xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/cpuctl/arch/i386.c (revision ccd9df534e375a4366c5b55f23782053c7a98d82)
1 /*	$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.144 2024/03/08 20:29:17 rillig Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Frank van der Linden,  and by Jason R. Thorpe.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*-
33  * Copyright (c)2008 YAMAMOTO Takashi,
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  *
45  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
46  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
47  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
48  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
49  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
51  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
52  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
53  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
54  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
55  * SUCH DAMAGE.
56  */
57 
58 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
59 #ifndef lint
60 __RCSID("$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.144 2024/03/08 20:29:17 rillig Exp $");
61 #endif /* not lint */
62 
63 #include <sys/types.h>
64 #include <sys/param.h>
65 #include <sys/bitops.h>
66 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
67 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
68 #include <sys/cpuio.h>
69 
70 #include <errno.h>
71 #include <string.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <err.h>
75 #include <assert.h>
76 #include <math.h>
77 #include <util.h>
78 
79 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
80 #include <machine/cpu.h>
81 
82 #include <x86/cpuvar.h>
83 #include <x86/cputypes.h>
84 #include <x86/cpu_ucode.h>
85 
86 #include "../cpuctl.h"
87 #include "cpuctl_i386.h"
88 
89 /* Size of buffer for printing humanized numbers */
90 #define HUMAN_BUFSIZE sizeof("999KB")
91 
92 struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass {
93 	int cpu_vendor;
94 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
95 	const char *cpu_name;
96 	int cpu_class;
97 	void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
98 	void (*cpu_cacheinfo)(struct cpu_info *);
99 	void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
100 };
101 
102 struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass {
103 	const char *cpu_id;
104 	int cpu_vendor;
105 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
106 	struct cpu_cpuid_family {
107 		int cpu_class;
108 		const char *cpu_models[256];
109 		const char *cpu_model_default;
110 		void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
111 		void (*cpu_probe)(struct cpu_info *);
112 		void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
113 	} cpu_family[CPU_MAXFAMILY - CPU_MINFAMILY + 1];
114 };
115 
116 static const struct x86_cache_info intel_cpuid_cache_info[] = INTEL_CACHE_INFO;
117 
118 /*
119  * Map Brand ID from cpuid instruction to brand name.
120  * Source: Table 3-24, Mapping of Brand Indices; and Intel 64 and IA-32
121  * Processor Brand Strings, Chapter 3 in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32
122  * Architectures Software Developer's Manual, Volume 2A".
123  */
124 static const char * const i386_intel_brand[] = {
125 	"",		    /* Unsupported */
126 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
127 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
128 	"Pentium III Xeon", /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III Xeon (TM) processor */
129 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
130 	"",		    /* 0x05: Reserved */
131 	"Mobile Pentium III",/* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor-M */
132 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
133 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
134 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
135 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
136 	"Xeon",		    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor */
137 	"Xeon MP",	    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor MP */
138 	"",		    /* 0x0d: Reserved */
139 	"Mobile Pentium 4", /* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor-M */
140 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
141 	"",		    /* 0x10: Reserved */
142 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Mobile Genuine Intel (R) processor */
143 	"Celeron M",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) M processor */
144 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
145 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
146 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Mobile Genuine Intel (R) processor */
147 	"Pentium M",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) M processor */
148 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
149 };
150 
151 /*
152  * AMD processors don't have Brand IDs, so we need these names for probe.
153  */
154 static const char * const amd_brand[] = {
155 	"",
156 	"Duron",	/* AMD Duron(tm) */
157 	"MP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) MP */
158 	"XP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) XP */
159 	"4"		/* AMD Athlon(tm) 4 */
160 };
161 
162 int cpu_vendor;
163 static char cpu_brand_string[49];
164 static char amd_brand_name[48];
165 static int use_pae, largepagesize;
166 
167 /* Setup functions */
168 static void	disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *);
169 static void	amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *);
170 static void	cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
171 static void	winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
172 /* Brand/Model name functions */
173 static const char *intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *);
174 static const char *amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *);
175 /* Probe functions */
176 static void	amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *);
177 static void	powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *);
178 static void	intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *);
179 static void	via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *);
180 /* (Cache) Info functions */
181 static void	intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
182 static void	amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
183 static void	via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
184 static void	tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *, u_int *, u_int *);
185 static void	transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *);
186 /* Common functions */
187 static void	cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
188 static void	cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
189 static void	cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *);
190 static void	print_bits(const char *, const char *, const char *, uint32_t);
191 static void	identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *);
192 static const char *print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
193     const char *);
194 static const char *print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
195     const char *);
196 static void	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *);
197 
198 /*
199  * Note: these are just the ones that may not have a cpuid instruction.
200  * We deal with the rest in a different way.
201  */
202 const struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass i386_nocpuid_cpus[] = {
203 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386SX",	CPUCLASS_386,
204 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386SX */
205 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386DX",	CPUCLASS_386,
206 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386   */
207 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486SX",	CPUCLASS_486,
208 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486SX */
209 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486DX",	CPUCLASS_486,
210 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486   */
211 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "486DLC",	CPUCLASS_486,
212 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486DLC */
213 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "6x86",	CPUCLASS_486,
214 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },		/* CPU_6x86 */
215 	{ CPUVENDOR_NEXGEN,"NexGen","586",	CPUCLASS_386,
216 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_NX586 */
217 };
218 
219 const char *classnames[] = {
220 	"386",
221 	"486",
222 	"586",
223 	"686"
224 };
225 
226 const char *modifiers[] = {
227 	"",
228 	"OverDrive",
229 	"Dual",
230 	""
231 };
232 
233 const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass i386_cpuid_cpus[] = {
234 	{
235 		/*
236 		 * For Intel processors, check Chapter 35Model-specific
237 		 * registers (MSRS), in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures
238 		 * Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3C".
239 		 */
240 		"GenuineIntel",
241 		CPUVENDOR_INTEL,
242 		"Intel",
243 		/* Family 4 */
244 		{ {
245 			CPUCLASS_486,
246 			{
247 				"486DX", "486DX", "486SX", "486DX2", "486SL",
248 				"486SX2", 0, "486DX2 W/B Enhanced",
249 				"486DX4", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
250 			},
251 			"486",		/* Default */
252 			NULL,
253 			NULL,
254 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
255 		},
256 		/* Family 5 */
257 		{
258 			CPUCLASS_586,
259 			{
260 				"Pentium (P5 A-step)", "Pentium (P5)",
261 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium (P24T)",
262 				"Pentium/MMX", "Pentium", 0,
263 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium/MMX (Tillamook)",
264 				"Quark X1000", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
265 			},
266 			"Pentium",	/* Default */
267 			NULL,
268 			NULL,
269 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
270 		},
271 		/* Family 6 */
272 		{
273 			CPUCLASS_686,
274 			{
275 				[0x00] = "Pentium Pro (A-step)",
276 				[0x01] = "Pentium Pro",
277 				[0x03] = "Pentium II (Klamath)",
278 				[0x04] = "Pentium Pro",
279 				[0x05] = "Pentium II/Celeron (Deschutes)",
280 				[0x06] = "Celeron (Mendocino)",
281 				[0x07] = "Pentium III (Katmai)",
282 				[0x08] = "Pentium III (Coppermine)",
283 				[0x09] = "Pentium M (Banias)",
284 				[0x0a] = "Pentium III Xeon (Cascades)",
285 				[0x0b] = "Pentium III (Tualatin)",
286 				[0x0d] = "Pentium M (Dothan)",
287 				[0x0e] = "Pentium Core Duo, Core solo",
288 				[0x0f] = "Xeon 30xx, 32xx, 51xx, 53xx, 73xx, "
289 					 "Core 2 Quad 6xxx, "
290 					 "Core 2 Extreme 6xxx, "
291 					 "Core 2 Duo 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx "
292 					 "and Pentium DC",
293 				[0x15] = "EP80579 Integrated Processor",
294 				[0x16] = "Celeron (45nm)",
295 				[0x17] = "Xeon 31xx, 33xx, 52xx, 54xx, "
296 					 "Core 2 Quad 8xxx and 9xxx",
297 				[0x1a] = "Core i7, Xeon 34xx, 35xx and 55xx "
298 					 "(Nehalem)",
299 				[0x1c] = "45nm Atom Family",
300 				[0x1d] = "XeonMP 74xx (Nehalem)",
301 				[0x1e] = "Core i7 and i5",
302 				[0x1f] = "Core i7 and i5",
