xref: /openbsd-src/gnu/usr.bin/perl/cv.h (revision fc405d53b73a2d73393cb97f684863d17b583e38)
1 /*    cv.h
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001,
4  *    2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 /* This structure must match the beginning of XPVFM in sv.h  */
12 
13 struct xpvcv {
14     _XPV_HEAD;
15     _XPVCV_COMMON;
16 };
17 
18 /*
19 =for apidoc Ayh||CV
20 
21 =for apidoc ADmnU||Nullcv
22 Null CV pointer.
23 
24 (deprecated - use C<(CV *)NULL> instead)
25 
26 =for apidoc Am|HV*|CvSTASH|CV* cv
27 Returns the stash of the CV.  A stash is the symbol table hash, containing
28 the package-scoped variables in the package where the subroutine was defined.
29 For more information, see L<perlguts>.
30 
31 This also has a special use with XS AUTOLOAD subs.
32 See L<perlguts/Autoloading with XSUBs>.
33 
34 =cut
35 */
36 
37 #ifndef PERL_CORE
38 #  define Nullcv Null(CV*)
39 #endif
40 
41 #define CvSTASH(sv)	(0+((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_stash)
42 #define CvSTASH_set(cv,st) Perl_cvstash_set(aTHX_ cv, st)
43 #define CvSTART(sv)	((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_start_u.xcv_start
44 #define CvROOT(sv)	((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_root_u.xcv_root
45 #define CvXSUB(sv)	((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_root_u.xcv_xsub
46 #define CvXSUBANY(sv)	((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_start_u.xcv_xsubany
47 #define CvGV(sv)	Perl_CvGV(aTHX_ (CV *)(sv))
48 #define CvGV_set(cv,gv)	Perl_cvgv_set(aTHX_ cv, gv)
49 #define CvHASGV(cv)	cBOOL(SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv)
50 #define CvFILE(sv)	((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_file
51 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
52 #  define CvFILE_set_from_cop(sv, cop)	\
53     (CvFILE(sv) = savepv(CopFILE(cop)), CvDYNFILE_on(sv))
54 #else
55 #  define CvFILE_set_from_cop(sv, cop)	\
56     (CvFILE(sv) = CopFILE(cop), CvDYNFILE_off(sv))
57 #endif
58 #define CvFILEGV(sv)	(gv_fetchfile(CvFILE(sv)))
59 #define CvDEPTH(sv)	(*Perl_CvDEPTH((const CV *)sv))
60 /* For use when you only have a XPVCV*, not a real CV*.
61    Must be assert protected as in Perl_CvDEPTH before use. */
62 #define CvDEPTHunsafe(sv) ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_depth
63 
64 /* these CvPADLIST/CvRESERVED asserts can be reverted one day, once stabilized */
65 #define CvPADLIST(sv)	  (*(assert_(!CvISXSUB((CV*)(sv))) \
66         &(((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_padlist_u.xcv_padlist)))
67 /* CvPADLIST_set is not public API, it can be removed one day, once stabilized */
68 #ifdef DEBUGGING
69 #  define CvPADLIST_set(sv, padlist) Perl_set_padlist((CV*)sv, padlist)
70 #else
71 #  define CvPADLIST_set(sv, padlist) (CvPADLIST(sv) = (padlist))
72 #endif
73 #define CvHSCXT(sv)	  *(assert_(CvISXSUB((CV*)(sv))) \
74         &(((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_padlist_u.xcv_hscxt))
75 #ifdef DEBUGGING
76 #  if PTRSIZE == 8
77 #    define PoisonPADLIST(sv) \
78         (((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_padlist_u.xcv_padlist = (PADLIST *)UINT64_C(0xEFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF))
79 #  elif PTRSIZE == 4
80 #    define PoisonPADLIST(sv) \
81         (((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_padlist_u.xcv_padlist = (PADLIST *)0xEFEFEFEF)
82 #  else
83 #    error unknown pointer size
84 #  endif
85 #else
86 #  define PoisonPADLIST(sv) NOOP
87 #endif
88 
89 #define CvOUTSIDE(sv)	  ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_outside
90 #define CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(sv) ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_outside_seq
91 #define CvFLAGS(sv)	  ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_flags
92 
93 /* These two are sometimes called on non-CVs */
94 #define CvPROTO(sv)                               \
95         (                                          \
96          SvPOK(sv)                                  \
97           ? SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVCV && CvAUTOLOAD(sv) \
98              ? SvEND(sv)+1 : SvPVX_const(sv)          \
99           : NULL                                       \
100         )
101 #define CvPROTOLEN(sv)	                          \
102         (                                          \
103          SvPOK(sv)                                  \
104           ? SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVCV && CvAUTOLOAD(sv) \
105              ? SvLEN(sv)-SvCUR(sv)-2                  \
106              : SvCUR(sv)                               \
107           : 0                                           \
108         )
109 
110 #define CVf_METHOD	0x0001	/* CV is explicitly marked as a method */
111 #define CVf_LVALUE	0x0002  /* CV return value can be used as lvalue */
112 #define CVf_CONST	0x0004  /* inlinable sub */
113 #define CVf_ISXSUB	0x0008	/* CV is an XSUB, not pure perl.  */
114 
115 #define CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE	0x0010  /* CvOUTSIDE isn't ref counted */
116 #define CVf_CLONE	0x0020	/* anon CV uses external lexicals */
117 #define CVf_CLONED	0x0040	/* a clone of one of those */
118 #define CVf_ANON	0x0080	/* CV is not pointed to by a GV */
