xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/cpuctl/arch/i386.c (revision 8ecbf5f02b752fcb7debe1a8fab1dc82602bc760)
1 /*	$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.114 2020/09/05 07:45:44 maxv Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Frank van der Linden,  and by Jason R. Thorpe.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*-
33  * Copyright (c)2008 YAMAMOTO Takashi,
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  *
45  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
46  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
47  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
48  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
49  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
51  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
52  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
53  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
54  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
55  * SUCH DAMAGE.
56  */
57 
58 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
59 #ifndef lint
60 __RCSID("$NetBSD: i386.c,v 1.114 2020/09/05 07:45:44 maxv Exp $");
61 #endif /* not lint */
62 
63 #include <sys/types.h>
64 #include <sys/param.h>
65 #include <sys/bitops.h>
66 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
67 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
68 #include <sys/cpuio.h>
69 
70 #include <errno.h>
71 #include <string.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <err.h>
75 #include <assert.h>
76 #include <math.h>
77 #include <util.h>
78 
79 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
80 #include <machine/cpu.h>
81 
82 #include <x86/cpuvar.h>
83 #include <x86/cputypes.h>
84 #include <x86/cpu_ucode.h>
85 
86 #include "../cpuctl.h"
87 #include "cpuctl_i386.h"
88 
89 /* Size of buffer for printing humanized numbers */
90 #define HUMAN_BUFSIZE sizeof("999KB")
91 
92 struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass {
93 	int cpu_vendor;
94 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
95 	const char *cpu_name;
96 	int cpu_class;
97 	void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
98 	void (*cpu_cacheinfo)(struct cpu_info *);
99 	void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
100 };
101 
102 struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass {
103 	const char *cpu_id;
104 	int cpu_vendor;
105 	const char *cpu_vendorname;
106 	struct cpu_cpuid_family {
107 		int cpu_class;
108 		const char *cpu_models[256];
109 		const char *cpu_model_default;
110 		void (*cpu_setup)(struct cpu_info *);
111 		void (*cpu_probe)(struct cpu_info *);
112 		void (*cpu_info)(struct cpu_info *);
113 	} cpu_family[CPU_MAXFAMILY - CPU_MINFAMILY + 1];
114 };
115 
116 static const struct x86_cache_info intel_cpuid_cache_info[] = INTEL_CACHE_INFO;
117 
118 /*
119  * Map Brand ID from cpuid instruction to brand name.
120  * Source: Table 3-24, Mapping of Brand Indices; and Intel 64 and IA-32
121  * Processor Brand Strings, Chapter 3 in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32
122  * Architectures Software Developer's Manual, Volume 2A".
123  */
124 static const char * const i386_intel_brand[] = {
125 	"",		    /* Unsupported */
126 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
127 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
128 	"Pentium III Xeon", /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III Xeon (TM) processor */
129 	"Pentium III",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor */
130 	"",		    /* 0x05: Reserved */
131 	"Mobile Pentium III",/* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) III processor-M */
132 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
133 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
134 	"Pentium 4",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor */
135 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (TM) processor */
136 	"Xeon",		    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor */
137 	"Xeon MP",	    /* Intel (R) Xeon (TM) processor MP */
138 	"",		    /* 0x0d: Reserved */
139 	"Mobile Pentium 4", /* Mobile Intel (R) Pentium (R) 4 processor-M */
140 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
141 	"",		    /* 0x10: Reserved */
142 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Moblie Genuine Intel (R) processor */
143 	"Celeron M",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) M processor */
144 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
145 	"Celeron",	    /* Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
146 	"Mobile Genuine",   /* Moblie Genuine Intel (R) processor */
147 	"Pentium M",	    /* Intel (R) Pentium (R) M processor */
148 	"Mobile Celeron",   /* Mobile Intel (R) Celeron (R) processor */
149 };
150 
151 /*
152  * AMD processors don't have Brand IDs, so we need these names for probe.
153  */
154 static const char * const amd_brand[] = {
155 	"",
156 	"Duron",	/* AMD Duron(tm) */
157 	"MP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) MP */
158 	"XP",		/* AMD Athlon(tm) XP */
159 	"4"		/* AMD Athlon(tm) 4 */
160 };
161 
162 int cpu_vendor;
163 static char cpu_brand_string[49];
164 static char amd_brand_name[48];
165 static int use_pae, largepagesize;
166 
167 /* Setup functions */
168 static void	disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *);
169 static void	amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *);
170 static void	cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
171 static void	winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *);
172 /* Brand/Model name functions */
173 static const char *intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *);
174 static const char *amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *);
175 /* Probe functions */
176 static void	amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *);
177 static void	powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *);
178 static void	intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *);
179 static void	via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *);
180 /* (Cache) Info functions */
181 static void	cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *, uint32_t);
182 static void	intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
183 static void	amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
184 static void	via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *);
185 static void	tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *, u_int *, u_int *);
186 static void	transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *);
187 /* Common functions */
188 static void	cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
189 static void	cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *, const char *);
190 static void	cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *);
191 static void	print_bits(const char *, const char *, const char *, uint32_t);
192 static void	identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *);
193 static const struct x86_cache_info *cache_info_lookup(
194     const struct x86_cache_info *, uint8_t);
195 static const char *print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
196     const char *);
197 static const char *print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *, int, const char *,
198     const char *);
199 static void	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *);
200 
201 /*
202  * Note: these are just the ones that may not have a cpuid instruction.
203  * We deal with the rest in a different way.
204  */
205 const struct cpu_nocpuid_nameclass i386_nocpuid_cpus[] = {
206 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386SX",	CPUCLASS_386,
207 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386SX */
208 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "386DX",	CPUCLASS_386,
209 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_386   */
210 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486SX",	CPUCLASS_486,
211 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486SX */
212 	{ CPUVENDOR_INTEL, "Intel", "486DX",	CPUCLASS_486,
213 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486   */
214 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "486DLC",	CPUCLASS_486,
215 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_486DLC */
216 	{ CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, "Cyrix", "6x86",	CPUCLASS_486,
217 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },		/* CPU_6x86 */
218 	{ CPUVENDOR_NEXGEN,"NexGen","586",	CPUCLASS_386,
219 	  NULL, NULL, NULL },			/* CPU_NX586 */
220 };
221 
222 const char *classnames[] = {
223 	"386",
224 	"486",
225 	"586",
226 	"686"
227 };
228 
229 const char *modifiers[] = {
230 	"",
231 	"OverDrive",
232 	"Dual",
233 	""
234 };
235 
236 const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass i386_cpuid_cpus[] = {
237 	{
238 		/*
239 		 * For Intel processors, check Chapter 35Model-specific
240 		 * registers (MSRS), in "Intel (R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures
241 		 * Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3C".
