xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/makefs/udf.c (revision f7be5947bb0e1667ae4da4a4822db4b0429359da)
1 /* $NetBSD: udf.c,v 1.7 2013/08/06 09:32:23 reinoud Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2006, 2008, 2013 Reinoud Zandijk
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  */
28 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
29 #include "nbtool_config.h"
30 #endif
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __RCSID("$NetBSD: udf.c,v 1.7 2013/08/06 09:32:23 reinoud Exp $");
34 
35 #include <stdio.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <time.h>
40 #include <assert.h>
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/stat.h>
47 #include <util.h>
48 
49 #if !HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
50 #define _EXPOSE_MMC
51 #include <sys/cdio.h>
52 #else
53 #include "udf/cdio_mmc_structs.h"
54 #endif
55 
56 #include "makefs.h"
57 #include "udf_create.h"
58 #include "udf_write.h"
59 #include "newfs_udf.h"
60 
61 
62 /*
63  * Note: due to the setup of the newfs code, the current state of the program
64  * and its options are helt in a few global variables. The FS specific parts
65  * are in a global `context' structure.
66  */
67 
68 /* global variables describing disc and format requests */
69 int	 fd;				/* device: file descriptor */
70 char	*dev;				/* device: name		   */
71 struct mmc_discinfo mmc_discinfo;	/* device: disc info	   */
72 
73 char	*format_str;			/* format: string representation */
74 int	 format_flags;			/* format: attribute flags	 */
75 int	 media_accesstype;		/* derived from current mmc cap  */
76 int	 check_surface;			/* for rewritables               */
77 int	 imagefile_secsize;		/* for files			 */
78 
79 int	 display_progressbar;
80 
81 int	 wrtrack_skew;
82 float	 meta_fract = (float) UDF_META_PERC / 100.0;
83 
84 int	 mmc_profile;			/* emulated profile */
85 int	 req_enable, req_disable;
86 
87 
88 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
89 
90 int
91 udf_write_sector(void *sector, uint32_t location)
92 {
93 	uint64_t wpos;
94 	ssize_t ret;
95 
96 	wpos = (uint64_t) location * context.sector_size;
97 	ret = pwrite(fd, sector, context.sector_size, wpos);
98 	if (ret == -1)
99 		return errno;
100 	if (ret < context.sector_size)
101 		return EIO;
102 	return 0;
103 }
104 
105 
106 /* not implemented for files */
107 int
108 udf_surface_check(void)
109 {
110 	return 0;
111 }
112 
113 
114 /*
115  * mmc_discinfo and mmc_trackinfo readers modified from origional in udf main
116  * code in sys/fs/udf/
117  */
118 
119 #ifdef DEBUG
120 static void
121 udf_dump_discinfo(struct mmc_discinfo *di)
122 {
123 	char bits[128];
124 
125 	printf("Device/media info  :\n");
126 	printf("\tMMC profile        0x%02x\n", di->mmc_profile);
127 	printf("\tderived class      %d\n", di->mmc_class);
128 	printf("\tsector size        %d\n", di->sector_size);
129 	printf("\tdisc state         %d\n", di->disc_state);
130 	printf("\tlast ses state     %d\n", di->last_session_state);
131 	printf("\tbg format state    %d\n", di->bg_format_state);
132 	printf("\tfrst track         %d\n", di->first_track);
133 	printf("\tfst on last ses    %d\n", di->first_track_last_session);
134 	printf("\tlst on last ses    %d\n", di->last_track_last_session);
135 	printf("\tlink block penalty %d\n", di->link_block_penalty);
136 	snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_DFLAGS_FLAGBITS,
137 			(uint64_t) di->disc_flags);
138 	printf("\tdisc flags         %s\n", bits);
139 	printf("\tdisc id            %x\n", di->disc_id);
140 	printf("\tdisc barcode       %"PRIx64"\n", di->disc_barcode);
141 
142 	printf("\tnum sessions       %d\n", di->num_sessions);
143 	printf("\tnum tracks         %d\n", di->num_tracks);
144 
145 	snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_CAP_FLAGBITS, di->mmc_cur);
146 	printf("\tcapabilities cur   %s\n", bits);
147 	snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_CAP_FLAGBITS, di->mmc_cap);
148 	printf("\tcapabilities cap   %s\n", bits);
149 	printf("\n");
150 	printf("\tlast_possible_lba  %d\n", di->last_possible_lba);
151 	printf("\n");
152 }
153 #else
154 #define udf_dump_discinfo(a);
155 #endif
156 
157 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
158 
159 static int
160 udf_emulate_discinfo(fsinfo_t *fsopts, struct mmc_discinfo *di,
161 		int mmc_emuprofile)
162 {
163 	off_t sectors;
164 
165 	memset(di, 0, sizeof(*di));
166 
167 	/* file support */
168 	if ((mmc_emuprofile != 0x01) && (fsopts->sectorsize != 2048))
169 		warnx("cd/dvd/bd sectorsize is not set to default 2048");
170 
171 	sectors = fsopts->size / fsopts->sectorsize;
172 
173 	/* commons */
174 	di->mmc_profile		= mmc_emuprofile;
175 	di->disc_state		= MMC_STATE_CLOSED;
176 	di->last_session_state	= MMC_STATE_CLOSED;
177 	di->bg_format_state	= MMC_BGFSTATE_COMPLETED;
178 	di->link_block_penalty	= 0;
179 
180 	di->disc_flags = MMC_DFLAGS_UNRESTRICTED;