303 				[0x25] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
304 				[0x26] = "Atom Family",
305 				[0x27] = "Atom Family",
306 				[0x2a] = "Xeon E3-12xx, 2nd gen i7, i5, "
307 					 "i3 2xxx",
308 				[0x2c] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
309 				[0x2d] = "Xeon E5 Sandy Bridge family, "
310 					 "Core i7-39xx Extreme",
311 				[0x2e] = "Xeon 75xx & 65xx",
312 				[0x2f] = "Xeon E7 family",
313 				[0x35] = "Atom Family",
314 				[0x36] = "Atom S1000",
315 				[0x37] = "Atom E3000, Z3[67]00",
316 				[0x3a] = "Xeon E3-1200v2 and 3rd gen core, "
317 					 "Ivy Bridge",
318 				[0x3c] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
319 					 "(Haswell)",
320 				[0x3d] = "Core M-5xxx, 5th gen Core (Broadwell)",
321 				[0x3e] = "Xeon E5/E7 v2 (Ivy Bridge-E), "
322 					 "Core i7-49xx Extreme",
323 				[0x3f] = "Xeon E5-4600/2600/1600 v3, Xeon E7 v3 (Haswell-E), "
324 					 "Core i7-59xx Extreme",
325 				[0x45] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
326 					 "(Haswell)",
327 				[0x46] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
328 					 "(Haswell)",
329 				[0x47] = "5th gen Core, Xeon E3-1200 v4 (Broadwell)",
330 				[0x4a] = "Atom Z3400",
331 				[0x4c] = "Atom X[57]-Z8000 (Airmont)",
332 				[0x4d] = "Atom C2000",
333 				[0x4e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
334 				[0x4f] = "Xeon E[57] v4 (Broadwell), Core i7-69xx Extreme",
335 				[0x55] = "Xeon Scalable (Skylake, Cascade Lake, Copper Lake)",
336 				[0x56] = "Xeon D-1500 (Broadwell)",
337 				[0x57] = "Xeon Phi [357]200 (Knights Landing)",
338 				[0x5a] = "Atom Z3500",
339 				[0x5c] = "Atom (Goldmont)",
340 				[0x5d] = "Atom X3-C3000 (Silvermont)",
341 				[0x5e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
342 				[0x5f] = "Atom (Goldmont, Denverton)",
343 				[0x66] = "8th gen Core i3 (Cannon Lake)",
344 				[0x6a] = "3rd gen Xeon Scalable (Ice Lake)",
345 				[0x6c] = "3rd gen Xeon Scalable (Ice Lake)",
346 				[0x7a] = "Atom (Goldmont Plus)",
347 				[0x7d] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
348 				[0x7e] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
349 				[0x85] = "Xeon Phi 7215, 7285, 7295 (Knights Mill)",
350 				[0x86] = "Atom (Tremont)",
351 				[0x8c] = "11th gen Core (Tiger Lake)",
352 				[0x8d] = "11th gen Core (Tiger Lake)",
353 				[0x8e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
354 				[0x8f] = "4th gen Xeon Scalable (Sapphire Rapids)",
355 				[0x96] = "Atom x6000E (Elkhart Lake)",
356 				[0x97] = "12th gen Core (Alder Lake)",
357 				[0x9a] = "12th gen Core (Alder Lake)",
358 				[0x9c] = "Pentium Silver N6xxx, Celeron N45xx, Celeron N51xx (Jasper Lake)",
359 				[0x9e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
360 				[0xa5] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
361 				[0xa6] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
362 				[0xa7] = "11th gen Core (Rocket Lake)",
363 				[0xa8] = "11th gen Core (Rocket Lake)",
364 				[0xaa] = "Core Ultra 7 (Meteor Lake)",
365 				[0xb7] = "13th gen Core (Raptor Lake)",
366 				[0xba] = "13th gen Core (Raptor Lake)",
367 				[0xbe] = "Core i3-N3xx N[12]xx Nxx Atom x7xxxE (Alder Lake-N)",
368 				[0xbf] = "13th gen Core (Raptor Lake)",
369 				[0xcf] = "5th gen Xeon Scalable (Emerald Rapids)",
370 			},
371 			"Pentium Pro, II or III",	/* Default */
372 			NULL,
373 			intel_family_new_probe,
374 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
375 		},
376 		/* Family > 6 */
377 		{
378 			CPUCLASS_686,
379 			{
380 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
381 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
382 			},
383 			"Pentium 4",	/* Default */
384 			NULL,
385 			intel_family_new_probe,
386 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
387 		} }
388 	},
389 	{
390 		"AuthenticAMD",
391 		CPUVENDOR_AMD,
392 		"AMD",
393 		/* Family 4 */
394 		{ {
395 			CPUCLASS_486,
396 			{
397 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/T",
398 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/B",
399 				"Am486DX4 W/T or Am5x86 W/T 150",
400 				"Am486DX4 W/B or Am5x86 W/B 150", 0, 0,
401 				0, 0, "Am5x86 W/T 133/160",
402 				"Am5x86 W/B 133/160",
403 			},
404 			"Am486 or Am5x86",	/* Default */
405 			NULL,
406 			NULL,
407 			NULL,
408 		},
409 		/* Family 5 */
410 		{
411 			CPUCLASS_586,
412 			{
413 				"K5", "K5", "K5", "K5", 0, 0, "K6",
414 				"K6", "K6-2", "K6-III", "Geode LX", 0, 0,
415 				"K6-2+/III+", 0, 0,
416 			},
417 			"K5 or K6",		/* Default */
418 			amd_family5_setup,
419 			NULL,
420 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
421 		},
422 		/* Family 6 */
423 		{
424 			CPUCLASS_686,
425 			{
426 				0, "Athlon Model 1", "Athlon Model 2",
427 				"Duron", "Athlon Model 4 (Thunderbird)",
428 				0, "Athlon", "Duron", "Athlon", 0,
429 				"Athlon", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
430 			},
431 			"K7 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
432 			NULL,
433 			amd_family6_probe,
434 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
435 		},
436 		/* Family > 6 */
437 		{
438 			CPUCLASS_686,
439 			{
440 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
441 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
442 			},
443 			"Unknown K8 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
444 			NULL,
445 			amd_family6_probe,
446 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
447 		} }
448 	},
449 	{
450 		"CyrixInstead",
451 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX,
452 		"Cyrix",
453 		/* Family 4 */
454 		{ {
455 			CPUCLASS_486,
456 			{
457 				0, 0, 0,
458 				"MediaGX",
459 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
460 			},
461 			"486",		/* Default */
462 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup, /* XXX ?? */
463 			NULL,
464 			NULL,
465 		},
466 		/* Family 5 */
467 		{
468 			CPUCLASS_586,
469 			{
470 				0, 0, "6x86", 0,
471 				"MMX-enhanced MediaGX (GXm)", /* or Geode? */
472 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
473 			},
474 			"6x86",		/* Default */
475 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
476 			NULL,
477 			NULL,
478 		},
479 		/* Family 6 */
480 		{
481 			CPUCLASS_686,
482 			{
483 				"6x86MX", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
484 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
485 			},
486 			"6x86MX",		/* Default */
487 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
488 			NULL,
489 			NULL,
490 		},
491 		/* Family > 6 */
492 		{
493 			CPUCLASS_686,
494 			{
495 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
496 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
497 			},
498 			"Unknown 6x86MX",		/* Default */
499 			NULL,
500 			NULL,
501 			NULL,
502 		} }
503 	},
504 	{	/* MediaGX is now owned by National Semiconductor */
505 		"Geode by NSC",
506 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, /* XXX */
507 		"National Semiconductor",
508 		/* Family 4, NSC never had any of these */
509 		{ {
510 			CPUCLASS_486,
511 			{
512 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
513 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
514 			},
515 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
516 			NULL,
517 			NULL,
518 			NULL,
519 		},
520 		/* Family 5: Geode family, formerly MediaGX */
521 		{
522 			CPUCLASS_586,
523 			{
524 				0, 0, 0, 0,
525 				"Geode GX1",
526 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
527 			},
528 			"Geode",		/* Default */
529 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
530 			NULL,
531 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
532 		},
533 		/* Family 6, not yet available from NSC */
534 		{
535 			CPUCLASS_686,
536 			{
537 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
538 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
539 			},
540 			"Pentium Pro compatible", /* Default */
541 			NULL,
542 			NULL,
543 			NULL,
544 		},
545 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from NSC */
546 		{
547 			CPUCLASS_686,
548 			{
549 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
550 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
551 			},
552 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
553 			NULL,
554 			NULL,
555 			NULL,
556 		} }
557 	},
558 	{
559 		"CentaurHauls",
560 		CPUVENDOR_IDT,
561 		"IDT",
562 		/* Family 4, IDT never had any of these */
563 		{ {
564 			CPUCLASS_486,
565 			{
566 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
567 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
568 			},
569 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
570 			NULL,
571 			NULL,
572 			NULL,
573 		},
574 		/* Family 5 */
575 		{
576 			CPUCLASS_586,
577 			{
578 				0, 0, 0, 0, "WinChip C6", 0, 0, 0,
579 				"WinChip 2", "WinChip 3", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
580 			},
581 			"WinChip",		/* Default */
582 			winchip_cpu_setup,
583 			NULL,
584 			NULL,
585 		},
586 		/* Family 6, VIA acquired IDT Centaur design subsidiary */
587 		{
588 			CPUCLASS_686,
589 			{
590 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "C3 Samuel",
591 				"C3 Samuel 2/Ezra", "C3 Ezra-T",
592 				"C3 Nehemiah", "C7 Esther", 0, 0, "C7 Esther",
593 				0, "VIA Nano",
594 			},
595 			"Unknown VIA/IDT",	/* Default */
596 			NULL,
597 			via_cpu_probe,
598 			via_cpu_cacheinfo,
599 		},
600 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from VIA */
601 		{
602 			CPUCLASS_686,
603 			{
604 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
605 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
606 			},
607 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
608 			NULL,
609 			NULL,
610 			NULL,
611 		} }
612 	},
613 	{
614 		"GenuineTMx86",
615 		CPUVENDOR_TRANSMETA,
616 		"Transmeta",
617 		/* Family 4, Transmeta never had any of these */
618 		{ {
619 			CPUCLASS_486,
620 			{
621 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
622 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
623 			},
624 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
625 			NULL,
626 			NULL,
627 			NULL,
628 		},
629 		/* Family 5 */
630 		{
631 			CPUCLASS_586,
632 			{
633 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
634 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
635 			},
636 			"Crusoe",		/* Default */
637 			NULL,
638 			NULL,
639 			transmeta_cpu_info,
640 		},
641 		/* Family 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
642 		{
643 			CPUCLASS_686,
644 			{
645 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
646 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
647 			},
648 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
649 			NULL,
650 			NULL,
651 			NULL,
652 		},
653 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
654 		{
655 			CPUCLASS_686,
656 			{
657 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
658 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
659 			},
660 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
661 			NULL,
662 			NULL,
663 			NULL,
664 		} }
665 	}
666 };
667 
668 /*
669  * disable the TSC such that we don't use the TSC in microtime(9)
670  * because some CPUs got the implementation wrong.