242 		 */
243 		"GenuineIntel",
244 		CPUVENDOR_INTEL,
245 		"Intel",
246 		/* Family 4 */
247 		{ {
248 			CPUCLASS_486,
249 			{
250 				"486DX", "486DX", "486SX", "486DX2", "486SL",
251 				"486SX2", 0, "486DX2 W/B Enhanced",
252 				"486DX4", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
253 			},
254 			"486",		/* Default */
255 			NULL,
256 			NULL,
257 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
258 		},
259 		/* Family 5 */
260 		{
261 			CPUCLASS_586,
262 			{
263 				"Pentium (P5 A-step)", "Pentium (P5)",
264 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium (P24T)",
265 				"Pentium/MMX", "Pentium", 0,
266 				"Pentium (P54C)", "Pentium/MMX (Tillamook)",
267 				"Quark X1000", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
268 			},
269 			"Pentium",	/* Default */
270 			NULL,
271 			NULL,
272 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
273 		},
274 		/* Family 6 */
275 		{
276 			CPUCLASS_686,
277 			{
278 				[0x00] = "Pentium Pro (A-step)",
279 				[0x01] = "Pentium Pro",
280 				[0x03] = "Pentium II (Klamath)",
281 				[0x04] = "Pentium Pro",
282 				[0x05] = "Pentium II/Celeron (Deschutes)",
283 				[0x06] = "Celeron (Mendocino)",
284 				[0x07] = "Pentium III (Katmai)",
285 				[0x08] = "Pentium III (Coppermine)",
286 				[0x09] = "Pentium M (Banias)",
287 				[0x0a] = "Pentium III Xeon (Cascades)",
288 				[0x0b] = "Pentium III (Tualatin)",
289 				[0x0d] = "Pentium M (Dothan)",
290 				[0x0e] = "Pentium Core Duo, Core solo",
291 				[0x0f] = "Xeon 30xx, 32xx, 51xx, 53xx, 73xx, "
292 					 "Core 2 Quad 6xxx, "
293 					 "Core 2 Extreme 6xxx, "
294 					 "Core 2 Duo 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx "
295 					 "and Pentium DC",
296 				[0x15] = "EP80579 Integrated Processor",
297 				[0x16] = "Celeron (45nm)",
298 				[0x17] = "Xeon 31xx, 33xx, 52xx, 54xx, "
299 					 "Core 2 Quad 8xxx and 9xxx",
300 				[0x1a] = "Core i7, Xeon 34xx, 35xx and 55xx "
301 					 "(Nehalem)",
302 				[0x1c] = "45nm Atom Family",
303 				[0x1d] = "XeonMP 74xx (Nehalem)",
304 				[0x1e] = "Core i7 and i5",
305 				[0x1f] = "Core i7 and i5",
306 				[0x25] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
307 				[0x26] = "Atom Family",
308 				[0x27] = "Atom Family",
309 				[0x2a] = "Xeon E3-12xx, 2nd gen i7, i5, "
310 					 "i3 2xxx",
311 				[0x2c] = "Xeon 36xx & 56xx, i7, i5 and i3",
312 				[0x2d] = "Xeon E5 Sandy Bridge family, "
313 					 "Core i7-39xx Extreme",
314 				[0x2e] = "Xeon 75xx & 65xx",
315 				[0x2f] = "Xeon E7 family",
316 				[0x35] = "Atom Family",
317 				[0x36] = "Atom S1000",
318 				[0x37] = "Atom E3000, Z3[67]00",
319 				[0x3a] = "Xeon E3-1200v2 and 3rd gen core, "
320 					 "Ivy Bridge",
321 				[0x3c] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
322 					 "(Haswell)",
323 				[0x3d] = "Core M-5xxx, 5th gen Core (Broadwell)",
324 				[0x3e] = "Xeon E5/E7 v2 (Ivy Bridge-E), "
325 					 "Core i7-49xx Extreme",
326 				[0x3f] = "Xeon E5-4600/2600/1600 v3, Xeon E7 v3 (Haswell-E), "
327 					 "Core i7-59xx Extreme",
328 				[0x45] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
329 					 "(Haswell)",
330 				[0x46] = "4th gen Core, Xeon E3-12xx v3 "
331 					 "(Haswell)",
332 				[0x47] = "5th gen Core, Xeon E3-1200 v4 (Broadwell)",
333 				[0x4a] = "Atom Z3400",
334 				[0x4c] = "Atom X[57]-Z8000 (Airmont)",
335 				[0x4d] = "Atom C2000",
336 				[0x4e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
337 				[0x4f] = "Xeon E[57] v4 (Broadwell), Core i7-69xx Extreme",
338 				[0x55] = "Xeon Scalable (Skylake, Cascade Lake, Copper Lake)",
339 				[0x56] = "Xeon D-1500 (Broadwell)",
340 				[0x57] = "Xeon Phi [357]200 (Knights Landing)",
341 				[0x5a] = "Atom E3500",
342 				[0x5c] = "Atom (Goldmont)",
343 				[0x5d] = "Atom X3-C3000 (Silvermont)",
344 				[0x5e] = "6th gen Core, Xeon E3-1[25]00 v5 (Skylake)",
345 				[0x5f] = "Atom (Goldmont, Denverton)",
346 				[0x66] = "8th gen Core i3 (Cannon Lake)",
347 				[0x6a] = "Future Xeon (Ice Lake)",
348 				[0x6c] = "Future Xeon (Ice Lake)",
349 				[0x7a] = "Atom (Goldmont Plus)",
350 				[0x7d] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
351 				[0x7e] = "10th gen Core (Ice Lake)",
352 				[0x85] = "Xeon Phi 7215, 7285, 7295 (Knights Mill)",
353 				[0x86] = "Atom (Tremont)",
354 				[0x8e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
355 				[0x9e] = "7th or 8th gen Core (Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake) or Xeon E (Coffee Lake)",
356 				[0xa5] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
357 				[0xa6] = "10th gen Core (Comet Lake)",
358 			},
359 			"Pentium Pro, II or III",	/* Default */
360 			NULL,
361 			intel_family_new_probe,
362 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
363 		},
364 		/* Family > 6 */
365 		{
366 			CPUCLASS_686,
367 			{
368 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
369 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
370 			},
371 			"Pentium 4",	/* Default */
372 			NULL,
373 			intel_family_new_probe,
374 			intel_cpu_cacheinfo,
375 		} }
376 	},
377 	{
378 		"AuthenticAMD",
379 		CPUVENDOR_AMD,
380 		"AMD",
381 		/* Family 4 */
382 		{ {
383 			CPUCLASS_486,
384 			{
385 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/T",
386 				0, 0, 0, "Am486DX2 W/B",
387 				"Am486DX4 W/T or Am5x86 W/T 150",
388 				"Am486DX4 W/B or Am5x86 W/B 150", 0, 0,
389 				0, 0, "Am5x86 W/T 133/160",
390 				"Am5x86 W/B 133/160",
391 			},
392 			"Am486 or Am5x86",	/* Default */
393 			NULL,
394 			NULL,
395 			NULL,
396 		},
397 		/* Family 5 */
398 		{
399 			CPUCLASS_586,
400 			{
401 				"K5", "K5", "K5", "K5", 0, 0, "K6",
402 				"K6", "K6-2", "K6-III", "Geode LX", 0, 0,
403 				"K6-2+/III+", 0, 0,
404 			},
405 			"K5 or K6",		/* Default */
406 			amd_family5_setup,
407 			NULL,
408 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
409 		},
410 		/* Family 6 */
411 		{
412 			CPUCLASS_686,
413 			{
414 				0, "Athlon Model 1", "Athlon Model 2",
415 				"Duron", "Athlon Model 4 (Thunderbird)",
416 				0, "Athlon", "Duron", "Athlon", 0,
417 				"Athlon", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
418 			},
