xref: /openbsd-src/gnu/usr.bin/perl/hv.h (revision d13be5d47e4149db2549a9828e244d59dbc43f15)
1 /*    hv.h
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4  *    2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 /* entry in hash value chain */
12 struct he {
13     /* Keep hent_next first in this structure, because sv_free_arenas take
14        advantage of this to share code between the he arenas and the SV
15        body arenas  */
16     HE		*hent_next;	/* next entry in chain */
17     HEK		*hent_hek;	/* hash key */
18     union {
19 	SV	*hent_val;	/* scalar value that was hashed */
20 	Size_t	hent_refcount;	/* references for this shared hash key */
21     } he_valu;
22 };
23 
24 /* hash key -- defined separately for use as shared pointer */
25 struct hek {
26     U32		hek_hash;	/* hash of key */
27     I32		hek_len;	/* length of hash key */
28     char	hek_key[1];	/* variable-length hash key */
29     /* the hash-key is \0-terminated */
30     /* after the \0 there is a byte for flags, such as whether the key
31        is UTF-8 */
32 };
33 
34 struct shared_he {
35     struct he shared_he_he;
36     struct hek shared_he_hek;
37 };
38 
39 /* Subject to change.
40    Don't access this directly.
41    Use the funcs in mro.c
42 */
43 
44 struct mro_alg {
45     AV *(*resolve)(pTHX_ HV* stash, U32 level);
46     const char *name;
47     U16 length;
48     U16	kflags;	/* For the hash API - set HVhek_UTF8 if name is UTF-8 */
49     U32 hash; /* or 0 */
50 };
51 
52 struct mro_meta {
53     /* a hash holding the different MROs private data.  */
54     HV      *mro_linear_all;
55     /* a pointer directly to the current MROs private data.  If mro_linear_all
56        is NULL, this owns the SV reference, else it is just a pointer to a
57        value stored in and owned by mro_linear_all.  */
58     SV      *mro_linear_current;
59     HV      *mro_nextmethod; /* next::method caching */
60     U32     cache_gen;       /* Bumping this invalidates our method cache */
61     U32     pkg_gen;         /* Bumps when local methods/@ISA change */
62     const struct mro_alg *mro_which; /* which mro alg is in use? */
63     HV      *isa;            /* Everything this class @ISA */
64 };
65 
66 #define MRO_GET_PRIVATE_DATA(smeta, which)		   \
67     (((smeta)->mro_which && (which) == (smeta)->mro_which) \
68      ? (smeta)->mro_linear_current			   \
69      : Perl_mro_get_private_data(aTHX_ (smeta), (which)))
70 
71 /* Subject to change.
72    Don't access this directly.
73 */
74 
75 struct xpvhv_aux {
76     HEK		*xhv_name;	/* name, if a symbol table */
77     AV		*xhv_backreferences; /* back references for weak references */
78     HE		*xhv_eiter;	/* current entry of iterator */
79     I32		xhv_riter;	/* current root of iterator */
80     struct mro_meta *xhv_mro_meta;
81 };
82 
83 /* hash structure: */
84 /* This structure must match the beginning of struct xpvmg in sv.h. */
85 struct xpvhv {
86     union _xnvu xnv_u;
87     STRLEN      xhv_fill;       /* how full xhv_array currently is */
88     STRLEN      xhv_max;        /* subscript of last element of xhv_array */
89     _XPVMG_HEAD;
90 };
91 
92 #define xhv_keys xiv_u.xivu_iv
93 
94 /* hash a key */
95 /* FYI: This is the "One-at-a-Time" algorithm by Bob Jenkins
96  * from requirements by Colin Plumb.
97  * (http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/doobs.html) */
98 /* The use of a temporary pointer and the casting games
99  * is needed to serve the dual purposes of
100  * (a) the hashed data being interpreted as "unsigned char" (new since 5.8,
101  *     a "char" can be either signed or unsigned, depending on the compiler)
102  * (b) catering for old code that uses a "char"
103  *
104  * The "hash seed" feature was added in Perl 5.8.1 to perturb the results
105  * to avoid "algorithmic complexity attacks".
