xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision 6a493d6bc668897c91594964a732d38505b70cbb)
1 /*	$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.60 2011/08/30 19:06:06 joerg Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
18  *      by John M. Vinopal.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*-
36  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
37  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
65 #ifndef lint
66 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\
67  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
68 #endif /* not lint */
69 
70 #ifndef lint
71 #if 0
72 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
73 #else
74 __RCSID("$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.60 2011/08/30 19:06:06 joerg Exp $");
75 #endif
76 #endif /* not lint */
77 
78 #include <sys/types.h>
79 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
80 #include <sys/sched.h>
81 #include <sys/time.h>
82 
83 #include <err.h>
84 #include <ctype.h>
85 #include <signal.h>
86 #include <stdio.h>
87 #include <stdlib.h>
88 #include <string.h>
89 #include <unistd.h>
90 #include <math.h>
91 
92 #include "drvstats.h"
93 
94 /* Namelist and memory files. */
95 char	*nlistf, *memf;
96 
97 int		hz;
98 static int	reps, interval;
99 static int	todo = 0;
100 static int	defdrives;
101 static int	winlines = 20;
102 static int	wincols = 80;
103 
104 #define	MAX(a,b)	(((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
105 
106 #define	ISSET(x, a)	((x) & (a))
107 #define	SHOW_CPU	(1<<0)
108 #define	SHOW_TTY	(1<<1)
109 #define	SHOW_STATS_1	(1<<2)
110 #define	SHOW_STATS_2	(1<<3)
111 #define	SHOW_STATS_X	(1<<4)
112 #define	SHOW_TOTALS	(1<<7)
113 #define	SHOW_STATS_ALL	(SHOW_STATS_1 | SHOW_STATS_2 | SHOW_STATS_X)
114 
115 static void cpustats(void);
116 static void drive_stats(double);
117 static void drive_stats2(double);
118 static void drive_statsx(double);
119 static void sig_header(int);
120 static volatile int do_header;
121 static void header(void);
122 __dead static void usage(void);
123 static void display(void);
124 static int selectdrives(int, char *[]);
125 
126 int
127 main(int argc, char *argv[])
128 {
129 	int ch, hdrcnt, ndrives, lines;
130 	struct timespec	tv;
131 	struct ttysize ts;
132 
133 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cc:dDIM:N:Tw:x")) != -1)
134 		switch (ch) {
135 		case 'c':
136 			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
137 				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
138 			break;
139 		case 'C':
140 			todo |= SHOW_CPU;
141 			break;
142 		case 'd':
143 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
144 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_1;
145 			break;
146 		case 'D':
147 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
148 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_2;
149 			break;
150 		case 'I':
151 			todo |= SHOW_TOTALS;
152 			break;
153 		case 'M':
154 			memf = optarg;
155 			break;
156 		case 'N':
157 			nlistf = optarg;
158 			break;
159 		case 'T':
160 			todo |= SHOW_TTY;
161 			break;
162 		case 'w':
163 			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
164 				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
165 			break;
166 		case 'x':
167 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
168 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
169 			break;
170 		case '?':
171 		default:
172 			usage();
173 		}
174 	argc -= optind;
175 	argv += optind;
176 
177 	if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL))
178 		todo |= SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_1;
179 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
180 		todo &= ~(SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL);
181 		todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
182 	}
183 
184 	if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGSIZE, &ts) != -1) {
185 		if (ts.ts_lines)
186 			winlines = ts.ts_lines;
187 		if (ts.ts_cols)
188 			wincols = ts.ts_cols;
189 	}
190 
191 	defdrives = wincols;
192 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
193 		defdrives -= 16;	/* XXX magic number */
194 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
195 		defdrives -= 9;		/* XXX magic number */
196 	defdrives /= 18;		/* XXX magic number */
197 
198 	drvinit(0);
199 	cpureadstats();
200 	drvreadstats();
201 	ndrives = selectdrives(argc, argv);
202 	if (ndrives == 0) {
203 		/* No drives are selected.  No need to show drive stats. */
204 		todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
205 		if (todo == 0)
206 			errx(1, "no drives");
207 	}
208 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X))
209 		lines = ndrives;
210 	else
211 		lines = 1;
212 
213 	tv.tv_sec = interval;
214 	tv.tv_nsec = 0;
215 
216 	/* print a new header on sigcont */
217 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, sig_header);
