_COMPILETIME	(PMf_MULTILINE|PMf_SINGLELINE|PMf_LOCALE|PMf_FOLD|PMf_EXTENDED)
270 
271 struct svop {
272     BASEOP
273     SV *	op_sv;
274 };
275 
276 struct padop {
277     BASEOP
278     PADOFFSET	op_padix;
279 };
280 
281 struct pvop {
282     BASEOP
283     char *	op_pv;
284 };
285 
286 struct loop {
287     BASEOP
288     OP *	op_first;
289     OP *	op_last;
290     OP *	op_redoop;
291     OP *	op_nextop;
292     OP *	op_lastop;
293 };
294 
295 #define cUNOPx(o)	((UNOP*)o)
296 #define cBINOPx(o)	((BINOP*)o)
297 #define cLISTOPx(o)	((LISTOP*)o)
298 #define cLOGOPx(o)	((LOGOP*)o)
299 #define cPMOPx(o)	((PMOP*)o)
300 #define cSVOPx(o)	((SVOP*)o)
301 #define cPADOPx(o)	((PADOP*)o)
302 #define cPVOPx(o)	((PVOP*)o)
303 #define cCOPx(o)	((COP*)o)
304 #define cLOOPx(o)	((LOOP*)o)
305 
306 #define cUNOP		cUNOPx(PL_op)
307 #define cBINOP		cBINOPx(PL_op)
308 #define cLISTOP		cLISTOPx(PL_op)
309 #define cLOGOP		cLOGOPx(PL_op)
310 #define cPMOP		cPMOPx(PL_op)
311 #define cSVOP		cSVOPx(PL_op)
312 #define cPADOP		cPADOPx(PL_op)
313 #define cPVOP		cPVOPx(PL_op)
314 #define cCOP		cCOPx(PL_op)
315 #define cLOOP		cLOOPx(PL_op)
316 
317 #define cUNOPo		cUNOPx(o)
318 #define cBINOPo		cBINOPx(o)
319 #define cLISTOPo	cLISTOPx(o)
320 #define cLOGOPo		cLOGOPx(o)
321 #define cPMOPo		cPMOPx(o)
322 #define cSVOPo		cSVOPx(o)
323 #define cPADOPo		cPADOPx(o)
324 #define cPVOPo		cPVOPx(o)
325 #define cCOPo		cCOPx(o)
326 #define cLOOPo		cLOOPx(o)
327 
328 #define kUNOP		cUNOPx(kid)
329 #define kBINOP		cBINOPx(kid)
330 #define kLISTOP		cLISTOPx(kid)
331 #define kLOGOP		cLOGOPx(kid)
332 #define kPMOP		cPMOPx(kid)
333 #define kSVOP		cSVOPx(kid)
334 #define kPADOP		cPADOPx(kid)
335 #define kPVOP		cPVOPx(kid)
336 #define kCOP		cCOPx(kid)
337 #define kLOOP		cLOOPx(kid)
338 
339 
340 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
341 #  define	cGVOPx_gv(o)	((GV*)PL_curpad[cPADOPx(o)->op_padix])
342 #  define	IS_PADGV(v)	(v && SvTYPE(v) == SVt_PVGV && GvIN_PAD(v))
343 #  define	IS_PADCONST(v)	(v && SvREADONLY(v))
344 #  define	cSVOPx_sv(v)	(cSVOPx(v)->op_sv \
345 				 ? cSVOPx(v)->op_sv : PL_curpad[(v)->op_targ])
346 #  define	cSVOPx_svp(v)	(cSVOPx(v)->op_sv \
347 				 ? &cSVOPx(v)->op_sv : &PL_curpad[(v)->op_targ])
348 #else
349 #  define	cGVOPx_gv(o)	((GV*)cSVOPx(o)->op_sv)
350 #  define	IS_PADGV(v)	FALSE
351 #  define	IS_PADCONST(v)	FALSE
352 #  define	cSVOPx_sv(v)	(cSVOPx(v)->op_sv)
353 #  define	cSVOPx_svp(v)	(&cSVOPx(v)->op_sv)
354 #endif
355 
356 #define	cGVOP_gv		cGVOPx_gv(PL_op)
357 #define	cGVOPo_gv		cGVOPx_gv(o)
358 #define	kGVOP_gv		cGVOPx_gv(kid)
359 #define cSVOP_sv		cSVOPx_sv(PL_op)
360 #define cSVOPo_sv		cSVOPx_sv(o)
361 #define kSVOP_sv		cSVOPx_sv(kid)
362 
363 #define Nullop Null(OP*)
364 
365 /* Lowest byte of PL_opargs */
366 #define OA_MARK 1
367 #define OA_FOLDCONST 2
368 #define OA_RETSCALAR 4
369 #define OA_TARGET 8
370 #define OA_RETINTEGER 16
371 #define OA_OTHERINT 32
372 #define OA_DANGEROUS 64
373 #define OA_DEFGV 128
374 #define OA_TARGLEX 256
375 
376 /* The next 4 bits encode op class information */
377 #define OCSHIFT 9
378 
379 #define OA_CLASS_MASK (15 << OCSHIFT)
380 
381 #define OA_BASEOP (0 << OCSHIFT)
382 #define OA_UNOP (1 << OCSHIFT)
383 #define OA_BINOP (2 << OCSHIFT)
384 #define OA_LOGOP (3 << OCSHIFT)
385 #define OA_LISTOP (4 << OCSHIFT)
386 #define OA_PMOP (5 << OCSHIFT)
387 #define OA_SVOP (6 << OCSHIFT)
388 #define OA_PADOP (7 << OCSHIFT)
389 #define OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP (8 << OCSHIFT)
390 #define OA_LOOP (9 << OCSHIFT)
391 #define OA_COP (10 << OCSHIFT)
392 #define OA_BASEOP_OR_UNOP (11 << OCSHIFT)
393 #define OA_FILESTATOP (12 << OCSHIFT)
394 #define OA_LOOPEXOP (13 << OCSHIFT)
395 
396 #define OASHIFT 13
397 
398 /* Remaining nybbles of PL_opargs */
399 #define OA_SCALAR 1
400 #define OA_LIST 2
401 #define OA_AVREF 3
402 #define OA_HVREF 4
403 #define OA_CVREF 5
404 #define OA_FILEREF 6
405 #define OA_SCALARREF 7
406 #define OA_OPTIONAL 8
407 
408 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
409 #  define OP_REFCNT_INIT		MUTEX_INIT(&PL_op_mutex)
410 #  define OP_REFCNT_LOCK		MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_op_mutex)
411 #  define OP_REFCNT_UNLOCK		MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_op_mutex)
412 #  define OP_REFCNT_TERM		MUTEX_DESTROY(&PL_op_mutex)
413 #else
414 #  define OP_REFCNT_INIT		NOOP
415 #  define OP_REFCNT_LOCK		NOOP
416 #  define OP_REFCNT_UNLOCK		NOOP
417 #  define OP_REFCNT_TERM		NOOP
418 #endif
419 
420 #define OpREFCNT_set(o,n)		((o)->op_targ = (n))
421 #define OpREFCNT_inc(o)			((o) ? (++(o)->op_targ, (o)) : Nullop)
422 #define OpREFCNT_dec(o)			(--(o)->op_targ)
423 
424 /* flags used by Perl_load_module() */
425 #define PERL_LOADMOD_DENY		0x1
426 #define PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT		0x2
427 #define PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS		0x4
428