xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c (revision 23c8222edbfb0f0932d88a8351d3a0cf817dfb9e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.43 2004/10/29 21:27:27 dsl Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
18  *      by John M. Vinopal.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*-
36  * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
37  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
65 #ifndef lint
66 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
67         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
68 #endif /* not lint */
69 
70 #ifndef lint
71 #if 0
72 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)iostat.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
73 #else
74 __RCSID("$NetBSD: iostat.c,v 1.43 2004/10/29 21:27:27 dsl Exp $");
75 #endif
76 #endif /* not lint */
77 
78 #include <sys/types.h>
79 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
80 #include <sys/sched.h>
81 #include <sys/time.h>
82 
83 #include <err.h>
84 #include <ctype.h>
85 #include <signal.h>
86 #include <stdio.h>
87 #include <stdlib.h>
88 #include <string.h>
89 #include <unistd.h>
90 
91 #include "dkstats.h"
92 
93 /* Namelist and memory files. */
94 char	*nlistf, *memf;
95 
96 int		hz, reps, interval;
97 static int	todo = 0;
98 static int	defdrives;
99 static int	winlines = 20;
100 static int	wincols = 80;
101 
102 #define	ISSET(x, a)	((x) & (a))
103 #define	SHOW_CPU	1<<0
104 #define	SHOW_TTY	1<<1
105 #define	SHOW_STATS_1	1<<2
106 #define	SHOW_STATS_2	1<<3
107 #define	SHOW_STATS_X	1<<4
108 #define	SHOW_TOTALS	1<<7
109 #define	SHOW_STATS_ALL	(SHOW_STATS_1 | SHOW_STATS_2 | SHOW_STATS_X)
110 
111 static void cpustats(void);
112 static void disk_stats(double);
113 static void disk_stats2(double);
114 static void disk_statsx(double);
115 static void sig_header(int);
116 static volatile int do_header;
117 static void header(void);
118 static void usage(void);
119 static void display(void);
120 static int selectdrives(int, char *[]);
121 
122 int main(int, char *[]);
123 
124 int
125 main(int argc, char *argv[])
126 {
127 	int ch, hdrcnt, ndrives, lines;
128 	struct timespec	tv;
129 	struct ttysize ts;
130 
131 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cc:dDIM:N:Tw:x")) != -1)
132 		switch (ch) {
133 		case 'c':
134 			if ((reps = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
135 				errx(1, "repetition count <= 0.");
136 			break;
137 		case 'C':
138 			todo |= SHOW_CPU;
139 			break;
140 		case 'd':
141 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
142 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_1;
143 			break;
144 		case 'D':
145 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
146 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_2;
147 			break;
148 		case 'I':
149 			todo |= SHOW_TOTALS;
150 			break;
151 		case 'M':
152 			memf = optarg;
153 			break;
154 		case 'N':
155 			nlistf = optarg;
156 			break;
157 		case 'T':
158 			todo |= SHOW_TTY;
159 			break;
160 		case 'w':
161 			if ((interval = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
162 				errx(1, "interval <= 0.");
163 			break;
164 		case 'x':
165 			todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
166 			todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
167 			break;
168 		case '?':
169 		default:
170 			usage();
171 		}
172 	argc -= optind;
173 	argv += optind;
174 
175 	if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL))
176 		todo |= SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_1;
177 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
178 		todo &= ~(SHOW_CPU | SHOW_TTY | SHOW_STATS_ALL);
179 		todo |= SHOW_STATS_X;
180 	}
181 
182 	if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGSIZE, &ts) != -1) {
183 		if (ts.ts_lines)
184 			winlines = ts.ts_lines;
185 		if (ts.ts_cols)
186 			wincols = ts.ts_cols;
187 	}
188 
189 	defdrives = wincols;
190 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
191 		defdrives -= 16;	/* XXX magic number */
192 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
193 		defdrives -= 9;		/* XXX magic number */
194 	defdrives /= 18;		/* XXX magic number */
195 
196 	dkinit(0);
197 	dkreadstats();
198 	ndrives = selectdrives(argc, argv);
199 	if (ndrives == 0) {
200 		/* No drives are selected.  No need to show disk stats. */
201 		todo &= ~SHOW_STATS_ALL;
202 		if (todo == 0)
203 			errx(1, "no drives");
204 	}
205 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X))
206 		lines = ndrives;
207 	else
208 		lines = 1;
209 
210 	tv.tv_sec = interval;
211 	tv.tv_nsec = 0;
212 
213 	/* print a new header on sigcont */
214 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, sig_header);
215 
216 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