181 
182 	di->last_possible_lba = sectors - 1;
183 	di->sector_size       = fsopts->sectorsize;
184 
185 	di->num_sessions = 1;
186 	di->num_tracks   = 1;
187 
188 	di->first_track  = 1;
189 	di->first_track_last_session = di->last_track_last_session = 1;
190 
191 	di->mmc_cur = MMC_CAP_RECORDABLE | MMC_CAP_ZEROLINKBLK;
192 	switch (mmc_emuprofile) {
193 	case 0x00:	/* unknown, treat as CDROM */
194 	case 0x08:	/* CDROM */
195 	case 0x10:	/* DVDROM */
196 	case 0x40:	/* BDROM */
197 		req_enable |= FORMAT_READONLY;
198 		/* FALLTROUGH */
199 	case 0x01:	/* disc */
200 		/* set up a disc info profile for partitions/files */
201 		di->mmc_class	= MMC_CLASS_DISC;
202 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE | MMC_CAP_HW_DEFECTFREE;
203 		break;
204 	case 0x09:	/* CD-R */
205 		di->mmc_class	= MMC_CLASS_CD;
206 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL;
207 		di->disc_state  = MMC_STATE_EMPTY;
208 		break;
209 	case 0x0a:	/* CD-RW + CD-MRW (regretably) */
210 		di->mmc_class	= MMC_CLASS_CD;
211 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE;
212 		break;
213 	case 0x13:	/* DVD-RW */
214 		di->mmc_class	= MMC_CLASS_DVD;
215 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE;
216 		break;
217 	case 0x11:	/* DVD-R */
218 	case 0x14:	/* DVD-RW sequential */
219 	case 0x1b:	/* DVD+R */
220 	case 0x2b:	/* DVD+R DL */
221 	case 0x51:	/* HD DVD-R */
222 		di->mmc_class	= MMC_CLASS_DVD;
223 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL;
224 		di->disc_state  = MMC_STATE_EMPTY;
225 		break;
226 	case 0x41:	/* BD-R */
227 		di->mmc_class   = MMC_CLASS_BD;
228 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL | MMC_CAP_HW_DEFECTFREE;
229 		di->disc_state  = MMC_STATE_EMPTY;
230 		break;
231 	case 0x43:	/* BD-RE */
232 		di->mmc_class   = MMC_CLASS_BD;
233 		di->mmc_cur    |= MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE | MMC_CAP_HW_DEFECTFREE;
234 		break;
235 	default:
236 		err(EINVAL, "makefs_udf: unknown or unimplemented device type");
237 		return EINVAL;
238 	}
239 	di->mmc_cap    = di->mmc_cur;
240 
241 	udf_dump_discinfo(di);
242 	return 0;
243 }
244 
245 
246 int
247 udf_update_trackinfo(struct mmc_discinfo *di, struct mmc_trackinfo *ti)
248 {
249 	/* discs partition support */
250 	if (ti->tracknr != 1)
251 		return EIO;
252 
253 	/* create fake ti */
254 	ti->sessionnr  = 1;
255 
256 	ti->track_mode = 0;	/* XXX */
257 	ti->data_mode  = 0;	/* XXX */
258 	ti->flags = MMC_TRACKINFO_LRA_VALID | MMC_TRACKINFO_NWA_VALID;
259 
260 	ti->track_start    = 0;
261 	ti->packet_size    = 32;	/* take sensible default */
262 
263 	ti->track_size    = di->last_possible_lba;
264 	ti->next_writable = di->last_possible_lba;
265 	ti->last_recorded = ti->next_writable;
266 	ti->free_blocks   = 0;
267 
268 	return 0;
269 }
270 
271 #define OPT_STR(letter, name, desc)  \
272 	{ letter, name, NULL, OPT_STRBUF, 0, 0, desc }
273 
274 #define OPT_NUM(letter, name, field, min, max, desc) \
275 	{ letter, name, &diskStructure->field, \
276 	  sizeof(diskStructure->field) == 8 ? OPT_INT64 : \
277 	  (sizeof(diskStructure->field) == 4 ? OPT_INT32 : \
278 	  (sizeof(diskStructure->field) == 2 ? OPT_INT16 : OPT_INT8)), \
279 	  min, max, desc }
280 
281 #define OPT_BOOL(letter, name, field, desc) \
282 	OPT_NUM(letter, name, field, 0, 1, desc)
283 
284 void
285 udf_prep_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
286 {
287 	struct tm *tm;
288 	time_t now;
289 
290 	const option_t udf_options[] = {
291 		OPT_STR('T', "disctype", "disc type (cdrom,dvdrom,bdrom,dvdram,bdre,disk,cdr,dvdr,bdr,cdrw,dvdrw)"),
292 //		{ 'P', "progress", &display_progressbar, OPT_INT32, false, true,
293 //		  "display progress bar" },
294 		{ .name = NULL }
295 	};
296 
297 	/* initialise */
298 	format_str    = strdup("");
299 	req_enable    = req_disable = 0;
300 	format_flags  = FORMAT_INVALID;
301 	fsopts->sectorsize = 512;	/* minimum allowed sector size */
302 
303 	srandom((unsigned long) time(NULL));
304 
305 	mmc_profile = 0x01;		/* 'disc'/file */
306 
307 	udf_init_create_context();
308 	context.app_name  = APP_NAME;
309 	context.impl_name = IMPL_NAME;
310 	context.app_version_main = APP_VERSION_MAIN;
311 	context.app_version_sub  = APP_VERSION_SUB;
312 
313 	/* minimum and maximum UDF versions we advise */
314 	context.min_udf = 0x102;
315 	context.max_udf = 0x201;
316 
317 	/* use user's time zone as default */
318 	(void)time(&now);
319 	tm = localtime(&now);
320 	context.gmtoff = tm->tm_gmtoff;
321 
322 	/* return info */
323 	fsopts->fs_specific = NULL;
324 	fsopts->fs_options = copy_opts(udf_options);
325 }
326 
327 
328 void
329 udf_cleanup_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
330 {
331 	free(fsopts->fs_options);
332 }
333 
334 
335 #define CDRSIZE    ((uint64_t)   700*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
336 #define CDRWSIZE   ((uint64_t)   576*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