106  *
107  * If USE_HASH_SEED is defined, hash randomisation is done by default
108  * If USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT is defined, hash randomisation is done
109  * only if the environment variable PERL_HASH_SEED is set.
110  * For maximal control, one can define PERL_HASH_SEED.
111  * (see also perl.c:perl_parse()).
112  */
113 #ifndef PERL_HASH_SEED
114 #   if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
115 #       define PERL_HASH_SEED	PL_hash_seed
116 #   else
117 #       define PERL_HASH_SEED	0
118 #   endif
119 #endif
120 #define PERL_HASH(hash,str,len) \
121      STMT_START	{ \
122 	register const char * const s_PeRlHaSh_tmp = str; \
123 	register const unsigned char *s_PeRlHaSh = (const unsigned char *)s_PeRlHaSh_tmp; \
124 	register I32 i_PeRlHaSh = len; \
125 	register U32 hash_PeRlHaSh = PERL_HASH_SEED; \
126 	while (i_PeRlHaSh--) { \
127 	    hash_PeRlHaSh += *s_PeRlHaSh++; \
128 	    hash_PeRlHaSh += (hash_PeRlHaSh << 10); \
129 	    hash_PeRlHaSh ^= (hash_PeRlHaSh >> 6); \
130 	} \
131 	hash_PeRlHaSh += (hash_PeRlHaSh << 3); \
132 	hash_PeRlHaSh ^= (hash_PeRlHaSh >> 11); \
133 	(hash) = (hash_PeRlHaSh + (hash_PeRlHaSh << 15)); \
134     } STMT_END
135 
136 /* Only hv.c and mod_perl should be doing this.  */
137 #ifdef PERL_HASH_INTERNAL_ACCESS
138 #define PERL_HASH_INTERNAL(hash,str,len) \
139      STMT_START	{ \
140 	register const char * const s_PeRlHaSh_tmp = str; \
141 	register const unsigned char *s_PeRlHaSh = (const unsigned char *)s_PeRlHaSh_tmp; \
142 	register I32 i_PeRlHaSh = len; \
143 	register U32 hash_PeRlHaSh = PL_rehash_seed; \
144 	while (i_PeRlHaSh--) { \
145 	    hash_PeRlHaSh += *s_PeRlHaSh++; \
146 	    hash_PeRlHaSh += (hash_PeRlHaSh << 10); \
147 	    hash_PeRlHaSh ^= (hash_PeRlHaSh >> 6); \
148 	} \
149 	hash_PeRlHaSh += (hash_PeRlHaSh << 3); \
150 	hash_PeRlHaSh ^= (hash_PeRlHaSh >> 11); \
151 	(hash) = (hash_PeRlHaSh + (hash_PeRlHaSh << 15)); \
152     } STMT_END
153 #endif
154 
155 /*
156 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
157 
158 =for apidoc AmU||HEf_SVKEY
159 This flag, used in the length slot of hash entries and magic structures,
160 specifies the structure contains an C<SV*> pointer where a C<char*> pointer
161 is to be expected. (For information only--not to be used).
162 
163 =head1 Handy Values
164 
165 =for apidoc AmU||Nullhv
166 Null HV pointer.
167 
168 (deprecated - use C<(HV *)NULL> instead)
169 
170 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
171 
172 =for apidoc Am|char*|HvNAME|HV* stash
173 Returns the package name of a stash, or NULL if C<stash> isn't a stash.
174 See C<SvSTASH>, C<CvSTASH>.
175 
176 =for apidoc Am|void*|HeKEY|HE* he
177 Returns the actual pointer stored in the key slot of the hash entry. The
178 pointer may be either C<char*> or C<SV*>, depending on the value of
179 C<HeKLEN()>.  Can be assigned to.  The C<HePV()> or C<HeSVKEY()> macros are
180 usually preferable for finding the value of a key.
181 
182 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|HeKLEN|HE* he
183 If this is negative, and amounts to C<HEf_SVKEY>, it indicates the entry
184 holds an C<SV*> key.  Otherwise, holds the actual length of the key.  Can
185 be assigned to. The C<HePV()> macro is usually preferable for finding key
186 lengths.
