xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/diskpart/diskpart.c (revision 23c8222edbfb0f0932d88a8351d3a0cf817dfb9e)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 #ifndef lint
32 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)diskpart.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 11/30/94";
39 #else
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: diskpart.c,v 1.15 2004/10/29 21:21:42 dsl Exp $");
41 #endif
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 
44 /*
45  * Program to calculate standard disk partition sizes.
46  */
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #define DKTYPENAMES
49 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
50 
51 #include <ctype.h>
52 #include <disktab.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <stdio.h>
55 #include <stdlib.h>
56 #include <string.h>
57 #include <unistd.h>
58 
59 #define	for_now			/* show all of `c' partition for disklabel */
60 #define	NPARTITIONS	8
61 #define	PART(x)		(x - 'a')
62 
63 /*
64  * Default partition sizes, where they exist.
65  */
66 #define	NDEFAULTS	4
67 int	defpart[NDEFAULTS][NPARTITIONS] = {
68    { 15884, 66880, 0, 15884, 307200, 0, 0, 291346 },	/* ~ 356+ Mbytes */
69    { 15884, 33440, 0, 15884, 55936, 0, 0, 291346 },	/* ~ 206-355 Mbytes */
70    { 15884, 33440, 0, 15884, 55936, 0, 0, 0 },		/* ~ 61-205 Mbytes */
71    { 15884, 10032, 0, 15884, 0, 0, 0, 0 },		/* ~ 20-60 Mbytes */
72 };
73 
74 /*
75  * Each array defines a layout for a disk;
76  * that is, the collection of partitions totally
77  * covers the physical space on a disk.
78  */
79 #define	NLAYOUTS	3
80 char	layouts[NLAYOUTS][NPARTITIONS] = {
81    { 'a', 'b', 'h', 'g' },
82    { 'a', 'b', 'h', 'd', 'e', 'f' },
83    { 'c' },
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * Default disk block and disk block fragment
88  * sizes for each file system.  Those file systems
89  * with zero block and frag sizes are special cases
90  * (e.g. swap areas or for access to the entire device).
91  */
92 struct	partition defparam[NPARTITIONS] = {
93 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* a */
94 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_SWAP,   8, { 0 }, },		/* b */
95 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* c */
96 	{ 0, 0, {  512 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* d */
97 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* e */
98 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* f */
99 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, },		/* g */
100 	{ 0, 0, { 1024 }, FS_UNUSED, 8, { 0 }, }		/* h */
101 };
102 
103 /*
104  * Each disk has some space reserved for a bad sector
105  * forwarding table.  DEC standard 144 uses the first
106  * 5 even numbered sectors in the last track of the
107  * last cylinder for replicated storage of the bad sector
108  * table; another 126 sectors past this is needed as a
109  * pool of replacement sectors.
110  */
111 int	badsecttable = 126;	/* # sectors */
112 
113 int	pflag;			/* print device driver partition tables */
114 int	dflag;			/* print disktab entry */
115 
116 int	gettype __P((const char *, const char *const *));
117 int	main __P((int, char **));
118 struct disklabel *promptfordisk __P((const char *));
119 void	usage __P((void));
120 
121 int
122 main(argc, argv)
123 	int argc;
124 	char *argv[];
125 {
126 
127 	struct disklabel *dp;
128 	int curcyl, spc, def, part, layout, j, ch;
129 	int threshhold, numcyls[NPARTITIONS], startcyl[NPARTITIONS];
130 	off_t totsize = 0;
131 	char *lp, *tyname;
132 
133 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "pds:")) != -1) {
134 		switch (ch) {
135 		case 'd':
136 			dflag++;
137 			break;
138 
139 		case 'p':
140 			pflag++;
141 			break;
142 
143 		case 's':
144 			totsize = strtoul(optarg, &lp, 10);
145 			if (*lp != '\0')
146 				usage();
147 			break;
148 
149 		case '?':
150 		default:
151 			usage();
152 			/* NOTREACHED */
153 		}
154 	}
155 	argc -= optind;
156 	argv += optind;
157 
158 	if (argc != 1) {
159 		usage();
160 		/* NOTREACHED */
161 	}
162 
163 	dp = getdiskbyname(*argv);
164 	if (dp == NULL) {
165 		if (isatty(0))
166 			dp = promptfordisk(*argv);
167 		if (dp == NULL) {
168 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown disk type\n", *argv);
169 			exit(1);
170 		}
171 	}
172 	if (dp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
173 		tyname = "removable";
174 	else if (dp->d_flags & D_RAMDISK)
175 		tyname = "simulated";
176 	else
177 		tyname = "winchester";
178 	spc = dp->d_secpercyl;
179 	/*
180 	 * Bad sector table contains one track for the replicated
181 	 * copies of the table and enough full tracks preceding
182 	 * the last track to hold the pool of free blocks to which
183 	 * bad sectors are mapped.
