xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/pwd_mkdb/pwd_mkdb.c (revision 2dd295436a0082eb4f8d294f4aa73c223413d0f2)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pwd_mkdb.c,v 1.59 2021/11/27 22:30:26 rillig Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
17  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
18  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
19  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
20  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
31  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
32  *
33  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
34  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
35  * are met:
36  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
37  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
38  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
39  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
40  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
41  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
42  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
43  *    without specific prior written permission.
44  *
45  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
46  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
47  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
48  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
49  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
51  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
52  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
53  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
54  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
55  * SUCH DAMAGE.
56  */
57 
58 /*
59  * Portions Copyright(C) 1994, Jason Downs.  All rights reserved.
60  *
61  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
62  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
63  * are met:
64  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
65  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
66  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
67  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
68  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
69  *
70  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
71  * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
72  * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
73  * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
74  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
75  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
76  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
77  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
78  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
79  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
80  * SUCH DAMAGE.
81  */
82 
83 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
84 #include "nbtool_config.h"
85 #endif
86 
87 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
88 #if !defined(lint)
89 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 2000, 2009\
90  The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.  All rights reserved.\
91   Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\
92  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
93 __RCSID("$NetBSD: pwd_mkdb.c,v 1.59 2021/11/27 22:30:26 rillig Exp $");
94 #endif /* not lint */
95 
96 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
97 #include "compat_pwd.h"
98 #else
99 #include <pwd.h>
100 #endif
101 
102 #include <sys/param.h>
103 #include <sys/stat.h>
104 #include <sys/types.h>
105 
106 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
107 #include <machine/bswap.h>
108 #endif
109 
110 #include <db.h>
111 #include <err.h>
112 #include <errno.h>
113 #include <fcntl.h>
114 #include <syslog.h>
115 #include <limits.h>
116 #include <signal.h>
117 #include <stdio.h>
118 #include <stdlib.h>
119 #include <stdarg.h>
120 #include <string.h>
121 #include <unistd.h>
122 
123 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
124 #include <util.h>
125 #endif
126 
127 #define	MAX_CACHESIZE	8*1024*1024
128 #define	MIN_CACHESIZE	2*1024*1024
129 
130 #define	PERM_INSECURE	(S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)
131 #define	PERM_SECURE	(S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)
132 
133 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
134 static const char __yp_token[] = "__YP!";
135 #else
136 /* Pull this out of the C library. */
137 extern const char __yp_token[];
138 #endif
139 
140 static HASHINFO openinfo = {
141 	4096,		/* bsize */
142 	32,		/* ffactor */
143 	256,		/* nelem */
144 	0,		/* cachesize */
145 	NULL,		/* hash() */
146 	0		/* lorder */
147 };
148 
149 #define	FILE_INSECURE	0x01
150 #define	FILE_SECURE	0x02
151 #define	FILE_ORIG	0x04
152 
153 
154 struct pwddb {
155 	DB *db;
156 	char dbname[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)];
157 	const char *fname;
158 	uint32_t rversion;
159 	uint32_t wversion;
160 };
161 
162 static char	*pname;				/* password file name */
163 static char	prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
