xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision b1c86f5f087524e68db12794ee9c3e3da1ab17a0)
1 /*	$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.53 2009/04/15 10:05:41 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
18  *      by John M. Vinopal.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*-
36  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
37  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
65 #ifndef lint
66 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\
67  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
68 #endif /* not lint */
69 
70 #ifndef lint
71 #if 0
72 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
73 #else
74 __RCSID("$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.53 2009/04/15 10:05:41 lukem Exp $");
75 #endif
76 #endif /* not lint */
77 
78 #include <sys/types.h>
79 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
80 #include <sys/sched.h>
81 #include <sys/time.h>
82 
83 #include <err.h>
84 #include <ctype.h>
85 #include <signal.h>
86 #include <stdio.h>
87 #include <stdlib.h>
88 #include <string.h>
89 #include <unistd.h>
90 
91 #include "drvstats.h"
92 
93 /* Namelist and memory files. */
94 char	*nlistf, *memf;
95 
96 int		hz, reps, interval;
97 static int	todo = 0;
98 static int	defdrives;
99 static int	winlines = 20;
100 static int	wincols = 80;
101 
102 #define	ISSET(x, a)	((x) & (a))
103 #define	SHOW_CPU	(1<<0)
104 #define	SHOW_TTY	(1<<1)
105 #define	SHOW_STATS_1	(1<<2)
106 #define	SHOW_STATS_2	(1<<3)
107 #define	SHOW_STATS_X	(1<<4)
108 #define	SHOW_TOTALS	(1<<7)
109 #define	SHOW_STATS_ALL	(SHOW_STATS_1 | SHOW_STATS_2 | SHOW_STATS_X)
110 
111 static void cpustats(void);
112 static void drive_stats(double);
113 static void drive_stats2(double);
114 static void drive_statsx(double);
115 static void sig_header(int);
116 static volatile int do_header;
117 static void header(void);
118 static void usage(void);
119 static void display(void);
120 static int selectdrives(int, char *[]);
121 
122 int main(int, char *[]);
123 
124 int
125 main(int argc, char *argv[])
126 {
127 	int ch, hdrcnt, ndrives, lines;
128 	struct timespec	tv;
129 	struct ttysize ts;
130 
131 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cc:dDIM:N:Tw:x")) != -1)
132 		switch (ch) {
133 		case 'c':
134 			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
135 				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
136 			break;
137 		case 'C':
138 			todo |= SHOW_CPU;
139 			break;
140 		case 'd':
141 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
142 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_1;
143 			break;
144 		case 'D':
145 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
146 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_2;
147 			break;
148 		case 'I':
149 			todo |= SHOW_TOTALS;
150 			break;
151 		case 'M':
152 			memf = optarg;
153 			break;
154 		case 'N':
155 			nlistf = optarg;
156 			break;
157 		case 'T':
158 			todo |= SHOW_TTY;
159 			break;
160 		case 'w':
161 			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
162 				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
163 			break;
164 		case 'x':
165 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
166 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
167 			break;
168 		case '?':
169 		default:
170 			usage();
171 		}
172 	argc -= optind;
173 	argv += optind;
174 
175 	if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL))
176 		todo |= SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_1;
177 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
178 		todo &= ~(SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL);
179 		todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
180 	}
181 
182 	if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGSIZE, &ts) != -1) {
183 		if (ts.ts_lines)
184 			winlines = ts.ts_lines;
185 		if (ts.ts_cols)
186 			wincols = ts.ts_cols;
187 	}
188 
189 	defdrives = wincols;
190 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
191 		defdrives -= 16;	/* XXX magic number */
192 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
193 		defdrives -= 9;		/* XXX magic number */
194 	defdrives /= 18;		/* XXX magic number */
195 
196 	drvinit(0);
197 	cpureadstats();
198 	drvreadstats();
199 	ndrives = selectdrives(argc, argv);
200 	if (ndrives == 0) {
201 		/* No drives are selected.  No need to show drive stats. */
202 		todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
203 		if (todo == 0)
204 			errx(1, "no drives");
205 	}
206 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X))
207 		lines = ndrives;
208 	else
209 		lines = 1;
210 
211 	tv.tv_sec = interval;
212 	tv.tv_nsec = 0;
213 
214 	/* print a new header on sigcont */
215 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, sig_header);
216 