187 
188 =for apidoc Am|SV*|HeVAL|HE* he
189 Returns the value slot (type C<SV*>) stored in the hash entry.
190 
191 =for apidoc Am|U32|HeHASH|HE* he
192 Returns the computed hash stored in the hash entry.
193 
194 =for apidoc Am|char*|HePV|HE* he|STRLEN len
195 Returns the key slot of the hash entry as a C<char*> value, doing any
196 necessary dereferencing of possibly C<SV*> keys.  The length of the string
197 is placed in C<len> (this is a macro, so do I<not> use C<&len>).  If you do
198 not care about what the length of the key is, you may use the global
199 variable C<PL_na>, though this is rather less efficient than using a local
200 variable.  Remember though, that hash keys in perl are free to contain
201 embedded nulls, so using C<strlen()> or similar is not a good way to find
202 the length of hash keys. This is very similar to the C<SvPV()> macro
203 described elsewhere in this document. See also C<HeUTF8>.
204 
205 If you are using C<HePV> to get values to pass to C<newSVpvn()> to create a
206 new SV, you should consider using C<newSVhek(HeKEY_hek(he))> as it is more
207 efficient.
208 
209 =for apidoc Am|char*|HeUTF8|HE* he
210 Returns whether the C<char *> value returned by C<HePV> is encoded in UTF-8,
211 doing any necessary dereferencing of possibly C<SV*> keys.  The value returned
212 will be 0 or non-0, not necessarily 1 (or even a value with any low bits set),
213 so B<do not> blindly assign this to a C<bool> variable, as C<bool> may be a
214 typedef for C<char>.
215 
216 =for apidoc Am|SV*|HeSVKEY|HE* he
217 Returns the key as an C<SV*>, or C<NULL> if the hash entry does not
218 contain an C<SV*> key.
219 
220 =for apidoc Am|SV*|HeSVKEY_force|HE* he
221 Returns the key as an C<SV*>.  Will create and return a temporary mortal
222 C<SV*> if the hash entry contains only a C<char*> key.
223 
224 =for apidoc Am|SV*|HeSVKEY_set|HE* he|SV* sv
225 Sets the key to a given C<SV*>, taking care to set the appropriate flags to
226 indicate the presence of an C<SV*> key, and returns the same
227 C<SV*>.
228 
229 =cut
230 */
231 
232 /* these hash entry flags ride on hent_klen (for use only in magic/tied HVs) */
233 #define HEf_SVKEY	-2	/* hent_key is an SV* */
234 
235 #ifndef PERL_CORE
236 #  define Nullhv Null(HV*)
237 #endif
238 #define HvARRAY(hv)	((hv)->sv_u.svu_hash)
239 #define HvFILL(hv)	((XPVHV*)  SvANY(hv))->xhv_fill
240 #define HvMAX(hv)	((XPVHV*)  SvANY(hv))->xhv_max
241 /* This quite intentionally does no flag checking first. That's your
242    responsibility.  */
243 #define HvAUX(hv)	((struct xpvhv_aux*)&(HvARRAY(hv)[HvMAX(hv)+1]))
244 #define HvRITER(hv)	(*Perl_hv_riter_p(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv)))
245 #define HvEITER(hv)	(*Perl_hv_eiter_p(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv)))
246 #define HvRITER_set(hv,r)	Perl_hv_riter_set(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv), r)
247 #define HvEITER_set(hv,e)	Perl_hv_eiter_set(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv), e)
248 #define HvRITER_get(hv)	(SvOOK(hv) ? HvAUX(hv)->xhv_riter : -1)