337 #define DVDRSIZE   ((uint64_t)  4488*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
338 #define DVDRAMSIZE ((uint64_t)  4330*1024*1024)	/* small approx with spare */
339 #define DVDRWSIZE  ((uint64_t)  4482*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
340 #define BDRSIZE    ((uint64_t) 23866*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
341 #define BDRESIZE   ((uint64_t) 23098*1024*1024)	/* small approx */
342 
343 int
344 udf_parse_opts(const char *option, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
345 {
346 	option_t *udf_options = fsopts->fs_options;
347 	uint64_t stdsize;
348 	uint32_t set_sectorsize;
349 	const char *name, *desc;
350 	char buf[1024];
351 	int i;
352 
353 	assert(option != NULL);
354 
355 	if (debug & DEBUG_FS_PARSE_OPTS)
356 		printf("udf_parse_opts: got `%s'\n", option);
357 
358 	i = set_option(udf_options, option, buf, sizeof(buf));
359 	if (i == -1)
360 		return 0;
361 
362 	if (udf_options[i].name == NULL)
363 		abort();
364 
365 	set_sectorsize = 0;
366 	stdsize = 0;
367 
368 	name = udf_options[i].name;
369 	desc = udf_options[i].desc;
370 	switch (udf_options[i].letter) {
371 	case 'T':
372 		if (strcmp(buf, "cdrom") == 0) {
373 			mmc_profile = 0x00;
374 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "dvdrom") == 0) {
375 			mmc_profile = 0x10;
376 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "bdrom") == 0) {
377 			mmc_profile = 0x40;
378 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "dvdram") == 0) {
379 			mmc_profile = 0x12;
380 			stdsize = DVDRAMSIZE;
381 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "bdre") == 0) {
382 			mmc_profile = 0x43;
383 			stdsize = BDRESIZE;
384 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "disk") == 0) {
385 			mmc_profile = 0x01;
386 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "cdr") == 0) {
387 			mmc_profile = 0x09;
388 			stdsize = CDRSIZE;
389 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "dvdr") == 0) {
390 			mmc_profile = 0x1b;
391 			stdsize = DVDRSIZE;
392 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "bdr") == 0) {
393 			mmc_profile = 0x41;
394 			stdsize = BDRSIZE;
395 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "cdrw") == 0) {
396 			mmc_profile = 0x0a;
397 			stdsize = CDRWSIZE;
398 		} else if (strcmp(buf, "dvdrw") == 0) {
399 			mmc_profile = 0x13;
400 			stdsize = DVDRWSIZE;
401 		} else {
402 			errx(EINVAL, "Unknown or unimplemented disc format");
403 			return 0;
404 		}
405 		if (mmc_profile != 0x01)
406 			set_sectorsize = 2048;
407 	}
408 	if (set_sectorsize)
409 		fsopts->sectorsize = set_sectorsize;
410 	if (stdsize)
411 		fsopts->size = stdsize;
412 	return 1;
413 }
414 
415 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
416 
417 struct udf_stats {
418 	uint32_t nfiles;
419 	uint32_t ndirs;
420 	uint32_t ndescr;
421 	uint32_t nmetadatablocks;
422 	uint32_t ndatablocks;
423 };
424 
425 
426 /* node reference administration */
427 static void
428 udf_inc_link(union dscrptr *dscr)
429 {
430 	struct file_entry *fe;
431 	struct extfile_entry *efe;
432 
433 	if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
434 		fe        = &dscr->fe;
435 		fe->link_cnt = udf_rw16(udf_rw16(fe->link_cnt) + 1);
436 	} else if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
437 		efe       = &dscr->efe;
438 		efe->link_cnt = udf_rw16(udf_rw16(efe->link_cnt) + 1);
439 	} else {
440 		errx(1, "Bad tag passed to udf_inc_link");
441 	}
442 }
443 
444 
445 static void
446 udf_set_link_cnt(union dscrptr *dscr, int num)
447 {
448 	struct file_entry *fe;
449 	struct extfile_entry *efe;
450 
451 	if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
452 		fe        = &dscr->fe;
453 		fe->link_cnt = udf_rw16(num);
454 	} else if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
455 		efe       = &dscr->efe;
456 		efe->link_cnt = udf_rw16(num);
457 	} else {
458 		errx(1, "Bad tag passed to udf_set_link_cnt");
459 	}
460 }
461 
462 
463 static uint32_t
464 udf_datablocks(off_t sz)
465 {
466 	/* predictor if it can be written inside the node */
467 	if (sz < context.sector_size - UDF_EXTFENTRY_SIZE - 16)
468 		return 0;
469 
470 	return UDF_ROUNDUP(sz, context.sector_size) / context.sector_size;
471 }
472 
473 
474 static void
475 udf_prepare_fids(struct long_ad *dir_icb, struct long_ad *dirdata_icb,
476 		uint8_t *dirdata, uint32_t dirdata_size)
477 {
478 	struct fileid_desc *fid;
479 	struct long_ad     *icb;
480 	uint32_t fidsize, offset;
481 	uint32_t location;
482 
483 	if (udf_datablocks(dirdata_size) == 0) {
484 		/* going internal */
485 		icb = dir_icb;
486 	} else {
487 		/* external blocks to write to */
488 		icb = dirdata_icb;
489 	}
490 
491 	for (offset = 0; offset < dirdata_size; offset += fidsize) {
492 		/* for each FID: */
493 		fid = (struct fileid_desc *) (dirdata + offset);
494 		assert(udf_rw16(fid->tag.id) == TAGID_FID);
