xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/cpuctl/arch/i386.c (revision aef5eb5f59cdfe8314f1b5f78ac04eb144e44010)
1 /*	$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.128 2022/06/15 16:28:01 msaitoh Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Frank van der Linden,  and by Jason R. Thorpe.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*-
33  * Copyright (c)2008 YAMAMOTO Takashi,
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  *
45  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
46  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
47  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
48  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
49  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
51  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
52  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
53  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
54  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
55  * SUCH DAMAGE.
56  */
57 
58 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
59 #ifndef lint
60 __RCSID("$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.128 2022/06/15 16:28:01 msaitoh Exp $");
61 #endif /* not lint */
62 
63 #include <sys/types.h>
64 #include <sys/param.h>
65 #include <sys/bitops.h>
66 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
67 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
68 #include <sys/cpuio.h>
69 
70 #include <errno.h>
71 #include <string.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <err.h>
75 #include <assert.h>
76 #include <math.h>
77 #include <util.h>
78 
79 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
80 #include <machine/cpu.h>
81 
82 #include <x86/cpuvar.h>
83 #include <x86/cputypes.h>
84 #include <x86/cpu_ucode.h>
85 
86 #include "../cpuctl.h"
87 #include "cpuctl_i386.h"
88 
89 /* Size of buffer for printing humanized numbers */
90 #define HUMAN_BUFSIZE sizeof("999KB")
91 
92 struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass {
93 	int cpu_vendor;
94 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
95 	const char *cpu_name;
96 	int cpu_class;
97 	void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
98 	void (*cpu_cacheinfo)(struct cpu_info *);
99 	void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
100 };
101 
102 struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass {
103 	const char *cpu_id;
104 	int cpu_vendor;
105 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
106 	struct cpu_cpuid_family {
107 		int cpu_class;
108 		const char *cpu_models[256];
109 		const char *cpu_model_default;
110 		void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
111 		void (*cpu_probe)(struct cpu_info *);
112 		void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
113 	} cpu_family[CPU_MAXFAMILY - CPU_MINFAMILY + 1];
114 };
115 
116 static const struct x86_cache_info intel_cpuid_cache_info[] = INTEL_CACHE_INFO;
117 
118 /*
119  * Map Brand ID from cpuid instruction to brand name.
120  * Source: Table 3-24, Mapping of Brand Indices; and Intel 64 and IA-32
121  * Processor Brand Strings, Chapter 3 in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32
122  * Architectures Software Developer's Manual, Volume 2A".
123  */
124 static const char * const i386_intel_brand[] = {
125 	"",		    /* Unsupported */
126 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
127 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
128 	"Pentium III Xeon", /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III Xeon (TM) processor */
129 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
130 	"",		    /* 0x05: Reserved */
131 	"Mobile Pentium III",/* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor-M */
132 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
133 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
134 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
135 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
136 	"Xeon",		    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor */
137 	"Xeon MP",	    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor MP */
138 	"",		    /* 0x0d: Reserved */
139 	"Mobile Pentium 4", /* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor-M */
140 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
141 	"",		    /* 0x10: Reserved */
142 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Moblie Genuine Intel (R) processor */
143 	"Celeron M",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) M processor */
144 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
145 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
146 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Moblie Genuine Intel (R) processor */
147 	"Pentium M",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) M processor */
148 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
149 };
150 
151 /*
152  * AMD processors don't have Brand IDs, so we need these names for probe.
153  */
154 static const char * const amd_brand[] = {
155 	"",
156 	"Duron",	/* AMD Duron(tm) */
157 	"MP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) MP */
158 	"XP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) XP */
159 	"4"		/* AMD Athlon(tm) 4 */
160 };
161 
162 int cpu_vendor;
163 static char cpu_brand_string[49];
164 static char amd_brand_name[48];
165 static int use_pae, largepagesize;
166 
167 /* Setup functions */
168 static void	disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *);
169 static void	amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *);
170 static void	cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
171 static void	winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
172 /* Brand/Model name functions */
173 static const char *intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *);
174 static const char *amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *);
175 /* Probe functions */
176 static void	amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *);
177 static void	powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *);
178 static void	intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *);
179 static void	via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *);
180 /* (Cache) Info functions */
181 static void	intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
182 static void	amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
183 static void	via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
184 static void	tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *, u_int *, u_int *);
185 static void	transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *);
186 /* Common functions */
187 static void	cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
188 static void	cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
189 static void	cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *);
190 static void	print_bits(const char *, const char *, const char *, uint32_t);
191 static void	identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *);
192 static const char *print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
193     const char *);
194 static const char *print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
195     const char *);
196 static void	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *);
197 
198 /*
199  * Note: these are just the ones that may not have a cpuid instruction.
200  * We deal with the rest in a different way.
201  */
202 const struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass i386_nocpuid_cpus[] = {
203 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386SX",	CPUCLASS_386,
204 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386SX */
205 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386DX",	CPUCLASS_386,
206 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386   */
207 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486SX",	CPUCLASS_486,
208 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486SX */
209 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486DX",	CPUCLASS_486,
210 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486   */
211 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "486DLC",	CPUCLASS_486,
212 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486DLC */
213 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "6x86",	CPUCLASS_486,
214 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },		/* CPU_6x86 */
215 	{ CPUVENDOR_NEXGEN,"NexGen","586",	CPUCLASS_386,
216 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_NX586 */
217 };
218 
219 const char *classnames[] = {
220 	"386",
221 	"486",
222 	"586",
223 	"686"
224 };
225 
226 const char *modifiers[] = {
227 	"",
228 	"OverDrive",
229 	"Dual",
230 	""
231 };
232 
233 const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass i386_cpuid_cpus[] = {
234 	{
235 		/*
236 		 * For Intel processors, check Chapter 35Model-specific
237 		 * registers (MSRS), in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures
238 		 * Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3C".
239 		 */
240 		"GenuineIntel",
241 		CPUVENDOR_INTEL,
242 		"Intel",
243 		/* Family 4 */
244 		{ {
245 			CPUCLASS_486,
246 			{
247 				"486DX", "486DX", "486SX", "486DX2", "486SL",
248 				"486SX2", 0, "486DX2 W/B Enhanced",
249 				"486DX4", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
250 			},
251 			"486",		/* Default */
252 			NULL,
253 			NULL,
254 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
255 		},
256 		/* Family 5 */
257 		{
258 			CPUCLASS_586,
259 			{
260 				"Pentium (P5 A-step)", "Pentium (P5)",
261 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium (P24T)",
262 				"Pentium/MMX", "Pentium", 0,
263 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium/MMX (Tillamook)",
264 				"Quark X1000", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
265 			},
266 			"Pentium",	/* Default */
267 			NULL,
268 			NULL,
269 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
270 		},
271 		/* Family 6 */
272 		{
273 			CPUCLASS_686,
274 			{
275 				[0x00] = "Pentium Pro (A-step)",
276 				[0x01] = "Pentium Pro",
277 				[0x03] = "Pentium II (Klamath)",
278 				[0x04] = "Pentium Pro",
279 				[0x05] = "Pentium II/Celeron (Deschutes)",
280 				[0x06] = "Celeron (Mendocino)",
281 				[0x07] = "Pentium III (Katmai)",
282 				[0x08] = "Pentium III (Coppermine)",
283 				[0x09] = "Pentium M (Banias)",
284 				[0x0a] = "Pentium III Xeon (Cascades)",
285 				[0x0b] = "Pentium III (Tualatin)",
286 				[0x0d] = "Pentium M (Dothan)",
287 				[0x0e] = "Pentium Core Duo, Core solo",
288 				[0x0f] = "Xeon 30xx, 32xx, 51xx, 53xx, 73xx, "
289 					 "Core 2 Quad 6xxx, "
290 					 "Core 2 Extreme 6xxx, "
291 					 "Core 2 Duo 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx "
292 					 "and Pentium DC",
293 				[0x15] = "EP80579 Integrated Processor",
294 				[0x16] = "Celeron (45nm)",
295 				[0x17] = "Xeon 31xx, 33xx, 52xx, 54xx, "
296 					 "Core 2 Quad 8xxx and 9xxx",
297 				[0x1a] = "Core i7, Xeon 34xx, 35xx and 55xx "
298 					 "(Nehalem)",