217 		if (do_header || ((hdrcnt -= lines) <= 0)) {
218 			do_header = 0;
219 			header();
220 			if ((hdrcnt -= lines) <= 0)
221 				hdrcnt = winlines - 4;
222 		}
223 
224 		if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
225 			dkswap();
226 		display();
227 
228 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
229 			break;
230 		nanosleep(&tv, NULL);
231 		dkreadstats();
232 	}
233 	exit(0);
234 }
235 
236 static void
237 sig_header(int signo)
238 {
239 	do_header = 1;
240 }
241 
242 static void
243 header()
244 {
245 	int i;
246 
247 					/* Main Headers. */
248 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
249 		if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS)) {
250 			(void)printf(
251 			    "device  read KB/t    xfr   time     MB  ");
252 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    xfr   time     MB\n");
253 		} else {
254 			(void)printf(
255 			    "device  read KB/t    r/s   time     MB/s");
256 			(void)printf(" write KB/t    w/s   time     MB/s\n");
257 		}
258 		return;
259 	}
260 
261 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
262 		(void)printf("      tty");
263 
264 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1))
265 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
266 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
267 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.dk_name[i]);
268 
269 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
270 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
271 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
272 				(void)printf("        %9.9s ", cur.dk_name[i]);
273 
274 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
275 		(void)printf("            CPU");
276 
277 	printf("\n");
278 
279 					/* Sub-Headers. */
280 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
281 		printf(" tin tout");
282 
283 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1)) {
284 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
285 			if (cur.dk_select[i]) {
286 				if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
287 					(void)printf("  KB/t  xfr  MB   ");
288 				else
289 					(void)printf("  KB/t  t/s  MB/s ");
290 			}
291 	}
292 
293 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
294 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++)
295 			if (cur.dk_select[i])
296 				(void)printf("    KB   xfr time ");
297 
298 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
299 		(void)printf(" us ni sy in id");
300 	printf("\n");
301 }
302 
303 static void
304 disk_stats(double etime)
305 {
306 	int dn;
307 	double atime, mbps;
308 
309 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
310 		if (!cur.dk_select[dn])
311 			continue;
312 					/* average Kbytes per transfer. */
313 		if (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn])
314 			mbps = ((cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) /
315 			    1024.0) / (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]);
316 		else
317 			mbps = 0.0;
318 		(void)printf(" %5.2f", mbps);
319 
320 					/* average transfers per second. */
321 		(void)printf(" %4.0f",
322 		    (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]) / etime);
323 
324 					/* time busy in disk activity */
325 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
326 		    ((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
327 
328 					/* Megabytes per second. */
329 		if (atime != 0.0)
330 			mbps = (cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) /
331 			    (double)(1024 * 1024);
332 		else
333 			mbps = 0;
334 		(void)printf(" %5.2f ", mbps / etime);
335 	}
336 }
337 
338 static void
339 disk_stats2(double etime)
340 {
341 	int dn;
342 	double atime;
343 
344 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
345 		if (!cur.dk_select[dn])
346 			continue;
347 
348 					/* average kbytes per second. */
349 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
350 		    (cur.dk_rbytes[dn] + cur.dk_wbytes[dn]) / 1024.0 / etime);
351 
352 					/* average transfers per second. */
353 		(void)printf(" %5.0f",
354 		    (cur.dk_rxfer[dn] + cur.dk_wxfer[dn]) / etime);
355 
356 					/* average time busy in disk activity */
357 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
358 		    ((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
359 		(void)printf(" %4.2f ", atime / etime);
360 	}
361 }
362 
363 static void
364 disk_statsx(double etime)
365 {
366 	int dn;
367 	double atime, kbps;
368 
369 	for (dn = 0; dn < dk_ndrive; ++dn) {
370 		if (!cur.dk_select[dn])
371 			continue;
372 
373 		(void)printf("%-8.8s", cur.dk_name[dn]);
374 
375 					/* average read Kbytes per transfer */
376 		if (cur.dk_rxfer[dn])