249 #define HvEITER_get(hv)	(SvOOK(hv) ? HvAUX(hv)->xhv_eiter : NULL)
250 #define HvNAME(hv)	HvNAME_get(hv)
251 
252 /* Checking that hv is a valid package stash is the
253    caller's responsibility */
254 #define HvMROMETA(hv) (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_mro_meta \
255                        ? HvAUX(hv)->xhv_mro_meta \
256                        : Perl_mro_meta_init(aTHX_ hv))
257 
258 /* FIXME - all of these should use a UTF8 aware API, which should also involve
259    getting the length. */
260 /* This macro may go away without notice.  */
261 #define HvNAME_HEK(hv) (SvOOK(hv) ? HvAUX(hv)->xhv_name : NULL)
262 #define HvNAME_get(hv)	((SvOOK(hv) && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_name)) \
263 			 ? HEK_KEY(HvAUX(hv)->xhv_name) : NULL)
264 #define HvNAMELEN_get(hv)	((SvOOK(hv) && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_name)) \
265 				 ? HEK_LEN(HvAUX(hv)->xhv_name) : 0)
266 
267 /* the number of keys (including any placeholers) */
268 #define XHvTOTALKEYS(xhv)	((xhv)->xhv_keys)
269 
270 /*
271  * HvKEYS gets the number of keys that actually exist(), and is provided
272  * for backwards compatibility with old XS code. The core uses HvUSEDKEYS
273  * (keys, excluding placeholdes) and HvTOTALKEYS (including placeholders)
274  */
275 #define HvKEYS(hv)		HvUSEDKEYS(hv)
276 #define HvUSEDKEYS(hv)		(HvTOTALKEYS(hv) - HvPLACEHOLDERS_get(hv))
277 #define HvTOTALKEYS(hv)		XHvTOTALKEYS((XPVHV*)  SvANY(hv))
278 #define HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv)	(*Perl_hv_placeholders_p(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv)))
279 #define HvPLACEHOLDERS_get(hv)	(SvMAGIC(hv) ? Perl_hv_placeholders_get(aTHX_ (const HV *)hv) : 0)
280 #define HvPLACEHOLDERS_set(hv,p)	Perl_hv_placeholders_set(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(hv), p)
281 
282 #define HvSHAREKEYS(hv)		(SvFLAGS(hv) & SVphv_SHAREKEYS)
283 #define HvSHAREKEYS_on(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) |= SVphv_SHAREKEYS)
284 #define HvSHAREKEYS_off(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) &= ~SVphv_SHAREKEYS)
285 
286 /* This is an optimisation flag. It won't be set if all hash keys have a 0
287  * flag. Currently the only flags relate to utf8.
288  * Hence it won't be set if all keys are 8 bit only. It will be set if any key
289  * is utf8 (including 8 bit keys that were entered as utf8, and need upgrading
290  * when retrieved during iteration. It may still be set when there are no longer
291  * any utf8 keys.
292  * See HVhek_ENABLEHVKFLAGS for the trigger.
293  */
294 #define HvHASKFLAGS(hv)		(SvFLAGS(hv) & SVphv_HASKFLAGS)
295 #define HvHASKFLAGS_on(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) |= SVphv_HASKFLAGS)
296 #define HvHASKFLAGS_off(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) &= ~SVphv_HASKFLAGS)
297 
298 #define HvLAZYDEL(hv)		(SvFLAGS(hv) & SVphv_LAZYDEL)
299 #define HvLAZYDEL_on(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) |= SVphv_LAZYDEL)
