xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/etcupdate/etcupdate.8 (revision b7b7574d3bf8eeb51a1fa3977b59142ec6434a55)
1.\"	$NetBSD: etcupdate.8,v 1.22 2014/06/12 14:07:13 apb Exp $
2.\"
3.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
4.\" All rights reserved.
5.\"
6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
7.\" by Martti Kuparinen.
8.\"
9.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11.\" are met:
12.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
19.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
20.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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26.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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30.Dd June 12, 2014
31.Dt ETCUPDATE 8
32.Os
33.Sh NAME
34.Nm etcupdate
35.Nd update the configuration and startup files in
36.Pa /etc
37.Sh SYNOPSIS
38.Nm
39.Op Fl ahlv
40.Op Fl d Ar destdir
41.Op Fl p Ar pager
42.Op Fl s Brq Ar srcdir | Ar tgzdir | Ar tgzfile
43.Op Fl t Ar temproot
44.Op Fl w Ar width
45.Sh DESCRIPTION
46.Nm
47is a tool that lets the administrator update the configuration and
48startup files in
49.Pa /etc
50(and some other directories like
51.Pa /dev ,
52.Pa /root
53and
54.Pa /var )
55without having to manually check and modify every file.
56The administrator should run this script after performing an operating
57system update (e.g. after running
58.Pa make build
59in
60.Pa /usr/src
61or after extracting new binary distribution files)
62to update to the latest configuration and startup files.
63.Pp
64.Nm
65compares the new configuration files against the currently installed files.
66The user is given the option of installing, merging or deleting each
67modified or missing file.
68The user can also view the differences between the files.
69By default, it shows the differences in the unified diff format.
70The default format can be toggled to show the differences
71in unified, context, or side by side formats or an user-defined
72command may be used to view differences.
73(And if
74.Nm wdiff
75is installed, it can also show differences on a word by word basis.)
76.Pp
77.Nm
78also detects if the user installs certain special files and performs
79corresponding tasks like remaking device nodes or rebuilding a database
80from the
81.Xr aliases 5
82file.
83Finally,
84.Nm
85runs
86.Xr postinstall 8
87to check the results.
88.Pp
89.Nm
90needs a clean set of new configuration files to compare the
91existing files against.
92These files, called the
93.Dq reference files
94in this manual, may be derived from either a source or binary
95distribution of
96.Nx .
97.Pp
98If the user is updating from sources (which is the default mode),
99.Nm
100will first create a copy of the reference files
101by running
102.Pa make distribution
103in
104.Pa /usr/src/etc ,
105installing the files to a so-called
106.Pa temproot .
107(See usage of the
108.Fl s Ar srcdir
109and
110.Fl t Ar temproot
111options later in this manual page.)
112Although this is the default mode, it is not recommended
113(see the
114.Dq BUGS
115section).
116.Pp
117Instead of using sources, it is recommended that the user should extract
118one or more binary distribution sets in a special location and use those
119as the reference files (see usage of the
120.Fl s Ar tgzdir
121option later in this manual page),
122or specify one or more binary distribution sets directly
123(see usage of the
124.Fl s Ar tgzfile
125option later in this manual page).
126.Pp
127The following options are available:
128.Bl -tag -width XXtXtemprootX
129.It Fl a
130.Nm
131can automatically update files which have not been modified locally.
132The
133.Fl a
134flag instructs
135.Nm
136to store MD5 checksums in
137.Pa /var/etcupdate
138and use these checksums to determine if there have been any
139local modifications.
140.It Fl d Ar destdir
141Use
142.Ar destdir
143instead of
144.Pa /
145as the top of the file system hierarchy to be updated.
146For example,
147.Ar destdir Ns Pa /etc
148will be used instead of
149.Pa /etc .
150.It Fl h
151Prints a help text.
152.It Fl l
153Automatically skip files with unchanged RCS IDs.
154This has the effect of leaving alone files that have been altered
155locally but which have not been changed in the
156reference files.