671  */
672 static void
673 disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *ci)
674 {
675 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_TSC) {
676 		ci->ci_feat_val[0] &= ~CPUID_TSC;
677 		aprint_error("WARNING: broken TSC disabled\n");
678 	}
679 }
680 
681 static void
682 amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
683 {
684 
685 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
686 	case 0:		/* AMD-K5 Model 0 */
687 		/*
688 		 * According to the AMD Processor Recognition App Note,
689 		 * the AMD-K5 Model 0 uses the wrong bit to indicate
690 		 * support for global PTEs, instead using bit 9 (APIC)
691 		 * rather than bit 13 (i.e. "0x200" vs. 0x2000".  Oops!).
692 		 */
693 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_APIC)
694 			ci->ci_feat_val[0] =
695 			    (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & ~CPUID_APIC) | CPUID_PGE;
696 		/*
697 		 * XXX But pmap_pg_g is already initialized -- need to kick
698 		 * XXX the pmap somehow.  How does the MP branch do this?
699 		 */
700 		break;
701 	}
702 }
703 
704 static void
705 cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
706 {
707 
708 	/*
709 	 * Do not disable the TSC on the Geode GX, it's reported to
710 	 * work fine.
711 	 */
712 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0x552)
713 		disable_tsc(ci);
714 }
715 
716 static void
717 winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
718 {
719 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
720 	case 4:	/* WinChip C6 */
721 		disable_tsc(ci);
722 	}
723 }
724 
725 
726 static const char *
727 intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
728 {
729 	const char *ret = NULL;
730 	u_int l2cache = ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize;
731 
732 	if (ci->ci_model == 5) {
733 		switch (l2cache) {
734 		case 0:
735 		case 128 * 1024:
736 			ret = "Celeron (Covington)";
737 			break;
738 		case 256 * 1024:
739 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II (Dixon)";
740 			break;
741 		case 512 * 1024:
742 			ret = "Pentium II";
743 			break;
744 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
745 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
746 			ret = "Pentium II Xeon";
747 			break;
748 		}
749 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 6) {
750 		switch (l2cache) {
751 		case 256 * 1024:
752 		case 512 * 1024:
753 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II";
754 			break;
755 		}
756 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 7) {
757 		switch (l2cache) {
758 		case 512 * 1024:
759 			ret = "Pentium III";
760 			break;
761 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
762 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
763 			ret = "Pentium III Xeon";
764 			break;
765 		}
766 	} else if (ci->ci_model >= 8) {
767 		if (ci->ci_brand_id && ci->ci_brand_id < 0x10) {
768 			switch (ci->ci_brand_id) {
769 			case 0x3:
770 				if (ci->ci_signature == 0x6B1)
771 					ret = "Celeron";
772 				break;
773 			case 0x8:
774 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
775 					ret = "genuine processor";
776 				break;
777 			case 0xB:
778 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
779 					ret = "Xeon MP";
780 				break;
781 			case 0xE:
782 				if (ci->ci_signature < 0xF13)
783 					ret = "Xeon";
784 				break;
785 			}
786 			if (ret == NULL)
787 				ret = i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
788 		}
789 	}
790 
791 	return ret;
792 }
793 
794 /*
795  * Identify AMD64 CPU names from cpuid.
796  *
797  * Based on:
798  * "Revision Guide for AMD Athlon 64 and AMD Opteron Processors"
799  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/25759.pdf
800  * "Revision Guide for AMD NPT Family 0Fh Processors"
801  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/33610.pdf
802  * and other miscellaneous reports.
803  *
804  * This is all rather pointless, these are cross 'brand' since the raw
805  * silicon is shared.
806  */
807 static const char *
808 amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
809 {
810 	static char family_str[32];
811 
812 	/* Only called if family >= 15 */
813 
814 	switch (ci->ci_family) {
815 	case 15:
816 		switch (ci->ci_model) {
817 		case 0x21:	/* rev JH-E1/E6 */
818 		case 0x41:	/* rev JH-F2 */
819 			return "Dual-Core Opteron";
820 		case 0x23:	/* rev JH-E6 (Toledo) */
821 			return "Dual-Core Opteron or Athlon 64 X2";
822 		case 0x43:	/* rev JH-F2 (Windsor) */
823 			return "Athlon 64 FX or Athlon 64 X2";
824 		case 0x24:	/* rev SH-E5 (Lancaster?) */
825 			return "Mobile Athlon 64 or Turion 64";
826 		case 0x05:	/* rev SH-B0/B3/C0/CG (SledgeHammer?) */
827 			return "Opteron or Athlon 64 FX";
828 		case 0x15:	/* rev SH-D0 */
829 		case 0x25:	/* rev SH-E4 */
830 			return "Opteron";
831 		case 0x27:	/* rev DH-E4, SH-E4 */
832 			return "Athlon 64 or Athlon 64 FX or Opteron";
833 		case 0x48:	/* rev BH-F2 */
834 			return "Turion 64 X2";
835 		case 0x04:	/* rev SH-B0/C0/CG (ClawHammer) */
836 		case 0x07:	/* rev SH-CG (ClawHammer) */
837 		case 0x0b:	/* rev CH-CG */
838 		case 0x14:	/* rev SH-D0 */
839 		case 0x17:	/* rev SH-D0 */
840 		case 0x1b:	/* rev CH-D0 */
841 			return "Athlon 64";
842 		case 0x2b:	/* rev BH-E4 (Manchester) */
843 		case 0x4b:	/* rev BH-F2 (Windsor) */
844 			return "Athlon 64 X2";
845 		case 0x6b:	/* rev BH-G1 (Brisbane) */
846 			return "Athlon X2 or Athlon 64 X2";
847 		case 0x08:	/* rev CH-CG */
848 		case 0x0c:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle) */
849 		case 0x0e:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle?) */
850 		case 0x0f:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle/Paris) */
851 		case 0x18:	/* rev CH-D0 */
852 		case 0x1c:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester) */
853 		case 0x1f:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester/Victoria) */
854 		case 0x2c:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 */
855 		case 0x2f:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 (Venice/Palermo) */
856 		case 0x4f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
857 		case 0x5f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
858 		case 0x6f:	/* rev DH-G1 */
859 			return "Athlon 64 or Sempron";
860 		default:
861 			break;
862 		}
863 		return "Unknown AMD64 CPU";
864 
865 #if 0
866 	case 16:
867 		return "Family 10h";
868 	case 17:
869 		return "Family 11h";
870 	case 18:
871 		return "Family 12h";
872 	case 19:
873 		return "Family 14h";
874 	case 20:
875 		return "Family 15h";
876 #endif
877 
878 	default:
879 		break;
880 	}
881 
882 	snprintf(family_str, sizeof family_str, "Family %xh", ci->ci_family);
883 	return family_str;
884 }
885 
886 static void
887 intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
888 {
889 	uint32_t descs[4];
890 
891 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
892 
893 	/*
894 	 * Determine extended feature flags.
895 	 */
896 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
897 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
898 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
899 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] |= descs[2];
900 	}
901 }
902 
903 static void
904 via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
905 {
906 	u_int stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
907 	u_int descs[4];
908 	u_int lfunc;
909 
910 	/*
911 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
912 	 */
913 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
914 	lfunc = descs[0];
915 
916 	/*
917 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
918 	 */
919 	if (lfunc >= 0x80000001) {
920 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
921 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
922 	}
923 
924 	if (ci->ci_model < 0x9 || (ci->ci_model == 0x9 && stepping < 3))
925 		return;
926 
927 	/* Nehemiah or Esther */
928 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000000, descs);
929 	lfunc = descs[0];
930 	if (lfunc < 0xc0000001)	/* no ACE, no RNG */
931 		return;
932 
933 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000001, descs);
934 	lfunc = descs[3];
935 	ci->ci_feat_val[4] = lfunc;
936 }
937 
938 static void
939 amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
940 {
941 	uint32_t descs[4];
942 	char *p;
943 	size_t i;
944 
945 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
946 
947 	/*
948 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
949 	 */
950 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
951 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
952 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3]; /* %edx */
953 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] = descs[2]; /* %ecx */
954 	}
955 
956 	if (*cpu_brand_string == '\0')
957 		return;
958 
959 	for (i = 1; i < __arraycount(amd_brand); i++)
960 		if ((p = strstr(cpu_brand_string, amd_brand[i])) != NULL) {
961 			ci->ci_brand_id = i;
962 			strlcpy(amd_brand_name, p, sizeof(amd_brand_name));
963 			break;
964 		}
965 }
966 
967 static void
968 intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
969 {
970 	const struct x86_cache_info *cai;
971 	u_int descs[4];
972 	int iterations, i, j;
973 	int type, level, ways, linesize, sets;
974 	int caitype = -1;
975 	uint8_t desc;
976 
977 	/* Return if the cpu is old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
978 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0)
979 		return;
980 
981 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 2)
982 		return;
983 
984 	/*
985 	 * Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 2', if we have it.
986 	 * XXX This is kinda ugly, but hey, so is the architecture...
987 	 */
988 	x86_cpuid(2, descs);
989 	iterations = descs[0] & 0xff;
990 	while (iterations-- > 0) {
991 		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
992 			if (descs[i] & 0x80000000)
993 				continue;
994 			for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
995 				/*
996 				 * The least significant byte in EAX
997 				 * ((desc[0] >> 0) & 0xff) is always 0x01 and
998 				 * it should be ignored.