300 #define HvLAZYDEL_off(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) &= ~SVphv_LAZYDEL)
301 
302 #define HvREHASH(hv)		(SvFLAGS(hv) & SVphv_REHASH)
303 #define HvREHASH_on(hv)		(SvFLAGS(hv) |= SVphv_REHASH)
304 #define HvREHASH_off(hv)	(SvFLAGS(hv) &= ~SVphv_REHASH)
305 
306 #ifndef PERL_CORE
307 #  define Nullhe Null(HE*)
308 #endif
309 #define HeNEXT(he)		(he)->hent_next
310 #define HeKEY_hek(he)		(he)->hent_hek
311 #define HeKEY(he)		HEK_KEY(HeKEY_hek(he))
312 #define HeKEY_sv(he)		(*(SV**)HeKEY(he))
313 #define HeKLEN(he)		HEK_LEN(HeKEY_hek(he))
314 #define HeKUTF8(he)  HEK_UTF8(HeKEY_hek(he))
315 #define HeKWASUTF8(he)  HEK_WASUTF8(HeKEY_hek(he))
316 #define HeKREHASH(he)  HEK_REHASH(HeKEY_hek(he))
317 #define HeKLEN_UTF8(he)  (HeKUTF8(he) ? -HeKLEN(he) : HeKLEN(he))
318 #define HeKFLAGS(he)  HEK_FLAGS(HeKEY_hek(he))
319 #define HeVAL(he)		(he)->he_valu.hent_val
320 #define HeHASH(he)		HEK_HASH(HeKEY_hek(he))
321 #define HePV(he,lp)		((HeKLEN(he) == HEf_SVKEY) ?		\
322 				 SvPV(HeKEY_sv(he),lp) :		\
323 				 ((lp = HeKLEN(he)), HeKEY(he)))
324 #define HeUTF8(he)		((HeKLEN(he) == HEf_SVKEY) ?		\
325 				 SvUTF8(HeKEY_sv(he)) :			\
326 				 (U32)HeKUTF8(he))
327 
328 #define HeSVKEY(he)		((HeKEY(he) && 				\
329 				  HeKLEN(he) == HEf_SVKEY) ?		\
330 				 HeKEY_sv(he) : NULL)
331 
332 #define HeSVKEY_force(he)	(HeKEY(he) ?				\
333 				 ((HeKLEN(he) == HEf_SVKEY) ?		\
334 				  HeKEY_sv(he) :			\
335 				  newSVpvn_flags(HeKEY(he),		\
336 						 HeKLEN(he), SVs_TEMP)) : \
337 				 &PL_sv_undef)
338 #define HeSVKEY_set(he,sv)	((HeKLEN(he) = HEf_SVKEY), (HeKEY_sv(he) = sv))
339 
340 #ifndef PERL_CORE
341 #  define Nullhek Null(HEK*)
342 #endif
343 #define HEK_BASESIZE		STRUCT_OFFSET(HEK, hek_key[0])
344 #define HEK_HASH(hek)		(hek)->hek_hash
345 #define HEK_LEN(hek)		(hek)->hek_len
346 #define HEK_KEY(hek)		(hek)->hek_key
347 #define HEK_FLAGS(hek)	(*((unsigned char *)(HEK_KEY(hek))+HEK_LEN(hek)+1))
348 
349 #define HVhek_UTF8	0x01 /* Key is utf8 encoded. */
350 #define HVhek_WASUTF8	0x02 /* Key is bytes here, but was supplied as utf8. */
351 #define HVhek_REHASH	0x04 /* This key is in an hv using a custom HASH . */
352 #define HVhek_UNSHARED	0x08 /* This key isn't a shared hash key. */
353 #define HVhek_FREEKEY	0x100 /* Internal flag to say key is malloc()ed.  */
354 #define HVhek_PLACEHOLD	0x200 /* Internal flag to create placeholder.
355                                * (may change, but Storable is a core module) */
356 #define HVhek_KEYCANONICAL 0x400 /* Internal flag - key is in canonical form.
357 				    If the string is UTF-8, it cannot be
358 				    converted to bytes. */
359 #define HVhek_MASK	0xFF
360 
361 /* Which flags enable HvHASKFLAGS? Somewhat a hack on a hack, as
362    HVhek_REHASH is only needed because the rehash flag has to be duplicated
363    into all keys as hv_iternext has no access to the hash flags. At this
364    point Storable's tests get upset, because sometimes hashes are "keyed"
365    and sometimes not, depending on the order of data insertion, and whether
366    it triggered rehashing. So currently HVhek_REHASH is exempt.