377 			kbps = (cur.dk_rbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.dk_rxfer[dn];
378 		else
379 			kbps = 0.0;
380 		(void)printf(" %8.2f", kbps);
381 
382 					/* average read transfers
383 					   (per second) */
384 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.dk_rxfer[dn] / etime);
385 
386 					/* time read busy in disk activity */
387 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
388 		    ((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
389 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
390 
391 					/* average read megabytes
392 					   (per second) */
393 		(void)printf(" %8.2f",
394 		    cur.dk_rbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
395 
396 
397 					/* average write Kbytes per transfer */
398 		if (cur.dk_wxfer[dn])
399 			kbps = (cur.dk_wbytes[dn] / 1024.0) / cur.dk_wxfer[dn];
400 		else
401 			kbps = 0.0;
402 		(void)printf("   %8.2f", kbps);
403 
404 					/* average write transfers
405 					   (per second) */
406 		(void)printf(" %6.0f", cur.dk_wxfer[dn] / etime);
407 
408 					/* time write busy in disk activity */
409 		atime = (double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_sec +
410 		    ((double)cur.dk_time[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
411 		(void)printf(" %6.2f", atime / etime);
412 
413 					/* average write megabytes
414 					   (per second) */
415 		(void)printf(" %8.2f\n",
416 		    cur.dk_wbytes[dn] / (1024.0 * 1024) / etime);
417 	}
418 }
419 
420 static void
421 cpustats(void)
422 {
423 	int state;
424 	double time;
425 
426 	time = 0;
427 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
428 		time += cur.cp_time[state];
429 	if (!time)
430 		time = 1.0;
431 			/* States are generally never 100% and can use %3.0f. */
432 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
433 		printf(" %2.0f", 100. * cur.cp_time[state] / time);
434 }
435 
436 static void
437 usage(void)
438 {
439 
440 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdDITx] [-c count] [-M core] "
441 	    "[-N system] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
442 	exit(1);
443 }
444 
445 static void
446 display(void)
447 {
448 	double	etime;
449 
450 	/* Sum up the elapsed ticks. */
451 	etime = cur.cp_etime;
452 
453 	/*
454 	 * If we're showing totals only, then don't divide by the
455 	 * system time.
456 	 */
457 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TOTALS))
458 		etime = 1.0;
459 
460 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X)) {
461 		disk_statsx(etime);
462 		goto out;
463 	}
464 
465 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_TTY))
466 		printf("%4.0f %4.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime, cur.tk_nout / etime);
467 
468 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_1))
469 		disk_stats(etime);
470 
471 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_2))
472 		disk_stats2(etime);
473 
474 	if (ISSET(todo, SHOW_CPU))
475 		cpustats();
476 
477 	(void)printf("\n");
478 
479 out:
480 	(void)fflush(stdout);
481 }
482 
483 static int
484 selectdrives(int argc, char *argv[])
485 {
486 	int	i, maxdrives, ndrives, tried;
487 
488 	/*
489 	 * Choose drives to be displayed.  Priority goes to (in order) drives
490 	 * supplied as arguments and default drives.  If everything isn't
491 	 * filled in and there are drives not taken care of, display the first
492 	 * few that fit.
493 	 *
494 	 * The backward compatibility #ifdefs permit the syntax:
495 	 *	iostat [ drives ] [ interval [ count ] ]
496 	 */
497 
498 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
499 	for (tried = ndrives = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
500 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
501 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)**argv))
502 			break;
503 #endif
504 		tried++;
505 		for (i = 0; i < dk_ndrive; i++) {
506 			if (strcmp(cur.dk_name[i], *argv))
507 				continue;
508 			cur.dk_select[i] = 1;
509 			++ndrives;
510 		}
511 	}
512 
513 	if (ndrives == 0 && tried == 0) {
514 		/*
515 		 * Pick up to defdrives (or all if -x is given) drives
516 		 * if none specified.
517 		 */
518 		maxdrives = (ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) ||
519 			     dk_ndrive < defdrives) ? dk_ndrive : defdrives;
520 		for (i = 0; i < maxdrives; i++) {
521 			cur.dk_select[i] = 1;
522 			++ndrives;
523 			if (!ISSET(todo, SHOW_STATS_X) && ndrives == defdrives)
524 				break;
525 		}
526 	}
527 
528 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
529 	if (*argv) {
530 		interval = atoi(*argv);
531 		if (*++argv)
532 			reps = atoi(*argv);
533 	}
534 #endif
535 
536 	if (interval) {
537 		if (!reps)
538 			reps = -1;
539 	} else
540 		if (reps)
541 			interval = 1;
542 
543 	return (ndrives);
544 }
545