999 				 */
1000 				if (i == 0 && j == 0)
1001 					continue;
1002 				desc = (descs[i] >> (j * 8)) & 0xff;
1003 				if (desc == 0)
1004 					continue;
1005 				cai = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(
1006 					intel_cpuid_cache_info, desc);
1007 				if (cai != NULL)
1008 					ci->ci_cinfo[cai->cai_index] = *cai;
1009 				else if ((verbose != 0) && (desc != 0xff)
1010 				    && (desc != 0xfe))
1011 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "error:"
1012 					    " Unknown cacheinfo desc %02x\n",
1013 					    desc);
1014 			}
1015 		}
1016 		x86_cpuid(2, descs);
1017 	}
1018 
1019 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 4)
1020 		return;
1021 
1022 	/* Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 4', if we have it. */
1023 	cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 4);
1024 
1025 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x18)
1026 		return;
1027 	/* Parse the TLB info from `cpuid leaf 18H', if we have it. */
1028 	x86_cpuid(0x18, descs);
1029 	iterations = descs[0];
1030 	for (i = 0; i <= iterations; i++) {
1031 		uint32_t pgsize;
1032 		bool full;
1033 
1034 		x86_cpuid2(0x18, i, descs);
1035 		type = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE);
1036 		if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_N)
1037 			continue;
1038 		level = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCLEVEL);
1039 		pgsize = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE);
1040 		switch (level) {
1041 		case 1:
1042 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I) {
1043 				switch (pgsize) {
1044 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1045 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1046 					break;
1047 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1048 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1049 					caitype = CAI_ITLB2;
1050 					break;
1051 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1052 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBITLB;
1053 					break;
1054 				default:
1055 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1056 					    "error: unknown ITLB size (%d)\n",
1057 					    pgsize);
1058 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1059 					break;
1060 				}
1061 			} else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D) {
1062 				switch (pgsize) {
1063 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1064 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1065 					break;
1066 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1067 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1068 					caitype = CAI_DTLB2;
1069 					break;
1070 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1071 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBDTLB;
1072 					break;
1073 				default:
1074 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1075 					    "error: unknown DTLB size (%d)\n",
1076 					    pgsize);
1077 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1078 					break;
1079 				}
1080 			} else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_L)
1081 				caitype = CAI_L1_LD_TLB;
1082 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_S)
1083 				caitype = CAI_L1_ST_TLB;
1084 			else
1085 				caitype = -1;
1086 			break;
1087 		case 2:
1088 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I)
1089 				caitype = CAI_L2_ITLB;
1090 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D)
1091 				caitype = CAI_L2_DTLB;
1092 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_U) {
1093 				if (pgsize == CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB)
1094 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB;
1095 				else if (pgsize == (CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB
1096 					| CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB))
1097 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB2;
1098 				else if (pgsize == (CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1099 					| CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB))
1100 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1101 				else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB)
1102 				    != 0) {
1103 					/* FIXME: 1GB max TLB */
1104 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1105 					linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
1106 				} else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB)
1107 				    != 0) {
1108 					/* FIXME: 4MB max TLB */
1109 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1110 					linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1111 				} else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB)
1112 				    != 0) {
1113 					/* FIXME: 2MB max TLB */
1114 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB2;
1115 					linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1116 				} else {
1117 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "error: "
1118 					    "unknown L2 STLB size (%d)\n",
1119 					    pgsize);
1120 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB;
1121 					linesize = 4 * 1024;
1122 				}
1123 			} else
1124 				caitype = -1;
1125 			break;
1126 		case 3:
1127 			/* XXX need work for L3 TLB */
1128 			caitype = CAI_L3CACHE;
1129 			break;
1130 		default:
1131 			caitype = -1;
1132 			break;
1133 		}
1134 		if (caitype == -1) {
1135 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1136 			    "error: unknown TLB level&type (%d & %d)\n",
1137 			    level, type);
1138 			continue;
1139 		}
1140 		switch (pgsize) {
1141 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1142 			linesize = 4 * 1024;
1143 			break;
1144 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB:
1145 			linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1146 			break;
1147 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1148 			linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1149 			break;
1150 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1151 			linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
1152 			break;
1153 		default:
1154 			if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB) != 0)
1155 				linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 1G */
1156 			else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB) != 0)
1157 				linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 4M */
1158 			else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB) != 0)
1159 				linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 2M */
1160 			else
1161 				linesize = 4 * 1024;	/* XXX default to 4K */
1162 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "WARNING: Currently "
1163 			    "this info can't print correctly "
1164 			    "(level = %d, pgsize = %d)\n",
1165 			    level, pgsize);
1166 			break;
1167 		}
1168 		ways = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_WAYS);
1169 		sets = descs[2];
1170 		full = descs[3] & CPUID_DATP_FULLASSOC;
1171 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_totalsize
1172 		    = ways * sets; /* entries */
1173 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_associativity
1174 		    = full ? 0xff : ways;
1175 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_linesize = linesize; /* pg size */
1176 	}
1177 }
1178 
1179 static const struct x86_cache_info amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info[] =
1180     AMD_L2L3CACHE_INFO;
1181 
1182 static void
1183 amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1184 {
1185 	const struct x86_cache_info *cp;
1186 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1187 	u_int descs[4];
1188 	u_int lfunc;
1189 
1190 	/* K5 model 0 has none of this info. */
1191 	if (ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model == 0)
1192 		return;
1193 
1194 	/* Determine the largest extended function value. */
1195 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1196 	lfunc = descs[0];
1197 
1198 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005)
1199 		return;
1200 
1201 	/* Determine L1 cache/TLB info. */
1202 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1203 
1204 	/* K6-III and higher have large page TLBs. */
1205 	if ((ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model >= 9) || ci->ci_family >= 6) {
1206 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB2];
1207 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1208 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1209 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1210 
1211 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB2];
1212 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1213 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1214 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1215 	}
1216 
1217 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1218 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1219 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1220 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1221 
1222 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1223 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1224 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1225 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1226 
1227 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1228 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1229 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1230 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_LS(descs[2]);
1231 
1232 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1233 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1234 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1235 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1236 
1237 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006)
1238 		return;
1239 
1240 	/* Determine L2 cache/TLB info. */
1241 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1242 
1243 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB];
1244 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1245 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1246 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1247 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1248 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1249 	if (cp != NULL)
1250 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1251 	else
1252 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1253 
1254 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB2];
1255 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1256 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1257 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1258 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1259 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1260 	if (cp != NULL)
1261 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1262 	else
1263 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1264 
1265 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB];
1266 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1267 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1268 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1269 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1270 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1271 	if (cp != NULL)
1272 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1273 	else
1274 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1275 
1276 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB2];
1277 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1278 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1279 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1280 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1281 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1282 	if (cp != NULL)
1283 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1284 	else
1285 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1286 
1287 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1288 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1289 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1290 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1291 
1292 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1293 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1294 	if (cp != NULL)
1295 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1296 	else
1297 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1298 
1299 	/* Determine L3 cache info on AMD Family 10h and newer processors */
1300 	if (ci->ci_family >= 0x10) {
1301 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE];
1302 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_SIZE(descs[3]);
1303 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L3_EDX_C_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1304 		cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_LS(descs[3]);
1305 
1306 		cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1307 		    cai->cai_associativity);
1308 		if (cp != NULL)
1309 			cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1310 		else
1311 			cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unkn/Rsvd */
1312 	}
1313 
1314 	if (lfunc < 0x80000019)
1315 		return;
1316 
1317 	/* Determine 1GB TLB info. */
1318 	x86_cpuid(0x80000019, descs);
1319 
1320 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBITLB];
1321 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1322 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1323 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1324 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1325 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1326 	if (cp != NULL)
1327 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1328 	else
1329 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1330 
1331 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBDTLB];
1332 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1333 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1334 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1335 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1336 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1337 	if (cp != NULL)
1338 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1339 	else
1340 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1341 
1342 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBITLB];
1343 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1344 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1345 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1346 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1347 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1348 	if (cp != NULL)
1349 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1350 	else
1351 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1352 
1353 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBDTLB];
1354 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1355 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1356 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1357 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1358 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1359 	if (cp != NULL)
1360 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1361 	else
1362 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1363 
1364 	if (lfunc < 0x8000001d)
1365 		return;
1366 
1367 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_TOPOEXT)
1368 		cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 0x8000001d);
1369 }
1370 
1371 static void
1372 via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1373 {
1374 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1375 	int stepping;
1376 	u_int descs[4];
1377 	u_int lfunc;
1378 
1379 	stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
1380 
1381 	/*
1382 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
1383 	 */
1384 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1385 	lfunc = descs[0];
1386 
1387 	/*
1388 	 * Determine L1 cache/TLB info.
1389 	 */
1390 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005) {
1391 		/* No L1 cache info available. */
1392 		return;
1393 	}
1394 
1395 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1396 
1397 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1398 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1399 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1400 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1401 
1402 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1403 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1404 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1405 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1406 
1407 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1408 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1409 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1410 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[2]);
1411 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1412 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1413 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1414 	}
1415 
1416 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1417 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1418 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1419 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1420 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1421 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1422 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1423 	}
1424 
1425 	/*
1426 	 * Determine L2 cache/TLB info.