217 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
218 		if (do_header || lines > 1 || (hdrcnt -= lines) <= 0) {
219 			do_header = 0;
220 			header();
221 			hdrcnt = winlines - 4;
222 		}
223 
224 		if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS)) {
225 			cpuswap();
226 			drvswap();
227 			tkswap();
228 		}
229 
230 		display();
231 
232 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
233 			break;
234 		nanosleep(&tv, NULL);
235 		cpureadstats();
236 		drvreadstats();
237 	}
238 	exit(0);
239 }
240 
241 static void
242 sig_header(int signo)
243 {
244 	do_header = 1;
245 }
246 
247 static void
248 header()
249 {
250 	size_t i;
251 
252 					/* Main Headers. */
253 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
254 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS)) {
255 			(void)printf(
256 			    "device  read KB/t    xfr   time     MB  ");
257 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    xfr   time     MB\n");
258 		} else {
259 			(void)printf(
260 			    "device  read KB/t    r/s   time     MB/s");
261 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    w/s   time     MB/s\n");
262 		}
263 		return;
264 	}
265 
266 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
267 		(void)printf("      tty");
268 
269 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
270 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
271 			if (cur.select[i])
272 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.name[i]);
273 	}
274 
275 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
276 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
277 			if (cur.select[i])
278 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.name[i]);
279 	}
280 
281 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
282 		(void)printf("            CPU");
283 
284 	printf("\n");
285 
286 					/* Sub-Headers. */
287 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
288 		printf(" tin tout");
289 
290 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
291 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
292 			if (cur.select[i]) {
293 				if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
294 					(void)printf("  KB/t  xfr  MB   ");
295 				else
296 					(void)printf("  KB/t  t/s  MB/s ");
297 			}
298 	}
299 
300 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
301 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
302 			if (cur.select[i])
303 				(void)printf("    KB   xfr time ");
304 	}
305 
306 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
307 		(void)printf(" us ni sy in id");
308 	printf("\n");
309 }
310 
311 static void
312 drive_stats(double etime)
313 {
314 	size_t dn;
315 	double atime, mbps;
316 
317 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
318 		if (!cur.select[dn])
319 			continue;
320 					/* average Kbytes per transfer. */
321 		if (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn])
322 			mbps = ((cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) /
323 			    1024.0) / (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]);
324 		else
325 			mbps = 0.0;
326 		(void)printf(" %5.2f", mbps);
327 
328 					/* average transfers per second. */
329 		(void)printf(" %4.0f",
330 		    (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]) / etime);
331 
332 					/* time busy in drive activity */
333 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
334 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
335 
336 					/* Megabytes per second. */
337 		if (atime != 0.0)
338 			mbps = (cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) /
339 			    (double)(1024 * 1024);
340 		else
341 			mbps = 0;
342 		(void)printf(" %5.2f ", mbps / etime);
343 	}
344 }
345 
346 static void
347 drive_stats2(double etime)
348 {
349 	size_t dn;
350 	double atime;
351 
352 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
353 		if (!cur.select[dn])
354 			continue;
355 
356 					/* average kbytes per second. */
357 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
358 		    (cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) / 1024.0 / etime);
359 
360 					/* average transfers per second. */
361 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
362 		    (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]) / etime);
363 
364 					/* average time busy in drive activity */
365 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
366 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
367 		(void)printf(" %4.2f ", atime / etime);
368 	}
369 }
370 
371 static void
372 drive_statsx(double etime)
373 {
374 	size_t dn;
375 	double atime, kbps;
376 
377 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
378 		if (!cur.select[dn])
379 			continue;
380 
381 		(void)printf("%-8.8s", cur.name[dn]);
382 
383 					/* average read Kbytes per transfer */