164 static char	oldpwdfile[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)];
165 static int 	lorder = BYTE_ORDER;
166 static int	logsyslog;
167 static int	clean;
168 static int	verbose;
169 static int	warning;
170 static struct pwddb sdb, idb;
171 
172 
173 void	bailout(void) __dead;
174 void	cp(const char *, const char *, mode_t);
175 void	deldbent(struct pwddb *, int, void *);
176 void	mkpw_error(const char *, ...) __dead;
177 void	mkpw_warning(const char *, ...);
178 int	getdbent(struct pwddb *, int, void *, struct passwd **);
179 void	inconsistency(void) __dead;
180 void	install(const char *, const char *);
181 void	putdbents(struct pwddb *, struct passwd *, const char *, int, int,
182     u_int, u_int);
183 void	putyptoken(struct pwddb *);
184 void	rm(const char *);
185 int	scan(FILE *, struct passwd *, int *, int *);
186 void	usage(void) __dead;
187 void	wr_error(const char *) __dead;
188 uint32_t getversion(const char *);
189 void	setversion(struct pwddb *);
190 
191 #ifndef __lint__
192 #define SWAP(sw) \
193     ((sizeof(sw) == 2 ? (typeof(sw))bswap16((uint16_t)sw) : \
194     (sizeof(sw) == 4 ? (typeof(sw))bswap32((uint32_t)sw) : \
195     (sizeof(sw) == 8 ? (typeof(sw))bswap64((uint64_t)sw) : (abort(), 0)))))
196 #else
197 #define SWAP(sw) sw
198 #endif
199 
200 static void
201 closedb(struct pwddb *db)
202 {
203     if ((*db->db->close)(db->db) < 0)
204 	    wr_error(db->dbname);
205 }
206 
207 static void
208 opendb(struct pwddb *db, const char *dbname, const char *username,
209     uint32_t req_version, int flags, mode_t perm)
210 {
211 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
212 
213 	(void)snprintf(db->dbname, sizeof(db->dbname), "%s%s.tmp", prefix,
214 	    dbname);
215 
216 	if (username != NULL) {
217 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", prefix, dbname);
218 		cp(buf, db->dbname, perm);
219 	}
220 
221 	db->db = dbopen(db->dbname, flags, perm, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
222 	if (db->db == NULL)
223 		mkpw_error("Cannot open `%s'", db->dbname);
224 
225 	db->fname = dbname;
226 	db->rversion = getversion(dbname);
227 	if (req_version == ~0U)
228 		db->wversion = db->rversion;
229 	else
230 		db->wversion = req_version;
231 
232 	if (warning && db->rversion == 0 && db->wversion == 0) {
233 		mkpw_warning("Database %s is a version %u database.",
234 		    db->fname, db->rversion);
235 		mkpw_warning("Use %s -V 1 to upgrade once you've recompiled "
236 		    "all your binaries.", getprogname());
237 	}
238 	if (db->wversion != db->rversion) {
239 		if (username != NULL) {
240 			mkpw_warning("You cannot change a single "
241 			    "record from version %u to version %u\n",
242 			    db->rversion, db->wversion);
243 			bailout();
244 		} else if (verbose) {
245 		    mkpw_warning("Changing %s from version %u to version %u",
246 			db->fname, db->rversion, db->wversion);
247 		}
248 	} else {
249 		if (verbose)
250 			mkpw_warning("File `%s' version %u requested %u",
251 			    db->fname, db->rversion, db->wversion);
252 	}
253 
254 	setversion(db);
255 }
256 
257 int
258 main(int argc, char *argv[])
259 {
260 	int ch, makeold, tfd, lineno, found, rv, hasyp, secureonly;
261 	struct passwd pwd, *tpwd;
262 	char *username;
263 	FILE *fp, *oldfp;
264 	sigset_t set;
265 	u_int dbflg, uid_dbflg;
266 	int newuser, olduid, flags;
267 	struct stat st;
268 	u_int cachesize;
269 	uint32_t req_version;
270 
271 	prefix[0] = '\0';
272 	makeold = 0;
273 	oldfp = NULL;
274 	username = NULL;
275 	hasyp = 0;
276 	secureonly = 0;
277 	found = 0;
278 	newuser = 0;
279 	cachesize = 0;
280 	verbose = 0;
281 	warning = 0;
282 	logsyslog = 0;
283 	req_version = ~0U;
284 
285 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "BLc:d:lpsu:V:vw")) != -1)
286 		switch (ch) {
287 		case 'B':			/* big-endian output */
288 			lorder = BIG_ENDIAN;
289 			break;
290 		case 'L':			/* little-endian output */
291 			lorder = LITTLE_ENDIAN;
292 			break;
293 		case 'c':
294 			cachesize = atoi(optarg) * 1024 * 1024;
295 			break;
296 		case 'd':			/* set prefix */
297 			(void)strlcpy(prefix, optarg, sizeof(prefix));
298 			break;
299 		case 'l':
300 			openlog(getprogname(), LOG_PID, LOG_AUTH);
301 			logsyslog = 1;
302 			break;
303 		case 'p':			/* create V7 "file.orig" */
304 			makeold = 1;
305 			break;
306 		case 's':			/* modify secure db only */
307 			secureonly = 1;
308 			break;
309 		case 'u':			/* modify one user only */
310 			username = optarg;
311 			break;
312 		case 'V':
313 			req_version = (uint32_t)atoi(optarg);
314 			if (req_version > 1) {
315 				mkpw_warning("Unknown version %u", req_version);
316 				return EXIT_FAILURE;
317 			}
318 			break;
319 		case 'v':
320 			verbose++;
321 			break;
322 		case 'w':
323 			warning++;
324 			break;
325 		case '?':
326 		default:
327 			usage();
328 		}
329 	argc -= optind;
330 	argv += optind;
331 
332 	if (argc != 1)
333 		usage();
334 	if (username != NULL)
335 		if (username[0] == '+' || username[0] == '-')
336 			usage();
337 	if (secureonly)
338 		makeold = 0;
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * This could be changed to allow the user to interrupt.