495 
496 		location  = udf_rw32(icb->loc.lb_num);
497 		location += offset / context.sector_size;
498 
499 		fid->tag.tag_loc = udf_rw32(location);
500 		udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums((union dscrptr *) fid);
501 
502 		fidsize = udf_fidsize(fid);
503 	}
504 }
505 
506 static int
507 udf_file_inject_blob(union dscrptr *dscr,  uint8_t *blob, size_t size)
508 {
509 	struct icb_tag *icb;
510 	struct file_entry *fe;
511 	struct extfile_entry *efe;
512 	uint64_t inf_len, obj_size;
513 	uint32_t l_ea, l_ad;
514 	uint32_t free_space, desc_size;
515 	uint16_t crclen;
516 	uint8_t *data, *pos;
517 
518 	fe = NULL;
519 	efe = NULL;
520 	if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
521 		fe        = &dscr->fe;
522 		data      = fe->data;
523 		l_ea      = udf_rw32(fe->l_ea);
524 		l_ad      = udf_rw32(fe->l_ad);
525 		icb       = &fe->icbtag;
526 		inf_len   = udf_rw64(fe->inf_len);
527 		obj_size  = 0;
528 		desc_size = sizeof(struct file_entry);
529 	} else if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
530 		efe       = &dscr->efe;
531 		data      = efe->data;
532 		l_ea      = udf_rw32(efe->l_ea);
533 		l_ad      = udf_rw32(efe->l_ad);
534 		icb       = &efe->icbtag;
535 		inf_len   = udf_rw64(efe->inf_len);
536 		obj_size  = udf_rw64(efe->obj_size);
537 		desc_size = sizeof(struct extfile_entry);
538 	} else {
539 		errx(1, "Bad tag passed to udf_file_inject_blob");
540 	}
541 	crclen = udf_rw16(dscr->tag.desc_crc_len);
542 
543 	/* calculate free space */
544 	free_space = context.sector_size - (l_ea + l_ad) - desc_size;
545 	if (udf_datablocks(size)) {
546 		assert(free_space < size);
547 		return 1;
548 	}
549 
550 	/* going internal */
551 	assert(l_ad == 0);
552 	assert((udf_rw16(icb->flags) & UDF_ICB_TAG_FLAGS_ALLOC_MASK) ==
553 			UDF_ICB_INTERN_ALLOC);
554 
555 	// assert(free_space >= size);
556 	pos = data + l_ea + l_ad;
557 	memcpy(pos, blob, size);
558 	l_ad   += size;
559 	crclen += size;
560 
561 	inf_len  += size;
562 	obj_size += size;
563 
564 	if (fe) {
565 		fe->l_ad = udf_rw32(l_ad);
566 		fe->inf_len = udf_rw64(inf_len);
567 	} else if (efe) {
568 		efe->l_ad = udf_rw32(l_ad);
569 		efe->inf_len  = udf_rw64(inf_len);
570 		efe->obj_size = udf_rw64(inf_len);
571 	}
572 
573 	/* make sure the header sums stays correct */
574 	dscr->tag.desc_crc_len = udf_rw16(crclen);
575 	udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums(dscr);
576 
577 	return 0;
578 }
579 
580 
581 /* XXX no sparse file support */
582 static void
583 udf_append_file_mapping(union dscrptr *dscr, struct long_ad *piece)
584 {
585 	struct icb_tag *icb;
586 	struct file_entry *fe;
587 	struct extfile_entry *efe;
588 	struct long_ad *last_long, last_piece;
589 	struct short_ad *last_short, new_short;
590 	uint64_t inf_len, obj_size, logblks_rec;
591 	uint32_t l_ea, l_ad, size;
592 	uint32_t last_lb_num, piece_lb_num;
593 	uint32_t last_len, piece_len, last_flags;
594 	uint32_t rest_len, merge_len, last_end;
595 	uint16_t last_part_num, piece_part_num;
596 	uint16_t crclen, cur_alloc;
597 	uint8_t *data, *pos;
598 	const int short_len = sizeof(struct short_ad);
599 	const int long_len  = sizeof(struct long_ad);
600 	const int sector_size = context.sector_size;
601 	const int use_shorts = (context.data_part == context.metadata_part);
602 	uint64_t max_len = UDF_ROUNDDOWN(UDF_EXT_MAXLEN, sector_size);
603 
604 	if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
605 		fe          = &dscr->fe;
606 		data        =    fe->data;
607 		l_ea        = fe->l_ea;
608 		l_ad        = udf_rw32(fe->l_ad);
609 		icb         = &fe->icbtag;
610 		inf_len     = udf_rw64(fe->inf_len);
611 		logblks_rec = udf_rw64(fe->logblks_rec);
612 		obj_size = 0;
613 	} else if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
614 		efe         = &dscr->efe;
615 		data        = efe->data;
616 		l_ea        = efe->l_ea;
617 		l_ad        = udf_rw32(efe->l_ad);
618 		icb         = &efe->icbtag;
619 		inf_len     = udf_rw64(efe->inf_len);
620 		obj_size    = udf_rw64(efe->obj_size);
621 		logblks_rec = udf_rw64(efe->logblks_rec);
622 	} else {
623 		errx(1, "Bad tag passed to udf_file_append_blob");
624 	}
625 	crclen = udf_rw16(dscr->tag.desc_crc_len);
626 
627 	pos = data + l_ea;
628 	cur_alloc = udf_rw16(icb->flags);
629 	size = UDF_EXT_LEN(udf_rw32(piece->len));
630 
631 	/* extract last entry as a long_ad */
632 	memset(&last_piece, 0, sizeof(last_piece));
633 	last_len      = 0;
634 	last_lb_num   = 0;
635 	last_part_num = 0;
636 	if (l_ad != 0) {
637 		if (use_shorts) {
638 			assert(cur_alloc == UDF_ICB_SHORT_ALLOC);
639 			pos += l_ad - short_len;
640 			last_short   = (struct short_ad *) pos;
641 			last_lb_num  = udf_rw32(last_short->lb_num);
642 			last_part_num = udf_rw16(piece->loc.part_num);
643 			last_len     = UDF_EXT_LEN(udf_rw32(last_short->len));
644 			last_flags   = UDF_EXT_FLAGS(udf_rw32(last_short->len));