367    Similarly UNSHARED
368 */
369 
370 #define HVhek_ENABLEHVKFLAGS	(HVhek_MASK & ~(HVhek_REHASH|HVhek_UNSHARED))
371 
372 #define HEK_UTF8(hek)		(HEK_FLAGS(hek) & HVhek_UTF8)
373 #define HEK_UTF8_on(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) |= HVhek_UTF8)
374 #define HEK_UTF8_off(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) &= ~HVhek_UTF8)
375 #define HEK_WASUTF8(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) & HVhek_WASUTF8)
376 #define HEK_WASUTF8_on(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) |= HVhek_WASUTF8)
377 #define HEK_WASUTF8_off(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) &= ~HVhek_WASUTF8)
378 #define HEK_REHASH(hek)		(HEK_FLAGS(hek) & HVhek_REHASH)
379 #define HEK_REHASH_on(hek)	(HEK_FLAGS(hek) |= HVhek_REHASH)
380 
381 /* calculate HV array allocation */
382 #ifndef PERL_USE_LARGE_HV_ALLOC
383 /* Default to allocating the correct size - default to assuming that malloc()
384    is not broken and is efficient at allocating blocks sized at powers-of-two.
385 */
386 #  define PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(size) ((size) * sizeof(HE*))
387 #else
388 #  define MALLOC_OVERHEAD 16
389 #  define PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(size) \
390 			(((size) < 64)					\
391 			 ? (size) * sizeof(HE*)				\
392 			 : (size) * sizeof(HE*) * 2 - MALLOC_OVERHEAD)
393 #endif
394 
395 /* Flags for hv_iternext_flags.  */
396 #define HV_ITERNEXT_WANTPLACEHOLDERS	0x01	/* Don't skip placeholders.  */
397 
398 #define hv_iternext(hv)	hv_iternext_flags(hv, 0)
399 #define hv_magic(hv, gv, how) sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(hv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), how, NULL, 0)
400 
401 /* available as a function in hv.c */
402 #define Perl_sharepvn(sv, len, hash) HEK_KEY(share_hek(sv, len, hash))
403 #define sharepvn(sv, len, hash)	     Perl_sharepvn(sv, len, hash)
404 
405 #define share_hek_hek(hek)						\
406     (++(((struct shared_he *)(((char *)hek)				\
407 			      - STRUCT_OFFSET(struct shared_he,		\
408 					      shared_he_hek)))		\
409 	->shared_he_he.he_valu.hent_refcount),				\
410      hek)
411 
412 #define hv_store_ent(hv, keysv, val, hash)				\
413     ((HE *) hv_common((hv), (keysv), NULL, 0, 0, HV_FETCH_ISSTORE,	\
414 		      (val), (hash)))
415 
416 #define hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, hash)					\
417     (hv_common((hv), (keysv), NULL, 0, 0, HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, 0, (hash))	\
418      ? TRUE : FALSE)
419 #define hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, lval, hash)				\
420     ((HE *) hv_common((hv), (keysv), NULL, 0, 0,			\
421 		      ((lval) ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0), NULL, (hash)))
422 #define hv_delete_ent(hv, key, flags, hash)				\
423     (MUTABLE_SV(hv_common((hv), (key), NULL, 0, 0, (flags) | HV_DELETE,	\
424 			  NULL, (hash))))
425 
426 #define hv_store_flags(hv, key, klen, val, hash, flags)			\
427     ((SV**) hv_common((hv), NULL, (key), (klen), (flags),		\
428 		      (HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_JUST_SV), (val),	\
429 		      (hash)))
430 
431 #define hv_store(hv, key, klen, val, hash)				\
432     ((SV**) hv_common_key_len((hv), (key), (klen),			\
433 			      (HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_JUST_SV),	\
434 			      (val), (hash)))
435 
436 #define hv_exists(hv, key, klen)					\
437     (hv_common_key_len((hv), (key), (klen), HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0) \
438      ? TRUE : FALSE)
439 
440 #define hv_fetch(hv, key, klen, lval)					\
441     ((SV**) hv_common_key_len((hv), (key), (klen), (lval)		\
442 			      ? (HV_FETCH_JUST_SV | HV_FETCH_LVALUE)	\
443 			      : HV_FETCH_JUST_SV, NULL, 0))
444 
445 #define hv_delete(hv, key, klen, flags)					\
446     (MUTABLE_SV(hv_common_key_len((hv), (key), (klen),			\
447 				  (flags) | HV_DELETE, NULL, 0)))
448 
449 /* This refcounted he structure is used for storing the hints used for lexical
450    pragmas. Without threads, it's basically struct he + refcount.