218 
219 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
220 		if (do_header || lines > 1 || (hdrcnt -= lines) <= 0) {
221 			do_header = 0;
222 			header();
223 			hdrcnt = winlines - 4;
224 		}
225 
226 		if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS)) {
227 			cpuswap();
228 			drvswap();
229 			tkswap();
230 		}
231 
232 		display();
233 
234 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
235 			break;
236 		nanosleep(&tv, NULL);
237 		cpureadstats();
238 		drvreadstats();
239 	}
240 	exit(0);
241 }
242 
243 static void
244 sig_header(int signo)
245 {
246 	do_header = 1;
247 }
248 
249 static void
250 header(void)
251 {
252 	size_t i;
253 
254 					/* Main Headers. */
255 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
256 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS)) {
257 			(void)printf(
258 			    "device  read KB/t    xfr   time     MB  ");
259 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    xfr   time     MB\n");
260 		} else {
261 			(void)printf(
262 			    "device  read KB/t    r/s   time     MB/s");
263 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    w/s   time     MB/s\n");
264 		}
265 		return;
266 	}
267 
268 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
269 		(void)printf("      tty");
270 
271 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
272 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
273 			if (cur.select[i])
274 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.name[i]);
275 	}
276 
277 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
278 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
279 			if (cur.select[i])
280 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.name[i]);
281 	}
282 
283 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
284 		(void)printf("            CPU");
285 
286 	printf("\n");
287 
288 					/* Sub-Headers. */
289 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
290 		printf(" tin tout");
291 
292 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
293 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
294 			if (cur.select[i]) {
295 				if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
296 					(void)printf("  KB/t  xfr  MB   ");
297 				else
298 					(void)printf("  KB/t  t/s  MB/s ");
299 			}
300 	}
301 
302 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
303 		for (i = 0; i < ndrive; i++)
304 			if (cur.select[i])
305 				(void)printf("    KB   xfr time ");
306 	}
307 
308 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
309 		(void)printf(" us ni sy in id");
310 	printf("\n");
311 }
312 
313 static void
314 drive_stats(double etime)
315 {
316 	size_t dn;
317 	double atime, mbps;
318 
319 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
320 		if (!cur.select[dn])
321 			continue;
322 					/* average Kbytes per transfer. */
323 		if (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn])
324 			mbps = ((cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) /
325 			    1024.0) / (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]);
326 		else
327 			mbps = 0.0;
328 		(void)printf(" %5.*f",
329 		    MAX(0, 3 - (int)floor(log10(fmax(1.0, mbps)))), mbps);
330 
331 					/* average transfers per second. */
332 		(void)printf(" %4.0f",
333 		    (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]) / etime);
334 
335 					/* time busy in drive activity */
336 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
337 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
338 
339 					/* Megabytes per second. */
340 		if (atime != 0.0)
341 			mbps = (cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) /
342 			    (double)(1024 * 1024);
343 		else
344 			mbps = 0;
345 		mbps /= etime;
346 		(void)printf(" %5.*f ",
347 		    MAX(0, 3 - (int)floor(log10(fmax(1.0, mbps)))), mbps);
348 	}
349 }
350 
351 static void
352 drive_stats2(double etime)
353 {
354 	size_t dn;
355 	double atime;
356 
357 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
358 		if (!cur.select[dn])
359 			continue;
360 
361 					/* average kbytes per second. */
362 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
363 		    (cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) / 1024.0 / etime);
364 
365 					/* average transfers per second. */
366 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
367 		    (cur.rxfer[dn] + cur.wxfer[dn]) / etime);
368 
369 					/* average time busy in drive activity */
370 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
371 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
372 		(void)printf(" %4.2f ", atime / etime);
373 	}
374 }
375 
376 static void
377 drive_statsx(double etime)
378 {
379 	size_t dn;
380 	double atime, kbps;
381 
382 	for (dn = 0; dn < ndrive; ++dn) {
383 		if (!cur.select[dn])
384 			continue;
385 
386 		(void)printf("%-8.8s", cur.name[dn]);