419 			"K7 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
420 			NULL,
421 			amd_family6_probe,
422 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
423 		},
424 		/* Family > 6 */
425 		{
426 			CPUCLASS_686,
427 			{
428 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
429 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
430 			},
431 			"Unknown K8 (Athlon)",	/* Default */
432 			NULL,
433 			amd_family6_probe,
434 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
435 		} }
436 	},
437 	{
438 		"CyrixInstead",
439 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX,
440 		"Cyrix",
441 		/* Family 4 */
442 		{ {
443 			CPUCLASS_486,
444 			{
445 				0, 0, 0,
446 				"MediaGX",
447 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
448 			},
449 			"486",		/* Default */
450 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup, /* XXX ?? */
451 			NULL,
452 			NULL,
453 		},
454 		/* Family 5 */
455 		{
456 			CPUCLASS_586,
457 			{
458 				0, 0, "6x86", 0,
459 				"MMX-enhanced MediaGX (GXm)", /* or Geode? */
460 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
461 			},
462 			"6x86",		/* Default */
463 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
464 			NULL,
465 			NULL,
466 		},
467 		/* Family 6 */
468 		{
469 			CPUCLASS_686,
470 			{
471 				"6x86MX", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
472 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
473 			},
474 			"6x86MX",		/* Default */
475 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
476 			NULL,
477 			NULL,
478 		},
479 		/* Family > 6 */
480 		{
481 			CPUCLASS_686,
482 			{
483 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
484 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
485 			},
486 			"Unknown 6x86MX",		/* Default */
487 			NULL,
488 			NULL,
489 			NULL,
490 		} }
491 	},
492 	{	/* MediaGX is now owned by National Semiconductor */
493 		"Geode by NSC",
494 		CPUVENDOR_CYRIX, /* XXX */
495 		"National Semiconductor",
496 		/* Family 4, NSC never had any of these */
497 		{ {
498 			CPUCLASS_486,
499 			{
500 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
501 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
502 			},
503 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
504 			NULL,
505 			NULL,
506 			NULL,
507 		},
508 		/* Family 5: Geode family, formerly MediaGX */
509 		{
510 			CPUCLASS_586,
511 			{
512 				0, 0, 0, 0,
513 				"Geode GX1",
514 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
515 			},
516 			"Geode",		/* Default */
517 			cyrix6x86_cpu_setup,
518 			NULL,
519 			amd_cpu_cacheinfo,
520 		},
521 		/* Family 6, not yet available from NSC */
522 		{
523 			CPUCLASS_686,
524 			{
525 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
526 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
527 			},
528 			"Pentium Pro compatible", /* Default */
529 			NULL,
530 			NULL,
531 			NULL,
532 		},
533 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from NSC */
534 		{
535 			CPUCLASS_686,
536 			{
537 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
538 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
539 			},
540 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
541 			NULL,
542 			NULL,
543 			NULL,
544 		} }
545 	},
546 	{
547 		"CentaurHauls",
548 		CPUVENDOR_IDT,
549 		"IDT",
550 		/* Family 4, IDT never had any of these */
551 		{ {
552 			CPUCLASS_486,
553 			{
554 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
555 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
556 			},
557 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
558 			NULL,
559 			NULL,
560 			NULL,
561 		},
562 		/* Family 5 */
563 		{
564 			CPUCLASS_586,
565 			{
566 				0, 0, 0, 0, "WinChip C6", 0, 0, 0,
567 				"WinChip 2", "WinChip 3", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
568 			},
569 			"WinChip",		/* Default */
570 			winchip_cpu_setup,
571 			NULL,
572 			NULL,
573 		},
574 		/* Family 6, VIA acquired IDT Centaur design subsidiary */
575 		{
576 			CPUCLASS_686,
577 			{
578 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "C3 Samuel",
579 				"C3 Samuel 2/Ezra", "C3 Ezra-T",
580 				"C3 Nehemiah", "C7 Esther", 0, 0, "C7 Esther",
581 				0, "VIA Nano",
582 			},
583 			"Unknown VIA/IDT",	/* Default */
584 			NULL,
585 			via_cpu_probe,
586 			via_cpu_cacheinfo,
587 		},
588 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from VIA */
589 		{
590 			CPUCLASS_686,
591 			{
592 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
593 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
594 			},
595 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
596 			NULL,
597 			NULL,
598 			NULL,
599 		} }
600 	},
601 	{
602 		"GenuineTMx86",
603 		CPUVENDOR_TRANSMETA,
604 		"Transmeta",
605 		/* Family 4, Transmeta never had any of these */
606 		{ {
607 			CPUCLASS_486,
608 			{
609 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
610 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
611 			},
612 			"486 compatible",	/* Default */
613 			NULL,
614 			NULL,
615 			NULL,
616 		},
617 		/* Family 5 */
618 		{
619 			CPUCLASS_586,
620 			{
621 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
622 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
623 			},
624 			"Crusoe",		/* Default */
625 			NULL,
626 			NULL,
627 			transmeta_cpu_info,
628 		},
629 		/* Family 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
630 		{
631 			CPUCLASS_686,
632 			{
633 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
634 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
635 			},
636 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
637 			NULL,
638 			NULL,
639 			NULL,
640 		},
641 		/* Family > 6, not yet available from Transmeta */
642 		{
643 			CPUCLASS_686,
644 			{
645 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
646 				0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
647 			},
648 			"Pentium Pro compatible",	/* Default */
649 			NULL,
650 			NULL,
651 			NULL,
652 		} }
653 	}
654 };
655 
656 /*
657  * disable the TSC such that we don't use the TSC in microtime(9)
658  * because some CPUs got the implementation wrong.