1427 	 */
1428 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006) {
1429 		/* No L2 cache info available. */
1430 		return;
1431 	}
1432 
1433 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1434 
1435 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1436 	if (ci->ci_model >= 9) {
1437 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1438 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1439 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1440 	} else {
1441 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1442 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1443 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1444 	}
1445 }
1446 
1447 static void
1448 tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *frequency, u_int *voltage, u_int *percentage)
1449 {
1450 	u_int descs[4];
1451 
1452 	x86_cpuid(0x80860007, descs);
1453 	*frequency = descs[0];
1454 	*voltage = descs[1];
1455 	*percentage = descs[2];
1456 }
1457 
1458 static void
1459 transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
1460 {
1461 	u_int descs[4], nreg;
1462 	u_int frequency, voltage, percentage;
1463 
1464 	x86_cpuid(0x80860000, descs);
1465 	nreg = descs[0];
1466 	if (nreg >= 0x80860001) {
1467 		x86_cpuid(0x80860001, descs);
1468 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Processor revision %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
1469 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1470 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1471 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1472 		    descs[1] & 0xff);
1473 	}
1474 	if (nreg >= 0x80860002) {
1475 		x86_cpuid(0x80860002, descs);
1476 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Code Morphing Software Rev: %u.%u.%u-%u-%u\n",
1477 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1478 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1479 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1480 		    descs[1] & 0xff,
1481 		    descs[2]);
1482 	}
1483 	if (nreg >= 0x80860006) {
1484 		union {
1485 			char text[65];
1486 			u_int descs[4][4];
1487 		} info;
1488 		int i;
1489 
1490 		for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
1491 			x86_cpuid(0x80860003 + i, info.descs[i]);
1492 		}
1493 		info.text[64] = '\0';
1494 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%s\n", info.text);
1495 	}
1496 
1497 	if (nreg >= 0x80860007) {
1498 		tmx86_get_longrun_status(&frequency,
1499 		    &voltage, &percentage);
1500 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "LongRun <%dMHz %dmV %d%%>\n",
1501 		    frequency, voltage, percentage);
1502 	}
1503 }
1504 
1505 static void
1506 cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1507 {
1508 	u_int descs[4];
1509 	int i;
1510 	uint32_t brand[12];
1511 
1512 	memset(ci, 0, sizeof(*ci));
1513 	ci->ci_dev = cpuname;
1514 
1515 	ci->ci_cpu_type = x86_identify();
1516 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
1517 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1518 		ci->ci_max_cpuid = -1;
1519 		return;
1520 	}
1521 
1522 	/*
1523 	 * This CPU supports cpuid instruction, so we can call x86_cpuid()
1524 	 * function.
1525 	 */
1526 
1527 	/*
1528 	 * Fn0000_0000:
1529 	 * - Save cpuid max level.
1530 	 * - Save vendor string.
1531 	 */
1532 	x86_cpuid(0, descs);
1533 	ci->ci_max_cpuid = descs[0];
1534 	/* Save vendor string */
1535 	ci->ci_vendor[0] = descs[1];
1536 	ci->ci_vendor[2] = descs[2];
1537 	ci->ci_vendor[1] = descs[3];
1538 	ci->ci_vendor[3] = 0;
1539 
1540 	/*
1541 	 * Fn8000_0000:
1542 	 * - Get cpuid extended function's max level.
1543 	 */
1544 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1545 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000000)
1546 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = descs[0];
1547 	else {
1548 		/* Set lower value than 0x80000000 */
1549 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = 0;
1550 	}
1551 
1552 	/*
1553 	 * Fn8000_000[2-4]:
1554 	 * - Save brand string.
1555 	 */
1556 	if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000004) {
1557 		x86_cpuid(0x80000002, brand);
1558 		x86_cpuid(0x80000003, brand + 4);
1559 		x86_cpuid(0x80000004, brand + 8);
1560 		for (i = 0; i < 48; i++)
1561 			if (((char *) brand)[i] != ' ')
1562 				break;
1563 		memcpy(cpu_brand_string, ((char *) brand) + i, 48 - i);
1564 	}
1565 
1566 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1567 		return;
1568 
1569 	/*
1570 	 * Fn0000_0001:
1571 	 * - Get CPU family, model and stepping (from eax).
1572 	 * - Initial local APIC ID and brand ID (from ebx)
1573 	 * - CPUID2 (from ecx)
1574 	 * - CPUID (from edx)
1575 	 */
1576 	x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1577 	ci->ci_signature = descs[0];
1578 
1579 	/* Extract full family/model values */
1580 	ci->ci_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1581 	ci->ci_model = CPUID_TO_MODEL(ci->ci_signature);
1582 
1583 	/* Brand is low order 8 bits of ebx */
1584 	ci->ci_brand_id = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_BRAND_INDEX);
1585 	/* Initial local APIC ID */
1586 	ci->ci_initapicid = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_LOCAL_APIC_ID);
1587 
1588 	ci->ci_feat_val[1] = descs[2];
1589 	ci->ci_feat_val[0] = descs[3];
1590 
1591 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 3)
1592 		return;
1593 
1594 	/*
1595 	 * If the processor serial number misfeature is present and supported,
1596 	 * extract it here.
1597 	 */
1598 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN) != 0) {
1599 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] = ci->ci_signature;
1600 		x86_cpuid(3, descs);
1601 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] = descs[2];
1602 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] = descs[3];
1603 	}
1604 
1605 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x7)
1606 		return;
1607 
1608 	x86_cpuid(7, descs);
1609 	ci->ci_feat_val[5] = descs[1];
1610 	ci->ci_feat_val[6] = descs[2];
1611 	ci->ci_feat_val[7] = descs[3];
1612 
1613 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0xd)
1614 		return;
1615 
1616 	/* Get support XCR0 bits */
1617 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 0, descs);
1618 	ci->ci_feat_val[8] = descs[0];	/* Actually 64 bits */
1619 	ci->ci_cur_xsave = descs[1];
1620 	ci->ci_max_xsave = descs[2];
1621 
1622 	/* Additional flags (eg xsaveopt support) */
1623 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 1, descs);
1624 	ci->ci_feat_val[9] = descs[0];	 /* Actually 64 bits */
1625 }
1626 
1627 static void
1628 cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1629 {
1630 	uint32_t descs[4];
1631 	char hv_sig[13];
1632 	char *p;
1633 	const char *hv_name;
1634 	int i;
1635 
1636 	/*
1637 	 * [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors and Linux.
1638 	 * http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/1/246
1639 	 *
1640 	 * KB1009458: Mechanisms to determine if software is running in
1641 	 * a VMware virtual machine
1642 	 * http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1009458
1643 	 */
1644 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
1645 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
1646 		for (i = 1, p = hv_sig; i < 4; i++, p += sizeof(descs) / 4)
1647 			memcpy(p, &descs[i], sizeof(descs[i]));
1648 		*p = '\0';
1649 		/*
1650 		 * HV vendor	ID string
1651 		 * ------------+--------------
1652 		 * HAXM		"HAXMHAXMHAXM"
1653 		 * KVM		"KVMKVMKVM"
1654 		 * Microsoft	"Microsoft Hv"
1655 		 * QEMU(TCG)	"TCGTCGTCGTCG"
1656 		 * VMware	"VMwareVMware"
1657 		 * Xen		"XenVMMXenVMM"
1658 		 * NetBSD	"___ NVMM ___"
1659 		 */
1660 		if (strncmp(hv_sig, "HAXMHAXMHAXM", 12) == 0)
1661 			hv_name = "HAXM";
1662 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "KVMKVMKVM", 9) == 0)
1663 			hv_name = "KVM";
1664 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "Microsoft Hv", 12) == 0)
1665 			hv_name = "Hyper-V";
1666 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "TCGTCGTCGTCG", 12) == 0)
1667 			hv_name = "QEMU(TCG)";
1668 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "VMwareVMware", 12) == 0)
1669 			hv_name = "VMware";
1670 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "XenVMMXenVMM", 12) == 0)
1671 			hv_name = "Xen";
1672 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "___ NVMM ___", 12) == 0)
1673 			hv_name = "NVMM";
1674 		else
1675 			hv_name = "unknown";
1676 
1677 		printf("%s: Running on hypervisor: %s\n", cpuname, hv_name);
1678 	}
1679 }
1680 
1681 static void
1682 cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *ci)
1683 {
1684 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1685 	unsigned int i;
1686 
1687 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1688 		return;
1689 
1690 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
1691 		if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
1692 		    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
1693 			cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
1694 			break;
1695 		}
1696 	}
1697 
1698 	if (cpup == NULL)
1699 		return;
1700 
1701 	i = ci->ci_family - CPU_MINFAMILY;
1702 
1703 	if (i >= __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family))
1704 		i = __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family) - 1;
1705 
1706 	if (cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe == NULL)
1707 		return;
1708 
1709 	(*cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe)(ci);
1710 }
1711 
1712 static void
1713 print_bits(const char *cpuname, const char *hdr, const char *fmt, uint32_t val)
1714 {
1715 	char buf[32 * 16];
1716 	char *bp;
1717 
1718 #define	MAX_LINE_LEN	79	/* get from command arg or 'stty cols' ? */
1719 
1720 	if (val == 0 || fmt == NULL)
1721 		return;
1722 
1723 	snprintb_m(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, val,
1724 	    MAX_LINE_LEN - strlen(cpuname) - 2 - strlen(hdr) - 1);
1725 	bp = buf;
1726 	while (*bp != '\0') {
1727 		aprint_verbose("%s: %s %s\n", cpuname, hdr, bp);
1728 		bp += strlen(bp) + 1;
1729 	}
1730 }
1731 #ifdef lint
1732 #define print_bits(cpuname, hdr, fmt, val) \
1733 	do {	\
1734 		print_bits(cpuname, hdr, fmt, val); \
1735 		snprintb(NULL, 0, fmt, val); \
1736 	} while (0)
1737 #endif
1738 
1739 static void
1740 dump_descs(uint32_t leafstart, uint32_t leafend, const char *cpuname,
1741     const char *blockname)
1742 {
1743 	uint32_t descs[4];
1744 	uint32_t leaf;
1745 
1746 	aprint_verbose("%s: highest %s info %08x\n", cpuname, blockname,
1747 	    leafend);
1748 
1749 	if (verbose) {
1750 		for (leaf = leafstart; leaf <= leafend; leaf++) {
1751 			x86_cpuid(leaf, descs);
1752 			printf("%s: %08x: %08x %08x %08x %08x\n", cpuname,