387 
388 					/* average read Kbytes per transfer */
389 		if (cur.rxfer[dn])
390 			kbps = (cur.rbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.rxfer[dn];
391 		else
392 			kbps = 0.0;
393 		(void)printf(" %8.2f", kbps);
394 
395 					/* average read transfers
396 					   (per second) */
397 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.rxfer[dn] / etime);
398 
399 					/* time read busy in drive activity */
400 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
401 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
402 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
403 
404 					/* average read megabytes
405 					   (per second) */
406 		(void)printf(" %8.2f",
407 		    cur.rbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
408 
409 
410 					/* average write Kbytes per transfer */
411 		if (cur.wxfer[dn])
412 			kbps = (cur.wbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.wxfer[dn];
413 		else
414 			kbps = 0.0;
415 		(void)printf("   %8.2f", kbps);
416 
417 					/* average write transfers
418 					   (per second) */
419 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.wxfer[dn] / etime);
420 
421 					/* time write busy in drive activity */
422 		atime = (double)cur.time[dn].tv_sec +
423 		    ((double)cur.time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
424 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
425 
426 					/* average write megabytes
427 					   (per second) */
428 		(void)printf(" %8.2f\n",
429 		    cur.wbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
430 	}
431 }
432 
433 static void
434 cpustats(void)
435 {
436 	int state;
437 	double ttime;
438 
439 	ttime = 0;
440 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
441 		ttime += cur.cp_time[state];
442 	if (!ttime)
443 		ttime = 1.0;
444 			/* States are generally never 100% and can use %3.0f. */
445 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
446 		printf(" %2.0f", 100. * cur.cp_time[state] / ttime);
447 }
448 
449 static void
450 usage(void)
451 {
452 
453 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdDITx] [-c count] [-M core] "
454 	    "[-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
455 	exit(1);
456 }
457 
458 static void
459 display(void)
460 {
461 	double	etime;
462 
463 	/* Sum up the elapsed ticks. */
464 	etime = cur.cp_etime;
465 
466 	/*
467 	 * If we're showing totals only, then don't divide by the
468 	 * system time.
469 	 */
470 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
471 		etime = 1.0;
472 
473 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
474 		drive_statsx(etime);
475 		goto out;
476 	}
477 
478 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
479 		printf("%4.0f %4.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
480 
481 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
482 		drive_stats(etime);
483 	}
484 
485 
486 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2)) {
487 		drive_stats2(etime);
488 	}
489 
490 
491 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
492 		cpustats();
493 
494 	(void)printf("\n");
495 
496 out:
497 	(void)fflush(stdout);
498 }
499 
500 static int
501 selectdrives(int argc, char *argv[])
502 {
503 	int	i, maxdrives, ndrives, tried;
504 
505 	/*
506 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
507 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
508 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
509 	 * few that fit.
510 	 *
511 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
512 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
513 	 */
514 
515 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
516 	for (tried = ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
517 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
518 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)**argv))
519 			break;
520 #endif
521 		tried++;
522 		for (i = 0; i < (int)ndrive; i++) {
523 			if (strcmp(cur.name[i], *argv))
524 				continue;
525 			cur.select[i] = 1;
526 			++ndrives;
527 		}
528 
529 	}
530 
531 	if (ndrives == 0 && tried == 0) {
532 		/*
533 		 * Pick up to defdrives (or all if -x is given) drives
534 		 * if none specified.
535 		 */
536 		maxdrives = (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) ||
537 			     (int)ndrive < defdrives)
538 			? (int)(ndrive) : defdrives;
539 		for (i = 0; i < maxdrives; i++) {
540 			cur.select[i] = 1;
541 
542 			++ndrives;
543 			if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) && ndrives == defdrives)
544 				break;
545 		}
546 	}
547 
548 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
549 	if (*argv) {
550 		interval = atoi(*argv);
551 		if (*++argv)
552 			reps = atoi(*argv);
553 	}
554 #endif
555 
556 	if (interval) {
557 		if (!reps)
558 			reps = -1;
559 	} else
560 		if (reps)
561 			interval = 1;
562 
563 	return (ndrives);
564 }
565