659  */
660 static void
661 disable_tsc(struct cpu_info *ci)
662 {
663 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_TSC) {
664 		ci->ci_feat_val[0] &= ~CPUID_TSC;
665 		aprint_error("WARNING: broken TSC disabled\n");
666 	}
667 }
668 
669 static void
670 amd_family5_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
671 {
672 
673 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
674 	case 0:		/* AMD-K5 Model 0 */
675 		/*
676 		 * According to the AMD Processor Recognition App Note,
677 		 * the AMD-K5 Model 0 uses the wrong bit to indicate
678 		 * support for global PTEs, instead using bit 9 (APIC)
679 		 * rather than bit 13 (i.e. "0x200" vs. 0x2000".  Oops!).
680 		 */
681 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_APIC)
682 			ci->ci_feat_val[0] =
683 			    (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & ~CPUID_APIC) | CPUID_PGE;
684 		/*
685 		 * XXX But pmap_pg_g is already initialized -- need to kick
686 		 * XXX the pmap somehow.  How does the MP branch do this?
687 		 */
688 		break;
689 	}
690 }
691 
692 static void
693 cyrix6x86_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
694 {
695 
696 	/*
697 	 * Do not disable the TSC on the Geode GX, it's reported to
698 	 * work fine.
699 	 */
700 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0x552)
701 		disable_tsc(ci);
702 }
703 
704 static void
705 winchip_cpu_setup(struct cpu_info *ci)
706 {
707 	switch (ci->ci_model) {
708 	case 4:	/* WinChip C6 */
709 		disable_tsc(ci);
710 	}
711 }
712 
713 
714 static const char *
715 intel_family6_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
716 {
717 	const char *ret = NULL;
718 	u_int l2cache = ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize;
719 
720 	if (ci->ci_model == 5) {
721 		switch (l2cache) {
722 		case 0:
723 		case 128 * 1024:
724 			ret = "Celeron (Covington)";
725 			break;
726 		case 256 * 1024:
727 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II (Dixon)";
728 			break;
729 		case 512 * 1024:
730 			ret = "Pentium II";
731 			break;
732 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
733 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
734 			ret = "Pentium II Xeon";
735 			break;
736 		}
737 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 6) {
738 		switch (l2cache) {
739 		case 256 * 1024:
740 		case 512 * 1024:
741 			ret = "Mobile Pentium II";
742 			break;
743 		}
744 	} else if (ci->ci_model == 7) {
745 		switch (l2cache) {
746 		case 512 * 1024:
747 			ret = "Pentium III";
748 			break;
749 		case 1 * 1024 * 1024:
750 		case 2 * 1024 * 1024:
751 			ret = "Pentium III Xeon";
752 			break;
753 		}
754 	} else if (ci->ci_model >= 8) {
755 		if (ci->ci_brand_id && ci->ci_brand_id < 0x10) {
756 			switch (ci->ci_brand_id) {
757 			case 0x3:
758 				if (ci->ci_signature == 0x6B1)
759 					ret = "Celeron";
760 				break;
761 			case 0x8:
762 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
763 					ret = "genuine processor";
764 				break;
765 			case 0xB:
766 				if (ci->ci_signature >= 0xF13)
767 					ret = "Xeon MP";
768 				break;
769 			case 0xE:
770 				if (ci->ci_signature < 0xF13)
771 					ret = "Xeon";
772 				break;
773 			}
774 			if (ret == NULL)
775 				ret = i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
776 		}
777 	}
778 
779 	return ret;
780 }
781 
782 /*
783  * Identify AMD64 CPU names from cpuid.
784  *
785  * Based on:
786  * "Revision Guide for AMD Athlon 64 and AMD Opteron Processors"
787  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/25759.pdf
788  * "Revision Guide for AMD NPT Family 0Fh Processors"
789  * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/33610.pdf
790  * and other miscellaneous reports.
791  *
792  * This is all rather pointless, these are cross 'brand' since the raw
793  * silicon is shared.
794  */
795 static const char *
796 amd_amd64_name(struct cpu_info *ci)
797 {
798 	static char family_str[32];
799 
800 	/* Only called if family >= 15 */
801 
802 	switch (ci->ci_family) {
803 	case 15:
804 		switch (ci->ci_model) {
805 		case 0x21:	/* rev JH-E1/E6 */
806 		case 0x41:	/* rev JH-F2 */
807 			return "Dual-Core Opteron";
808 		case 0x23:	/* rev JH-E6 (Toledo) */
809 			return "Dual-Core Opteron or Athlon 64 X2";
810 		case 0x43:	/* rev JH-F2 (Windsor) */
811 			return "Athlon 64 FX or Athlon 64 X2";
812 		case 0x24:	/* rev SH-E5 (Lancaster?) */
813 			return "Mobile Athlon 64 or Turion 64";
814 		case 0x05:	/* rev SH-B0/B3/C0/CG (SledgeHammer?) */
815 			return "Opteron or Athlon 64 FX";
816 		case 0x15:	/* rev SH-D0 */
817 		case 0x25:	/* rev SH-E4 */
818 			return "Opteron";
819 		case 0x27:	/* rev DH-E4, SH-E4 */
820 			return "Athlon 64 or Athlon 64 FX or Opteron";
821 		case 0x48:	/* rev BH-F2 */
822 			return "Turion 64 X2";
823 		case 0x04:	/* rev SH-B0/C0/CG (ClawHammer) */
824 		case 0x07:	/* rev SH-CG (ClawHammer) */
825 		case 0x0b:	/* rev CH-CG */
826 		case 0x14:	/* rev SH-D0 */
827 		case 0x17:	/* rev SH-D0 */
828 		case 0x1b:	/* rev CH-D0 */
829 			return "Athlon 64";
830 		case 0x2b:	/* rev BH-E4 (Manchester) */
831 		case 0x4b:	/* rev BH-F2 (Windsor) */
832 			return "Athlon 64 X2";
833 		case 0x6b:	/* rev BH-G1 (Brisbane) */
834 			return "Athlon X2 or Athlon 64 X2";
835 		case 0x08:	/* rev CH-CG */
836 		case 0x0c:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle) */
837 		case 0x0e:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle?) */
838 		case 0x0f:	/* rev DH-CG (Newcastle/Paris) */
839 		case 0x18:	/* rev CH-D0 */
840 		case 0x1c:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester) */
841 		case 0x1f:	/* rev DH-D0 (Winchester/Victoria) */
842 		case 0x2c:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 */
843 		case 0x2f:	/* rev DH-E3/E6 (Venice/Palermo) */
844 		case 0x4f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
845 		case 0x5f:	/* rev DH-F2 (Orleans/Manila) */
846 		case 0x6f:	/* rev DH-G1 */
847 			return "Athlon 64 or Sempron";
848 		default:
849 			break;
850 		}
851 		return "Unknown AMD64 CPU";
852 
853 #if 0
854 	case 16:
855 		return "Family 10h";
856 	case 17:
857 		return "Family 11h";
858 	case 18:
859 		return "Family 12h";
860 	case 19:
861 		return "Family 14h";
862 	case 20:
863 		return "Family 15h";
864 #endif
865 
866 	default:
867 		break;
868 	}
869 
870 	snprintf(family_str, sizeof family_str, "Family %xh", ci->ci_family);
871 	return family_str;
872 }
873 
874 static void
875 intel_family_new_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
876 {
877 	uint32_t descs[4];
878 
879 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
880 
881 	/*
882 	 * Determine extended feature flags.