342 	 * Probably not worth the effort.
343 	 */
344 	(void)sigemptyset(&set);
345 	(void)sigaddset(&set, SIGTSTP);
346 	(void)sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP);
347 	(void)sigaddset(&set, SIGINT);
348 	(void)sigaddset(&set, SIGQUIT);
349 	(void)sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
350 	(void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL);
351 
352 	/* We don't care what the user wants. */
353 	(void)umask(0);
354 
355 	if (username == NULL)
356 		flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL;
357 	else
358 		flags = O_RDWR;
359 
360 	pname = *argv;
361 	/* Open the original password file */
362 	if ((fp = fopen(pname, "r")) == NULL)
363 		mkpw_error("Cannot open `%s'", pname);
364 
365 	openinfo.lorder = lorder;
366 
367 	if (fstat(fileno(fp), &st) == -1)
368 		mkpw_error("Cannot stat `%s'", pname);
369 
370 	if (cachesize) {
371 		openinfo.cachesize = cachesize;
372 	} else {
373 		/* Tweak openinfo values for large passwd files. */
374 		cachesize = (u_int)(st.st_size * 20);
375 		if (cachesize > MAX_CACHESIZE)
376 			cachesize = MAX_CACHESIZE;
377 		else if (cachesize < MIN_CACHESIZE)
378 			cachesize = MIN_CACHESIZE;
379 		openinfo.cachesize = cachesize;
380 	}
381 
382 	/* Open the temporary insecure password database. */
383 	if (!secureonly) {
384 		opendb(&idb, _PATH_MP_DB, username, req_version,
385 		    flags, PERM_INSECURE);
386 		clean |= FILE_INSECURE;
387 	}
388 
389 
390 	/* Open the temporary encrypted password database. */
391 	opendb(&sdb, _PATH_SMP_DB, username, req_version, flags, PERM_SECURE);
392 	clean |= FILE_SECURE;
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * Open file for old password file.  Minor trickiness -- don't want to
396 	 * chance the file already existing, since someone (stupidly) might
397 	 * still be using this for permission checking.  So, open it first and
398 	 * fdopen the resulting fd.  The resulting file should be readable by
399 	 * everyone.
400 	 */
401 	if (makeold) {
402 		(void)snprintf(oldpwdfile, sizeof(oldpwdfile), "%s.orig",
403 		    pname);
404 		if ((tfd = open(oldpwdfile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL,
405 		    PERM_INSECURE)) < 0)
406 			mkpw_error("Cannot create `%s'", oldpwdfile);
407 		clean |= FILE_ORIG;
408 		if ((oldfp = fdopen(tfd, "w")) == NULL)
409 			mkpw_error("Cannot fdopen `%s'", oldpwdfile);
410 	}
411 
412 	if (username != NULL) {
413 		uid_dbflg = 0;
414 		dbflg = 0;
415 
416 		/*
417 		 * Determine if this is a new entry.
418 		 */
419 		if (getdbent(&sdb, _PW_KEYBYNAME, username, &tpwd))
420 			newuser = 1;
421 		else {
422 			newuser = 0;
423 			olduid = tpwd->pw_uid;
424 		}
425 
426 	} else {
427 		uid_dbflg = R_NOOVERWRITE;
428 		dbflg = R_NOOVERWRITE;
429 	}
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * If we see something go by that looks like YP, we save a special
433 	 * pointer record, which if YP is enabled in the C lib, will speed
434 	 * things up.
435 	 */
436 	for (lineno = 0; scan(fp, &pwd, &flags, &lineno);) {
437 		/*
438 		 * Create original format password file entry.