299 				[0x1c] = "45nm Atom Family",
300 				[0x1d] = "XeonMP 74xx (Nehalem)",
301 				[0x1e] = "Core i7 and i5",
302 				[0x1f] = "Core i7 and i5",
303 				[0x25] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
304 				[0x26] = "Atom Family",
305 				[0x27] = "Atom Family",
306 				[0x2a] = "Xeon E3-12xx, 2nd gen i7, i5, "
307 					 "i3 2xxx",
308 				[0x2c] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
309 				[0x2d] = "Xeon E5 Sandy Bridge family, "
310 					 "Core i7-39xx Extreme",
311 				[0x2e] = "Xeon 75xx & 65xx",
312 				[0x2f] = "Xeon E7 family",
313 				[0x35] = "Atom Family",
314 				[0x36] = "Atom S1000",
315 				[0x37] = "Atom E3000, Z3[67]00",
316 				[0x3a] = "Xeon E3-1200v2 and 3rd gen core, "
317 					 "Ivy Bridge",
318 				[0x3c] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
319 					 "(Haswell)",
320 				[0x3d] = "Core M-5xxx, 5th gen Core (Broadwell)",
321 				[0x3e] = "Xeon E5/E7 v2 (Ivy Bridge-E), "
322 					 "Core i7-49xx Extreme",
323 				[0x3f] = "Xeon E5-4600/2600/1600 v3, Xeon E7 v3 (Haswell-E), "
324 					 "Core i7-59xx Extreme",
325 				[0x45] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
326 					 "(Haswell)",
327 				[0x46] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
328 					 "(Haswell)",
329 				[0x47] = "5th gen Core, Xeon E3-1200 v4 (Broadwell)",
330 				[0x4a] = "Atom Z3400",
331 				[0x4c] = "Atom X[57]-Z8000 (Airmont)",
332 				[0x4d] = "Atom C2000",
333 				[0x4e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
334 				[0x4f] = "Xeon E[57] v4 (Broadwell), Core i7-69xx Extreme",
335 				[0x55] = "Xeon Scalable (Skylake, Cascade Lake, Copper Lake)",
336 				[0x56] = "Xeon D-1500 (Broadwell)",
337 				[0x57] = "Xeon Phi [357]200 (Knights Landing)",
338 				[0x5a] = "Atom E3500",
339 				[0x5c] = "Atom (Goldmont)",
340 				[0x5d] = "Atom X3-C3000 (Silvermont)",
341 				[0x5e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
342 				[0x5f] = "Atom (Goldmont, Denverton)",
343 				[0x66] = "8th gen Core i3 (Cannon Lake)",
344 				[0x6a] = "3rd gen Xeon Scalable (Ice Lake)",
345 				[0x6c] = "3rd gen Xeon Scalable (Ice Lake)",
346 				[0x7a] = "Atom (Goldmont Plus)",
347 				[0x7d] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
348 				[0x7e] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
349 				[0x85] = "Xeon Phi 7215, 7285, 7295 (Knights Mill)",
350 				[0x86] = "Atom (Tremont)",
351 				[0x8c] = "11th gen Core (Tiger Lake)",
352 				[0x8d] = "11th gen Core (Tiger Lake)",
353 				[0x8e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
354 				[0x8f] = "future Xeon (Sapphire Rapids)",
355 				[0x96] = "Atom x6000E (Elkhart Lake)",
356 				[0x97] = "12th gen Core (Alder Lake)",
357 				[0x9a] = "12th gen Core (Alder Lake)",
358 				[0x9c] = "Pentium Silver N6xxx, Celeron N45xx, Celeron N51xx (Jasper Lake)",
359 				[0x9e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
360 				[0xa5] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
361 				[0xa6] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
362 				[0xa7] = "11th gen Core (Rocket Lake)",
363 				[0xa8] = "11th gen Core (Rocket Lake)",
364 				[0xbf] = "12th gen Core (Alder Lake)",
365 			},
366 			"Pentium Pro, II or III",	/* Default */
367 			NULL,
368 			intel_family_new_probe,
369 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
370 		},
371 		/* Family > 6 */
372 		{
373 			CPUCLASS_686,
374 			{
375 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
376 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
377 			},
378 			"Pentium 4",	/* Default */
379 			NULL,
380 			intel_family_new_probe,
381 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
382 		} }
383 	},
384 	{
385 		"AuthenticAMD",
386 		CPUVENDOR_AMD,
387 		"AMD",
388 		/* Family 4 */
389 		{ {
390 			CPUCLASS_486,
391 			{
392 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/T",
393 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/B",
394 				"Am486DX4 W/T or Am5x86 W/T 150",
395 				"Am486DX4 W/B or Am5x86 W/B 150", 0, 0,
396 				0, 0, "Am5x86 W/T 133/160",
397 				"Am5x86 W/B 133/160",
398 			},
399 			"Am486 or Am5x86",	/* Default */
400 			NULL,
401 			NULL,
402 			NULL,
403 		},
404 		/* Family 5 */
405 		{
406 			CPUCLASS_586,
407 			{
408 				"K5", "K5", "K5", "K5", 0, 0, "K6",
409 				"K6", "K6-2", "K6-III", "Geode LX", 0, 0,
410 				"K6-2+/III+", 0, 0,
411 			},
412 			"K5 or K6",		/* Default */
413 			amd_family5_setup,
414 			NULL,
415 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
416 		},
417 		/* Family 6 */
418 		{
419 			CPUCLASS_686,
420 			{
421 				0, "Athlon Model 1", "Athlon Model 2",
422 				"Duron", "Athlon Model 4 (Thunderbird)",
423 				0, "Athlon", "Duron", "Athlon", 0,
424 				"Athlon", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
425 			},
426 			"K7 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
427 			NULL,
428 			amd_family6_probe,
429 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
430 		},
431 		/* Family > 6 */
432 		{
433 			CPUCLASS_686,
434 			{
435 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
436 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
437 			},
438 			"Unknown K8 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
439 			NULL,
440 			amd_family6_probe,
441 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
442 		} }
443 	},
444 	{
445 		"CyrixInstead",
446 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX,
447 		"Cyrix",
448 		/* Family 4 */
449 		{ {
450 			CPUCLASS_486,
451 			{
452 				0, 0, 0,
453 				"MediaGX",
454 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
455 			},
456 			"486",		/* Default */
457 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup, /* XXX ?? */
458 			NULL,
459 			NULL,
460 		},
461 		/* Family 5 */
462 		{
463 			CPUCLASS_586,
464 			{
465 				0, 0, "6x86", 0,
466 				"MMX-enhanced MediaGX (GXm)", /* or Geode? */
467 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
468 			},
469 			"6x86",		/* Default */
470 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
471 			NULL,
472 			NULL,
473 		},
474 		/* Family 6 */
475 		{
476 			CPUCLASS_686,
477 			{
478 				"6x86MX", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
479 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
480 			},
481 			"6x86MX",		/* Default */
482 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
483 			NULL,
484 			NULL,
485 		},
486 		/* Family > 6 */
487 		{
488 			CPUCLASS_686,
489 			{
490 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
491 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
492 			},
493 			"Unknown 6x86MX",		/* Default */
494 			NULL,
495 			NULL,
496 			NULL,
497 		} }
498 	},
499 	{	/* MediaGX is now owned by National Semiconductor */
500 		"Geode by NSC",
501 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, /* XXX */
502 		"National Semiconductor",
503 		/* Family 4, NSC never had any of these */
504 		{ {
505 			CPUCLASS_486,
506 			{
507 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
508 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
509 			},
510 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
511 			NULL,
512 			NULL,
513 			NULL,
514 		},
515 		/* Family 5: Geode family, formerly MediaGX */
516 		{
517 			CPUCLASS_586,
518 			{
519 				0, 0, 0, 0,
520 				"Geode GX1",
521 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
522 			},
523 			"Geode",		/* Default */
524 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
525 			NULL,
526 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
527 		},
528 		/* Family 6, not yet available from NSC */
529 		{
530 			CPUCLASS_686,
531 			{
532 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
533 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
534 			},
535 			"Pentium Pro compatible", /* Default */
536 			NULL,
537 			NULL,
538 			NULL,
539 		},
540 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from NSC */
541 		{
542 			CPUCLASS_686,
543 			{
544 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
545 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
546 			},
547 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
548 			NULL,
549 			NULL,
550 			NULL,
551 		} }
552 	},
553 	{
554 		"CentaurHauls",
555 		CPUVENDOR_IDT,
556 		"IDT",
557 		/* Family 4, IDT never had any of these */
558 		{ {
559 			CPUCLASS_486,
560 			{
561 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
562 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
563 			},
564 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
565 			NULL,
566 			NULL,
567 			NULL,
568 		},
569 		/* Family 5 */
570 		{
571 			CPUCLASS_586,
572 			{
573 				0, 0, 0, 0, "WinChip C6", 0, 0, 0,
574 				"WinChip 2", "WinChip 3", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
575 			},
576 			"WinChip",		/* Default */
577 			winchip_cpu_setup,
578 			NULL,
579 			NULL,
580 		},
581 		/* Family 6, VIA acquired IDT Centaur design subsidiary */
582 		{
583 			CPUCLASS_686,
584 			{
585 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "C3 Samuel",
586 				"C3 Samuel 2/Ezra", "C3 Ezra-T",
587 				"C3 Nehemiah", "C7 Esther", 0, 0, "C7 Esther",
588 				0, "VIA Nano",
589 			},
590 			"Unknown VIA/IDT",	/* Default */
591 			NULL,
592 			via_cpu_probe,
593 			via_cpu_cacheinfo,
594 		},
595 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from VIA */
596 		{
597 			CPUCLASS_686,
598 			{
599 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
600 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
601 			},
602 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
603 			NULL,
604 			NULL,
605 			NULL,
606 		} }
607 	},
608 	{
609 		"GenuineTMx86",
610 		CPUVENDOR_TRANSMETA,
611 		"Transmeta",
612 		/* Family 4, Transmeta never had any of these */
613 		{ {
614 			CPUCLASS_486,
615 			{
616 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
617 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
618 			},
619 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
620 			NULL,
621 			NULL,
622 			NULL,
623 		},
624 		/* Family 5 */
625 		{
626 			CPUCLASS_586,
627 			{
628 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
629 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
630 			},
631 			"Crusoe",		/* Default */
632 			NULL,
633 			NULL,
634 			transmeta_cpu_info,
635 		},
636 		/* Family 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
637 		{
638 			CPUCLASS_686,
639 			{
640 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
641 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
642 			},
643 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
644 			NULL,
645 			NULL,
646 			NULL,
647 		},
648 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
649 		{
650 			CPUCLASS_686,
651 			{
652 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
653 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
654 			},
655 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
656 			NULL,
657 			NULL,
658 			NULL,
659 		} }
660 	}
661 };
662 
663 /*
664  * disable the TSC such that we don't use the TSC in microtime(9)
665  * because some CPUs got the implementation wrong.