1753 			    leaf, descs[0], descs[1], descs[2], descs[3]);
1754 		}
1755 	}
1756 }
1757 
1758 static void
1759 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(struct cpu_info *ci)
1760 {
1761 	u_int lp_max = 1;	/* logical processors per package */
1762 	u_int smt_max;		/* smt per core */
1763 	u_int core_max = 1;	/* core per package */
1764 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits;
1765 	uint32_t descs[4];
1766 
1767 	/*
1768 	 * 253668.pdf 7.10.2
1769 	 */
1770 
1771 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1772 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1773 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1774 	}
1775 	x86_cpuid2(4, 0, descs);
1776 	core_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_DCP_CORE_P_PKG) + 1;
1777 
1778 	assert(lp_max >= core_max);
1779 	smt_max = lp_max / core_max;
1780 	smt_bits = ilog2(smt_max - 1) + 1;
1781 	core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1782 
1783 	if (smt_bits + core_bits)
1784 		ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> (smt_bits + core_bits);
1785 
1786 	if (core_bits)
1787 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1788 		    __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1));
1789 
1790 	if (smt_bits)
1791 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1792 		    __BITS((int)0, (int)(smt_bits - 1)));
1793 }
1794 
1795 static void
1796 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(struct cpu_info *ci)
1797 {
1798 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1799 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits, core_shift = 0, pkg_shift = 0;
1800 	uint32_t descs[4];
1801 	int i;
1802 
1803 	x86_cpuid(0x0b, descs);
1804 	if (descs[1] == 0) {
1805 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1806 		return;
1807 	}
1808 
1809 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
1810 		unsigned int shiftnum, lvltype;
1811 		x86_cpuid2(0x0b, i, descs);
1812 
1813 		/* On invalid level, (EAX and) EBX return 0 */
1814 		if (descs[1] == 0)
1815 			break;
1816 
1817 		shiftnum = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_TOP_SHIFTNUM);
1818 		lvltype = __SHIFTOUT(descs[2], CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE);
1819 		switch (lvltype) {
1820 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_SMT:
1821 			core_shift = shiftnum;
1822 			break;
1823 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_CORE:
1824 			pkg_shift = shiftnum;
1825 			break;
1826 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_INVAL:
1827 			aprint_verbose("%s: Invalid level type\n", cpuname);
1828 			break;
1829 		default:
1830 			aprint_verbose("%s: Unknown level type(%d) \n",
1831 			    cpuname, lvltype);
1832 			break;
1833 		}
1834 	}
1835 
1836 	assert(pkg_shift >= core_shift);
1837 	smt_bits = core_shift;
1838 	core_bits = pkg_shift - core_shift;
1839 
1840 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> pkg_shift;
1841 
1842 	if (core_bits)
1843 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1844 		    __BITS(core_shift, pkg_shift - 1));
1845 
1846 	if (smt_bits)
1847 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1848 		    __BITS((int)0, core_shift - 1));
1849 }
1850 
1851 static void
1852 identifycpu_cpuids_intel(struct cpu_info *ci)
1853 {
1854 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1855 
1856 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x0b)
1857 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(ci);
1858 	else if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 4)
1859 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1860 
1861 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1862 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1863 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1864 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1865 }
1866 
1867 static void
1868 identifycpu_cpuids_amd(struct cpu_info *ci)
1869 {
1870 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1871 	u_int lp_max, core_max;
1872 	int n, cpu_family, apic_id, smt_bits, core_bits = 0;
1873 	uint32_t descs[4];
1874 
1875 	apic_id = ci->ci_initapicid;
1876 	cpu_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1877 
1878 	if (cpu_family < 0xf)
1879 		return;
1880 
1881 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1882 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1883 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1884 
1885 		if (cpu_family >= 0x10 && ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000008) {
1886 			x86_cpuid(0x8000008, descs);
1887 			core_max = (descs[2] & 0xff) + 1;
1888 			n = (descs[2] >> 12) & 0x0f;
1889 			if (n != 0)
1890 				core_bits = n;
1891 		}
1892 	} else {
1893 		lp_max = 1;
1894 	}
1895 	core_max = lp_max;
1896 
1897 	smt_bits = ilog2((lp_max / core_max) - 1) + 1;
1898 	if (core_bits == 0)
1899 		core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1900 
1901 #if 0 /* MSRs need kernel mode */
1902 	if (cpu_family < 0x11) {
1903 		const uint64_t reg = rdmsr(MSR_NB_CFG);
1904 		if ((reg & NB_CFG_INITAPICCPUIDLO) == 0) {
1905 			const u_int node_id = apic_id & __BITS(0, 2);
1906 			apic_id = (cpu_family == 0xf) ?
1907 				(apic_id >> core_bits) | (node_id << core_bits) :
1908 				(apic_id >> 5) | (node_id << 2);
1909 		}
1910 	}
1911 #endif
1912 
1913 	if (cpu_family >= 0x17) {
1914 		x86_cpuid(0x8000001e, descs);
1915 		const u_int threads = ((descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff) + 1;
1916 		smt_bits = ilog2(threads);
1917 		core_bits -= smt_bits;
1918 	}
1919 
1920 	if (smt_bits + core_bits) {
1921 		if (smt_bits + core_bits < 32)
1922 			ci->ci_packageid = 0;
1923 	}
1924 	if (core_bits) {
1925 		u_int core_mask = __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1);
1926 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, core_mask);
1927 	}
1928 	if (smt_bits) {
1929 		u_int smt_mask = __BITS(0, smt_bits - 1);
1930 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, smt_mask);
1931 	}
1932 
1933 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1934 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1935 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1936 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1937 }
1938 
1939 static void
1940 identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *ci)
1941 {
1942 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1943 
1944 	aprint_verbose("%s: Initial APIC ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_initapicid);
1945 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid;
1946 	ci->ci_coreid = 0;
1947 	ci->ci_smtid = 0;
1948 
1949 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
1950 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel(ci);
1951 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
1952 		identifycpu_cpuids_amd(ci);
1953 }
1954 
1955 void
1956 identifycpu(int fd, const char *cpuname)
1957 {
1958 	const char *name = "", *modifier, *vendorname, *brand = "";
1959 	int class = CPUCLASS_386;
1960 	unsigned int i;
1961 	int modif, family;
1962 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1963 	const struct cpu_cpuid_family *cpufam;
1964 	struct cpu_info *ci, cistore;
1965 	u_int descs[4];
1966 	size_t sz;
1967 	struct cpu_ucode_version ucode;
1968 	union {
1969 		struct cpu_ucode_version_amd amd;
1970 		struct cpu_ucode_version_intel1 intel1;
1971 	} ucvers;
1972 
1973 	ci = &cistore;
1974 	cpu_probe_base_features(ci, cpuname);
1975 	dump_descs(0x00000000, ci->ci_max_cpuid, cpuname, "basic");
1976 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
1977 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
1978 		dump_descs(0x40000000, descs[0], cpuname, "hypervisor");
1979 	}
1980 	dump_descs(0x80000000, ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid, cpuname, "extended");
1981 
1982 	cpu_probe_hv_features(ci, cpuname);
1983 	cpu_probe_features(ci);
1984 
1985 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
1986 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1987 		if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= (int)__arraycount(i386_nocpuid_cpus))
1988 			errx(1, "unknown cpu type %d", ci->ci_cpu_type);
1989 		name = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_name;
1990 		cpu_vendor = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendor;
1991 		vendorname = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendorname;
1992 		class = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_class;
1993 		ci->ci_info = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_info;
1994 		modifier = "";
1995 	} else {
1996 		/* CPU which support cpuid instruction */
1997 		modif = (ci->ci_signature >> 12) & 0x3;
1998 		family = ci->ci_family;
1999 		if (family < CPU_MINFAMILY)
2000 			errx(1, "identifycpu: strange family value");
2001 		if (family > CPU_MAXFAMILY)
2002 			family = CPU_MAXFAMILY;
2003 
2004 		for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
2005 			if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
2006 			    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
2007 				cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
2008 				break;
2009 			}
2010 		}
2011 
2012 		if (cpup == NULL) {
2013 			cpu_vendor = CPUVENDOR_UNKNOWN;
2014 			if (ci->ci_vendor[0] != '\0')
2015 				vendorname = (char *)&ci->ci_vendor[0];
2016 			else
2017 				vendorname = "Unknown";
2018 			class = family - 3;
2019 			modifier = "";
2020 			name = "";
2021 			ci->ci_info = NULL;
2022 		} else {
2023 			cpu_vendor = cpup->cpu_vendor;
2024 			vendorname = cpup->cpu_vendorname;
2025 			modifier = modifiers[modif];
2026 			cpufam = &cpup->cpu_family[family - CPU_MINFAMILY];
2027 			name = cpufam->cpu_models[ci->ci_model];
2028 			if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
2029 				name = cpufam->cpu_model_default;
2030 			class = cpufam->cpu_class;
2031 			ci->ci_info = cpufam->cpu_info;
2032 
2033 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2034 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 5) {
2035 					const char *tmp;
2036 					tmp = intel_family6_name(ci);
2037 					if (tmp != NULL)
2038 						name = tmp;
2039 				}
2040 				if (ci->ci_family == 15 &&
2041 				    ci->ci_brand_id <
2042 				    __arraycount(i386_intel_brand) &&
2043 				    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id])
2044 					name =
2045 					    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2046 			}
2047 
2048 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2049 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 6) {
2050 					if (ci->ci_brand_id == 1)
2051 						/*
2052 						 * It's Duron. We override the
2053 						 * name, since it might have
2054 						 * been misidentified as Athlon.