157Since this works using RCS IDs, files without RCS IDs will not be
158skipped even if only modified locally.
159This flag may be used together with the
160.Fl a
161flag described above.
162.It Fl p Ar pager
163The pager to use when displaying files.
164By default this is
165.Xr more 1
166but it can be changed either with this option
167or by defining the
168.Ev PAGER
169variable.
170.It Fl s Brq Ar srcdir | Ar tgzdir | Ar tgzfile
171The location of the reference files, or the
172.Nx
173source files used to create the reference files.
174This may be specified in one of three ways:
175.Bl -tag -width XXsXtgzfileXX
176.It Fl s Ar srcdir
177The top level directory of the
178.Nx
179source tree.
180By default this is
181.Pa /usr/src
182but it can be changed either with this option
183or the
184.Ev SRCDIR
185variable.
186The reference files will be created by running
187.Dq "make distribution"
188in the
189.Ar srcdir Ns Pa /etc
190directory.
191Note that
192.Ar srcdir
193should refer to the top of the source directory tree;
194earlier versions of
195.Nm
196expected
197.Ar srcdir
198to refer to the
199.Pa etc
200subdirectory within the source tree.
201.It Fl s Ar tgzdir
202A directory in which reference files have been
203extracted from a binary distribution of
204.Nx .
205The files that are distributed in the
206.Dq Pa etc.tgz
207set file must be present.
208The files that are distributed in the
209.Dq Pa xetc.tgz
210set file are optional.
211The reference files from the specified directory will be copied to the
212.Pa temproot
213directory.
214.It Fl s Ar tgzfile
215The location of a set file
216(or
217.Dq "tgz file" )
218such as
219.Dq Pa etc.tgz
220or
221.Dq Pa xetc.tgz
222from a binary distribution of
223.Nx .
224Each set file is a compressed archive containing reference files,
225which will be extracted to the
226.Pa temproot
227directory.
228Multiple
229.Fl s
230options may be used to specify multiple set files.
231The
232.Dq Pa etc.tgz
233set file must be specified.
234The
235.Dq Pa xetc.tgz
236set file is optional.
237.El
238.It Fl t Ar temproot
239Specifies the location of the
240.Pa temproot
241directory.
242This directory will be used for a temporary copy of
243the reference files created by running
244.Dq "make distribution"
245in the source directory specified by
246.Fl s Ar srcdir ,
247or a temporary copy of the reference files extracted from
248the binary sets specified by
249.Fl s Ar tgzfile ,
250or a temporary copy of the reference files from the directory specified by
251.Fl s Ar tempdir .
252By default this is
253.Pa /tmp/temproot
254but can be changed either with this option or the
255.Ev TEMPROOT
256environment variable.
257.It Fl v
258Makes
259.Nm
260verbose about its actions.
261.It Fl w Ar width
262Sets screen width used during interactive merge.
263By default this is the number of columns
264.Xr stty 1
265reports but it can be changed either with this
266option or by defining the
267.Ev WIDTH
268variable.
269This is useful for
270.Xr xterm 1
271users with wider shell windows.
272.El
273.Sh ENVIRONMENT
274.Bl -tag -width IGNOREFILESXX
275.It Ev TEMPROOT
276Sets a default value for
277.Pa temproot .
278See
279.Fl t
280above.
281.It Ev SRCDIR
282The location of the
283.Nx
284sources files.
285See
286.Fl s
287above.
288.It Ev PAGER
289The pager to use when displaying files.
290See
291.Fl p
292above.
293.It Ev WIDTH
294The screen width used during interactive merge.
295See
296.Fl w
297above.
298.It Ev IGNOREFILES
299A list of files that
300.Nm
301should ignore.
302Files listed in this
303variable will never be considered for updating by
304.Nm .
305.El
306.Sh FILES
307The environment variables can also be defined in the following configuration
308files.
309The user's personal configuration file settings override the global
310settings.