645 		} else {
646 			assert(cur_alloc == UDF_ICB_LONG_ALLOC);
647 			pos += l_ad - long_len;
648 			last_long    = (struct long_ad *) pos;
649 			last_lb_num  = udf_rw32(last_long->loc.lb_num);
650 			last_part_num = udf_rw16(last_long->loc.part_num);
651 			last_len     = UDF_EXT_LEN(udf_rw32(last_long->len));
652 			last_flags   = UDF_EXT_FLAGS(udf_rw32(last_long->len));
653 		}
654 	}
655 
656 	piece_len      = UDF_EXT_LEN(udf_rw32(piece->len));
657 	piece_lb_num   = udf_rw32(piece->loc.lb_num);
658 	piece_part_num = udf_rw16(piece->loc.part_num);
659 
660 	/* try merging */
661 	rest_len  = max_len - last_len;
662 
663 	merge_len = MIN(udf_rw32(piece->len), rest_len);
664 	last_end  = last_lb_num + (last_len / sector_size);
665 
666 	if ((piece_lb_num == last_end) && (last_part_num == piece_part_num)) {
667 		/* we can merge */
668 		last_len  += merge_len;
669 		piece_len -= merge_len;
670 
671 		/* write back merge result */
672 		if (use_shorts) {
673 			last_short->len = udf_rw32(last_len | last_flags);
674 		} else {
675 			last_long->len  = udf_rw32(last_len | last_flags);
676 		}
677 		piece_lb_num += merge_len / sector_size;
678 	}
679 
680 	if (piece_len) {
681 		/* append new entry */
682 		pos = data + l_ea + l_ad;
683 		if (use_shorts) {
684 			icb->flags = udf_rw16(UDF_ICB_SHORT_ALLOC);
685 			memset(&new_short, 0, short_len);
686 			new_short.len    = udf_rw32(piece_len);
687 			new_short.lb_num = udf_rw32(piece_lb_num);
688 			memcpy(pos, &new_short, short_len);
689 			l_ad += short_len;
690 			crclen += short_len;
691 		} else {
692 			icb->flags = udf_rw16(UDF_ICB_LONG_ALLOC);
693 			piece->len        = udf_rw32(piece_len);
694 			piece->loc.lb_num = udf_rw32(piece_lb_num);
695 			memcpy(pos, piece, long_len);
696 			l_ad += long_len;
697 			crclen += long_len;
698 		}
699 	}
700 	piece->len = udf_rw32(0);
701 
702 	inf_len  += size;
703 	obj_size += size;
704 	logblks_rec += UDF_ROUNDUP(size, sector_size) / sector_size;
705 
706 	dscr->tag.desc_crc_len = udf_rw16(crclen);
707 	if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
708 		fe->l_ad = udf_rw32(l_ad);
709 		fe->inf_len = udf_rw64(inf_len);
710 		fe->logblks_rec = udf_rw64(logblks_rec);
711 	} else if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
712 		efe->l_ad = udf_rw32(l_ad);
713 		efe->inf_len  = udf_rw64(inf_len);
714 		efe->obj_size = udf_rw64(inf_len);
715 		efe->logblks_rec = udf_rw64(logblks_rec);
716 	}
717 }
718 
719 
720 static int
721 udf_append_file_contents(union dscrptr *dscr, struct long_ad *data_icb,
722 		uint8_t *fdata, size_t flen)
723 {
724 	struct long_ad icb;
725 	uint32_t location;
726 	uint32_t phys;
727 	uint16_t vpart;
728 	uint8_t *bpos;
729 	int cnt, sects;
730 	int error;
731 
732 	if (udf_file_inject_blob(dscr, fdata, flen) == 0)
733 		return 0;
734 
735 	/* has to be appended in mappings */
736 	icb = *data_icb;
737 	icb.len = udf_rw32(flen);
738 	while (udf_rw32(icb.len) > 0)
739 		udf_append_file_mapping(dscr, &icb);
740 	udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums(dscr);
741 
742 	/* write out data piece */
743 	vpart    = udf_rw16(data_icb->loc.part_num);
744 	location = udf_rw32(data_icb->loc.lb_num);
745 	sects    = udf_datablocks(flen);
746 	for (cnt = 0; cnt < sects; cnt++) {
747 		bpos = fdata + cnt*context.sector_size;
748 		phys = context.vtop_offset[vpart] + location + cnt;
749 		error = udf_write_sector(bpos, phys);
750 		if (error)
751 			return error;
752 	}
753 	return 0;
754 }
755 
756 
757 static int
758 udf_create_new_file(struct stat *st, union dscrptr **dscr,
759 	int filetype, struct long_ad *icb)
760 {
761 	struct file_entry *fe;
762 	struct extfile_entry *efe;
763 	int error;
764 
765 	fe = NULL;
766 	efe = NULL;
767 	if (context.dscrver == 2) {
768 		error = udf_create_new_fe(&fe, filetype, st);
769 		if (error)
770 			errx(error, "can't create fe");
771 		*dscr = (union dscrptr *) fe;
772 		icb->longad_uniqueid = fe->unique_id;
773 	} else {
774 		error = udf_create_new_efe(&efe, filetype, st);
775 		if (error)
776 			errx(error, "can't create fe");
777 		*dscr = (union dscrptr *) efe;
778 		icb->longad_uniqueid = efe->unique_id;
779 	}
780 
781 	return 0;
782 }
783 
784 
785 static void
786 udf_estimate_walk(fsinfo_t *fsopts,
787 		fsnode *root, char *dir, struct udf_stats *stats)
788 {
789 	struct fileid_desc *fid;
790 	struct long_ad dummy_ref;
791 	fsnode *cur;
792 	fsinode *fnode;
793 	size_t pathlen = strlen(dir);
794 	char *mydir = dir + pathlen;
795 	off_t sz;
796 	uint32_t nblk, ddoff;
797 	uint32_t softlink_len;
798 	uint8_t *softlink_buf;
799 	int nentries;
800 	int error;
801 
802 	stats->ndirs++;
803 
804 	/*
805 	 * Count number of directory entries and count directory size; needed
806 	 * for the reservation of enough space for the directory. Pity we
807 	 * don't keep the FIDs we created. If it turns out to be a issue we
808 	 * can cache it later.