666  */
667 static void
668 disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *ci)
669 {
670 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_TSC) {
671 		ci->ci_feat_val[0] &= ~CPUID_TSC;
672 		aprint_error("WARNING: broken TSC disabled\n");
673 	}
674 }
675 
676 static void
677 amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
678 {
679 
680 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
681 	case 0:		/* AMD-K5 Model 0 */
682 		/*
683 		 * According to the AMD Processor Recognition App Note,
684 		 * the AMD-K5 Model 0 uses the wrong bit to indicate
685 		 * support for global PTEs, instead using bit 9 (APIC)
686 		 * rather than bit 13 (i.e. "0x200" vs. 0x2000".  Oops!).
687 		 */
688 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_APIC)
689 			ci->ci_feat_val[0] =
690 			    (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & ~CPUID_APIC) | CPUID_PGE;
691 		/*
692 		 * XXX But pmap_pg_g is already initialized -- need to kick
693 		 * XXX the pmap somehow.  How does the MP branch do this?
694 		 */
695 		break;
696 	}
697 }
698 
699 static void
700 cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
701 {
702 
703 	/*
704 	 * Do not disable the TSC on the Geode GX, it's reported to
705 	 * work fine.
706 	 */
707 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0x552)
708 		disable_tsc(ci);
709 }
710 
711 static void
712 winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
713 {
714 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
715 	case 4:	/* WinChip C6 */
716 		disable_tsc(ci);
717 	}
718 }
719 
720 
721 static const char *
722 intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
723 {
724 	const char *ret = NULL;
725 	u_int l2cache = ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize;
726 
727 	if (ci->ci_model == 5) {
728 		switch (l2cache) {
729 		case 0:
730 		case 128 * 1024:
731 			ret = "Celeron (Covington)";
732 			break;
733 		case 256 * 1024:
734 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II (Dixon)";
735 			break;
736 		case 512 * 1024:
737 			ret = "Pentium II";
738 			break;
739 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
740 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
741 			ret = "Pentium II Xeon";
742 			break;
743 		}
744 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 6) {
745 		switch (l2cache) {
746 		case 256 * 1024:
747 		case 512 * 1024:
748 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II";
749 			break;
750 		}
751 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 7) {
752 		switch (l2cache) {
753 		case 512 * 1024:
754 			ret = "Pentium III";
755 			break;
756 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
757 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
758 			ret = "Pentium III Xeon";
759 			break;
760 		}
761 	} else if (ci->ci_model >= 8) {
762 		if (ci->ci_brand_id && ci->ci_brand_id < 0x10) {
763 			switch (ci->ci_brand_id) {
764 			case 0x3:
765 				if (ci->ci_signature == 0x6B1)
766 					ret = "Celeron";
767 				break;
768 			case 0x8:
769 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
770 					ret = "genuine processor";
771 				break;
772 			case 0xB:
773 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
774 					ret = "Xeon MP";
775 				break;
776 			case 0xE:
777 				if (ci->ci_signature < 0xF13)
778 					ret = "Xeon";
779 				break;
780 			}
781 			if (ret == NULL)
782 				ret = i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
783 		}
784 	}
785 
786 	return ret;
787 }
788 
789 /*
790  * Identify AMD64 CPU names from cpuid.
791  *
792  * Based on:
793  * "Revision Guide for AMD Athlon 64 and AMD Opteron Processors"
794  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/25759.pdf
795  * "Revision Guide for AMD NPT Family 0Fh Processors"
796  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/33610.pdf
797  * and other miscellaneous reports.
798  *
799  * This is all rather pointless, these are cross 'brand' since the raw
800  * silicon is shared.
801  */
802 static const char *
803 amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
804 {
805 	static char family_str[32];
806 
807 	/* Only called if family >= 15 */
808 
809 	switch (ci->ci_family) {
810 	case 15:
811 		switch (ci->ci_model) {
812 		case 0x21:	/* rev JH-E1/E6 */
813 		case 0x41:	/* rev JH-F2 */
814 			return "Dual-Core Opteron";
815 		case 0x23:	/* rev JH-E6 (Toledo) */
816 			return "Dual-Core Opteron or Athlon 64 X2";
817 		case 0x43:	/* rev JH-F2 (Windsor) */
818 			return "Athlon 64 FX or Athlon 64 X2";
819 		case 0x24:	/* rev SH-E5 (Lancaster?) */
820 			return "Mobile Athlon 64 or Turion 64";
821 		case 0x05:	/* rev SH-B0/B3/C0/CG (SledgeHammer?) */
822 			return "Opteron or Athlon 64 FX";
823 		case 0x15:	/* rev SH-D0 */
824 		case 0x25:	/* rev SH-E4 */
825 			return "Opteron";
826 		case 0x27:	/* rev DH-E4, SH-E4 */
827 			return "Athlon 64 or Athlon 64 FX or Opteron";
828 		case 0x48:	/* rev BH-F2 */
829 			return "Turion 64 X2";
830 		case 0x04:	/* rev SH-B0/C0/CG (ClawHammer) */
831 		case 0x07:	/* rev SH-CG (ClawHammer) */
832 		case 0x0b:	/* rev CH-CG */
833 		case 0x14:	/* rev SH-D0 */
834 		case 0x17:	/* rev SH-D0 */
835 		case 0x1b:	/* rev CH-D0 */
836 			return "Athlon 64";
837 		case 0x2b:	/* rev BH-E4 (Manchester) */
838 		case 0x4b:	/* rev BH-F2 (Windsor) */
839 			return "Athlon 64 X2";
840 		case 0x6b:	/* rev BH-G1 (Brisbane) */
841 			return "Athlon X2 or Athlon 64 X2";
842 		case 0x08:	/* rev CH-CG */
843 		case 0x0c:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle) */
844 		case 0x0e:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle?) */
845 		case 0x0f:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle/Paris) */
846 		case 0x18:	/* rev CH-D0 */
847 		case 0x1c:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester) */
848 		case 0x1f:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester/Victoria) */
849 		case 0x2c:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 */
850 		case 0x2f:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 (Venice/Palermo) */
851 		case 0x4f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
852 		case 0x5f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
853 		case 0x6f:	/* rev DH-G1 */
854 			return "Athlon 64 or Sempron";
855 		default:
856 			break;
857 		}
858 		return "Unknown AMD64 CPU";
859 
860 #if 0
861 	case 16:
862 		return "Family 10h";
863 	case 17:
864 		return "Family 11h";
865 	case 18:
866 		return "Family 12h";
867 	case 19:
868 		return "Family 14h";
869 	case 20:
870 		return "Family 15h";
871 #endif
872 
873 	default:
874 		break;
875 	}
876 
877 	snprintf(family_str, sizeof family_str, "Family %xh", ci->ci_family);
878 	return family_str;
879 }
880 
881 static void
882 intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
883 {
884 	uint32_t descs[4];
885 
886 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
887 
888 	/*
889 	 * Determine extended feature flags.
890 	 */
891 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
892 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
893 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
894 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] |= descs[2];
895 	}
896 }
897 
898 static void
899 via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
900 {
901 	u_int stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
902 	u_int descs[4];
903 	u_int lfunc;
904 
905 	/*
906 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
907 	 */
908 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
909 	lfunc = descs[0];
910 
911 	/*
912 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
913 	 */
914 	if (lfunc >= 0x80000001) {
915 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
916 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
917 	}
918 
919 	if (ci->ci_model < 0x9 || (ci->ci_model == 0x9 && stepping < 3))
920 		return;
921 
922 	/* Nehemiah or Esther */
923 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000000, descs);
924 	lfunc = descs[0];
925 	if (lfunc < 0xc0000001)	/* no ACE, no RNG */
926 		return;
927 
928 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000001, descs);
929 	lfunc = descs[3];
930 	ci->ci_feat_val[4] = lfunc;
931 }
932 
933 static void
934 amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
935 {
936 	uint32_t descs[4];
937 	char *p;
938 	size_t i;
939 
940 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
941 
942 	/*
943 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
944 	 */
945 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
946 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
947 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3]; /* %edx */
948 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] = descs[2]; /* %ecx */
949 	}
950 
951 	if (*cpu_brand_string == '\0')
952 		return;
953 
954 	for (i = 1; i < __arraycount(amd_brand); i++)
955 		if ((p = strstr(cpu_brand_string, amd_brand[i])) != NULL) {
956 			ci->ci_brand_id = i;
957 			strlcpy(amd_brand_name, p, sizeof(amd_brand_name));
958 			break;
959 		}
960 }
961 
962 static void
963 intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
964 {
965 	const struct x86_cache_info *cai;
966 	u_int descs[4];
967 	int iterations, i, j;
968 	int type, level, ways, linesize, sets;
969 	int caitype = -1;
970 	uint8_t desc;
971 
972 	/* Return if the cpu is old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
973 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0)
974 		return;
975 
976 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 2)
977 		return;
978 
979 	/*
980 	 * Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 2', if we have it.
