xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/diskpart/diskpart.c (revision 2a399c6883d870daece976daec6ffa7bb7f934ce)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 #ifndef lint
36 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)diskpart.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 11/30/94";
43 #else
44 __RCSID("$NetBSD: diskpart.c,v 1.9 1997/10/17 00:16:55 lukem Exp $");
45 #endif
46 #endif /* not lint */
47 
48 /*
49  * Program to calculate standard disk partition sizes.
50  */
51 #include <sys/param.h>
52 #define DKTYPENAMES
53 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
54 
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <limits.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 
62 #define	for_now			/* show all of `c' partition for disklabel */
63 #define	NPARTITIONS	8
64 #define	PART(x)		(x - 'a')
65 
66 /*
67  * Default partition sizes, where they exist.
68  */
69 #define	NDEFAULTS	4
70 int	defpart[NDEFAULTS][NPARTITIONS] = {
71    { 15884, 66880, 0, 15884, 307200, 0, 0, 291346 },	/* ~ 356+ Mbytes */
72    { 15884, 33440, 0, 15884, 55936, 0, 0, 291346 },	/* ~ 206-355 Mbytes */
73    { 15884, 33440, 0, 15884, 55936, 0, 0, 0 },		/* ~ 61-205 Mbytes */
74    { 15884, 10032, 0, 15884, 0, 0, 0, 0 },		/* ~ 20-60 Mbytes */
75 };
76 
77 /*
78  * Each array defines a layout for a disk;
79  * that is, the collection of partitions totally
80  * covers the physical space on a disk.
81  */
82 #define	NLAYOUTS	3
83 char	layouts[NLAYOUTS][NPARTITIONS] = {
84    { 'a', 'b', 'h', 'g' },
85    { 'a', 'b', 'h', 'd', 'e', 'f' },
86    { 'c' },
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * Default disk block and disk block fragment
91  * sizes for each file system.  Those file systems
92  * with zero block and frag sizes are special cases
93  * (e.g. swap areas or for access to the entire device).
94  */
95 struct	partition defparam[NPARTITIONS] = {
96 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* a */
97 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_SWAP,   8, { 0 }, },		/* b */
98 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* c */
99 	{ 0, 0,  512, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* d */
100 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* e */
101 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* f */
102 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* g */
103 	{ 0, 0, 1024, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, }		/* h */
104 };
105 
106 /*
107  * Each disk has some space reserved for a bad sector
108  * forwarding table.  DEC standard 144 uses the first
109  * 5 even numbered sectors in the last track of the
110  * last cylinder for replicated storage of the bad sector
111  * table; another 126 sectors past this is needed as a
112  * pool of replacement sectors.
113  */
114 int	badsecttable = 126;	/* # sectors */
115 
116 int	pflag;			/* print device driver partition tables */
117 int	dflag;			/* print disktab entry */
118 
119 int	gettype __P((const char *, char **));
120 int	main __P((int, char **));
121 struct disklabel *promptfordisk __P((const char *));
122 void	usage __P((void));
123 
124 int
125 main(argc, argv)
126 	int argc;
127 	char *argv[];
128 {
129 
130 	struct disklabel *dp;
131 	int curcyl, spc, def, part, layout, j, ch;
132 	int threshhold, numcyls[NPARTITIONS], startcyl[NPARTITIONS];
133 	off_t totsize = 0;
134 	char *lp, *tyname;
135 
136 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "pds:")) != -1) {
137 		switch (ch) {
138 		case 'd':
139 			dflag++;
140 			break;
141 
142 		case 'p':
143 			pflag++;
144 			break;
145 
146 		case 's':
147 			totsize = strtoul(optarg, &lp, 10);
148 			if (*lp != '\0')
149 				usage();
150 			break;
151 
152 		case '?':
153 		default:
154 			usage();
155 			/* NOTREACHED */
156 		}
157 	}
158 	argc -= optind;
159 	argv += optind;
160 
161 	if (argc != 1) {
162 		usage();
163 		/* NOTREACHED */
164 	}
165 
166 	dp = getdiskbyname(*argv);
167 	if (dp == NULL) {
168 		if (isatty(0))
169 			dp = promptfordisk(*argv);
170 		if (dp == NULL) {
171 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown disk type\n", *argv);
172 			exit(1);
173 		}
174 	}
175 	if (dp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
176 		tyname = "removable";
177 	else if (dp->d_flags & D_RAMDISK)
178 		tyname = "simulated";
179 	else
180 		tyname = "winchester";
181 	spc = dp->d_secpercyl;
182 	/*
183 	 * Bad sector table contains one track for the replicated
184 	 * copies of the table and enough full tracks preceding
185 	 * the last track to hold the pool of free blocks to which
186 	 * bad sectors are mapped.