184 	 * If disk size was specified explicitly, use specified size.
185 	 */
186 	if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && dp->d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
187 	    totsize == 0) {
188 		badsecttable = dp->d_nsectors +
189 		    roundup(badsecttable, dp->d_nsectors);
190 		threshhold = howmany(spc, badsecttable);
191 	} else {
192 		badsecttable = 0;
193 		threshhold = 0;
194 	}
195 	/*
196 	 * If disk size was specified, recompute number of cylinders
197 	 * that may be used, and set badsecttable to any remaining
198 	 * fraction of the last cylinder.
199 	 */
200 	if (totsize != 0) {
201 		dp->d_ncylinders = howmany(totsize, spc);
202 		badsecttable = spc * dp->d_ncylinders - totsize;
203 	}
204 
205 	/*
206 	 * Figure out if disk is large enough for
207 	 * expanded swap area and 'd', 'e', and 'f'
208 	 * partitions.  Otherwise, use smaller defaults
209 	 * based on RK07.
210 	 */
211 	for (def = 0; def < NDEFAULTS; def++) {
212 		curcyl = 0;
213 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++)
214 			curcyl += howmany(defpart[def][part], spc);
215 		if (curcyl < dp->d_ncylinders - threshhold)
216 			break;
217 	}
218 	if (def >= NDEFAULTS) {
219 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: disk too small, calculate by hand\n",
220 			*argv);
221 		exit(1);
222 	}
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * Calculate number of cylinders allocated to each disk
226 	 * partition.  We may waste a bit of space here, but it's
227 	 * in the interest of (very backward) compatibility
228 	 * (for mixed disk systems).
229 	 */
230 	for (curcyl = 0, part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
231 		numcyls[part] = 0;
232 		if (defpart[def][part] != 0) {
233 			numcyls[part] = howmany(defpart[def][part], spc);
234 			curcyl += numcyls[part];
235 		}
236 	}
237 	numcyls[PART('f')] = dp->d_ncylinders - curcyl;
238 	numcyls[PART('g')] =
239 		numcyls[PART('d')] + numcyls[PART('e')] + numcyls[PART('f')];
240 	numcyls[PART('c')] = dp->d_ncylinders;
241 	defpart[def][PART('f')] = numcyls[PART('f')] * spc - badsecttable;
242 	defpart[def][PART('g')] = numcyls[PART('g')] * spc - badsecttable;
243 	defpart[def][PART('c')] = numcyls[PART('c')] * spc;
244 #ifndef for_now
245 	if (totsize || !pflag)
246 #else
247 	if (totsize)
248 #endif
249 		defpart[def][PART('c')] -= badsecttable;
250 
251 	/*
252 	 * Calculate starting cylinder number for each partition.
253 	 * Note the 'h' partition is physically located before the
254 	 * 'g' or 'd' partition.  This is reflected in the layout
255 	 * arrays defined above.
256 	 */
257 	for (layout = 0; layout < NLAYOUTS; layout++) {
258 		curcyl = 0;
259 		for (lp = layouts[layout]; *lp != 0; lp++) {
260 			startcyl[PART(*lp)] = curcyl;
261 			curcyl += numcyls[PART(*lp)];
262 		}
263 	}
264 
265 	if (pflag) {
266 		printf("}, %s_sizes[%d] = {\n", dp->d_typename, NPARTITIONS);
267 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
268 			if (numcyls[part] == 0) {
269 				printf("\t0,\t0,\n");
270 				continue;
271 			}
272 			if (dp->d_type != DTYPE_MSCP) {
273 			       printf("\t%d,\t%d,\t\t/* %c=cyl %d thru %d */\n",
274 					defpart[def][part], startcyl[part],
275 					'A' + part, startcyl[part],
276 					startcyl[part] + numcyls[part] - 1);
277 				continue;
278 			}
279 			printf("\t%d,\t%d,\t\t/* %c=sectors %d thru %d */\n",
280 				defpart[def][part], spc * startcyl[part],
281 				'A' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
282 				spc * startcyl[part] + defpart[def][part] - 1);
283 		}
284 		exit(0);
285 	}
286 	if (dflag) {
287 		int nparts;
288 
289 		/*
290 		 * In case the disk is in the ``in-between'' range
291 		 * where the 'g' partition is smaller than the 'h'
292 		 * partition, reverse the frag sizes so the /usr partition
293 		 * is always set up with a frag size larger than the
294 		 * user's partition.