981 	 * XXX This is kinda ugly, but hey, so is the architecture...
982 	 */
983 	x86_cpuid(2, descs);
984 	iterations = descs[0] & 0xff;
985 	while (iterations-- > 0) {
986 		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
987 			if (descs[i] & 0x80000000)
988 				continue;
989 			for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
990 				/*
991 				 * The least significant byte in EAX
992 				 * ((desc[0] >> 0) & 0xff) is always 0x01 and
993 				 * it should be ignored.
994 				 */
995 				if (i == 0 && j == 0)
996 					continue;
997 				desc = (descs[i] >> (j * 8)) & 0xff;
998 				if (desc == 0)
999 					continue;
1000 				cai = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(
1001 					intel_cpuid_cache_info, desc);
1002 				if (cai != NULL)
1003 					ci->ci_cinfo[cai->cai_index] = *cai;
1004 				else if ((verbose != 0) && (desc != 0xff)
1005 				    && (desc != 0xfe))
1006 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "error:"
1007 					    " Unknown cacheinfo desc %02x\n",
1008 					    desc);
1009 			}
1010 		}
1011 		x86_cpuid(2, descs);
1012 	}
1013 
1014 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 4)
1015 		return;
1016 
1017 	/* Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 4', if we have it. */
1018 	cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 4);
1019 
1020 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x18)
1021 		return;
1022 	/* Parse the TLB info from `cpuid leaf 18H', if we have it. */
1023 	x86_cpuid(0x18, descs);
1024 	iterations = descs[0];
1025 	for (i = 0; i <= iterations; i++) {
1026 		uint32_t pgsize;
1027 		bool full;
1028 
1029 		x86_cpuid2(0x18, i, descs);
1030 		type = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE);
1031 		if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_N)
1032 			continue;
1033 		level = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCLEVEL);
1034 		pgsize = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE);
1035 		switch (level) {
1036 		case 1:
1037 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I) {
1038 				switch (pgsize) {
1039 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1040 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1041 					break;
1042 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1043 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1044 					caitype = CAI_ITLB2;
1045 					break;
1046 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1047 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBITLB;
1048 					break;
1049 				default:
1050 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1051 					    "error: unknown ITLB size (%d)\n",
1052 					    pgsize);
1053 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1054 					break;
1055 				}
1056 			} else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D) {
1057 				switch (pgsize) {
1058 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1059 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1060 					break;
1061 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1062 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1063 					caitype = CAI_DTLB2;
1064 					break;
1065 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1066 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBDTLB;
1067 					break;
1068 				default:
1069 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1070 					    "error: unknown DTLB size (%d)\n",
1071 					    pgsize);
1072 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1073 					break;
1074 				}
1075 			} else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_L)
1076 				caitype = CAI_L1_LD_TLB;
1077 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_S)
1078 				caitype = CAI_L1_ST_TLB;
1079 			else
1080 				caitype = -1;
1081 			break;
1082 		case 2:
1083 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I)
1084 				caitype = CAI_L2_ITLB;
1085 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D)
1086 				caitype = CAI_L2_DTLB;
1087 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_U) {
1088 				if (pgsize == CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB)
1089 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB;
1090 				else if (pgsize == (CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB
1091 					| CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB))
1092 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB2;
1093 				else if (pgsize == (CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1094 					| CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB))
1095 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1096 				else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB)
1097 				    != 0) {
1098 					/* FIXME: 1GB max TLB */
1099 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1100 					linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
1101 				} else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB)
1102 				    != 0) {
1103 					/* FIXME: 4MB max TLB */
1104 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1105 					linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1106 				} else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB)
1107 				    != 0) {
1108 					/* FIXME: 2MB max TLB */
1109 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB2;
1110 					linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1111 				} else {
1112 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "error: "
1113 					    "unknown L2 STLB size (%d)\n",
1114 					    pgsize);
1115 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB;
1116 					linesize = 4 * 1024;
1117 				}
1118 			} else
1119 				caitype = -1;
1120 			break;
1121 		case 3:
1122 			/* XXX need work for L3 TLB */
1123 			caitype = CAI_L3CACHE;
1124 			break;
1125 		default:
1126 			caitype = -1;
1127 			break;
1128 		}
1129 		if (caitype == -1) {
1130 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1131 			    "error: unknown TLB level&type (%d & %d)\n",
1132 			    level, type);
1133 			continue;
1134 		}
1135 		switch (pgsize) {
1136 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1137 			linesize = 4 * 1024;
1138 			break;
1139 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB:
1140 			linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1141 			break;
1142 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1143 			linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1144 			break;
1145 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1146 			linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
1147 			break;
1148 		default:
1149 			if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB) != 0)
1150 				linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 1G */
1151 			else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB) != 0)
1152 				linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 4M */
1153 			else if ((pgsize & CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB) != 0)
1154 				linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024; /* MAX 2M */
1155 			else
1156 				linesize = 4 * 1024;	/* XXX default to 4K */
1157 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "WARNING: Currently "
1158 			    "this info can't print correctly "
1159 			    "(level = %d, pgsize = %d)\n",
1160 			    level, pgsize);
1161 			break;
1162 		}
1163 		ways = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_WAYS);
1164 		sets = descs[2];
1165 		full = descs[3] & CPUID_DATP_FULLASSOC;
1166 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_totalsize
1167 		    = ways * sets; /* entries */
1168 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_associativity
1169 		    = full ? 0xff : ways;
1170 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_linesize = linesize; /* pg size */
1171 	}
1172 }
1173 
1174 static const struct x86_cache_info amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info[] =
1175     AMD_L2L3CACHE_INFO;
1176 
1177 static void
1178 amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1179 {
1180 	const struct x86_cache_info *cp;
1181 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1182 	u_int descs[4];
1183 	u_int lfunc;
1184 
1185 	/* K5 model 0 has none of this info. */
1186 	if (ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model == 0)
1187 		return;
1188 
1189 	/* Determine the largest extended function value. */
1190 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1191 	lfunc = descs[0];
1192 
1193 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005)
1194 		return;
1195 
1196 	/* Determine L1 cache/TLB info. */
1197 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1198 
1199 	/* K6-III and higher have large page TLBs. */
1200 	if ((ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model >= 9) || ci->ci_family >= 6) {
1201 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB2];
1202 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1203 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1204 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1205 
1206 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB2];
1207 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1208 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1209 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1210 	}
1211 
1212 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1213 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1214 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1215 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1216 
1217 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1218 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1219 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1220 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1221 
1222 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1223 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1224 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1225 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_LS(descs[2]);
1226 
1227 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1228 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1229 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1230 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1231 
1232 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006)
1233 		return;
1234 
1235 	/* Determine L2 cache/TLB info. */
1236 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1237 
1238 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB];
1239 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1240 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1241 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1242 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1243 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1244 	if (cp != NULL)
1245 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1246 	else
1247 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1248 
1249 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB2];
1250 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1251 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1252 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1253 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1254 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1255 	if (cp != NULL)
1256 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1257 	else
1258 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1259 
1260 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB];
1261 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1262 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1263 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1264 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1265 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1266 	if (cp != NULL)
1267 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1268 	else
1269 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1270 
1271 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB2];
1272 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1273 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1274 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1275 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1276 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1277 	if (cp != NULL)
1278 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1279 	else
1280 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1281 
1282 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1283 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1284 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1285 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1286 
1287 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1288 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1289 	if (cp != NULL)
1290 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1291 	else
1292 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1293 
1294 	/* Determine L3 cache info on AMD Family 10h and newer processors */
1295 	if (ci->ci_family >= 0x10) {
1296 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE];
1297 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_SIZE(descs[3]);
1298 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L3_EDX_C_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1299 		cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_LS(descs[3]);
1300 
1301 		cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1302 		    cai->cai_associativity);
1303 		if (cp != NULL)
1304 			cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1305 		else
1306 			cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unkn/Rsvd */
1307 	}
1308 
1309 	if (lfunc < 0x80000019)
1310 		return;
1311 
1312 	/* Determine 1GB TLB info. */
1313 	x86_cpuid(0x80000019, descs);
1314 
1315 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBITLB];
1316 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1317 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1318 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1319 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1320 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1321 	if (cp != NULL)
1322 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1323 	else
1324 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1325 
1326 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBDTLB];
1327 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1328 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1329 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1330 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1331 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1332 	if (cp != NULL)
1333 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1334 	else
1335 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1336 
1337 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBITLB];
1338 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1339 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1340 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1341 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1342 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1343 	if (cp != NULL)
1344 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1345 	else
1346 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1347 
1348 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBDTLB];
1349 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1350 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1351 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1352 	cp = cpu_cacheinfo_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1353 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1354 	if (cp != NULL)
1355 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1356 	else
1357 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1358 
1359 	if (lfunc < 0x8000001d)
1360 		return;
1361 
1362 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_TOPOEXT)
1363 		cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 0x8000001d);
1364 }
1365 
1366 static void
1367 via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1368 {
1369 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1370 	int stepping;
1371 	u_int descs[4];
1372 	u_int lfunc;
1373 
1374 	stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
1375 
1376 	/*
1377 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
1378 	 */
1379 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1380 	lfunc = descs[0];
1381 
1382 	/*
1383 	 * Determine L1 cache/TLB info.