187 	 * If disk size was specified explicitly, use specified size.
188 	 */
189 	if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && dp->d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
190 	    totsize == 0) {
191 		badsecttable = dp->d_nsectors +
192 		    roundup(badsecttable, dp->d_nsectors);
193 		threshhold = howmany(spc, badsecttable);
194 	} else {
195 		badsecttable = 0;
196 		threshhold = 0;
197 	}
198 	/*
199 	 * If disk size was specified, recompute number of cylinders
200 	 * that may be used, and set badsecttable to any remaining
201 	 * fraction of the last cylinder.
202 	 */
203 	if (totsize != 0) {
204 		dp->d_ncylinders = howmany(totsize, spc);
205 		badsecttable = spc * dp->d_ncylinders - totsize;
206 	}
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * Figure out if disk is large enough for
210 	 * expanded swap area and 'd', 'e', and 'f'
211 	 * partitions.  Otherwise, use smaller defaults
212 	 * based on RK07.
213 	 */
214 	for (def = 0; def < NDEFAULTS; def++) {
215 		curcyl = 0;
216 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++)
217 			curcyl += howmany(defpart[def][part], spc);
218 		if (curcyl < dp->d_ncylinders - threshhold)
219 			break;
220 	}
221 	if (def >= NDEFAULTS) {
222 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: disk too small, calculate by hand\n",
223 			*argv);
224 		exit(1);
225 	}
226 
227 	/*
228 	 * Calculate number of cylinders allocated to each disk
229 	 * partition.  We may waste a bit of space here, but it's
230 	 * in the interest of (very backward) compatibility
231 	 * (for mixed disk systems).
232 	 */
233 	for (curcyl = 0, part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
234 		numcyls[part] = 0;
235 		if (defpart[def][part] != 0) {
236 			numcyls[part] = howmany(defpart[def][part], spc);
237 			curcyl += numcyls[part];
238 		}
239 	}
240 	numcyls[PART('f')] = dp->d_ncylinders - curcyl;
241 	numcyls[PART('g')] =
242 		numcyls[PART('d')] + numcyls[PART('e')] + numcyls[PART('f')];
243 	numcyls[PART('c')] = dp->d_ncylinders;
244 	defpart[def][PART('f')] = numcyls[PART('f')] * spc - badsecttable;
245 	defpart[def][PART('g')] = numcyls[PART('g')] * spc - badsecttable;
246 	defpart[def][PART('c')] = numcyls[PART('c')] * spc;
247 #ifndef for_now
248 	if (totsize || !pflag)
249 #else
250 	if (totsize)
251 #endif
252 		defpart[def][PART('c')] -= badsecttable;
253 
254 	/*
255 	 * Calculate starting cylinder number for each partition.
256 	 * Note the 'h' partition is physically located before the
257 	 * 'g' or 'd' partition.  This is reflected in the layout
258 	 * arrays defined above.
259 	 */
260 	for (layout = 0; layout < NLAYOUTS; layout++) {
261 		curcyl = 0;
262 		for (lp = layouts[layout]; *lp != 0; lp++) {
263 			startcyl[PART(*lp)] = curcyl;
264 			curcyl += numcyls[PART(*lp)];
265 		}
266 	}
267 
268 	if (pflag) {
269 		printf("}, %s_sizes[%d] = {\n", dp->d_typename, NPARTITIONS);
270 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
271 			if (numcyls[part] == 0) {
272 				printf("\t0,\t0,\n");
273 				continue;
274 			}
275 			if (dp->d_type != DTYPE_MSCP) {
276 			       printf("\t%d,\t%d,\t\t/* %c=cyl %d thru %d */\n",
277 					defpart[def][part], startcyl[part],
278 					'A' + part, startcyl[part],
279 					startcyl[part] + numcyls[part] - 1);
280 				continue;
281 			}
282 			printf("\t%d,\t%d,\t\t/* %c=sectors %d thru %d */\n",
283 				defpart[def][part], spc * startcyl[part],
284 				'A' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
285 				spc * startcyl[part] + defpart[def][part] - 1);
286 		}
287 		exit(0);
288 	}
289 	if (dflag) {
290 		int nparts;
291 
292 		/*
293 		 * In case the disk is in the ``in-between'' range
294 		 * where the 'g' partition is smaller than the 'h'
295 		 * partition, reverse the frag sizes so the /usr partition
296 		 * is always set up with a frag size larger than the
297 		 * user's partition.