295 		 */
296 		if (defpart[def][PART('g')] < defpart[def][PART('h')]) {
297 			int temp;
298 
299 			temp = defparam[PART('h')].p_fsize;
300 			defparam[PART('h')].p_fsize =
301 				defparam[PART('g')].p_fsize;
302 			defparam[PART('g')].p_fsize = temp;
303 		}
304 		printf("%s:\\\n", dp->d_typename);
305 		printf("\t:ty=%s:ns#%d:nt#%d:nc#%d:", tyname,
306 			dp->d_nsectors, dp->d_ntracks, dp->d_ncylinders);
307 		if (dp->d_secpercyl != dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks)
308 			printf("sc#%d:", dp->d_secpercyl);
309 		if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && dp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
310 			printf("sf:");
311 		printf("\\\n\t:dt=%s:", dktypenames[dp->d_type]);
312 		for (part = NDDATA - 1; part >= 0; part--)
313 			if (dp->d_drivedata[part])
314 				break;
315 		for (j = 0; j <= part; j++)
316 			printf("d%d#%d:", j, dp->d_drivedata[j]);
317 		printf("\\\n");
318 		for (nparts = 0, part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++)
319 			if (defpart[def][part] != 0)
320 				nparts++;
321 		for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
322 			if (defpart[def][part] == 0)
323 				continue;
324 			printf("\t:p%c#%d:", 'a' + part, defpart[def][part]);
325 			printf("o%c#%d:b%c#%d:f%c#%d:",
326 			    'a' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
327 			    'a' + part,
328 			    defparam[part].p_frag * defparam[part].p_fsize,
329 			    'a' + part, defparam[part].p_fsize);
330 			if (defparam[part].p_fstype == FS_SWAP)
331 				printf("t%c=swap:", 'a' + part);
332 			nparts--;
333 			printf("%s\n", nparts > 0 ? "\\" : "");
334 		}
335 #ifdef for_now
336 		defpart[def][PART('c')] -= badsecttable;
337 		part = PART('c');
338 		printf("#\t:p%c#%d:", 'a' + part, defpart[def][part]);
339 		printf("o%c#%d:b%c#%d:f%c#%d:\n",
340 		    'a' + part, spc * startcyl[part],
341 		    'a' + part,
342 		    defparam[part].p_frag * defparam[part].p_fsize,
343 		    'a' + part, defparam[part].p_fsize);
344 #endif
345 		exit(0);
346 	}
347 	printf("%s: #sectors/track=%d, #tracks/cylinder=%d #cylinders=%d\n",
348 		dp->d_typename, dp->d_nsectors, dp->d_ntracks,
349 		dp->d_ncylinders);
350 	printf("\n    Partition\t   Size\t Offset\t   Range\n");
351 	for (part = PART('a'); part < NPARTITIONS; part++) {
352 		printf("\t%c\t", 'a' + part);
353 		if (numcyls[part] == 0) {
354 			printf(" unused\n");
355 			continue;
356 		}
357 		printf("%7d\t%7d\t%4d - %d%s\n",
358 			defpart[def][part], startcyl[part] * spc,
359 			startcyl[part], startcyl[part] + numcyls[part] - 1,
360 			defpart[def][part] % spc ? "*" : "");
361 	}
362 	exit(0);
363 }
364 
365 struct disklabel disk;
366 
367 struct	field {
368 	char		*f_name;
369 	char		*f_defaults;
370 	u_int32_t	*f_location;
371 } fields[] = {
372 	{ "sector size",		"512",	&disk.d_secsize },
373 	{ "#sectors/track",		0,	&disk.d_nsectors },
374 	{ "#tracks/cylinder",		0,	&disk.d_ntracks },
375 	{ "#cylinders",			0,	&disk.d_ncylinders },
376 	{ 0, 0, 0 },
377 };
378 
379 struct disklabel *
380 promptfordisk(name)
381 	const char *name;
382 {
383 	struct disklabel *dp = &disk;
384 	struct field *fp;
385 	int i;
386 	const char *const *tp;
387 	char buf[BUFSIZ], *cp;
388 
389 	strncpy(dp->d_typename, name, sizeof(dp->d_typename));
390 	fprintf(stderr,
391 		"%s: unknown disk type, want to supply parameters (y/n)? ",
392 		name);
393 	if ((fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL) || buf[0] != 'y')
394 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
395 	for (;;) {
396 		fprintf(stderr, "Disk/controller type (%s)? ", dktypenames[1]);
397 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
398 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