883 	 */
884 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
885 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
886 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
887 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] |= descs[2];
888 	}
889 }
890 
891 static void
892 via_cpu_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
893 {
894 	u_int stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
895 	u_int descs[4];
896 	u_int lfunc;
897 
898 	/*
899 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
900 	 */
901 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
902 	lfunc = descs[0];
903 
904 	/*
905 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
906 	 */
907 	if (lfunc >= 0x80000001) {
908 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
909 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3];
910 	}
911 
912 	if (ci->ci_model < 0x9 || (ci->ci_model == 0x9 && stepping < 3))
913 		return;
914 
915 	/* Nehemiah or Esther */
916 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000000, descs);
917 	lfunc = descs[0];
918 	if (lfunc < 0xc0000001)	/* no ACE, no RNG */
919 		return;
920 
921 	x86_cpuid(0xc0000001, descs);
922 	lfunc = descs[3];
923 	ci->ci_feat_val[4] = lfunc;
924 }
925 
926 static void
927 amd_family6_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
928 {
929 	uint32_t descs[4];
930 	char *p;
931 	size_t i;
932 
933 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
934 
935 	/*
936 	 * Determine the extended feature flags.
937 	 */
938 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000001) {
939 		x86_cpuid(0x80000001, descs);
940 		ci->ci_feat_val[2] |= descs[3]; /* %edx */
941 		ci->ci_feat_val[3] = descs[2]; /* %ecx */
942 	}
943 
944 	if (*cpu_brand_string == '\0')
945 		return;
946 
947 	for (i = 1; i < __arraycount(amd_brand); i++)
948 		if ((p = strstr(cpu_brand_string, amd_brand[i])) != NULL) {
949 			ci->ci_brand_id = i;
950 			strlcpy(amd_brand_name, p, sizeof(amd_brand_name));
951 			break;
952 		}
953 }
954 
955 /*
956  * Get cache info from one of the following:
957  *	Intel Deterministic Cache Parameter Leaf (0x04)
958  *	AMD Cache Topology Information Leaf (0x8000001d)
959  */
960 static void
961 cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci, uint32_t leaf)
962 {
963 	u_int descs[4];
964 	int type, level, ways, partitions, linesize, sets, totalsize;
965 	int caitype = -1;
966 	int i;
967 
968 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
969 		x86_cpuid2(leaf, i, descs);
970 		type = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE);
971 		if (type == CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE_N)
972 			break;
973 		level = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_DCP_CACHELEVEL);
974 		switch (level) {
975 		case 1:
976 			if (type == CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE_I)
977 				caitype = CAI_ICACHE;
978 			else if (type == CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE_D)
979 				caitype = CAI_DCACHE;
980 			else
981 				caitype = -1;
982 			break;
983 		case 2:
984 			if (type == CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE_U)
985 				caitype = CAI_L2CACHE;
986 			else
987 				caitype = -1;
988 			break;
989 		case 3:
990 			if (type == CPUID_DCP_CACHETYPE_U)
991 				caitype = CAI_L3CACHE;
992 			else
993 				caitype = -1;
994 			break;
995 		default:
996 			caitype = -1;
997 			break;
998 		}
999 		if (caitype == -1) {
1000 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1001 			    "error: unknown cache level&type (%d & %d)\n",
1002 			    level, type);
1003 			continue;
1004 		}
1005 		ways = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DCP_WAYS) + 1;
1006 		partitions =__SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DCP_PARTITIONS)
1007 		    + 1;
1008 		linesize = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DCP_LINESIZE)
1009 		    + 1;
1010 		sets = descs[2] + 1;
1011 		totalsize = ways * partitions * linesize * sets;
1012 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_totalsize = totalsize;
1013 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_associativity = ways;
1014 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_linesize = linesize;
1015 	}
1016 }
1017 
1018 static void
1019 intel_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1020 {
1021 	const struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1022 	u_int descs[4];
1023 	int iterations, i, j;
1024 	int type, level, ways, linesize, sets;
1025 	int caitype = -1;
1026 	uint8_t desc;
1027 
1028 	/* Return if the cpu is old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1029 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0)
1030 		return;
1031 
1032 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 2)
1033 		return;
1034 
1035 	/*
1036 	 * Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 2', if we have it.
1037 	 * XXX This is kinda ugly, but hey, so is the architecture...
1038 	 */
1039 	x86_cpuid(2, descs);
1040 	iterations = descs[0] & 0xff;
1041 	while (iterations-- > 0) {
1042 		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1043 			if (descs[i] & 0x80000000)
1044 				continue;
1045 			for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
1046 				/*
1047 				 * The least significant byte in EAX
1048 				 * ((desc[0] >> 0) & 0xff) is always 0x01 and
1049 				 * it should be ignored.