298 		 */
299 		if (defpart[def][PART('g')] < defpart[def][PART('h')]) {
300 			int temp;
301 
302 			temp = defparam[PART('h')].p_fsize;
303 			defparam[PART('h')].p_fsize =
304 				defparam[PART('g')].p_fsize;
305 			defparam[PART('g')].p_fsize = temp;
306 		}
307 		printf("%s:\\\n", dp->d_typename);
308 		printf("\t:ty=%s:ns#%d:nt#%d:nc#%d:", tyname,
309 			dp->d_nsectors, dp->d_ntracks, dp->d_ncylinders);
310 		if (dp->d_secpercyl != dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks)
311 			printf("sc#%d:", dp->d_secpercyl);
312 		if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && dp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
313 			printf("sf:");
314 		printf("\\\n\t:dt=%s:", dktypenames[dp->d_type]);
315 		for (part = NDDATA - 1; part >= 0; part--)
316 			if (dp->d_drivedata[part])
317 				break;
318 		for (j = 0; j <= part; j++)
319 			printf("d%d#%d:", j, dp->d_drivedata[j]);
320 		printf("\\\n");
321 		for (nparts = 0, part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++)
322 			if (defpart[def][part] != 0)
323 				nparts++;
324 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
325 			if (defpart[def][part] == 0)
326 				continue;
327 			printf("\t:p%c#%d:", 'a' + part, defpart[def][part]);
328 			printf("o%c#%d:b%c#%d:f%c#%d:",
329 			    'a' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
330 			    'a' + part,
331 			    defparam[part].p_frag * defparam[part].p_fsize,
332 			    'a' + part, defparam[part].p_fsize);
333 			if (defparam[part].p_fstype == FS_SWAP)
334 				printf("t%c=swap:", 'a' + part);
335 			nparts--;
336 			printf("%s\n", nparts > 0 ? "\\" : "");
337 		}
338 #ifdef for_now
339 		defpart[def][PART('c')] -= badsecttable;
340 		part = PART('c');
341 		printf("#\t:p%c#%d:", 'a' + part, defpart[def][part]);
342 		printf("o%c#%d:b%c#%d:f%c#%d:\n",
343 		    'a' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
344 		    'a' + part,
345 		    defparam[part].p_frag * defparam[part].p_fsize,
346 		    'a' + part, defparam[part].p_fsize);
347 #endif
348 		exit(0);
349 	}
350 	printf("%s: #sectors/track=%d, #tracks/cylinder=%d #cylinders=%d\n",
351 		dp->d_typename, dp->d_nsectors, dp->d_ntracks,
352 		dp->d_ncylinders);
353 	printf("\n    Partition\t   Size\t Offset\t   Range\n");
354 	for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
355 		printf("\t%c\t", 'a' + part);
356 		if (numcyls[part] == 0) {
357 			printf(" unused\n");
358 			continue;
359 		}
360 		printf("%7d\t%7d\t%4d - %d%s\n",
361 			defpart[def][part], startcyl[part] * spc,
362 			startcyl[part], startcyl[part] + numcyls[part] - 1,
363 			defpart[def][part] % spc ? "*" : "");
364 	}
365 	exit(0);
366 }
367 
368 struct disklabel disk;
369 
370 struct	field {
371 	char		*f_name;
372 	char		*f_defaults;
373 	u_int32_t	*f_location;
374 } fields[] = {
375 	{ "sector size",		"512",	&disk.d_secsize },
376 	{ "#sectors/track",		0,	&disk.d_nsectors },
377 	{ "#tracks/cylinder",		0,	&disk.d_ntracks },
378 	{ "#cylinders",			0,	&disk.d_ncylinders },
379 	{ 0, 0, 0 },
380 };
381 
382 struct disklabel *
383 promptfordisk(name)
384 	const char *name;
385 {
386 	struct disklabel *dp = &disk;
387 	struct field *fp;
388 	int i;
389 	char buf[BUFSIZ], **tp, *cp;
390 
391 	strncpy(dp->d_typename, name, sizeof(dp->d_typename));
392 	fprintf(stderr,
393 		"%s: unknown disk type, want to supply parameters (y/n)? ",
394 		name);
395 	if ((fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL) || buf[0] != 'y')
396 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
397 	for (;;) {
398 		fprintf(stderr, "Disk/controller type (%s)? ", dktypenames[1]);
399 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
400 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