1384 	 */
1385 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005) {
1386 		/* No L1 cache info available. */
1387 		return;
1388 	}
1389 
1390 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1391 
1392 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1393 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1394 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1395 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1396 
1397 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1398 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1399 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1400 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1401 
1402 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1403 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1404 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1405 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[2]);
1406 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1407 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1408 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1409 	}
1410 
1411 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1412 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1413 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1414 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1415 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1416 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1417 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1418 	}
1419 
1420 	/*
1421 	 * Determine L2 cache/TLB info.
1422 	 */
1423 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006) {
1424 		/* No L2 cache info available. */
1425 		return;
1426 	}
1427 
1428 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1429 
1430 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1431 	if (ci->ci_model >= 9) {
1432 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1433 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1434 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1435 	} else {
1436 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1437 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1438 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1439 	}
1440 }
1441 
1442 static void
1443 tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *frequency, u_int *voltage, u_int *percentage)
1444 {
1445 	u_int descs[4];
1446 
1447 	x86_cpuid(0x80860007, descs);
1448 	*frequency = descs[0];
1449 	*voltage = descs[1];
1450 	*percentage = descs[2];
1451 }
1452 
1453 static void
1454 transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
1455 {
1456 	u_int descs[4], nreg;
1457 	u_int frequency, voltage, percentage;
1458 
1459 	x86_cpuid(0x80860000, descs);
1460 	nreg = descs[0];
1461 	if (nreg >= 0x80860001) {
1462 		x86_cpuid(0x80860001, descs);
1463 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Processor revision %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
1464 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1465 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1466 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1467 		    descs[1] & 0xff);
1468 	}
1469 	if (nreg >= 0x80860002) {
1470 		x86_cpuid(0x80860002, descs);
1471 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Code Morphing Software Rev: %u.%u.%u-%u-%u\n",
1472 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1473 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1474 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1475 		    descs[1] & 0xff,
1476 		    descs[2]);
1477 	}
1478 	if (nreg >= 0x80860006) {
1479 		union {
1480 			char text[65];
1481 			u_int descs[4][4];
1482 		} info;
1483 		int i;
1484 
1485 		for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
1486 			x86_cpuid(0x80860003 + i, info.descs[i]);
1487 		}
1488 		info.text[64] = '\0';
1489 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%s\n", info.text);
1490 	}
1491 
1492 	if (nreg >= 0x80860007) {
1493 		tmx86_get_longrun_status(&frequency,
1494 		    &voltage, &percentage);
1495 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "LongRun <%dMHz %dmV %d%%>\n",
1496 		    frequency, voltage, percentage);
1497 	}
1498 }
1499 
1500 static void
1501 cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1502 {
1503 	u_int descs[4];
1504 	int i;
1505 	uint32_t brand[12];
1506 
1507 	memset(ci, 0, sizeof(*ci));
1508 	ci->ci_dev = cpuname;
1509 
1510 	ci->ci_cpu_type = x86_identify();
1511 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
1512 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1513 		ci->ci_max_cpuid = -1;
1514 		return;
1515 	}
1516 
1517 	/*
1518 	 * This CPU supports cpuid instruction, so we can call x86_cpuid()
1519 	 * function.
1520 	 */
1521 
1522 	/*
1523 	 * Fn0000_0000:
1524 	 * - Save cpuid max level.
1525 	 * - Save vendor string.
1526 	 */
1527 	x86_cpuid(0, descs);
1528 	ci->ci_max_cpuid = descs[0];
1529 	/* Save vendor string */
1530 	ci->ci_vendor[0] = descs[1];
1531 	ci->ci_vendor[2] = descs[2];
1532 	ci->ci_vendor[1] = descs[3];
1533 	ci->ci_vendor[3] = 0;
1534 
1535 	/*
1536 	 * Fn8000_0000:
1537 	 * - Get cpuid extended function's max level.
1538 	 */
1539 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1540 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000000)
1541 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = descs[0];
1542 	else {
1543 		/* Set lower value than 0x80000000 */
1544 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = 0;
1545 	}
1546 
1547 	/*
1548 	 * Fn8000_000[2-4]:
1549 	 * - Save brand string.
1550 	 */
1551 	if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000004) {
1552 		x86_cpuid(0x80000002, brand);
1553 		x86_cpuid(0x80000003, brand + 4);
1554 		x86_cpuid(0x80000004, brand + 8);
1555 		for (i = 0; i < 48; i++)
1556 			if (((char *) brand)[i] != ' ')
1557 				break;
1558 		memcpy(cpu_brand_string, ((char *) brand) + i, 48 - i);
1559 	}
1560 
1561 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1562 		return;
1563 
1564 	/*
1565 	 * Fn0000_0001:
1566 	 * - Get CPU family, model and stepping (from eax).
1567 	 * - Initial local APIC ID and brand ID (from ebx)
1568 	 * - CPUID2 (from ecx)
1569 	 * - CPUID (from edx)
1570 	 */
1571 	x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1572 	ci->ci_signature = descs[0];
1573 
1574 	/* Extract full family/model values */
1575 	ci->ci_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1576 	ci->ci_model = CPUID_TO_MODEL(ci->ci_signature);
1577 
1578 	/* Brand is low order 8 bits of ebx */
1579 	ci->ci_brand_id = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_BRAND_INDEX);
1580 	/* Initial local APIC ID */
1581 	ci->ci_initapicid = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_LOCAL_APIC_ID);
1582 
1583 	ci->ci_feat_val[1] = descs[2];
1584 	ci->ci_feat_val[0] = descs[3];
1585 
1586 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 3)
1587 		return;
1588 
1589 	/*
1590 	 * If the processor serial number misfeature is present and supported,
1591 	 * extract it here.
1592 	 */
1593 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN) != 0) {
1594 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] = ci->ci_signature;
1595 		x86_cpuid(3, descs);
1596 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] = descs[2];
1597 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] = descs[3];
1598 	}
1599 
1600 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x7)
1601 		return;
1602 
1603 	x86_cpuid(7, descs);
1604 	ci->ci_feat_val[5] = descs[1];
1605 	ci->ci_feat_val[6] = descs[2];
1606 	ci->ci_feat_val[7] = descs[3];
1607 
1608 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0xd)
1609 		return;
1610 
1611 	/* Get support XCR0 bits */
1612 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 0, descs);
1613 	ci->ci_feat_val[8] = descs[0];	/* Actually 64 bits */
1614 	ci->ci_cur_xsave = descs[1];
1615 	ci->ci_max_xsave = descs[2];
1616 
1617 	/* Additional flags (eg xsaveopt support) */
1618 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 1, descs);
1619 	ci->ci_feat_val[9] = descs[0];	 /* Actually 64 bits */
1620 }
1621 
1622 static void
1623 cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1624 {
1625 	uint32_t descs[4];
1626 	char hv_sig[13];
1627 	char *p;
1628 	const char *hv_name;
1629 	int i;
1630 
1631 	/*
1632 	 * [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors and Linux.