311.Pp
312/etc/etcupdate.conf
313.Pp
314~/.etcupdaterc
315.Sh EXAMPLES
316You have just upgraded your
317.Nx
318host from 3.0 to 4.0 and now it's time
319to update the configuration files as well.
320To update the configuration files from the sources (if you have the
321.Pa /usr/src/etc
322directory):
323.Pp
324.Dl etcupdate
325.Pp
326The default location of the source files is
327.Pa /usr/src
328but this may be overridden with the
329.Fl s Ar srcdir
330command line argument:
331.Pp
332.Dl etcupdate -s /some/where/src
333.Pp
334To update the configuration files from binary distribution sets
335do something like this:
336.Pp
337.Dl etcupdate -s /some/where/etc.tgz -s /some/where/xetc.tgz
338.Pp
339or like this:
340.Pp
341.Dl mkdir /tmp/temproot
342.Dl cd /tmp/temproot
343.Dl tar -xpzf /some/where/etc.tgz
344.Dl tar -xpzf /some/where/xetc.tgz
345.Dl etcupdate -s /tmp/temproot
346.Pp
347You have modified only few files in the
348.Pa /etc
349directory so you would like install most of the updates without being asked.
350To automatically update the unmodified configuration files:
351.Pp
352.Dl etcupdate -a
353.Pp
354To get a better idea what's going on, use the
355.Fl v
356flag:
357.Pp
358.Dl etcupdate -v
359.Sh SEE ALSO
360.Xr cmp 1 ,
361.Xr more 1 ,
362.Xr rcs 1 ,
363.Xr sdiff 1 ,
364.Xr stty 1 ,
365.Xr aliases 5 ,
366.Xr postinstall 8
367.Sh HISTORY
368The
369.Nm
370command appeared in
371.Nx 1.6 .
372.Pp
373In
374.Nx 4.0 ,
375the
376.Fl s Ar tgzfile
377option was added, the
378.Fl b Ar tempdir
379option was converted to
380.Fl s Ar tgzdir ,
381and the
382.Fl s Ar srcdir
383option was changed to refer to the top of the
384source directory tree rather than to the
385.Pa etc
386subdirectory.
387.Pp
388In
389.Nx 5.0 ,
390the ability to specify multiple colon-separated files with a single
391.Fl s
392option was deprecated,
393and options deprecated in
394.Nx 4.0
395were removed.
396.Pp
397In
398.Nx 7.0 ,
399the ability to specify multiple colon-separated files with a single
400.Fl s
401option was removed (multiple
402.Fl s
403options must be used instead),
404and the
405.Fl d Ar destdir
406option was added.
407.Sh AUTHORS
408The script was written by
409.An Martti Kuparinen
410.Aq martti@NetBSD.org
411and improved by several other
412.Nx
413users.
414.Pp
415The idea for this script (including code fragments, variable names etc.)
416came from the
417.Fx
418mergemaster (by Douglas Barton).
419Unlike the
420.Fx
421mergemaster, this does not use CVS version tags by default to compare if
422the files need to be updated.
423Files are compared with
424.Xr cmp 1
425as this is more reliable and the only way if the version numbers are the
426same even though the files are different.
427.\" when exactly are the version the same even though the file changes?
428.\" .Pp
429.Sh BUGS
430If a source directory is specified via the
431.Dq Fl s Ar srcdir
432option (or if the
433.Pa /usr/src
434directory is used by default), then
435.Nm
436will run
437.Dq "make distribution"
438in the
439.Pa etc
440subdirectory of the source directory, but it will not use the same
441options or environment variables that would be used during a full build
442of the operating system.
443For this reason, use of the
444.Dq Fl s Ar srcdir
445option is not recommended, and use of the
446.Dq Fl s Ar tgzdir
447or
448.Dq Fl s Ar tgzfile
449options is recommended.
450.\" .Pp
451.\" Because of the use of
452.\" .Xr cmp 1
453.\" to compare files, rather than CVS versions, files that are locally changed
454.\" from the distribution are always considered needing to be updated.
455