401 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
402 			*cp = '\0';
403 		if (buf[0] == '\0') {
404 			dp->d_type = 1;
405 			break;
406 		}
407 		if ((i = gettype(buf, dktypenames)) >= 0) {
408 			dp->d_type = i;
409 			break;
410 		}
411 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: unrecognized controller type\n", buf);
412 		fprintf(stderr, "use one of:\n");
413 		for (tp = dktypenames; *tp; tp++)
414 			if (strchr(*tp, ' ') == 0)
415 				fprintf(stderr, "\t%s\n", *tp);
416 	}
417 gettype:
418 	dp->d_flags = 0;
419 	fprintf(stderr, "type (winchester|removable|simulated)? ");
420 	if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
421 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
422 	if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
423 		*cp = '\0';
424 	if (buf[0] == '\0')
425 		goto gettype;
426 	switch (buf[0]) {
427 	case 'r':
428 		dp->d_flags = D_REMOVABLE;
429 		break;
430 	case 's':
431 		dp->d_flags = D_RAMDISK;
432 		break;
433 	case 'w':
434 		break;
435 	default:
436 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad disk type\n", buf);
437 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
438 	case '\0':
439 		goto gettype;
440 	}
441 	fprintf(stderr, "(type <cr> to get default value, if only one)\n");
442 	if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD) {
443 		fprintf(stderr,
444 		    "Do '%s' disks support bad144 bad block forwarding (yes)? ",
445 		    dp->d_typename);
446 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
447 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
448 		if (buf[0] != 'n')
449 			dp->d_flags |= D_BADSECT;
450 	}
451 	for (fp = fields; fp->f_name != NULL; fp++) {
452 again:
453 		fprintf(stderr, "%s ", fp->f_name);
454 		if (fp->f_defaults != NULL)
455 			fprintf(stderr, "(%s)", fp->f_defaults);
456 		fprintf(stderr, "? ");
457 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
458 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
459 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
460 			*cp = '\0';
461 		cp = buf;
462 		if (*cp == '\0') {
463 			if (fp->f_defaults == NULL) {
464 				fprintf(stderr, "no default value\n");
465 				goto again;
466 			}
467 			cp = fp->f_defaults;
468 		}
469 		*fp->f_location = atol(cp);
470 		if (*fp->f_location == 0) {
471 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", cp);
472 			goto again;
473 		}
474 	}
475 	fprintf(stderr, "sectors/cylinder (%d)? ",
476 	    dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks);
477 	if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
478 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
479 	if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
480 		*cp = '\0';
481 	if (buf[0] == 0)
482 		dp->d_secpercyl = dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks;
483 	else
484 		dp->d_secpercyl = atol(buf);
485 	fprintf(stderr, "Drive-type-specific parameters, <cr> to terminate:\n");
486 	for (i = 0; i < NDDATA; i++) {
487 		fprintf(stderr, "d%d? ", i);
488 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
489 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
490 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
491 			*cp = '\0';
492 		if (buf[0] == 0)
493 			break;
494 		dp->d_drivedata[i] = atol(buf);
495 	}
496 	return (dp);
497 }
498 
499 int
500 gettype(t, names)
501 	const char *t;
502 	char **names;
503 {
504 	char **nm;
505 
506 	for (nm = names; *nm; nm++)
507 		if (strcasecmp(t, *nm) == 0)
508 			return (nm - names);
509 	if (isdigit(*t))
510 		return (atoi(t));
511 	return (-1);
512 }
513 
514 void
515 usage(void)
516 {
517 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: diskpart [-dp] [-s size] disk-type\n");
518 	exit(1);
519 }
520