1633 	 * http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/1/246
1634 	 *
1635 	 * KB1009458: Mechanisms to determine if software is running in
1636 	 * a VMware virtual machine
1637 	 * http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1009458
1638 	 */
1639 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
1640 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
1641 		for (i = 1, p = hv_sig; i < 4; i++, p += sizeof(descs) / 4)
1642 			memcpy(p, &descs[i], sizeof(descs[i]));
1643 		*p = '\0';
1644 		/*
1645 		 * HV vendor	ID string
1646 		 * ------------+--------------
1647 		 * HAXM		"HAXMHAXMHAXM"
1648 		 * KVM		"KVMKVMKVM"
1649 		 * Microsoft	"Microsoft Hv"
1650 		 * QEMU(TCG)	"TCGTCGTCGTCG"
1651 		 * VMware	"VMwareVMware"
1652 		 * Xen		"XenVMMXenVMM"
1653 		 * NetBSD	"___ NVMM ___"
1654 		 */
1655 		if (strncmp(hv_sig, "HAXMHAXMHAXM", 12) == 0)
1656 			hv_name = "HAXM";
1657 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "KVMKVMKVM", 9) == 0)
1658 			hv_name = "KVM";
1659 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "Microsoft Hv", 12) == 0)
1660 			hv_name = "Hyper-V";
1661 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "TCGTCGTCGTCG", 12) == 0)
1662 			hv_name = "QEMU(TCG)";
1663 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "VMwareVMware", 12) == 0)
1664 			hv_name = "VMware";
1665 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "XenVMMXenVMM", 12) == 0)
1666 			hv_name = "Xen";
1667 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "___ NVMM ___", 12) == 0)
1668 			hv_name = "NVMM";
1669 		else
1670 			hv_name = "unknown";
1671 
1672 		printf("%s: Running on hypervisor: %s\n", cpuname, hv_name);
1673 	}
1674 }
1675 
1676 static void
1677 cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *ci)
1678 {
1679 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1680 	unsigned int i;
1681 
1682 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1683 		return;
1684 
1685 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
1686 		if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
1687 		    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
1688 			cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
1689 			break;
1690 		}
1691 	}
1692 
1693 	if (cpup == NULL)
1694 		return;
1695 
1696 	i = ci->ci_family - CPU_MINFAMILY;
1697 
1698 	if (i >= __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family))
1699 		i = __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family) - 1;
1700 
1701 	if (cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe == NULL)
1702 		return;
1703 
1704 	(*cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe)(ci);
1705 }
1706 
1707 static void
1708 print_bits(const char *cpuname, const char *hdr, const char *fmt, uint32_t val)
1709 {
1710 	char buf[32 * 16];
1711 	char *bp;
1712 
1713 #define	MAX_LINE_LEN	79	/* get from command arg or 'stty cols' ? */
1714 
1715 	if (val == 0 || fmt == NULL)
1716 		return;
1717 
1718 	snprintb_m(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, val,
1719 	    MAX_LINE_LEN - strlen(cpuname) - 2 - strlen(hdr) - 1);
1720 	bp = buf;
1721 	while (*bp != '\0') {
1722 		aprint_verbose("%s: %s %s\n", cpuname, hdr, bp);
1723 		bp += strlen(bp) + 1;
1724 	}
1725 }
1726 
1727 static void
1728 dump_descs(uint32_t leafstart, uint32_t leafend, const char *cpuname,
1729     const char *blockname)
1730 {
1731 	uint32_t descs[4];
1732 	uint32_t leaf;
1733 
1734 	aprint_verbose("%s: highest %s info %08x\n", cpuname, blockname,
1735 	    leafend);
1736 
1737 	if (verbose) {
1738 		for (leaf = leafstart; leaf <= leafend; leaf++) {
1739 			x86_cpuid(leaf, descs);
1740 			printf("%s: %08x: %08x %08x %08x %08x\n", cpuname,
1741 			    leaf, descs[0], descs[1], descs[2], descs[3]);
1742 		}
1743 	}
1744 }
1745 
1746 static void
1747 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(struct cpu_info *ci)
1748 {
1749 	u_int lp_max = 1;	/* logical processors per package */
1750 	u_int smt_max;		/* smt per core */
1751 	u_int core_max = 1;	/* core per package */
1752 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits;
1753 	uint32_t descs[4];
1754 
1755 	/*
1756 	 * 253668.pdf 7.10.2
1757 	 */
1758 
1759 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1760 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1761 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1762 	}
1763 	x86_cpuid2(4, 0, descs);
1764 	core_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_DCP_CORE_P_PKG) + 1;
1765 
1766 	assert(lp_max >= core_max);
1767 	smt_max = lp_max / core_max;
1768 	smt_bits = ilog2(smt_max - 1) + 1;
1769 	core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1770 
1771 	if (smt_bits + core_bits)
1772 		ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> (smt_bits + core_bits);
1773 
1774 	if (core_bits)
1775 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1776 		    __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1));
1777 
1778 	if (smt_bits)
1779 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1780 		    __BITS((int)0, (int)(smt_bits - 1)));
1781 }
1782 
1783 static void
1784 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(struct cpu_info *ci)
1785 {
1786 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1787 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits, core_shift = 0, pkg_shift = 0;
1788 	uint32_t descs[4];
1789 	int i;
1790 
1791 	x86_cpuid(0x0b, descs);
1792 	if (descs[1] == 0) {
1793 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1794 		return;
1795 	}
1796 
1797 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
1798 		unsigned int shiftnum, lvltype;
1799 		x86_cpuid2(0x0b, i, descs);
1800 
1801 		/* On invalid level, (EAX and) EBX return 0 */
1802 		if (descs[1] == 0)
1803 			break;
1804 
1805 		shiftnum = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_TOP_SHIFTNUM);
1806 		lvltype = __SHIFTOUT(descs[2], CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE);
1807 		switch (lvltype) {
1808 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_SMT:
1809 			core_shift = shiftnum;
1810 			break;
1811 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_CORE:
1812 			pkg_shift = shiftnum;
1813 			break;
1814 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_INVAL:
1815 			aprint_verbose("%s: Invalid level type\n", cpuname);
1816 			break;
1817 		default:
1818 			aprint_verbose("%s: Unknown level type(%d) \n",
1819 			    cpuname, lvltype);
1820 			break;
1821 		}
1822 	}
1823 
1824 	assert(pkg_shift >= core_shift);
1825 	smt_bits = core_shift;
1826 	core_bits = pkg_shift - core_shift;
1827 
1828 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> pkg_shift;
1829 
1830 	if (core_bits)
1831 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1832 		    __BITS(core_shift, pkg_shift - 1));
1833 
1834 	if (smt_bits)
1835 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1836 		    __BITS((int)0, core_shift - 1));
1837 }
1838 
1839 static void
1840 identifycpu_cpuids_intel(struct cpu_info *ci)
1841 {
1842 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1843 
1844 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x0b)
1845 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(ci);
1846 	else if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 4)
1847 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1848 
1849 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1850 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1851 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1852 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1853 }
1854 
1855 static void
1856 identifycpu_cpuids_amd(struct cpu_info *ci)
1857 {
1858 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1859 	u_int lp_max, core_max;
1860 	int n, cpu_family, apic_id, smt_bits, core_bits = 0;
1861 	uint32_t descs[4];
1862 
1863 	apic_id = ci->ci_initapicid;
1864 	cpu_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1865 
1866 	if (cpu_family < 0xf)
1867 		return;
1868 
1869 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1870 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1871 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1872 
1873 		if (cpu_family >= 0x10 && ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000008) {
1874 			x86_cpuid(0x8000008, descs);
1875 			core_max = (descs[2] & 0xff) + 1;
1876 			n = (descs[2] >> 12) & 0x0f;
1877 			if (n != 0)
1878 				core_bits = n;
1879 		}
1880 	} else {
1881 		lp_max = 1;
1882 	}
1883 	core_max = lp_max;
1884 
1885 	smt_bits = ilog2((lp_max / core_max) - 1) + 1;
1886 	if (core_bits == 0)
1887 		core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1888 
1889 #if 0 /* MSRs need kernel mode */
1890 	if (cpu_family < 0x11) {
1891 		const uint64_t reg = rdmsr(MSR_NB_CFG);
1892 		if ((reg & NB_CFG_INITAPICCPUIDLO) == 0) {
1893 			const u_int node_id = apic_id & __BITS(0, 2);
1894 			apic_id = (cpu_family == 0xf) ?
1895 				(apic_id >> core_bits) | (node_id << core_bits) :
1896 				(apic_id >> 5) | (node_id << 2);
1897 		}
1898 	}
1899 #endif
1900 
1901 	if (cpu_family >= 0x17) {
1902 		x86_cpuid(0x8000001e, descs);
1903 		const u_int threads = ((descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff) + 1;
1904 		smt_bits = ilog2(threads);
1905 		core_bits -= smt_bits;
1906 	}
1907 
1908 	if (smt_bits + core_bits) {
1909 		if (smt_bits + core_bits < 32)
1910 			ci->ci_packageid = 0;
1911 	}
1912 	if (core_bits) {
1913 		u_int core_mask = __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1);
1914 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, core_mask);
1915 	}
1916 	if (smt_bits) {
1917 		u_int smt_mask = __BITS(0, smt_bits - 1);
1918 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, smt_mask);
1919 	}
1920 
1921 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1922 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1923 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1924 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1925 }
1926 
1927 static void
1928 identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *ci)
1929 {
1930 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1931 
1932 	aprint_verbose("%s: Initial APIC ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_initapicid);
1933 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid;
1934 	ci->ci_coreid = 0;
1935 	ci->ci_smtid = 0;
1936 
1937 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
1938 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel(ci);
1939 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
1940 		identifycpu_cpuids_amd(ci);
1941 }
1942 
1943 void
1944 identifycpu(int fd, const char *cpuname)
1945 {
1946 	const char *name = "", *modifier, *vendorname, *brand = "";
1947 	int class = CPUCLASS_386;
1948 	unsigned int i;
1949 	int modif, family;
1950 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1951 	const struct cpu_cpuid_family *cpufam;
1952 	struct cpu_info *ci, cistore;
1953 	u_int descs[4];
1954 	size_t sz;
1955 	struct cpu_ucode_version ucode;
1956 	union {
1957 		struct cpu_ucode_version_amd amd;
1958 		struct cpu_ucode_version_intel1 intel1;
1959 	} ucvers;
1960 
1961 	ci = &cistore;
1962 	cpu_probe_base_features(ci, cpuname);
1963 	dump_descs(0x00000000, ci->ci_max_cpuid, cpuname, "basic");
1964 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
1965 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
1966 		dump_descs(0x40000000, descs[0], cpuname, "hypervisor");
1967 	}
1968 	dump_descs(0x80000000, ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid, cpuname, "extended");
1969 
1970 	cpu_probe_hv_features(ci, cpuname);
1971 	cpu_probe_features(ci);
1972 
1973 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
1974 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1975 		if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= (int)__arraycount(i386_nocpuid_cpus))
1976 			errx(1, "unknown cpu type %d", ci->ci_cpu_type);
1977 		name = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_name;
1978 		cpu_vendor = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendor;
1979 		vendorname = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendorname;
1980 		class = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_class;
1981 		ci->ci_info = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_info;
1982 		modifier = "";
1983 	} else {
1984 		/* CPU which support cpuid instruction */
1985 		modif = (ci->ci_signature >> 12) & 0x3;
1986 		family = ci->ci_family;
1987 		if (family < CPU_MINFAMILY)
1988 			errx(1, "identifycpu: strange family value");
1989 		if (family > CPU_MAXFAMILY)
1990 			family = CPU_MAXFAMILY;
1991 
1992 		for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
1993 			if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
1994 			    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
1995 				cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
1996 				break;
1997 			}
1998 		}
1999 
2000 		if (cpup == NULL) {
2001 			cpu_vendor = CPUVENDOR_UNKNOWN;
2002 			if (ci->ci_vendor[0] != '\0')
2003 				vendorname = (char *)&ci->ci_vendor[0];
2004 			else
2005 				vendorname = "Unknown";
2006 			class = family - 3;
2007 			modifier = "";
2008 			name = "";
2009 			ci->ci_info = NULL;
2010 		} else {
2011 			cpu_vendor = cpup->cpu_vendor;
2012 			vendorname = cpup->cpu_vendorname;
2013 			modifier = modifiers[modif];
2014 			cpufam = &cpup->cpu_family[family - CPU_MINFAMILY];
2015 			name = cpufam->cpu_models[ci->ci_model];
2016 			if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
2017 				name = cpufam->cpu_model_default;
2018 			class = cpufam->cpu_class;
2019 			ci->ci_info = cpufam->cpu_info;
2020 
2021 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2022 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 5) {
2023 					const char *tmp;
2024 					tmp = intel_family6_name(ci);
2025 					if (tmp != NULL)
2026 						name = tmp;
2027 				}
2028 				if (ci->ci_family == 15 &&
2029 				    ci->ci_brand_id <
2030 				    __arraycount(i386_intel_brand) &&
2031 				    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id])
2032 					name =
2033 					    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2034 			}
2035 
2036 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2037 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 6) {
2038 					if (ci->ci_brand_id == 1)
2039 						/*
2040 						 * It's Duron. We override the
2041 						 * name, since it might have
2042 						 * been misidentified as Athlon.