809 	 */
810 	fid = (struct fileid_desc *) malloc(context.sector_size);
811 	assert(fid);
812 
813 	ddoff = 40;	/* '..' entry */
814 	for (cur = root, nentries = 0; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
815 		switch (cur->type & S_IFMT) {
816 		default:
817 			/* what kind of nodes? */
818 			break;
819 		case S_IFCHR:
820 		case S_IFBLK:
821 			/* not supported yet */
822 			continue;
823 		case S_IFDIR:
824 			if (strcmp(cur->name, ".") == 0)
825 				continue;
826 		case S_IFLNK:
827 		case S_IFREG:
828 			/* create dummy FID to see how long name will become */
829 			udf_create_fid(ddoff, fid, cur->name, 0, &dummy_ref);
830 
831 			nentries++;
832 			ddoff += udf_fidsize(fid);
833 		}
834 	}
835 	sz = ddoff;
836 
837 	root->inode->st.st_size = sz;	/* max now */
838 	root->inode->flags |= FI_SIZED;
839 
840 	nblk = udf_datablocks(sz);
841 	stats->nmetadatablocks += nblk;
842 
843 	/* for each entry in the directory, there needs to be a (E)FE */
844 	stats->nmetadatablocks += nentries + 1;
845 
846 	/* recurse */
847 	for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
848 		switch (cur->type & S_IFMT) {
849 		default:
850 			/* what kind of nodes? */
851 			break;
852 		case S_IFCHR:
853 		case S_IFBLK:
854 			/* not supported yet */
855 			// stats->nfiles++;
856 			break;
857 		case S_IFDIR:
858 			if (strcmp(cur->name, ".") == 0)
859 				continue;
860 			/* empty dir? */
861 			if (!cur->child)
862 				break;
863 			mydir[0] = '/';
864 			strncpy(&mydir[1], cur->name, MAXPATHLEN - pathlen);
865 			udf_estimate_walk(fsopts, cur->child, dir, stats);
866 			mydir[0] = '\0';
867 			break;
868 		case S_IFREG:
869 			fnode = cur->inode;
870 			/* don't double-count hard-links */
871 			if (!(fnode->flags & FI_SIZED)) {
872 				sz = fnode->st.st_size;
873 				nblk = udf_datablocks(sz);
874 				stats->ndatablocks += nblk;
875 				/* ... */
876 				fnode->flags |= FI_SIZED;
877 			}
878 			stats->nfiles++;
879 			break;
880 		case S_IFLNK:
881 			/* softlink */
882 			fnode = cur->inode;
883 			/* don't double-count hard-links */
884 			if (!(fnode->flags & FI_SIZED)) {
885 				error = udf_encode_symlink(&softlink_buf,
886 						&softlink_len, cur->symlink);
887 				if (error) {
888 					printf("SOFTLINK error %d\n", error);
889 					break;
890 				}
891 				nblk = udf_datablocks(softlink_len);
892 				stats->ndatablocks += nblk;
893 				fnode->flags |= FI_SIZED;
894 
895 				free(softlink_buf);
896 			}
897 			stats->nfiles++;
898 			break;
899 		}
900 	}
901 }
902 
903 
904 #define UDF_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE (4*1024*1024)
905 static int
906 udf_copy_file(struct stat *st, char *path, fsnode *cur, struct fileid_desc *fid,
907 	struct long_ad *icb)
908 {
909 	union dscrptr *dscr;
910 	struct long_ad data_icb;
911 	fsinode *fnode;
912 	size_t sz, chunk, rd;
913 	uint8_t *data;
914 	int nblk;
915 	int i, f;
916 	int error;
917 
918 	fnode = cur->inode;
919 
920 	f = open(path, O_RDONLY);
921 	if (f < 0) {
922 		warn("Can't open file %s for reading", cur->name);
923 		return errno;
924 	}
925 
926 	/* claim disc space for the (e)fe descriptor for this file */
927 	udf_metadata_alloc(1, icb);
928 	udf_create_new_file(st, &dscr, UDF_ICB_FILETYPE_RANDOMACCESS, icb);
929 
930 	sz = fnode->st.st_size;
931 
932 	chunk = MIN(sz, UDF_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE);
933 	data = malloc(MAX(chunk, context.sector_size));
934 	assert(data);
935 
936 	printf("  ");
937 	i = 0;
938 	error = 0;
939 	while (chunk) {
940 		rd = read(f, data, chunk);
941 		if (rd != chunk) {
942 			warn("Short read of file %s\n", cur->name);
943 			error = errno;
944 			break;
945 		}
946 		printf("\b%c", "\\|/-"[i++ % 4]); fflush(stdout);fflush(stderr);
947 
948 		nblk = udf_datablocks(chunk);
949 		if (nblk > 0)
950 			udf_data_alloc(nblk, &data_icb);
951 		udf_append_file_contents(dscr, &data_icb, data, chunk);
952 
953 		sz -= chunk;
954 		chunk = MIN(sz, UDF_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE);
955 	}
956 	printf("\b \n");
957 	close(f);
958 	free(data);
959 
960 	/* write out dscr (e)fe */
961 	udf_set_link_cnt(dscr, fnode->nlink);
962 	udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, udf_rw32(icb->loc.lb_num),
963 		udf_rw16(icb->loc.part_num), 1);
964 	free(dscr);
965 
966 	/* remember our location for hardlinks */
967 	cur->inode->fsuse = malloc(sizeof(struct long_ad));
968 	memcpy(cur->inode->fsuse, icb, sizeof(struct long_ad));
969 
970 	return error;
971 }
972 
973 
974 static int
975 udf_populate_walk(fsinfo_t *fsopts, fsnode *root, char *dir,
976 		struct long_ad *parent_icb, struct long_ad *dir_icb)
977 {
978 	union dscrptr *dir_dscr, *dscr;
979 	struct fileid_desc *fid;
980 	struct long_ad icb, data_icb, dirdata_icb;
981 	fsnode *cur;
982 	fsinode *fnode;
983 	size_t pathlen = strlen(dir);
984 	size_t dirlen;
985 	char *mydir = dir + pathlen;
986 	uint32_t nblk, ddoff;
987 	uint32_t softlink_len;
988 	uint8_t *softlink_buf;
989 	uint8_t *dirdata;