1050 				 */
1051 				if (i == 0 && j == 0)
1052 					continue;
1053 				desc = (descs[i] >> (j * 8)) & 0xff;
1054 				if (desc == 0)
1055 					continue;
1056 				cai = cache_info_lookup(intel_cpuid_cache_info,
1057 				    desc);
1058 				if (cai != NULL)
1059 					ci->ci_cinfo[cai->cai_index] = *cai;
1060 				else if ((verbose != 0) && (desc != 0xff)
1061 				    && (desc != 0xfe))
1062 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev, "error:"
1063 					    " Unknown cacheinfo desc %02x\n",
1064 					    desc);
1065 			}
1066 		}
1067 		x86_cpuid(2, descs);
1068 	}
1069 
1070 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 4)
1071 		return;
1072 
1073 	/* Parse the cache info from `cpuid leaf 4', if we have it. */
1074 	cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 4);
1075 
1076 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x18)
1077 		return;
1078 	/* Parse the TLB info from `cpuid leaf 18H', if we have it. */
1079 	x86_cpuid(0x18, descs);
1080 	iterations = descs[0];
1081 	for (i = 0; i <= iterations; i++) {
1082 		uint32_t pgsize;
1083 		bool full;
1084 
1085 		x86_cpuid2(0x18, i, descs);
1086 		type = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE);
1087 		if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_N)
1088 			continue;
1089 		level = __SHIFTOUT(descs[3], CPUID_DATP_TCLEVEL);
1090 		pgsize = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE);
1091 		switch (level) {
1092 		case 1:
1093 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I) {
1094 				switch (pgsize) {
1095 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1096 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1097 					break;
1098 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1099 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1100 					caitype = CAI_ITLB2;
1101 					break;
1102 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1103 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBITLB;
1104 					break;
1105 				default:
1106 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1107 					    "error: unknown ITLB size (%d)\n",
1108 					    pgsize);
1109 					caitype = CAI_ITLB;
1110 					break;
1111 				}
1112 			} else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D) {
1113 				switch (pgsize) {
1114 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1115 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1116 					break;
1117 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1118 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1119 					caitype = CAI_DTLB2;
1120 					break;
1121 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1122 					caitype = CAI_L1_1GBDTLB;
1123 					break;
1124 				default:
1125 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1126 					    "error: unknown DTLB size (%d)\n",
1127 					    pgsize);
1128 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1129 					break;
1130 				}
1131 			} else
1132 				caitype = -1;
1133 			break;
1134 		case 2:
1135 			if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_I)
1136 				caitype = CAI_L2_ITLB;
1137 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_D)
1138 				caitype = CAI_L2_DTLB;
1139 			else if (type == CPUID_DATP_TCTYPE_U) {
1140 				switch (pgsize) {
1141 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1142 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB;
1143 					break;
1144 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB
1145 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB:
1146 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB2;
1147 					break;
1148 				case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB
1149 				    | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1150 					caitype = CAI_L2_STLB3;
1151 					break;
1152 				default:
1153 					aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1154 					    "error: unknown L2 STLB size (%d)\n",
1155 					    pgsize);
1156 					caitype = CAI_DTLB;
1157 					break;
1158 				}
1159 			} else
1160 				caitype = -1;
1161 			break;
1162 		case 3:
1163 			/* XXX need work for L3 TLB */
1164 			caitype = CAI_L3CACHE;
1165 			break;
1166 		default:
1167 			caitype = -1;
1168 			break;
1169 		}
1170 		if (caitype == -1) {
1171 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1172 			    "error: unknown TLB level&type (%d & %d)\n",
1173 			    level, type);
1174 			continue;
1175 		}
1176 		switch (pgsize) {
1177 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4KB:
1178 			linesize = 4 * 1024;
1179 			break;
1180 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB:
1181 			linesize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1182 			break;
1183 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1184 			linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1185 			break;
1186 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_1GB:
1187 			linesize = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
1188 			break;
1189 		case CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_2MB | CPUID_DATP_PGSIZE_4MB:
1190 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1191 			    "WARINING: Currently 2M/4M info can't print correctly\n");
1192 			linesize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
1193 			break;
1194 		default:
1195 			aprint_error_dev(ci->ci_dev,
1196 			    "error: Unknown size combination\n");
1197 			linesize = 4 * 1024;
1198 			break;
1199 		}
1200 		ways = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_DATP_WAYS);
1201 		sets = descs[2];
1202 		full = descs[3] & CPUID_DATP_FULLASSOC;
1203 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_totalsize
1204 		    = ways * sets; /* entries */
1205 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_associativity
1206 		    = full ? 0xff : ways;
1207 		ci->ci_cinfo[caitype].cai_linesize = linesize; /* pg size */
1208 	}
1209 }
1210 
1211 static const struct x86_cache_info amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info[] =
1212     AMD_L2L3CACHE_INFO;
1213 
1214 static void
1215 amd_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1216 {
1217 	const struct x86_cache_info *cp;
1218 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1219 	u_int descs[4];
1220 	u_int lfunc;
1221 
1222 	/* K5 model 0 has none of this info. */
1223 	if (ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model == 0)
1224 		return;
1225 
1226 	/* Determine the largest extended function value. */
1227 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1228 	lfunc = descs[0];
1229 
1230 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005)
1231 		return;
1232 
1233 	/* Determine L1 cache/TLB info. */
1234 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1235 
1236 	/* K6-III and higher have large page TLBs. */
1237 	if ((ci->ci_family == 5 && ci->ci_model >= 9) || ci->ci_family >= 6) {
1238 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB2];
1239 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1240 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1241 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1242 
1243 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB2];
1244 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1245 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1246 		cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1250 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1251 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1252 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1253 
1254 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1255 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1256 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1257 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1258 
1259 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1260 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1261 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1262 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_ECX_DC_LS(descs[2]);
1263 
1264 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1265 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1266 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1267 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1268 
1269 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006)
1270 		return;
1271 
1272 	/* Determine L2 cache/TLB info. */
1273 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1274 
1275 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB];
1276 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1277 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1278 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1279 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1280 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1281 	if (cp != NULL)
1282 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1283 	else
1284 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1285 
1286 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB2];
1287 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1288 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1289 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1290 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1291 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1292 	if (cp != NULL)
1293 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1294 	else
1295 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1296 
1297 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB];
1298 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1299 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1300 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1301 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1302 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1303 	if (cp != NULL)
1304 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1305 	else
1306 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1307 
1308 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB2];
1309 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1310 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1311 	cai->cai_linesize = largepagesize;
1312 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1313 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1314 	if (cp != NULL)
1315 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1316 	else
1317 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1318 
1319 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1320 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1321 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1322 	cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1323 
1324 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1325 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1326 	if (cp != NULL)
1327 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1328 	else
1329 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1330 
1331 	/* Determine L3 cache info on AMD Family 10h and newer processors */
1332 	if (ci->ci_family >= 0x10) {
1333 		cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE];
1334 		cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_SIZE(descs[3]);
1335 		cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L3_EDX_C_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1336 		cai->cai_linesize = AMD_L3_EDX_C_LS(descs[3]);
1337 
1338 		cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1339 		    cai->cai_associativity);
1340 		if (cp != NULL)
1341 			cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1342 		else
1343 			cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unkn/Rsvd */
1344 	}
1345 
1346 	if (lfunc < 0x80000019)
1347 		return;
1348 
1349 	/* Determine 1GB TLB info. */
1350 	x86_cpuid(0x80000019, descs);
1351 
1352 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBITLB];
1353 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1354 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1355 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1356 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1357 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1358 	if (cp != NULL)
1359 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1360 	else
1361 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1362 
1363 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBDTLB];
1364 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[0]);
1365 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L1_1GB_EAX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[0]);
1366 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1367 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1368 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1369 	if (cp != NULL)
1370 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1371 	else
1372 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1373 
1374 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBITLB];
1375 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1376 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_IUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1377 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1378 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1379 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1380 	if (cp != NULL)
1381 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1382 	else
1383 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1384 
1385 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBDTLB];
1386 	cai->cai_totalsize = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1387 	cai->cai_associativity = AMD_L2_1GB_EBX_DUTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1388 	cai->cai_linesize = (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
1389 	cp = cache_info_lookup(amd_cpuid_l2l3cache_assoc_info,
1390 	    cai->cai_associativity);
1391 	if (cp != NULL)
1392 		cai->cai_associativity = cp->cai_associativity;
1393 	else
1394 		cai->cai_associativity = 0;	/* XXX Unknown/reserved */
1395 
1396 	if (lfunc < 0x8000001d)
1397 		return;
1398 
1399 	if (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_TOPOEXT)
1400 		cpu_dcp_cacheinfo(ci, 0x8000001d);
1401 }
1402 
1403 static void
1404 via_cpu_cacheinfo(struct cpu_info *ci)
1405 {
1406 	struct x86_cache_info *cai;
1407 	int stepping;
1408 	u_int descs[4];
1409 	u_int lfunc;
1410 
1411 	stepping = CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature);
1412 
1413 	/*
1414 	 * Determine the largest extended function value.