2043 						 */
2044 						name =
2045 						    amd_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2046 					else
2047 						brand = amd_brand_name;
2048 				}
2049 				if (CPUID_TO_BASEFAMILY(ci->ci_signature)
2050 				    == 0xf) {
2051 					/* Identify AMD64 CPU names.  */
2052 					const char *tmp;
2053 					tmp = amd_amd64_name(ci);
2054 					if (tmp != NULL)
2055 						name = tmp;
2056 				}
2057 			}
2058 
2059 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_IDT && ci->ci_family >= 6)
2060 				vendorname = "VIA";
2061 		}
2062 	}
2063 
2064 	ci->ci_cpu_class = class;
2065 
2066 	sz = sizeof(ci->ci_tsc_freq);
2067 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.tsc_freq", &ci->ci_tsc_freq, &sz, NULL, 0);
2068 	sz = sizeof(use_pae);
2069 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.pae", &use_pae, &sz, NULL, 0);
2070 	largepagesize = (use_pae ? 2 * 1024 * 1024 : 4 * 1024 * 1024);
2071 
2072 	/*
2073 	 * The 'cpu_brand_string' is much more useful than the 'cpu_model'
2074 	 * we try to determine from the family/model values.
2075 	 */
2076 	if (*cpu_brand_string != '\0')
2077 		aprint_normal("%s: \"%s\"\n", cpuname, cpu_brand_string);
2078 
2079 	aprint_normal("%s: %s", cpuname, vendorname);
2080 	if (*modifier)
2081 		aprint_normal(" %s", modifier);
2082 	if (*name)
2083 		aprint_normal(" %s", name);
2084 	if (*brand)
2085 		aprint_normal(" %s", brand);
2086 	aprint_normal(" (%s-class)", classnames[class]);
2087 
2088 	if (ci->ci_tsc_freq != 0)
2089 		aprint_normal(", %ju.%02ju MHz",
2090 		    ((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 1000000,
2091 		    (((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 10000) % 100);
2092 	aprint_normal("\n");
2093 
2094 	(void)cpu_tsc_freq_cpuid(ci);
2095 
2096 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "family %#x model %#x stepping %#x",
2097 	    ci->ci_family, ci->ci_model, CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature));
2098 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0)
2099 		aprint_normal(" (id %#x)", ci->ci_signature);
2100 	aprint_normal("\n");
2101 
2102 	if (ci->ci_info)
2103 		(*ci->ci_info)(ci);
2104 
2105 	/*
2106 	 * display CPU feature flags
2107 	 */
2108 
2109 	print_bits(cpuname, "features", CPUID_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[0]);
2110 	print_bits(cpuname, "features1", CPUID2_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[1]);
2111 
2112 	/* These next two are actually common definitions! */
2113 	print_bits(cpuname, "features2",
2114 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_EXT_FLAGS
2115 		: CPUID_EXT_FLAGS, ci->ci_feat_val[2]);
2116 	print_bits(cpuname, "features3",
2117 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_FLAGS4
2118 		: CPUID_AMD_FLAGS4, ci->ci_feat_val[3]);
2119 
2120 	print_bits(cpuname, "padloack features", CPUID_FLAGS_PADLOCK,
2121 	    ci->ci_feat_val[4]);
2122 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2123 		print_bits(cpuname, "features5", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS,
2124 		    ci->ci_feat_val[5]);
2125 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2126 		print_bits(cpuname, "features6", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS1,
2127 		    ci->ci_feat_val[6]);
2128 
2129 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2130 		print_bits(cpuname, "features7", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS2,
2131 		    ci->ci_feat_val[7]);
2132 
2133 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave features", XCR0_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[8]);
2134 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave instructions", CPUID_PES1_FLAGS,
2135 	    ci->ci_feat_val[9]);
2136 
2137 	if (ci->ci_max_xsave != 0) {
2138 		aprint_normal("%s: xsave area size: current %d, maximum %d",
2139 		    cpuname, ci->ci_cur_xsave, ci->ci_max_xsave);
2140 		aprint_normal(", xgetbv %sabled\n",
2141 		    ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE ? "en" : "dis");
2142 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE)
2143 			print_bits(cpuname, "enabled xsave", XCR0_FLAGS1,
2144 			    x86_xgetbv());
2145 	}
2146 
2147 	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(ci);
2148 
2149 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 3 && (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN)) {
2150 		aprint_verbose("%s: serial number %04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X\n",
2151 		    cpuname,
2152 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] % 65536,
2153 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] % 65536,
2154 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] % 65536);
2155 	}
2156 
2157 	if (ci->ci_cpu_class == CPUCLASS_386)
2158 		errx(1, "NetBSD requires an 80486 or later processor");
2159 
2160 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type == CPU_486DLC) {
2161 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_WORKS
2162 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE UNCHANGED.\n");
2163 #else
2164 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_REALLY_WORKS
2165 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED IN HOLD-FLUSH MODE.\n");
2166 #else
2167 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED.\n");
2168 #endif
2169 #endif
2170 	}
2171 
2172 	/*
2173 	 * Everything past this point requires a Pentium or later.
2174 	 */
2175 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0)
2176 		return;
2177 
2178 	identifycpu_cpuids(ci);
2179 
2180 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 5)
2181 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2182 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2183 		uint16_t lmin, lmax;
2184 		x86_cpuid(5, descs);
2185 
2186 		print_bits(cpuname, "MONITOR/MWAIT extensions",
2187 		    CPUID_MON_FLAGS, descs[2]);
2188 		lmin = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_MON_MINSIZE);
2189 		lmax = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_MON_MAXSIZE);
2190 		aprint_normal("%s: monitor-line size %hu", cpuname, lmin);
2191 		if (lmin != lmax)
2192 			aprint_normal("-%hu", lmax);
2193 		aprint_normal("\n");
2194 
2195 		for (i = 0; i <= 7; i++) {
2196 			unsigned int num = CPUID_MON_SUBSTATE(descs[3], i);
2197 
2198 			if (num != 0)
2199 				aprint_normal("%s: C%u substates %u\n",
2200 				    cpuname, i, num);
2201 		}
2202 	}
2203 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 6)
2204 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2205 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2206 		x86_cpuid(6, descs);
2207 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-eax", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2208 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-ecx", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS1, descs[2]);
2209 	}
2210 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 7)
2211 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2212 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2213 		x86_cpuid(7, descs);
2214 		aprint_verbose("%s: SEF highest subleaf %08x\n",
2215 		    cpuname, descs[0]);
2216 		if (descs[0] >= 1) {
2217 			x86_cpuid2(7, 1, descs);
2218 			print_bits(cpuname, "SEF-subleaf1-eax",
2219 			    CPUID_SEF1_FLAGS_A, descs[0]);
2220 		}
2221 	}
2222 
2223 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)) {
2224 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000007)
2225 			powernow_probe(ci);
2226 
2227 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000008) {
2228 			x86_cpuid(0x80000008, descs);
2229 			print_bits(cpuname, "AMD Extended features",
2230 			    CPUID_CAPEX_FLAGS, descs[1]);
2231 		}
2232 	}
2233 
2234 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2235 		if ((ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000000a)
2236 		    && (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_SVM) != 0) {
2237 			x86_cpuid(0x8000000a, descs);
2238 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM Rev. %d\n", cpuname,
2239 			    descs[0] & 0xf);
2240 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM NASID %d\n", cpuname,
2241 			    descs[1]);
2242 			print_bits(cpuname, "SVM features",
2243 			    CPUID_AMD_SVM_FLAGS, descs[3]);
2244 		}
2245 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000001f) {
2246 			x86_cpuid(0x8000001f, descs);
2247 			print_bits(cpuname, "Encrypted Memory features",
2248 			    CPUID_AMD_ENCMEM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2249 		}
2250 	} else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2251 		if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x0a) {
2252 			unsigned int pmcver, ncounter, veclen;
2253 
2254 			x86_cpuid(0x0a, descs);
2255 			pmcver = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_VERSION);
2256 			ncounter = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_NGPPC);
2257 			veclen = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_BVECLEN);
2258 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: Ver. %u",
2259 			    cpuname, pmcver);
2260 			if (((pmcver >= 3) && (pmcver <= 4)) ||
2261 			    ((pmcver >= 5) &&
2262 				(descs[3] & CPUID_PERF_ANYTHREADDEPR) == 0))
2263 				aprint_verbose(" <ANYTHREAD>\n");
2264 			else
2265 				aprint_verbose("\n");
2266 
2267 			aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: General: "
2268 			    "bitwidth %u, %u counters\n", cpuname,
2269 			    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_PERF_NBWGPPC),
2270 			    ncounter);
2271 			/* Invert logic for the output */
2272 			descs[1] ^= __BITS(veclen - 1, 0);
2273 			/*
2274 			 * Mask unrelated bits. An hypervisor reduces the
2275 			 * vector and set bit(s) out of the vector.