439 		 */
440 		if (makeold) {
441 			(void)fprintf(oldfp, "%s:*:%d:%d:%s:%s:%s\n",
442 			    pwd.pw_name, pwd.pw_uid, pwd.pw_gid, pwd.pw_gecos,
443 			    pwd.pw_dir, pwd.pw_shell);
444 			if (ferror(oldfp))
445 				wr_error(oldpwdfile);
446 		}
447 
448 		if (username == NULL) {
449 			/* Look like YP? */
450 			if (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+' || pwd.pw_name[0] == '-')
451 				hasyp++;
452 
453 			/* Warn about potentially unsafe uid/gid overrides. */
454 			if (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+') {
455 				if ((flags & _PASSWORD_NOUID) == 0 &&
456 				    pwd.pw_uid == 0)
457 					mkpw_warning("line %d: superuser "
458 					    "override in YP inclusion", lineno);
459 				if ((flags & _PASSWORD_NOGID) == 0 &&
460 				    pwd.pw_gid == 0)
461 					mkpw_warning("line %d: wheel override "
462 					    "in YP inclusion", lineno);
463 			}
464 
465 			/* Write the database entry out. */
466 			if (!secureonly)
467 				putdbents(&idb, &pwd, "*", flags, lineno, dbflg,
468 				    uid_dbflg);
469 			continue;
470 		} else if (strcmp(username, pwd.pw_name) != 0)
471 			continue;
472 
473 		if (found) {
474 			mkpw_warning("user `%s' listed twice in password file",
475 			    username);
476 			bailout();
477 		}
478 
479 		/*
480 		 * Ensure that the text file and database agree on
481 		 * which line the record is from.
482 		 */
483 		rv = getdbent(&sdb, _PW_KEYBYNUM, &lineno, &tpwd);
484 		if (newuser) {
485 			if (rv == 0)
486 				inconsistency();
487 		} else if (rv == 1 || strcmp(username, tpwd->pw_name) != 0)
488 			inconsistency();
489 		else if ((uid_t)olduid != pwd.pw_uid) {
490 			/*
491 			 * If we're changing UID, remove the BYUID
492 			 * record for the old UID only if it has the
493 			 * same username.
494 			 */
495 			if (!getdbent(&sdb, _PW_KEYBYUID, &olduid, &tpwd)) {
496 				if (strcmp(username, tpwd->pw_name) == 0) {
497 					if (!secureonly)
498 						deldbent(&idb, _PW_KEYBYUID,
499 						    &olduid);
500 					deldbent(&sdb, _PW_KEYBYUID, &olduid);
501 				}
502 			} else
503 				inconsistency();
504 		}
505 
506 		/*
507 		 * If there's an existing BYUID record for the new UID and
508 		 * the username doesn't match then be sure not to overwrite
509 		 * it.
510 		 */
511 		if (!getdbent(&sdb, _PW_KEYBYUID, &pwd.pw_uid, &tpwd))
512 			if (strcmp(username, tpwd->pw_name) != 0)
513 				uid_dbflg = R_NOOVERWRITE;
514 
515 		/* Write the database entries out */
516 		if (!secureonly)
517 			putdbents(&idb, &pwd, "*", flags, lineno, dbflg,
518 			    uid_dbflg);
519 		putdbents(&sdb, &pwd, pwd.pw_passwd, flags, lineno, dbflg,
520 		    uid_dbflg);
521 
522 		found = 1;
523 		if (!makeold)
524 			break;
525 	}
526 
527 	if (!secureonly) {
528 		/* Store YP token if needed. */
529 		if (hasyp)
530 			putyptoken(&idb);
531 
532 		/* Close the insecure database. */
533 		closedb(&idb);
534 	}
535 
536 	/*
537 	 * If rebuilding the databases, we re-parse the text file and write
538 	 * the secure entries out in a separate pass.