119 #define CVf_UNIQUE	0x0100	/* sub is only called once (eg PL_main_cv,
120                                  * require, eval). */
121 #define CVf_NODEBUG	0x0200	/* no DB::sub indirection for this CV
122                                    (esp. useful for special XSUBs) */
123 #define CVf_CVGV_RC	0x0400	/* CvGV is reference counted */
124 #if defined(PERL_CORE) || defined(PERL_EXT)
125 # define CVf_SLABBED	0x0800	/* Holds refcount on op slab  */
126 #endif
127 #define CVf_DYNFILE	0x1000	/* The filename is malloced  */
128 #define CVf_AUTOLOAD	0x2000	/* SvPVX contains AUTOLOADed sub name  */
129 #define CVf_HASEVAL	0x4000	/* contains string eval  */
130 #define CVf_NAMED	0x8000  /* Has a name HEK */
131 #define CVf_LEXICAL	0x10000 /* Omit package from name */
132 #define CVf_ANONCONST	0x20000 /* :const - create anonconst op */
133 #define CVf_SIGNATURE   0x40000 /* CV uses a signature */
134 
135 /* This symbol for optimised communication between toke.c and op.c: */
136 #define CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS	(CVf_METHOD|CVf_LVALUE|CVf_ANONCONST)
137 
138 #define CvCLONE(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_CLONE)
139 #define CvCLONE_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_CLONE)
140 #define CvCLONE_off(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_CLONE)
141 
142 #define CvCLONED(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_CLONED)
143 #define CvCLONED_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_CLONED)
144 #define CvCLONED_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_CLONED)
145 
146 #define CvANON(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_ANON)
147 #define CvANON_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_ANON)
148 #define CvANON_off(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_ANON)
149 
150 /* CvEVAL or CvSPECIAL */
151 #define CvUNIQUE(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_UNIQUE)
152 #define CvUNIQUE_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_UNIQUE)
153 #define CvUNIQUE_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_UNIQUE)
154 
155 #define CvNODEBUG(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_NODEBUG)
156 #define CvNODEBUG_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_NODEBUG)
157 #define CvNODEBUG_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_NODEBUG)
158 
159 #define CvMETHOD(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_METHOD)
160 #define CvMETHOD_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_METHOD)
161 #define CvMETHOD_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_METHOD)
162 
163 #define CvLVALUE(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_LVALUE)
164 #define CvLVALUE_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_LVALUE)
165 #define CvLVALUE_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_LVALUE)
166 
167 /* eval or PL_main_cv */
168 #define CvEVAL(cv)		(CvUNIQUE(cv) && !SvFAKE(cv))
169 #define CvEVAL_on(cv)		(CvUNIQUE_on(cv),SvFAKE_off(cv))
170 #define CvEVAL_off(cv)		CvUNIQUE_off(cv)
171 
172 /* BEGIN|CHECK|INIT|UNITCHECK|END */
173 #define CvSPECIAL(cv)		(CvUNIQUE(cv) && SvFAKE(cv))
174 #define CvSPECIAL_on(cv)	(CvUNIQUE_on(cv),SvFAKE_on(cv))
175 #define CvSPECIAL_off(cv)	(CvUNIQUE_off(cv),SvFAKE_off(cv))
176 
177 #define CvCONST(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_CONST)
178 #define CvCONST_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_CONST)
179 #define CvCONST_off(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_CONST)
180 
181 #define CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE)
182 #define CvWEAKOUTSIDE_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE)
183 #define CvWEAKOUTSIDE_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE)
184 
185 #define CvISXSUB(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_ISXSUB)
186 #define CvISXSUB_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_ISXSUB)
187 #define CvISXSUB_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_ISXSUB)
188 
189 #define CvCVGV_RC(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_CVGV_RC)
190 #define CvCVGV_RC_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_CVGV_RC)
191 #define CvCVGV_RC_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_CVGV_RC)
192 
193 #ifdef PERL_CORE
194 # define CvSLABBED(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_SLABBED)
195 # define CvSLABBED_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_SLABBED)
196 # define CvSLABBED_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_SLABBED)
197 #endif
198 
199 #define CvDYNFILE(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_DYNFILE)
200 #define CvDYNFILE_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_DYNFILE)
201 #define CvDYNFILE_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_DYNFILE)
202 
203 #define CvAUTOLOAD(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_AUTOLOAD)
204 #define CvAUTOLOAD_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_AUTOLOAD)
205 #define CvAUTOLOAD_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_AUTOLOAD)
206 
207 #define CvHASEVAL(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_HASEVAL)
208 #define CvHASEVAL_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_HASEVAL)