990 	int error, ret, retval;
991 
992 	/* claim disc space for the (e)fe descriptor for this dir */
993 	udf_metadata_alloc(1, dir_icb);
994 
995 	/* create new e(fe) */
996 	udf_create_new_file(&root->inode->st, &dir_dscr,
997 		UDF_ICB_FILETYPE_DIRECTORY, dir_icb);
998 
999 	/* claim space for the directory contents */
1000 	dirlen = root->inode->st.st_size;
1001 	nblk = udf_datablocks(dirlen);
1002 	if (nblk > 0) {
1003 		/* claim disc space for the dir contents */
1004 		udf_data_alloc(nblk, &dirdata_icb);
1005 	}
1006 
1007 	/* allocate memory for the directory contents */
1008 	nblk++;
1009 	dirdata = malloc(nblk * context.sector_size);
1010 	assert(dirdata);
1011 	memset(dirdata, 0, nblk * context.sector_size);
1012 
1013 	/* create and append '..' */
1014 	fid = (struct fileid_desc *) dirdata;
1015 	ddoff = udf_create_parentfid(fid, parent_icb);
1016 
1017 	/* for '..' */
1018 	udf_inc_link(dir_dscr);
1019 
1020 	/* recurse */
1021 	retval = 0;
1022 	for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
1023 		mydir[0] = '/';
1024 		strncpy(&mydir[1], cur->name, MAXPATHLEN - pathlen);
1025 
1026 		fid = (struct fileid_desc *) (dirdata + ddoff);
1027 		switch (cur->type & S_IFMT) {
1028 		default:
1029 			/* what kind of nodes? */
1030 			retval = 2;
1031 			break;
1032 		case S_IFCHR:
1033 		case S_IFBLK:
1034 			/* not supported */
1035 			retval = 2;
1036 			warnx("device node %s not supported", dir);
1037 			break;
1038 		case S_IFDIR:
1039 			/* not an empty dir? */
1040 			if (strcmp(cur->name, ".") == 0)
1041 				break;
1042 			assert(cur->child);
1043 			if (cur->child) {
1044 				ret = udf_populate_walk(fsopts, cur->child,
1045 					dir, dir_icb, &icb);
1046 				if (ret)
1047 					retval = 2;
1048 			}
1049 			udf_create_fid(ddoff, fid, cur->name,
1050 					UDF_FILE_CHAR_DIR, &icb);
1051 			udf_inc_link(dir_dscr);
1052 			ddoff += udf_fidsize(fid);
1053 			break;
1054 		case S_IFREG:
1055 			fnode = cur->inode;
1056 			/* don't re-copy hard-links */
1057 			if (!(fnode->flags & FI_WRITTEN)) {
1058 				printf("%s", dir);
1059 				error = udf_copy_file(&fnode->st, dir, cur,
1060 					fid, &icb);
1061 				if (!error) {
1062 					fnode->flags |= FI_WRITTEN;
1063 					udf_create_fid(ddoff, fid, cur->name,
1064 						0, &icb);
1065 					ddoff += udf_fidsize(fid);
1066 				} else {
1067 					retval = 2;
1068 				}
1069 			} else {
1070 				/* hardlink! */
1071 				printf("%s (hardlink)\n", dir);
1072 				udf_create_fid(ddoff, fid, cur->name,
1073 					0, (struct long_ad *) (fnode->fsuse));
1074 				ddoff += udf_fidsize(fid);
1075 			}
1076 			fnode->nlink--;
1077 			if (fnode->nlink == 0)
1078 				free(fnode->fsuse);
1079 			break;
1080 		case S_IFLNK:
1081 			/* softlink */
1082 			fnode = cur->inode;
1083 			printf("%s -> %s\n", dir, cur->symlink);
1084 			error = udf_encode_symlink(&softlink_buf,
1085 					&softlink_len, cur->symlink);
1086 			if (error) {
1087 				printf("SOFTLINK error %d\n", error);
1088 				retval = 2;
1089 				break;
1090 			}
1091 
1092 			udf_metadata_alloc(1, &icb);
1093 			udf_create_new_file(&fnode->st, &dscr,
1094 				UDF_ICB_FILETYPE_SYMLINK, &icb);
1095 
1096 			nblk = udf_datablocks(softlink_len);
1097 			if (nblk > 0)
1098 				udf_data_alloc(nblk, &data_icb);
1099 			udf_append_file_contents(dscr, &data_icb,
1100 					softlink_buf, softlink_len);
1101 
1102 			/* write out dscr (e)fe */
1103 			udf_inc_link(dscr);
1104 			udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, udf_rw32(icb.loc.lb_num),
1105 				udf_rw16(icb.loc.part_num), 1);
1106 
1107 			free(dscr);
1108 			free(softlink_buf);
1109 
1110 			udf_create_fid(ddoff, fid, cur->name, 0, &icb);
1111 			ddoff += udf_fidsize(fid);
1112 			break;
1113 		}
1114 		mydir[0] = '\0';
1115 	}
1116 
1117 	/* writeout directory contents */
1118 	dirlen = ddoff;	/* XXX might bite back */
1119 
1120 	udf_prepare_fids(dir_icb, &dirdata_icb, dirdata, dirlen);
1121 	udf_append_file_contents(dir_dscr, &dirdata_icb, dirdata, dirlen);
1122 
1123 	/* write out dir_dscr (e)fe */
1124 	udf_write_dscr_virt(dir_dscr, udf_rw32(dir_icb->loc.lb_num),
1125 			udf_rw16(dir_icb->loc.part_num), 1);
1126 
1127 	free(dirdata);
1128 	free(dir_dscr);
1129 	return retval;
1130 }
1131 
1132 
1133 static int
1134 udf_populate(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts,
1135 		struct udf_stats *stats)
1136 {
1137 	struct long_ad rooticb;
1138 	static char path[MAXPATHLEN+1];
1139 	int error;
1140 
1141 	/* make sure the root gets the rootdir entry */
1142 	context.metadata_alloc_pos = layout.rootdir;
1143 	context.data_alloc_pos = layout.rootdir;
1144 
1145 	strncpy(path, dir, sizeof(path));
1146 	error = udf_populate_walk(fsopts, root, path, &rooticb, &rooticb);
1147 
1148 	return error;
1149 }
1150 
1151 
1152 static void
1153 udf_enumerate_and_estimate(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts,
1154 		struct udf_stats *stats)
1155 {
1156 	char path[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
1157 	off_t proposed_size;