539 	 */
540 	if (username == NULL) {
541 		rewind(fp);
542 		for (lineno = 0; scan(fp, &pwd, &flags, &lineno);)
543 			putdbents(&sdb, &pwd, pwd.pw_passwd, flags,
544 			    lineno, dbflg, uid_dbflg);
545 
546 		/* Store YP token if needed. */
547 		if (hasyp)
548 			putyptoken(&sdb);
549 	} else if (!found) {
550 		mkpw_warning("user `%s' not found in password file", username);
551 		bailout();
552 	}
553 
554 	/* Close the secure database. */
555 	closedb(&sdb);
556 
557 	/* Install as the real password files. */
558 	if (!secureonly)
559 		install(idb.dbname, idb.fname);
560 	install(sdb.dbname, sdb.fname);
561 
562 	/* Install the V7 password file. */
563 	if (makeold) {
564 		if (fflush(oldfp) == EOF)
565 			wr_error(oldpwdfile);
566 		if (fclose(oldfp) == EOF)
567 			wr_error(oldpwdfile);
568 		install(oldpwdfile, _PATH_PASSWD);
569 	}
570 
571 	/* Set master.passwd permissions, in case caller forgot. */
572 	(void)fchmod(fileno(fp), S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
573 	if (fclose(fp) == EOF)
574 		wr_error(pname);
575 
576 	/*
577 	 * Move the temporary master password file LAST -- chpass(1),
578 	 * passwd(1), vipw(8) and friends all use its existence to block
579 	 * other incarnations of themselves.  The rename means that
580 	 * everything is unlocked, as the original file can no longer be
581 	 * accessed.
582 	 */
583 	install(pname, _PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
584 	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
585 	/* NOTREACHED */
586 }
587 
588 int
589 scan(FILE *fp, struct passwd *pw, int *flags, int *lineno)
590 {
591 	static char line[LINE_MAX];
592 	char *p;
593 	int oflags;
594 
595 	if (fgets(line, (int)sizeof(line), fp) == NULL)
596 		return (0);
597 	(*lineno)++;
598 
599 	/*
600 	 * ``... if I swallow anything evil, put your fingers down my
601 	 * throat...''
602 	 *	-- The Who
603 	 */
604 	if ((p = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
605 		errno = EFTYPE;	/* XXX */
606 		mkpw_error("%s, %d: line too long", pname, *lineno);
607 	}
608 	*p = '\0';
609 	if (strcmp(line, "+") == 0) {
610 		/* pw_scan() can't handle "+" */
611 		(void)strcpy(line, "+:::::::::");
612 	}
613 	oflags = 0;
614 	if (!pw_scan(line, pw, &oflags)) {
615 		errno = EFTYPE;	/* XXX */
616 		mkpw_error("%s, %d: Syntax mkpw_error", pname, *lineno);
617 	}
618 	*flags = oflags;
619 
620 	return (1);
621 }
622 
623 void
624 install(const char *from, const char *to)
625 {
626 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
627 
628 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%s", prefix, to);
629 	if (rename(from, buf))
630 		mkpw_error("Cannot rename `%s' to `%s'", from, buf);
631 }
632 
633 void
634 rm(const char *victim)
635 {
636 
637 	if (unlink(victim) < 0)
638 		warn("unlink(%s)", victim);
639 }
640 
641 void
642 cp(const char *from, const char *to, mode_t mode)
643 {
644 	static char buf[MAXBSIZE];
645 	int from_fd, to_fd;
646 	ssize_t rcount, wcount;
647 
648 	if ((from_fd = open(from, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
649 		mkpw_error("Cannot open `%s'", from);
650 	if ((to_fd = open(to, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, mode)) < 0) {
651 		(void)close(from_fd);
652 		mkpw_error("Cannot open `%s'", to);
653 	}
654 	while ((rcount = read(from_fd, buf, MAXBSIZE)) > 0) {
655 		wcount = write(to_fd, buf, (size_t)rcount);
656 		if (rcount != wcount || wcount == -1) {
657 			(void)close(from_fd);
658 			(void)close(to_fd);
659 			goto on_error;
660 		}
661 	}
662 
663 	close(from_fd);
664 	if (close(to_fd))
665 		goto on_error;
666 	if (rcount < 0)
667 		goto on_error;
668 	return;
669 
670 on_error:
671 	mkpw_error("Cannot copy `%s' to `%s'", from, to);
672 }
673 
674 void
675 wr_error(const char *str)
676 {
677 	mkpw_error("Cannot write `%s'", str);
678 }
679 
680 void
681 mkpw_error(const char *fmt, ...)
682 {
683 	va_list ap;
684 	va_start(ap, fmt);
685 	if (logsyslog) {
686 		int sverrno = errno;
687 		char efmt[BUFSIZ];
688 		snprintf(efmt, sizeof(efmt), "%s (%%m)", fmt);
689 		errno = sverrno;
690 		vsyslog(LOG_ERR, efmt, ap);
691 	} else
692 		vwarn(fmt, ap);
693 	va_end(ap);
694 	bailout();
695 }
696 
697 void
698 mkpw_warning(const char *fmt, ...)