2276 			 */
2277 			descs[1] &= __BITS(veclen - 1, 0);
2278 			print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon: General: avail",
2279 			    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS1, descs[1]);
2280 
2281 			if (pmcver >= 2) {
2282 				ncounter = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3],
2283 				    CPUID_PERF_NFFPC);
2284 				aprint_verbose("%s: Perfmon: Fixed: "
2285 				    "bitwidth %u, %u counters\n", cpuname,
2286 				    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[3],
2287 					CPUID_PERF_NBWFFPC),
2288 				    ncounter);
2289 				if (pmcver <= 4)
2290 					descs[2] = __BITS(ncounter - 1, 0);
2291 				print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon: Fixed: avail",
2292 				    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS2, descs[2]);
2293 			}
2294 		}
2295 		if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x1a) {
2296 			x86_cpuid(0x1a, descs);
2297 			if (descs[0] != 0) {
2298 				aprint_verbose("%s: Hybrid: Core type %02x, "
2299 				    "Native Model ID %07x\n",
2300 				    cpuname,
2301 				    (uint8_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0],
2302 					CPUID_HYBRID_CORETYPE),
2303 				    (uint32_t)__SHIFTOUT(descs[0],
2304 					CPUID_HYBRID_NATIVEID));
2305 			}
2306 		}
2307 	}
2308 
2309 #ifdef INTEL_ONDEMAND_CLOCKMOD
2310 	clockmod_init();
2311 #endif
2312 
2313 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2314 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2315 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2316 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2317 	else
2318 		return;
2319 
2320 	ucode.data = &ucvers;
2321 	if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &ucode) < 0) {
2322 #ifdef __i386__
2323 		struct cpu_ucode_version_64 ucode_64;
2324 		if (errno != ENOTTY)
2325 			return;
2326 		/* Try the 64 bit ioctl */
2327 		memset(&ucode_64, 0, sizeof ucode_64);
2328 		ucode_64.data = &ucvers;
2329 		ucode_64.loader_version = ucode.loader_version;
2330 		if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION_64, &ucode_64) < 0)
2331 			return;
2332 #else
2333 		return;
2334 #endif
2335 	}
2336 
2337 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2338 		printf("%s: UCode version: 0x%"PRIx64"\n", cpuname, ucvers.amd.version);
2339 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2340 		printf("%s: microcode version 0x%x, platform ID %d\n", cpuname,
2341 		    ucvers.intel1.ucodeversion, ucvers.intel1.platformid);
2342 }
2343 
2344 static const char *
2345 print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2346     const char *sep)
2347 {
2348 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2349 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2350 
2351 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2352 		return sep;
2353 
2354 	if (sep == NULL)
2355 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2356 	else
2357 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2358 	if (name != NULL)
2359 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2360 
2361 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2362 		aprint_verbose("%s ", cai->cai_string);
2363 	} else {
2364 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2365 		    cai->cai_totalsize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2366 		aprint_verbose("%s %dB/line ", human_num, cai->cai_linesize);
2367 	}
2368 	switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2369 	case	0:
2370 		aprint_verbose("disabled");
2371 		break;
2372 	case	1:
2373 		aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2374 		break;
2375 	case 0xff:
2376 		aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2377 		break;
2378 	default:
2379 		aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2380 		break;
2381 	}
2382 	return ", ";
2383 }
2384 
2385 static const char *
2386 print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2387     const char *sep)
2388 {
2389 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2390 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2391 
2392 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2393 		return sep;
2394 
2395 	if (sep == NULL)
2396 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2397 	else
2398 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2399 	if ((name != NULL) && (sep == NULL))
2400 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2401 
2402 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2403 		aprint_verbose("%s", cai->cai_string);
2404 	} else {
2405 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2406 		    cai->cai_linesize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2407 		aprint_verbose("%d %s entries ", cai->cai_totalsize,
2408 		    human_num);
2409 		switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2410 		case 0:
2411 			aprint_verbose("disabled");
2412 			break;
2413 		case 1:
2414 			aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2415 			break;
2416 		case 0xff:
2417 			aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2418 			break;
2419 		default:
2420 			aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2421 			break;
2422 		}
2423 	}
2424 	return ", ";
2425 }
2426 
2427 static void
2428 x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
2429 {
2430 	const char *sep = NULL;
2431 
2432 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE].cai_totalsize != 0 ||
2433 	    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2434 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_ICACHE, "I-cache:", NULL);
2435 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_DCACHE, "D-cache:", sep);
2436 		if (sep != NULL)
2437 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2438 	}
2439 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2440 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L2CACHE, "L2 cache:", NULL);
2441 		if (sep != NULL)
2442 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2443 	}
2444 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2445 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L3CACHE, "L3 cache:", NULL);
2446 		if (sep != NULL)
2447 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2448 	}
2449 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize != 0) {
2450 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%dB prefetching",
2451 		    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize);
2452 		if (sep != NULL)
2453 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2454 	}
2455 
2456 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB, "ITLB:", NULL);
2457 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB2, "ITLB:", sep);
2458 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBITLB, "ITLB:", sep);
2459 	if (sep != NULL)
2460 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2461 
2462 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB, "DTLB:", NULL);
2463 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB2, "DTLB:", sep);
2464 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBDTLB, "DTLB:", sep);
2465 	if (sep != NULL)
2466 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2467 
2468 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_LD_TLB, "Load only TLB:", NULL);
2469 	if (sep != NULL)
2470 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2471 
2472 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_ST_TLB, "Store only TLB:", NULL);
2473 	if (sep != NULL)
2474 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2475 
2476 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB, "L2 ITLB:", NULL);
2477 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB2, "L2 ITLB:", sep);
2478 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBITLB, "L2 ITLB:", sep);
2479 	if (sep != NULL)
2480 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2481 
2482 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB, "L2 DTLB:", NULL);
2483 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB2, "L2 DTLB:", sep);
2484 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBDTLB, "L2 DTLB:", sep);
2485 	if (sep != NULL)
2486 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2487 
2488 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB, "L2 STLB:", NULL);
2489 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB2, "L2 STLB:", sep);
2490 	sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB3, "L2 STLB:", sep);
2491 	if (sep != NULL)
2492 		aprint_verbose("\n");
2493 }
2494 
2495 static void
2496 powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
2497 {
2498 	uint32_t regs[4];
2499 	char buf[256];
2500 
2501 	x86_cpuid(0x80000007, regs);
2502 
2503 	snprintb(buf, sizeof(buf), CPUID_APM_FLAGS, regs[3]);
2504 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Power Management features: %s\n", buf);
2505 }
2506 
2507 bool
2508 identifycpu_bind(void)
2509 {
2510 
2511 	return true;
2512 }
2513 
2514 int
2515 ucodeupdate_check(int fd, struct cpu_ucode *uc)
2516 {
2517 	struct cpu_info ci;
2518 	int loader_version, res;
2519 	struct cpu_ucode_version versreq;
2520 
2521 	cpu_probe_base_features(&ci, "unknown");
2522 
2523 	if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "AuthenticAMD"))
2524 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2525 	else if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "GenuineIntel"))
2526 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2527 	else
2528 		return -1;
2529 
2530 	/* check whether the kernel understands this loader version */
2531 	versreq.loader_version = loader_version;
2532 	versreq.data = 0;
2533 	res = ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &versreq);
2534 	if (res)
2535 		return -1;
2536 
2537 	switch (loader_version) {
2538 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD:
2539 		if (uc->cpu_nr != -1) {
2540 			/* printf? */
2541 			return -1;
2542 		}
2543 		uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS;
2544 		break;
2545 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1:
2546 		if (uc->cpu_nr == -1)
2547 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS; /* for Xen */
2548 		else
2549 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_CURRENT_CPU;
2550 		break;
2551 	default: /* can't happen */
2552 		return -1;
2553 	}
2554 	uc->loader_version = loader_version;
2555 	return 0;
2556 }
2557