384 		if (cur.rxfer[dn])
385 			kbps = (cur.rbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.rxfer[dn];
386 		else
387 			kbps = 0.0;
388 		(void)printf(" %8.2f", kbps);
389 
390 					/* average read transfers
391 					   (per second) */
392 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.rxfer[dn] / etime);
393 
394 					/* time read busy in drive activity */
395 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
396 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
397 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
398 
399 					/* average read megabytes
400 					   (per second) */
401 		(void)printf(" %8.2f",
402 		    cur.rbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
403 
404 
405 					/* average write Kbytes per transfer */
406 		if (cur.wxfer[dn])
407 			kbps = (cur.wbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.wxfer[dn];
408 		else
409 			kbps = 0.0;
410 		(void)printf("   %8.2f", kbps);
411 
412 					/* average write transfers
413 					   (per second) */
414 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.wxfer[dn] / etime);
415 
416 					/* time write busy in drive activity */
417 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
418 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
419 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
420 
421 					/* average write megabytes
422 					   (per second) */
423 		(void)printf(" %8.2f\n",
424 		    cur.wbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
425 	}
426 }
427 
428 static void
429 cpustats(void)
430 {
431 	int state;
432 	double ttime;
433 
434 	ttime = 0;
435 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
436 		ttime += cur.cp_time[state];
437 	if (!ttime)
438 		ttime = 1.0;
439 			/* States are generally never 100% and can use %3.0f. */
440 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
441 		printf(" %2.0f", 100. * cur.cp_time[state] / ttime);
442 }
443 
444 static void
445 usage(void)
446 {
447 
448 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdDITx] [-c count] [-M core] "
449 	    "[-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
450 	exit(1);
451 }
452 
453 static void
454 display(void)
455 {
456 	double	etime;
457 
458 	/* Sum up the elapsed ticks. */
459 	etime = cur.cp_etime;
460 
461 	/*
462 	 * If we're showing totals only, then don't divide by the
463 	 * system time.
464 	 */
465 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
466 		etime = 1.0;
467 
468 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
469 		drive_statsx(etime);
470 		goto out;
471 	}
472 
473 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
474 		printf("%4.0f %4.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
475 
476 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
477 		drive_stats(etime);
478 	}
479 
480 
481 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
482 		drive_stats2(etime);
483 	}
484 
485 
486 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
487 		cpustats();
488 
489 	(void)printf("\n");
490 
491 out:
492 	(void)fflush(stdout);
493 }
494 
495 static int
496 selectdrives(int argc, char *argv[])
497 {
498 	int	i, maxdrives, ndrives, tried;
499 
500 	/*
501 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
502 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
503 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
504 	 * few that fit.
505 	 *
506 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
507 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
508 	 */
509 
510 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
511 	for (tried = ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
512 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
513 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)**argv))
514 			break;
515 #endif
516 		tried++;
517 		for (i = 0; i < (int)ndrive; i++) {
518 			if (strcmp(cur.name[i], *argv))
519 				continue;
520 			cur.select[i] = 1;
521 			++ndrives;
522 		}
523 
524 	}
525 
526 	if (ndrives == 0 && tried == 0) {
527 		/*
528 		 * Pick up to defdrives (or all if -x is given) drives
529 		 * if none specified.
530 		 */
531 		maxdrives = (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) ||
532 			     (int)ndrive < defdrives)
533 			? (int)(ndrive) : defdrives;
534 		for (i = 0; i < maxdrives; i++) {
535 			cur.select[i] = 1;
536 
537 			++ndrives;
538 			if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) && ndrives == defdrives)
539 				break;
540 		}
541 	}
542 
543 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
544 	if (*argv) {
545 		interval = atoi(*argv);
546 		if (*++argv)
547 			reps = atoi(*argv);
548 	}
549 #endif
550 
551 	if (interval) {
552 		if (!reps)
553 			reps = -1;
554 	} else
555 		if (reps)
556 			interval = 1;
557 
558 	return (ndrives);
559 }
560