699 {
700 	va_list ap;
701 	va_start(ap, fmt);
702 	if (logsyslog)
703 		vsyslog(LOG_WARNING, fmt, ap);
704 	else
705 		vwarnx(fmt, ap);
706 	va_end(ap);
707 }
708 
709 void
710 inconsistency(void)
711 {
712 
713 	mkpw_warning("text files and databases are inconsistent");
714 	mkpw_warning("re-build the databases without -u");
715 	bailout();
716 }
717 
718 void
719 bailout(void)
720 {
721 
722 	if ((clean & FILE_ORIG) != 0)
723 		rm(oldpwdfile);
724 	if ((clean & FILE_SECURE) != 0)
725 		rm(sdb.dbname);
726 	if ((clean & FILE_INSECURE) != 0)
727 		rm(idb.dbname);
728 
729 	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
730 }
731 
732 uint32_t
733 getversion(const char *fname)
734 {
735 	DBT data, key;
736 	int ret;
737 	uint32_t version = 0;
738 	DB *db;
739 
740 	db = dbopen(fname, O_RDONLY, PERM_INSECURE, DB_HASH, NULL);
741 	if (db == NULL) {
742 		/* If we are building on a separate root, assume version 1 */
743 		if ((errno == EACCES && prefix[0]) || errno == ENOENT)
744 			return 1;
745 		mkpw_warning("Cannot open database `%s'", fname);
746 		bailout();
747 	}
748 	key.data = __UNCONST("VERSION");
749 	key.size = strlen((const char *)key.data) + 1;
750 
751 	switch (ret = (*db->get)(db, &key, &data, 0)) {
752 	case -1:	/* Error */
753 		mkpw_warning("Cannot get VERSION record from database `%s'",
754 		    fname);
755 		goto out;
756 	case 0:
757 		if (data.size != sizeof(version)) {
758 		    mkpw_warning("Bad VERSION record in database `%s'", fname);
759 		    goto out;
760 		}
761 		(void)memcpy(&version, data.data, sizeof(version));
762 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
763 	case 1:
764 		if (ret == 1)
765 			mkpw_warning("Database `%s' has no version info",
766 			    fname);
767 		(*db->close)(db);
768 		return version;
769 	default:
770 		mkpw_warning("internal mkpw_error db->get returns %d", ret);
771 		goto out;
772 	}
773 out:
774 	(*db->close)(db);
775 	bailout();
776 	/*NOTREACHED*/
777 }
778 
779 void
780 setversion(struct pwddb *db)
781 {
782 	DBT data, key;
783 	key.data = __UNCONST("VERSION");
784 	key.size = strlen((const char *)key.data) + 1;
785 
786 	data.data = &db->wversion;
787 	data.size = sizeof(uint32_t);
788 
789 	if ((*db->db->put)(db->db, &key, &data, 0) != 0) {
790 		mkpw_warning("Can't write VERSION record to `%s'", db->dbname);
791 		bailout();
792 	}
793 }
794 
795 
796 /*
797  * Write entries to a database for a single user.
798  *
799  * The databases actually contain three copies of the original data.  Each
800  * password file entry is converted into a rough approximation of a ``struct
801  * passwd'', with the strings placed inline.  This object is then stored as
802  * the data for three separate keys.  The first key * is the pw_name field
803  * prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNAME character.  The second key is the pw_uid
804  * field prepended by the _PW_KEYBYUID character.  The third key is the line
805  * number in the original file prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNUM character.
806  * (The special characters are prepended to ensure that the keys do not
807  * collide.)