2055 						 */
2056 						name =
2057 						    amd_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2058 					else
2059 						brand = amd_brand_name;
2060 				}
2061 				if (CPUID_TO_BASEFAMILY(ci->ci_signature)
2062 				    == 0xf) {
2063 					/* Identify AMD64 CPU names.  */
2064 					const char *tmp;
2065 					tmp = amd_amd64_name(ci);
2066 					if (tmp != NULL)
2067 						name = tmp;
2068 				}
2069 			}
2070 
2071 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_IDT && ci->ci_family >= 6)
2072 				vendorname = "VIA";
2073 		}
2074 	}
2075 
2076 	ci->ci_cpu_class = class;
2077 
2078 	sz = sizeof(ci->ci_tsc_freq);
2079 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.tsc_freq", &ci->ci_tsc_freq, &sz, NULL, 0);
2080 	sz = sizeof(use_pae);
2081 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.pae", &use_pae, &sz, NULL, 0);
2082 	largepagesize = (use_pae ? 2 * 1024 * 1024 : 4 * 1024 * 1024);
2083 
2084 	/*
2085 	 * The 'cpu_brand_string' is much more useful than the 'cpu_model'
2086 	 * we try to determine from the family/model values.
2087 	 */
2088 	if (*cpu_brand_string != '\0')
2089 		aprint_normal("%s: \"%s\"\n", cpuname, cpu_brand_string);
2090 
2091 	aprint_normal("%s: %s", cpuname, vendorname);
2092 	if (*modifier)
2093 		aprint_normal(" %s", modifier);
2094 	if (*name)
2095 		aprint_normal(" %s", name);
2096 	if (*brand)
2097 		aprint_normal(" %s", brand);
2098 	aprint_normal(" (%s-class)", classnames[class]);
2099 
2100 	if (ci->ci_tsc_freq != 0)
2101 		aprint_normal(", %ju.%02ju MHz",
2102 		    ((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 1000000,
2103 		    (((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 10000) % 100);
2104 	aprint_normal("\n");
2105 
2106 	(void)cpu_tsc_freq_cpuid(ci);
2107 
2108 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "family %#x model %#x stepping %#x",
2109 	    ci->ci_family, ci->ci_model, CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature));
2110 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0)
2111 		aprint_normal(" (id %#x)", ci->ci_signature);
2112 	aprint_normal("\n");
2113 
2114 	if (ci->ci_info)
2115 		(*ci->ci_info)(ci);
2116 
2117 	/*
2118 	 * display CPU feature flags
2119 	 */
2120 
2121 	print_bits(cpuname, "features", CPUID_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[0]);
2122 	print_bits(cpuname, "features1", CPUID2_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[1]);
2123 
2124 	/* These next two are actually common definitions! */
2125 	print_bits(cpuname, "features2",
2126 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_EXT_FLAGS
2127 		: CPUID_EXT_FLAGS, ci->ci_feat_val[2]);
2128 	print_bits(cpuname, "features3",
2129 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_FLAGS4
2130 		: CPUID_AMD_FLAGS4, ci->ci_feat_val[3]);
2131 
2132 	print_bits(cpuname, "padloack features", CPUID_FLAGS_PADLOCK,
2133 	    ci->ci_feat_val[4]);
2134 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2135 		print_bits(cpuname, "features5", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS,
2136 		    ci->ci_feat_val[5]);
2137 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2138 		print_bits(cpuname, "features6", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS1,
2139 		    ci->ci_feat_val[6]);
2140 
2141 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2142 		print_bits(cpuname, "features7", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS2,
2143 		    ci->ci_feat_val[7]);
2144 
2145 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave features", XCR0_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[8]);
2146 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave instructions", CPUID_PES1_FLAGS,
2147 	    ci->ci_feat_val[9]);
2148 
2149 	if (ci->ci_max_xsave != 0) {
2150 		aprint_normal("%s: xsave area size: current %d, maximum %d",
2151 		    cpuname, ci->ci_cur_xsave, ci->ci_max_xsave);
2152 		aprint_normal(", xgetbv %sabled\n",
2153 		    ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE ? "en" : "dis");
2154 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE)
2155 			print_bits(cpuname, "enabled xsave", XCR0_FLAGS1,
2156 			    x86_xgetbv());
2157 	}
2158 
2159 	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(ci);
2160 
2161 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 3 && (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN)) {
2162 		aprint_verbose("%s: serial number %04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X\n",
2163 		    cpuname,
2164 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] % 65536,
2165 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] % 65536,
2166 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] % 65536);
2167 	}
2168 
2169 	if (ci->ci_cpu_class == CPUCLASS_386)
2170 		errx(1, "NetBSD requires an 80486 or later processor");
2171 
2172 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type == CPU_486DLC) {
2173 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_WORKS
2174 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE UNCHANGED.\n");
2175 #else
2176 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_REALLY_WORKS
2177 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED IN HOLD-FLUSH MODE.\n");
2178 #else
2179 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED.\n");
2180 #endif
2181 #endif
2182 	}
2183 
2184 	/*
2185 	 * Everything past this point requires a Pentium or later.
2186 	 */
2187 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0)
2188 		return;
2189 
2190 	identifycpu_cpuids(ci);
2191 
2192 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 5)
2193 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2194 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2195 		uint16_t lmin, lmax;
2196 		x86_cpuid(5, descs);
2197 
2198 		print_bits(cpuname, "MONITOR/MWAIT extensions",
2199 		    CPUID_MON_FLAGS, descs[2]);
2200 		lmin = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_MON_MINSIZE);
2201 		lmax = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_MON_MAXSIZE);
2202 		aprint_normal("%s: monitor-line size %hu", cpuname, lmin);
2203 		if (lmin != lmax)
2204 			aprint_normal("-%hu", lmax);
2205 		aprint_normal("\n");
2206 
2207 		for (i = 0; i <= 7; i++) {
2208 			unsigned int num = CPUID_MON_SUBSTATE(descs[3], i);
2209 
2210 			if (num != 0)
2211 				aprint_normal("%s: C%u substates %u\n",
2212 				    cpuname, i, num);
2213 		}
2214 	}
2215 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 6)
2216 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2217 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2218 		x86_cpuid(6, descs);
2219 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-eax", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2220 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-ecx", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS1, descs[2]);
2221 	}
2222 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 7)
2223 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2224 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2225 		unsigned int maxsubleaf;
2226 
2227 		x86_cpuid(7, descs);
2228 		maxsubleaf = descs[0];
2229 		aprint_verbose("%s: SEF highest subleaf %08x\n",
2230 		    cpuname, maxsubleaf);
2231 		if (maxsubleaf >= 1) {
2232 			x86_cpuid2(7, 1, descs);
2233 			print_bits(cpuname, "SEF-subleaf1-eax",
2234 			    CPUID_SEF1_FLAGS_A, descs[0]);
2235 			print_bits(cpuname, "SEF-subleaf1-ebx",
2236 			    CPUID_SEF1_FLAGS_B, descs[1]);
2237 			print_bits(cpuname, "SEF-subleaf1-edx",
2238 			    CPUID_SEF1_FLAGS_D, descs[3]);
2239 		}
2240 		if (maxsubleaf >= 2) {
2241 			x86_cpuid2(7, 2, descs);
2242 			print_bits(cpuname, "SEF-subleaf2-edx",
2243 			    CPUID_SEF2_FLAGS_D, descs[3]);
2244 		}
2245 	}
2246 
2247 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)) {
2248 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000007)
2249 			powernow_probe(ci);
2250 
2251 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000008) {
2252 			x86_cpuid(0x80000008, descs);
2253 			print_bits(cpuname, "AMD Extended features",
2254 			    CPUID_CAPEX_FLAGS, descs[1]);
2255 		}
2256 	}
2257 
2258 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2259 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000021) {
2260 			x86_cpuid(0x80000021, descs);
2261 			print_bits(cpuname, "AMD Extended features2",
2262 			    CPUID_AMDEXT2_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2263 		}
2264 
2265 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000007) {
2266 			x86_cpuid(0x80000007, descs);
2267 			print_bits(cpuname, "RAS features",
2268 			    CPUID_RAS_FLAGS, descs[1]);
2269 		}
2270 		if ((ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000000a)
2271 		    && (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_SVM) != 0) {
2272 			x86_cpuid(0x8000000a, descs);
2273 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM Rev. %d\n", cpuname,
2274 			    descs[0] & 0xf);
2275 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM NASID %d\n", cpuname,
2276 			    descs[1]);
2277 			print_bits(cpuname, "SVM features",
2278 			    CPUID_AMD_SVM_FLAGS, descs[3]);
2279 		}
2280 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000001b) {
2281 			x86_cpuid(0x8000001b, descs);
2282 			print_bits(cpuname, "IBS features",
2283 			    CPUID_IBS_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2284 		}
2285 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000001f) {
2286 			x86_cpuid(0x8000001f, descs);
2287 			print_bits(cpuname, "Encrypted Memory features",
2288 			    CPUID_AMD_ENCMEM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2289 		}
2290 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000022) {
2291 			uint8_t ncore, nnb, numc, nlbrs;
2292 
2293 			x86_cpuid(0x80000022, descs);
2294 			print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon:",
2295 			    CPUID_AXPERF_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2296 
2297 			ncore = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_AXPERF_NCPC);
2298 			nnb = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_AXPERF_NNBPC);
2299 			numc = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_AXPERF_NUMCPC);
2300 			nlbrs = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_AXPERF_NLBRSTACK);
2301 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: counters: "
2302 			    "Core %hhu, Northbridge %hhu, UMC %hhu\n", cpuname,
2303 			    ncore, nnb, numc);
2304 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: LBR Stack %hhu entries\n",
2305 			    cpuname, nlbrs);
2306 		}
2307 	} else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2308 		if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x0a) {
2309 			unsigned int pmcver, ncounter, veclen;
2310 
2311 			x86_cpuid(0x0a, descs);
2312 			pmcver = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_VERSION);
2313 			ncounter = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_NGPPC);
2314 			veclen = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_BVECLEN);
2315 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: Ver. %u",
2316 			    cpuname, pmcver);
2317 			if (((pmcver >= 3) && (pmcver <= 4)) ||
2318 			    ((pmcver >= 5) &&
2319 				(descs[3] & CPUID_PERF_ANYTHREADDEPR) == 0))
2320 				aprint_verbose(" <ANYTHREAD>\n");
2321 			else
2322 				aprint_verbose("\n");
2323 
2324 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: General: "
2325 			    "bitwidth %u, %u counters\n", cpuname,
2326 			    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_NBWGPPC),
2327 			    ncounter);
2328 			/* Invert logic for the output */
2329 			descs[1] ^= __BITS(veclen - 1, 0);
2330 			/*
2331 			 * Mask unrelated bits. An hypervisor reduces the
2332 			 * vector and set bit(s) out of the vector.