1415 	 */
1416 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1417 	lfunc = descs[0];
1418 
1419 	/*
1420 	 * Determine L1 cache/TLB info.
1421 	 */
1422 	if (lfunc < 0x80000005) {
1423 		/* No L1 cache info available. */
1424 		return;
1425 	}
1426 
1427 	x86_cpuid(0x80000005, descs);
1428 
1429 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB];
1430 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1431 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_ITLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1432 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1433 
1434 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB];
1435 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ENTRIES(descs[1]);
1436 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EBX_DTLB_ASSOC(descs[1]);
1437 	cai->cai_linesize = (4 * 1024);
1438 
1439 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE];
1440 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_SIZE(descs[2]);
1441 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_ECX_DC_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1442 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[2]);
1443 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1444 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1445 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1446 	}
1447 
1448 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE];
1449 	cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_SIZE(descs[3]);
1450 	cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_ASSOC(descs[3]);
1451 	cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L1_EDX_IC_LS(descs[3]);
1452 	if (ci->ci_model == 9 && stepping == 8) {
1453 		/* Erratum: stepping 8 reports 4 when it should be 2 */
1454 		cai->cai_associativity = 2;
1455 	}
1456 
1457 	/*
1458 	 * Determine L2 cache/TLB info.
1459 	 */
1460 	if (lfunc < 0x80000006) {
1461 		/* No L2 cache info available. */
1462 		return;
1463 	}
1464 
1465 	x86_cpuid(0x80000006, descs);
1466 
1467 	cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE];
1468 	if (ci->ci_model >= 9) {
1469 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1470 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1471 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2N_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1472 	} else {
1473 		cai->cai_totalsize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_SIZE(descs[2]);
1474 		cai->cai_associativity = VIA_L2_ECX_C_ASSOC(descs[2]);
1475 		cai->cai_linesize = VIA_L2_ECX_C_LS(descs[2]);
1476 	}
1477 }
1478 
1479 static void
1480 tmx86_get_longrun_status(u_int *frequency, u_int *voltage, u_int *percentage)
1481 {
1482 	u_int descs[4];
1483 
1484 	x86_cpuid(0x80860007, descs);
1485 	*frequency = descs[0];
1486 	*voltage = descs[1];
1487 	*percentage = descs[2];
1488 }
1489 
1490 static void
1491 transmeta_cpu_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
1492 {
1493 	u_int descs[4], nreg;
1494 	u_int frequency, voltage, percentage;
1495 
1496 	x86_cpuid(0x80860000, descs);
1497 	nreg = descs[0];
1498 	if (nreg >= 0x80860001) {
1499 		x86_cpuid(0x80860001, descs);
1500 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Processor revision %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
1501 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1502 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1503 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1504 		    descs[1] & 0xff);
1505 	}
1506 	if (nreg >= 0x80860002) {
1507 		x86_cpuid(0x80860002, descs);
1508 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Code Morphing Software Rev: %u.%u.%u-%u-%u\n",
1509 		    (descs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
1510 		    (descs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
1511 		    (descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
1512 		    descs[1] & 0xff,
1513 		    descs[2]);
1514 	}
1515 	if (nreg >= 0x80860006) {
1516 		union {
1517 			char text[65];
1518 			u_int descs[4][4];
1519 		} info;
1520 		int i;
1521 
1522 		for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
1523 			x86_cpuid(0x80860003 + i, info.descs[i]);
1524 		}
1525 		info.text[64] = '\0';
1526 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%s\n", info.text);
1527 	}
1528 
1529 	if (nreg >= 0x80860007) {
1530 		tmx86_get_longrun_status(&frequency,
1531 		    &voltage, &percentage);
1532 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "LongRun <%dMHz %dmV %d%%>\n",
1533 		    frequency, voltage, percentage);
1534 	}
1535 }
1536 
1537 static void
1538 cpu_probe_base_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1539 {
1540 	u_int descs[4];
1541 	int i;
1542 	uint32_t brand[12];
1543 
1544 	memset(ci, 0, sizeof(*ci));
1545 	ci->ci_dev = cpuname;
1546 
1547 	ci->ci_cpu_type = x86_identify();
1548 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
1549 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
1550 		ci->ci_max_cpuid = -1;
1551 		return;
1552 	}
1553 
1554 	/*
1555 	 * This CPU supports cpuid instruction, so we can call x86_cpuid()
1556 	 * function.
1557 	 */
1558 
1559 	/*
1560 	 * Fn0000_0000:
1561 	 * - Save cpuid max level.
1562 	 * - Save vendor string.
1563 	 */
1564 	x86_cpuid(0, descs);
1565 	ci->ci_max_cpuid = descs[0];
1566 	/* Save vendor string */
1567 	ci->ci_vendor[0] = descs[1];
1568 	ci->ci_vendor[2] = descs[2];
1569 	ci->ci_vendor[1] = descs[3];
1570 	ci->ci_vendor[3] = 0;
1571 
1572 	/*
1573 	 * Fn8000_0000:
1574 	 * - Get cpuid extended function's max level.
1575 	 */
1576 	x86_cpuid(0x80000000, descs);
1577 	if (descs[0] >= 0x80000000)
1578 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = descs[0];
1579 	else {
1580 		/* Set lower value than 0x80000000 */
1581 		ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid = 0;
1582 	}
1583 
1584 	/*
1585 	 * Fn8000_000[2-4]:
1586 	 * - Save brand string.