808  */
809 #define	COMPACT(e)	for (t = e; (*p++ = *t++) != '\0';)
810 
811 void
812 putdbents(struct pwddb *db, struct passwd *pw, const char *passwd, int flags,
813       int lineno, u_int dbflg, u_int uid_dbflg)
814 {
815 	struct passwd pwd;
816 	char buf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)], tbuf[1024], *p;
817 	DBT data, key;
818 	const char *t;
819 	u_int32_t x;
820 	size_t len;
821 
822 	(void)memcpy(&pwd, pw, sizeof(pwd));
823 	data.data = (u_char *)buf;
824 	key.data = (u_char *)tbuf;
825 
826 	if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) {
827 		pwd.pw_uid = SWAP(pwd.pw_uid);
828 		pwd.pw_gid = SWAP(pwd.pw_gid);
829 	}
830 
831 #define WRITEPWTIMEVAR(pwvar) \
832 	do { \
833 		if (db->wversion == 0 && \
834 		    /*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(pwvar) == sizeof(uint64_t)) { \
835 			uint32_t tmp = (uint32_t)pwvar; \
836 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
837 				tmp = SWAP(tmp); \
838 			(void)memmove(p, &tmp, sizeof(tmp)); \
839 			p += sizeof(tmp); \
840 		} else if (db->wversion == 1 && \
841 		    /*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(pwvar) == sizeof(uint32_t)) { \
842 			uint64_t tmp = pwvar; \
843 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
844 				tmp = SWAP(tmp); \
845 			(void)memmove(p, &tmp, sizeof(tmp)); \
846 			p += sizeof(tmp); \
847 		} else { \
848 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
849 				pwvar = SWAP(pwvar); \
850 			(void)memmove(p, &pwvar, sizeof(pwvar)); \
851 			p += sizeof(pwvar); \
852 		} \
853 	} while (0)
854 
855 	/* Create insecure data. */
856 	p = buf;
857 	COMPACT(pwd.pw_name);
858 	COMPACT(passwd);
859 	(void)memmove(p, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
860 	p += sizeof(pwd.pw_uid);
861 	(void)memmove(p, &pwd.pw_gid, sizeof(pwd.pw_gid));
862 	p += sizeof(pwd.pw_gid);
863 	WRITEPWTIMEVAR(pwd.pw_change);
864 	COMPACT(pwd.pw_class);
865 	COMPACT(pwd.pw_gecos);
866 	COMPACT(pwd.pw_dir);
867 	COMPACT(pwd.pw_shell);
868 	WRITEPWTIMEVAR(pwd.pw_expire);
869 	x = flags;
870 	if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER)
871 		x = SWAP(x);
872 	(void)memmove(p, &x, sizeof(x));
873 	p += sizeof(x);
874 	data.size = p - buf;
875 
876 	/* Store insecure by name. */
877 	tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNAME;
878 	len = strlen(pwd.pw_name);
879 	(void)memmove(tbuf + 1, pwd.pw_name, len);
880 	key.size = len + 1;
881 	if ((*db->db->put)(db->db, &key, &data, dbflg) == -1)
882 		wr_error(db->dbname);
883 
884 	/* Store insecure by number. */
885 	tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNUM;
886 	x = lineno;
887 	if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER)
888 		x = SWAP(x);
889 	(void)memmove(tbuf + 1, &x, sizeof(x));
890 	key.size = sizeof(x) + 1;
891 	if ((*db->db->put)(db->db, &key, &data, dbflg) == -1)
892 		wr_error(db->dbname);
893 
894 	/* Store insecure by uid. */
895 	tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYUID;
896 	(void)memmove(tbuf + 1, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
897 	key.size = sizeof(pwd.pw_uid) + 1;
898 	if ((*db->db->put)(db->db, &key, &data, uid_dbflg) == -1)
899 		wr_error(db->dbname);
900 }
901 
902 void
903 deldbent(struct pwddb *db, int type, void *keyp)
904 {
905 	char tbuf[1024];
906 	DBT key;
907 	u_int32_t x;
908 	size_t len;
909 
910 	key.data = (u_char *)tbuf;
911 
912 	switch (tbuf[0] = type) {
913 	case _PW_KEYBYNAME:
914 		len = strlen((char *)keyp);
915 		(void)memcpy(tbuf + 1, keyp, len);
916 		key.size = len + 1;
917 		break;
918 
919 	case _PW_KEYBYNUM:
920 	case _PW_KEYBYUID:
921 		x = *(int *)keyp;
922 		if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER)