209 #define CvHASEVAL_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_HASEVAL)
210 
211 #define CvNAMED(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_NAMED)
212 #define CvNAMED_on(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_NAMED)
213 #define CvNAMED_off(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_NAMED)
214 
215 #define CvLEXICAL(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_LEXICAL)
216 #define CvLEXICAL_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_LEXICAL)
217 #define CvLEXICAL_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_LEXICAL)
218 
219 #define CvANONCONST(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_ANONCONST)
220 #define CvANONCONST_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_ANONCONST)
221 #define CvANONCONST_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_ANONCONST)
222 
223 #define CvSIGNATURE(cv)		(CvFLAGS(cv) & CVf_SIGNATURE)
224 #define CvSIGNATURE_on(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) |= CVf_SIGNATURE)
225 #define CvSIGNATURE_off(cv)	(CvFLAGS(cv) &= ~CVf_SIGNATURE)
226 
227 /* Flags for newXS_flags  */
228 #define XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME	0x01	/* The filename isn't static  */
229 
230 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HEK *
231 CvNAME_HEK(CV *sv)
232 {
233     return CvNAMED(sv)
234         ? ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(sv)))->xcv_gv_u.xcv_hek
235         : 0;
236 }
237 
238 /* helper for the common pattern:
239    CvNAMED(sv) ? CvNAME_HEK((CV *)sv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(sv))
240 */
241 #define CvGvNAME_HEK(sv) ( \
242         CvNAMED((CV*)sv) ? \
243             ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY((SV*)sv)))->xcv_gv_u.xcv_hek\
244             : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV( (SV*) sv)) \
245         )
246 
247 /* This lowers the reference count of the previous value, but does *not*
248    increment the reference count of the new value. */
249 #define CvNAME_HEK_set(cv, hek) ( \
250         CvNAME_HEK((CV *)(cv))						 \
251             ? unshare_hek(SvANY((CV *)(cv))->xcv_gv_u.xcv_hek)	  \
252             : (void)0,						   \
253         ((XPVCV*)MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(cv)))->xcv_gv_u.xcv_hek = (hek), \
254         CvNAMED_on(cv)						     \
255     )
256 
257 /*
258 
259 =for apidoc m|bool|CvWEAKOUTSIDE|CV *cv
260 
261 Each CV has a pointer, C<CvOUTSIDE()>, to its lexically enclosing
262 CV (if any).  Because pointers to anonymous sub prototypes are
263 stored in C<&> pad slots, it is a possible to get a circular reference,
264 with the parent pointing to the child and vice-versa.  To avoid the
265 ensuing memory leak, we do not increment the reference count of the CV
266 pointed to by C<CvOUTSIDE> in the I<one specific instance> that the parent
267 has a C<&> pad slot pointing back to us.  In this case, we set the
268 C<CvWEAKOUTSIDE> flag in the child.  This allows us to determine under what
269 circumstances we should decrement the refcount of the parent when freeing
270 the child.
271 
272 There is a further complication with non-closure anonymous subs (i.e. those
273 that do not refer to any lexicals outside that sub).  In this case, the
274 anonymous prototype is shared rather than being cloned.  This has the
275 consequence that the parent may be freed while there are still active
276 children, I<e.g.>,
277 
278     BEGIN { $a = sub { eval '$x' } }
279 
280 In this case, the BEGIN is freed immediately after execution since there
281 are no active references to it: the anon sub prototype has
282 C<CvWEAKOUTSIDE> set since it's not a closure, and $a points to the same
283 CV, so it doesn't contribute to BEGIN's refcount either.  When $a is
284 executed, the C<eval '$x'> causes the chain of C<CvOUTSIDE>s to be followed,
285 and the freed BEGIN is accessed.
286 
287 To avoid this, whenever a CV and its associated pad is freed, any
288 C<&> entries in the pad are explicitly removed from the pad, and if the
289 refcount of the pointed-to anon sub is still positive, then that
290 child's C<CvOUTSIDE> is set to point to its grandparent.  This will only
291 occur in the single specific case of a non-closure anon prototype
292 having one or more active references (such as C<$a> above).
293 
294 One other thing to consider is that a CV may be merely undefined
295 rather than freed, eg C<undef &foo>.  In this case, its refcount may
296 not have reached zero, but we still delete its pad and its C<CvROOT> etc.
297 Since various children may still have their C<CvOUTSIDE> pointing at this
298 undefined CV, we keep its own C<CvOUTSIDE> for the time being, so that
299 the chain of lexical scopes is unbroken.  For example, the following
300 should print 123:
301 
302     my $x = 123;
303     sub tmp { sub { eval '$x' } }
304     my $a = tmp();
305     undef &tmp;
306     print  $a->();
307 
308 =cut
309 */
310 
311 typedef OP *(*Perl_call_checker)(pTHX_ OP *, GV *, SV *);
312 
313 #define CALL_CHECKER_REQUIRE_GV	MGf_REQUIRE_GV
314 
315 #define CV_NAME_NOTQUAL		1
316 
317 #ifdef PERL_CORE
318 # define CV_UNDEF_KEEP_NAME	1
319 #endif
320 
321 /*
322  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
323  */
324