451    With threads, life gets more complex as the structure needs to be shared
452    between threads (because it hangs from OPs, which are shared), hence the
453    alternate definition and mutex.  */
454 
455 struct refcounted_he;
456 
457 #ifdef PERL_CORE
458 
459 /* Gosh. This really isn't a good name any longer.  */
460 struct refcounted_he {
461     struct refcounted_he *refcounted_he_next;	/* next entry in chain */
462 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
463     U32                   refcounted_he_hash;
464     U32                   refcounted_he_keylen;
465 #else
466     HEK                  *refcounted_he_hek;	/* hint key */
467 #endif
468     union {
469 	IV                refcounted_he_u_iv;
470 	UV                refcounted_he_u_uv;
471 	STRLEN            refcounted_he_u_len;
472 	void		 *refcounted_he_u_ptr;	/* Might be useful in future */
473     } refcounted_he_val;
474     U32	                  refcounted_he_refcnt;	/* reference count */
475     /* First byte is flags. Then NUL-terminated value. Then for ithreads,
476        non-NUL terminated key.  */
477     char                  refcounted_he_data[1];
478 };
479 
480 /* Flag bits are HVhek_UTF8, HVhek_WASUTF8, then */
481 #define HVrhek_undef	0x00 /* Value is undef. */
482 #define HVrhek_delete	0x10 /* Value is placeholder - signifies delete. */
483 #define HVrhek_IV	0x20 /* Value is IV. */
484 #define HVrhek_UV	0x30 /* Value is UV. */
485 #define HVrhek_PV	0x40 /* Value is a (byte) string. */
486 #define HVrhek_PV_UTF8	0x50 /* Value is a (utf8) string. */
487 /* Two spare. As these have to live in the optree, you can't store anything
488    interpreter specific, such as SVs. :-( */
489 #define HVrhek_typemask 0x70
490 
491 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
492 /* A big expression to find the key offset */
493 #define REF_HE_KEY(chain)						\
494 	((((chain->refcounted_he_data[0] & 0x60) == 0x40)		\
495 	    ? chain->refcounted_he_val.refcounted_he_u_len + 1 : 0)	\
496 	 + 1 + chain->refcounted_he_data)
497 #endif
498 
499 #  ifdef USE_ITHREADS
500 #    define HINTS_REFCNT_LOCK		MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_hints_mutex)
501 #    define HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK		MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_hints_mutex)
502 #  else
503 #    define HINTS_REFCNT_LOCK		NOOP
504 #    define HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK		NOOP
505 #  endif
506 #endif
507 
508 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
509 #  define HINTS_REFCNT_INIT		MUTEX_INIT(&PL_hints_mutex)
510 #  define HINTS_REFCNT_TERM		MUTEX_DESTROY(&PL_hints_mutex)
511 #else
512 #  define HINTS_REFCNT_INIT		NOOP
513 #  define HINTS_REFCNT_TERM		NOOP
514 #endif
515 
516 /* Hash actions
517  * Passed in PERL_MAGIC_uvar calls
518  */
519 #define HV_DISABLE_UVAR_XKEY	0x01
520 /* We need to ensure that these don't clash with G_DISCARD, which is 2, as it
521    is documented as being passed to hv_delete().  */
522 #define HV_FETCH_ISSTORE	0x04
523 #define HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS	0x08
524 #define HV_FETCH_LVALUE		0x10
525 #define HV_FETCH_JUST_SV	0x20
526 #define HV_DELETE		0x40
527 
528 /*
529 =for apidoc newHV
530 
531 Creates a new HV.  The reference count is set to 1.
532 
533 =cut
534 */
535 
536 #define newHV()	MUTABLE_HV(newSV_type(SVt_PVHV))
537 
538 /*
539  * Local variables:
540  * c-indentation-style: bsd
541  * c-basic-offset: 4
542  * indent-tabs-mode: t
543  * End:
544  *
545  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
546  */
547