923 			x = SWAP(x);
924 		(void)memmove(tbuf + 1, &x, sizeof(x));
925 		key.size = sizeof(x) + 1;
926 		break;
927 	}
928 
929 	if ((*db->db->del)(db->db, &key, 0) == -1)
930 		wr_error(db->dbname);
931 }
932 
933 int
934 getdbent(struct pwddb *db, int type, void *keyp, struct passwd **tpwd)
935 {
936 	static char buf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)];
937 	static struct passwd pwd;
938 	char tbuf[1024], *p;
939 	DBT key, data;
940 	u_int32_t x;
941 	size_t len;
942 	int rv;
943 
944 	data.data = (u_char *)buf;
945 	data.size = sizeof(buf);
946 	key.data = (u_char *)tbuf;
947 
948 	switch (tbuf[0] = type) {
949 	case _PW_KEYBYNAME:
950 		len = strlen((char *)keyp);
951 		(void)memcpy(tbuf + 1, keyp, len);
952 		key.size = len + 1;
953 		break;
954 
955 	case _PW_KEYBYNUM:
956 	case _PW_KEYBYUID:
957 		x = *(int *)keyp;
958 		if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER)
959 			x = SWAP(x);
960 		(void)memmove(tbuf + 1, &x, sizeof(x));
961 		key.size = sizeof(x) + 1;
962 		break;
963 	}
964 
965 	if ((rv = (*db->db->get)(db->db, &key, &data, 0)) == 1)
966 		return (rv);
967 	if (rv == -1)
968 		mkpw_error("Error getting record from `%s'", db->dbname);
969 
970 	p = (char *)data.data;
971 
972 	pwd.pw_name = p;
973 	while (*p++ != '\0')
974 		continue;
975 	pwd.pw_passwd = p;
976 	while (*p++ != '\0')
977 		continue;
978 
979 	(void)memcpy(&pwd.pw_uid, p, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
980 	p += sizeof(pwd.pw_uid);
981 	(void)memcpy(&pwd.pw_gid, p, sizeof(pwd.pw_gid));
982 	p += sizeof(pwd.pw_gid);
983 
984 #define READPWTIMEVAR(pwvar) \
985 	do { \
986 		if (db->rversion == 0 && \
987 		    /*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(pwvar) == sizeof(uint64_t)) { \
988 			uint32_t tmp; \
989 			(void)memcpy(&tmp, p, sizeof(tmp)); \
990 			p += sizeof(tmp); \
991 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
992 				pwvar = SWAP(tmp); \
993 			else \
994 				pwvar = tmp; \
995 		} else if (db->rversion == 1 && \
996 		    /*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(pwvar) == sizeof(uint32_t)) { \
997 			uint64_t tmp; \
998 			(void)memcpy(&tmp, p, sizeof(tmp)); \
999 			p += sizeof(tmp); \
1000 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
1001 				pwvar = (uint32_t)SWAP(tmp); \
1002 			else \
1003 				pwvar = (uint32_t)tmp; \
1004 		} else { \
1005 			(void)memcpy(&pwvar, p, sizeof(pwvar)); \
1006 			p += sizeof(pwvar); \
1007 			if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) \
1008 				pwvar = SWAP(pwvar); \
1009 		} \
1010 	} while (0)
1011 
1012 	READPWTIMEVAR(pwd.pw_change);
1013 
1014 	pwd.pw_class = p;
1015 	while (*p++ != '\0')
1016 		continue;
1017 	pwd.pw_gecos = p;
1018 	while (*p++ != '\0')
1019 		continue;
1020 	pwd.pw_dir = p;
1021 	while (*p++ != '\0')
1022 		continue;
1023 	pwd.pw_shell = p;
1024 	while (*p++ != '\0')
1025 		continue;
1026 
1027 	READPWTIMEVAR(pwd.pw_expire);
1028 
1029 	if (lorder != BYTE_ORDER) {
1030 		pwd.pw_uid = SWAP(pwd.pw_uid);
1031 		pwd.pw_gid = SWAP(pwd.pw_gid);
1032 	}
1033 
1034 	*tpwd = &pwd;
1035 	return (0);
1036 }
1037 
1038 void
1039 putyptoken(struct pwddb *db)
1040 {
1041 	DBT data, key;
1042 
1043 	key.data = __UNCONST(__yp_token);
1044 	key.size = strlen(__yp_token);
1045 	data.data = NULL;
1046 	data.size = 0;
1047 
1048 	if ((*db->db->put)(db->db, &key, &data, R_NOOVERWRITE) == -1)
1049 		wr_error(db->dbname);
1050 }
1051 
1052 void
1053 usage(void)
1054 {
1055 
1056 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
1057 	    "Usage: %s [-BLlpsvw] [-c cachesize] [-d directory] [-u user] "
1058 	    "[-V version] file\n",
1059 	    getprogname());
1060 	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1061 }
1062