2333 			 */
2334 			descs[1] &= __BITS(veclen - 1, 0);
2335 			print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon: General: avail",
2336 			    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS1, descs[1]);
2337 
2338 			if (pmcver >= 2) {
2339 				ncounter = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3],
2340 				    CPUID_PERF_NFFPC);
2341 				aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: Fixed: "
2342 				    "bitwidth %u, %u counters\n", cpuname,
2343 				    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[3],
2344 					CPUID_PERF_NBWFFPC),
2345 				    ncounter);
2346 				if (pmcver <= 4)
2347 					descs[2] = __BITS(ncounter - 1, 0);
2348 				print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon: Fixed: avail",
2349 				    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS2, descs[2]);
2350 			}
2351 		}
2352 		if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x1a) {
2353 			x86_cpuid(0x1a, descs);
2354 			if (descs[0] != 0) {
2355 				aprint_verbose("%s: Hybrid: Core type %02x, "
2356 				    "Native Model ID %07x\n",
2357 				    cpuname,
2358 				    (uint8_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0],
2359 					CPUID_HYBRID_CORETYPE),
2360 				    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0],
2361 					CPUID_HYBRID_NATIVEID));
2362 			}
2363 		}
2364 	}
2365 
2366 #ifdef INTEL_ONDEMAND_CLOCKMOD
2367 	clockmod_init();
2368 #endif
2369 
2370 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2371 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2372 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2373 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2374 	else
2375 		return;
2376 
2377 	ucode.data = &ucvers;
2378 	if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &ucode) < 0) {
2379 #ifdef __i386__
2380 		struct cpu_ucode_version_64 ucode_64;
2381 		if (errno != ENOTTY)
2382 			return;
2383 		/* Try the 64 bit ioctl */
2384 		memset(&ucode_64, 0, sizeof ucode_64);
2385 		ucode_64.data = &ucvers;
2386 		ucode_64.loader_version = ucode.loader_version;
2387 		if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION_64, &ucode_64) < 0)
2388 			return;
2389 #else
2390 		return;
2391 #endif
2392 	}
2393 
2394 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2395 		printf("%s: UCode version: 0x%"PRIx64"\n", cpuname, ucvers.amd.version);
2396 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2397 		printf("%s: microcode version 0x%x, platform ID %d\n", cpuname,
2398 		    ucvers.intel1.ucodeversion, ucvers.intel1.platformid);
2399 }
2400 
2401 static const char *
2402 print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2403     const char *sep)
2404 {
2405 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2406 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2407 
2408 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2409 		return sep;
2410 
2411 	if (sep == NULL)
2412 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2413 	else
2414 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2415 	if (name != NULL)
2416 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2417 
2418 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2419 		aprint_verbose("%s ", cai->cai_string);
2420 	} else {
2421 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2422 		    cai->cai_totalsize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2423 		aprint_verbose("%s %dB/line ", human_num, cai->cai_linesize);
2424 	}
2425 	switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2426 	case	0:
2427 		aprint_verbose("disabled");
2428 		break;
2429 	case	1:
2430 		aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2431 		break;
2432 	case 0xff:
2433 		aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2434 		break;
2435 	default:
2436 		aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2437 		break;
2438 	}
2439 	return ", ";
2440 }
2441 
2442 static const char *
2443 print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2444     const char *sep)
2445 {
2446 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2447 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2448 
2449 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2450 		return sep;
2451 
2452 	if (sep == NULL)
2453 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2454 	else
2455 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2456 	if ((name != NULL) && (sep == NULL))
2457 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2458 
2459 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2460 		aprint_verbose("%s", cai->cai_string);
2461 	} else {
2462 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2463 		    cai->cai_linesize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2464 		aprint_verbose("%d %s entries ", cai->cai_totalsize,
2465 		    human_num);
2466 		switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2467 		case 0:
2468 			aprint_verbose("disabled");
2469 			break;
2470 		case 1:
2471 			aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2472 			break;
2473 		case 0xff:
2474 			aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2475 			break;
2476 		default:
2477 			aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2478 			break;
2479 		}
2480 	}
2481 	return ", ";
2482 }
2483 
2484 static void
2485 x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
2486 {
2487 	const char *sep = NULL;
2488 
2489 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE].cai_totalsize != 0 ||
2490 	    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2491 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_ICACHE, "I-cache:", NULL);
2492 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_DCACHE, "D-cache:", sep);
2493 		if (sep != NULL)
2494 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2495 	}
2496 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2497 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L2CACHE, "L2 cache:", NULL);
2498 		if (sep != NULL)
2499 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2500 	}
2501 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2502 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L3CACHE, "L3 cache:", NULL);
2503 		if (sep != NULL)
2504 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2505 	}
2506 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize != 0) {
2507 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%dB prefetching",
2508 		    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize);
2509 		if (sep != NULL)
2510 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2511 	}
2512 
2513 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB, "ITLB:", NULL);
2514 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB2, "ITLB:", sep);
2515 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBITLB, "ITLB:", sep);
2516 	if (sep != NULL)
2517 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2518 
2519 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB, "DTLB:", NULL);
2520 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB2, "DTLB:", sep);
2521 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBDTLB, "DTLB:", sep);
2522 	if (sep != NULL)
2523 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2524 
2525 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_LD_TLB, "Load only TLB:", NULL);
2526 	if (sep != NULL)
2527 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2528 
2529 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_ST_TLB, "Store only TLB:", NULL);
2530 	if (sep != NULL)
2531 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2532 
2533 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB, "L2 ITLB:", NULL);
2534 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB2, "L2 ITLB:", sep);
2535 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBITLB, "L2 ITLB:", sep);
2536 	if (sep != NULL)
2537 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2538 
2539 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB, "L2 DTLB:", NULL);
2540 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB2, "L2 DTLB:", sep);
2541 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBDTLB, "L2 DTLB:", sep);
2542 	if (sep != NULL)
2543 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2544 
2545 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB, "L2 STLB:", NULL);
2546 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB2, "L2 STLB:", sep);
2547 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB3, "L2 STLB:", sep);
2548 	if (sep != NULL)
2549 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2550 }
2551 
2552 static void
2553 powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
2554 {
2555 	uint32_t regs[4];
2556 	char buf[256];
2557 
2558 	x86_cpuid(0x80000007, regs);
2559 
2560 	snprintb(buf, sizeof(buf), CPUID_APM_FLAGS, regs[3]);
2561 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Power Management features: %s\n", buf);
2562 }
2563 
2564 bool
2565 identifycpu_bind(void)
2566 {
2567 
2568 	return true;
2569 }
2570 
2571 int
2572 ucodeupdate_check(int fd, struct cpu_ucode *uc)
2573 {
2574 	struct cpu_info ci;
2575 	int loader_version, res;
2576 	struct cpu_ucode_version versreq;
2577 
2578 	cpu_probe_base_features(&ci, "unknown");
2579 
2580 	if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "AuthenticAMD"))
2581 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2582 	else if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "GenuineIntel"))
2583 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2584 	else
2585 		return -1;
2586 
2587 	/* check whether the kernel understands this loader version */
2588 	versreq.loader_version = loader_version;
2589 	versreq.data = 0;
2590 	res = ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &versreq);
2591 	if (res)
2592 		return -1;
2593 
2594 	switch (loader_version) {
2595 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD:
2596 	        if (uc->cpu_nr != -1) {
2597 	                warnx("ucode updates on AMD can only be done on all CPUs at once");
2598 			return -1;
2599 		}
2600 		uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS;
2601 		break;
2602 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1:
2603 		if (uc->cpu_nr == -1)
2604 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS; /* for Xen */
2605 		else
2606 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_CURRENT_CPU;
2607 		break;
2608 	default: /* can't happen */
2609 		return -1;
2610 	}
2611 	uc->loader_version = loader_version;
2612 	return 0;
2613 }
2614