1158 	uint32_t n, nblk;
1159 
1160 	strncpy(path, dir, sizeof(path));
1161 
1162 	/* calculate strict minimal size */
1163 	udf_estimate_walk(fsopts, root, path, stats);
1164 	printf("ndirs            %d\n", stats->ndirs);
1165 	printf("nfiles           %d\n", stats->nfiles);
1166 	printf("ndata_blocks     %d\n", stats->ndatablocks);
1167 	printf("nmetadata_blocks %d\n", stats->nmetadatablocks);
1168 	printf("\n");
1169 
1170 	/* adjust for options : free file nodes */
1171 	if (fsopts->freefiles) {
1172 		/* be mercifull and reserve more for the FID */
1173 		stats->nmetadatablocks += fsopts->freefiles * 1.5;
1174 	} else if ((n = fsopts->freefilepc)) {
1175 		stats->nmetadatablocks += (stats->nmetadatablocks*n) / (100-n);
1176 	}
1177 
1178 	/* adjust for options : free data blocks */
1179 	if (fsopts->freeblocks) {
1180 		stats->ndatablocks += fsopts->freeblocks;
1181 	} else if ((n = fsopts->freeblockpc)) {
1182 		stats->ndatablocks += (stats->ndatablocks * n) / (100-n);
1183 	}
1184 
1185 	/* rough predictor of minimum disc size */
1186 	nblk  = stats->ndatablocks + stats->nmetadatablocks;
1187 	nblk = (double) nblk * (1.0 + 1.0/8.0);		/* free space map    */
1188 	nblk += 256;					/* pre-volume space  */
1189 	nblk += 256;					/* post-volume space */
1190 	nblk += 64;					/* safeguard	     */
1191 
1192 	/* try to honour minimum size */
1193 	n = fsopts->minsize / fsopts->sectorsize;
1194 	if (nblk < n) {
1195 		stats->ndatablocks += (n - nblk);
1196 		nblk += n - nblk;
1197 	}
1198 	proposed_size = (off_t) nblk * fsopts->sectorsize;
1199 	/* sanity size */
1200 	if (proposed_size < 512*1024)
1201 		proposed_size = 512*1024;
1202 
1203 	if (fsopts->size) {
1204 		if (fsopts->size < proposed_size)
1205 			err(EINVAL, "makefs_udf: won't fit on disc!");
1206 	} else {
1207 		fsopts->size = proposed_size;
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	fsopts->inodes = stats->nfiles + stats->ndirs;
1211 }
1212 
1213 
1214 void
1215 udf_makefs(const char *image, const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
1216 {
1217 	struct udf_stats stats;
1218 	uint64_t truncate_len;
1219 	int error;
1220 
1221 	/* determine format */
1222 	udf_emulate_discinfo(fsopts, &mmc_discinfo, mmc_profile);
1223 	printf("req_enable %d, req_disable %d\n", req_enable, req_disable);
1224 
1225 	context.sector_size = fsopts->sectorsize;
1226 	error = udf_derive_format(req_enable, req_disable, false);
1227 	if (error)
1228 		err(EINVAL, "makefs_udf: can't determine format");
1229 
1230 	/* names */
1231 	error = udf_proces_names();
1232 	if (error)
1233 		err(EINVAL, "makefs_udf: bad names given");
1234 
1235 	/* set return value to 1 indicating error */
1236 	error = 1;
1237 
1238 	/* estimate the amount of space needed */
1239 	memset(&stats, 0, sizeof(stats));
1240 	udf_enumerate_and_estimate(dir, root, fsopts, &stats);
1241 
1242 	printf("Calculated size of `%s': %lld bytes, %ld inodes\n",
1243 	    image, (long long)fsopts->size, (long)fsopts->inodes);
1244 
1245 	/* create file image */
1246 	if ((fd = open(image, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666)) == -1) {
1247 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", image);
1248 	}
1249 	if (lseek(fd, fsopts->size - 1, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
1250 		goto err_exit;
1251 	}
1252 	if (write(fd, &fd, 1) != 1) {
1253 		goto err_exit;
1254 	}
1255 	if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
1256 		goto err_exit;
1257 	}
1258 	fsopts->fd = fd;
1259 
1260 	/* calculate metadata percentage */
1261 	meta_fract = fsopts->size / (stats.nmetadatablocks*fsopts->sectorsize);
1262 	meta_fract = ((int) ((meta_fract + 0.005)*100.0)) / 100;
1263 
1264 	/* update mmc info but now with correct size */
1265 	udf_emulate_discinfo(fsopts, &mmc_discinfo, mmc_profile);
1266 
1267 	udf_do_newfs_prefix();
1268 
1269 	/* update context */
1270 	context.unique_id = 0;
1271 
1272 	/* XXX are the next two needed? or should be re-count them? */
1273 	context.num_files = stats.nfiles;
1274 	context.num_directories = stats.ndirs;
1275 
1276 	error = udf_populate(dir, root, fsopts, &stats);
1277 
1278 	udf_do_newfs_postfix();
1279 
1280 	if (format_flags & FORMAT_VAT) {
1281 		truncate_len = context.vtop_offset[context.data_part] +
1282 			context.data_alloc_pos;
1283 		truncate_len *= context.sector_size;
1284 
1285 		printf("\nTruncing the disc-image to allow for VAT\n");
1286 		printf("Free space left on this volume approx. "
1287 			"%"PRIu64" KiB, %"PRIu64" MiB\n",
1288 			(fsopts->size - truncate_len)/1024,
1289 			(fsopts->size - truncate_len)/1024/1024);
1290 		ftruncate(fd, truncate_len);
1291 	}
1292 
1293 	if (error) {
1294 		error = 2;	/* some files couldn't be added */
1295 		goto err_exit;
1296 	}
1297 
1298 	close(fd);
1299 	return;
1300 
1301 err_exit:
1302 	close(fd);
1303 	if (error == 2) {
1304 		errx(error, "Not all files could be added");
1305 	} else {
1306 		errx(error, "creation of %s failed", image);
1307 	}
1308 }
1309 
1310