399 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
400 			*cp = '\0';
401 		if (buf[0] == '\0') {
402 			dp->d_type = 1;
403 			break;
404 		}
405 		if ((i = gettype(buf, dktypenames)) >= 0) {
406 			dp->d_type = i;
407 			break;
408 		}
409 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: unrecognized controller type\n", buf);
410 		fprintf(stderr, "use one of:\n");
411 		for (tp = dktypenames; *tp; tp++)
412 			if (strchr(*tp, ' ') == 0)
413 				fprintf(stderr, "\t%s\n", *tp);
414 	}
415 gettype:
416 	dp->d_flags = 0;
417 	fprintf(stderr, "type (winchester|removable|simulated)? ");
418 	if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
419 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
420 	if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
421 		*cp = '\0';
422 	if (buf[0] == '\0')
423 		goto gettype;
424 	switch (buf[0]) {
425 	case 'r':
426 		dp->d_flags = D_REMOVABLE;
427 		break;
428 	case 's':
429 		dp->d_flags = D_RAMDISK;
430 		break;
431 	case 'w':
432 		break;
433 	default:
434 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad disk type\n", buf);
435 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
436 	case '\0':
437 		goto gettype;
438 	}
439 	fprintf(stderr, "(type <cr> to get default value, if only one)\n");
440 	if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD) {
441 		fprintf(stderr,
442 		    "Do '%s' disks support bad144 bad block forwarding (yes)? ",
443 		    dp->d_typename);
444 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
445 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
446 		if (buf[0] != 'n')
447 			dp->d_flags |= D_BADSECT;
448 	}
449 	for (fp = fields; fp->f_name != NULL; fp++) {
450 again:
451 		fprintf(stderr, "%s ", fp->f_name);
452 		if (fp->f_defaults != NULL)
453 			fprintf(stderr, "(%s)", fp->f_defaults);
454 		fprintf(stderr, "? ");
455 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
456 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
457 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
458 			*cp = '\0';
459 		cp = buf;
460 		if (*cp == '\0') {
461 			if (fp->f_defaults == NULL) {
462 				fprintf(stderr, "no default value\n");
463 				goto again;
464 			}
465 			cp = fp->f_defaults;
466 		}
467 		*fp->f_location = atol(cp);
468 		if (*fp->f_location == 0) {
469 			fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", cp);
470 			goto again;
471 		}
472 	}
473 	fprintf(stderr, "sectors/cylinder (%d)? ",
474 	    dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks);
475 	if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
476 		return ((struct disklabel *)0);
477 	if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
478 		*cp = '\0';
479 	if (buf[0] == 0)
480 		dp->d_secpercyl = dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks;
481 	else
482 		dp->d_secpercyl = atol(buf);
483 	fprintf(stderr, "Drive-type-specific parameters, <cr> to terminate:\n");
484 	for (i = 0; i < NDDATA; i++) {
485 		fprintf(stderr, "d%d? ", i);
486 		if (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin) == NULL)
487 			return ((struct disklabel *)0);
488 		if ((cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
489 			*cp = '\0';
490 		if (buf[0] == 0)
491 			break;
492 		dp->d_drivedata[i] = atol(buf);
493 	}
494 	return (dp);
495 }
496 
497 int
498 gettype(t, names)
499 	const char *t;
500 	const char *const *names;
501 {
502 	const char *const *nm;
503 
504 	for (nm = names; *nm; nm++)
505 		if (strcasecmp(t, *nm) == 0)
506 			return (nm - names);
507 	if (isdigit((unsigned char)*t))
508 		return (atoi(t));
509 	return (-1);
510 }
511 
512 void
513 usage(void)
514 {
515 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskpart [-dp] [-s size] disk-type\n");
516 	exit(1);
517 }
518