1587 	 */
1588 	if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000004) {
1589 		x86_cpuid(0x80000002, brand);
1590 		x86_cpuid(0x80000003, brand + 4);
1591 		x86_cpuid(0x80000004, brand + 8);
1592 		for (i = 0; i < 48; i++)
1593 			if (((char *) brand)[i] != ' ')
1594 				break;
1595 		memcpy(cpu_brand_string, ((char *) brand) + i, 48 - i);
1596 	}
1597 
1598 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1599 		return;
1600 
1601 	/*
1602 	 * Fn0000_0001:
1603 	 * - Get CPU family, model and stepping (from eax).
1604 	 * - Initial local APIC ID and brand ID (from ebx)
1605 	 * - CPUID2 (from ecx)
1606 	 * - CPUID (from edx)
1607 	 */
1608 	x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1609 	ci->ci_signature = descs[0];
1610 
1611 	/* Extract full family/model values */
1612 	ci->ci_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1613 	ci->ci_model = CPUID_TO_MODEL(ci->ci_signature);
1614 
1615 	/* Brand is low order 8 bits of ebx */
1616 	ci->ci_brand_id = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_BRAND_INDEX);
1617 	/* Initial local APIC ID */
1618 	ci->ci_initapicid = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_LOCAL_APIC_ID);
1619 
1620 	ci->ci_feat_val[1] = descs[2];
1621 	ci->ci_feat_val[0] = descs[3];
1622 
1623 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 3)
1624 		return;
1625 
1626 	/*
1627 	 * If the processor serial number misfeature is present and supported,
1628 	 * extract it here.
1629 	 */
1630 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN) != 0) {
1631 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] = ci->ci_signature;
1632 		x86_cpuid(3, descs);
1633 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] = descs[2];
1634 		ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] = descs[3];
1635 	}
1636 
1637 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0x7)
1638 		return;
1639 
1640 	x86_cpuid(7, descs);
1641 	ci->ci_feat_val[5] = descs[1];
1642 	ci->ci_feat_val[6] = descs[2];
1643 	ci->ci_feat_val[7] = descs[3];
1644 
1645 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0xd)
1646 		return;
1647 
1648 	/* Get support XCR0 bits */
1649 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 0, descs);
1650 	ci->ci_feat_val[8] = descs[0];	/* Actually 64 bits */
1651 	ci->ci_cur_xsave = descs[1];
1652 	ci->ci_max_xsave = descs[2];
1653 
1654 	/* Additional flags (eg xsaveopt support) */
1655 	x86_cpuid2(0xd, 1, descs);
1656 	ci->ci_feat_val[9] = descs[0];	 /* Actually 64 bits */
1657 }
1658 
1659 static void
1660 cpu_probe_hv_features(struct cpu_info *ci, const char *cpuname)
1661 {
1662 	uint32_t descs[4];
1663 	char hv_sig[13];
1664 	char *p;
1665 	const char *hv_name;
1666 	int i;
1667 
1668 	/*
1669 	 * [RFC] CPUID usage for interaction between Hypervisors and Linux.
1670 	 * http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/10/1/246
1671 	 *
1672 	 * KB1009458: Mechanisms to determine if software is running in
1673 	 * a VMware virtual machine
1674 	 * http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1009458
1675 	 */
1676 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
1677 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
1678 		for (i = 1, p = hv_sig; i < 4; i++, p += sizeof(descs) / 4)
1679 			memcpy(p, &descs[i], sizeof(descs[i]));
1680 		*p = '\0';
1681 		/*
1682 		 * HV vendor	ID string
1683 		 * ------------+--------------
1684 		 * HAXM		"HAXMHAXMHAXM"
1685 		 * KVM		"KVMKVMKVM"
1686 		 * Microsoft	"Microsoft Hv"
1687 		 * QEMU(TCG)	"TCGTCGTCGTCG"
1688 		 * VMware	"VMwareVMware"
1689 		 * Xen		"XenVMMXenVMM"
1690 		 * NetBSD	"___ NVMM ___"
1691 		 */
1692 		if (strncmp(hv_sig, "HAXMHAXMHAXM", 12) == 0)
1693 			hv_name = "HAXM";
1694 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "KVMKVMKVM", 9) == 0)
1695 			hv_name = "KVM";
1696 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "Microsoft Hv", 12) == 0)
1697 			hv_name = "Hyper-V";
1698 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "TCGTCGTCGTCG", 12) == 0)
1699 			hv_name = "QEMU(TCG)";
1700 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "VMwareVMware", 12) == 0)
1701 			hv_name = "VMware";
1702 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "XenVMMXenVMM", 12) == 0)
1703 			hv_name = "Xen";
1704 		else if (strncmp(hv_sig, "___ NVMM ___", 12) == 0)
1705 			hv_name = "NVMM";
1706 		else
1707 			hv_name = "unknown";
1708 
1709 		printf("%s: Running on hypervisor: %s\n", cpuname, hv_name);
1710 	}
1711 }
1712 
1713 static void
1714 cpu_probe_features(struct cpu_info *ci)
1715 {
1716 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1717 	unsigned int i;
1718 
1719 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 1)
1720 		return;
1721 
1722 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
1723 		if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
1724 		    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
1725 			cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
1726 			break;
1727 		}
1728 	}
1729 
1730 	if (cpup == NULL)
1731 		return;
1732 
1733 	i = ci->ci_family - CPU_MINFAMILY;
1734 
1735 	if (i >= __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family))
1736 		i = __arraycount(cpup->cpu_family) - 1;
1737 
1738 	if (cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe == NULL)
1739 		return;
1740 
1741 	(*cpup->cpu_family[i].cpu_probe)(ci);
1742 }
1743 
1744 static void
1745 print_bits(const char *cpuname, const char *hdr, const char *fmt, uint32_t val)
1746 {
1747 	char buf[32 * 16];
1748 	char *bp;
1749 
1750 #define	MAX_LINE_LEN	79	/* get from command arg or 'stty cols' ? */
1751 
1752 	if (val == 0 || fmt == NULL)
1753 		return;
1754 
1755 	snprintb_m(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, val,
1756 	    MAX_LINE_LEN - strlen(cpuname) - 2 - strlen(hdr) - 1);
1757 	bp = buf;
1758 	while (*bp != '\0') {
1759 		aprint_verbose("%s: %s %s\n", cpuname, hdr, bp);
1760 		bp += strlen(bp) + 1;
1761 	}
1762 }
1763 
1764 static void
1765 dump_descs(uint32_t leafstart, uint32_t leafend, const char *cpuname,
1766     const char *blockname)
1767 {
1768 	uint32_t descs[4];
1769 	uint32_t leaf;
1770 
1771 	aprint_verbose("%s: highest %s info %08x\n", cpuname, blockname,
1772 	    leafend);
1773 
1774 	if (verbose) {
1775 		for (leaf = leafstart; leaf <= leafend; leaf++) {
1776 			x86_cpuid(leaf, descs);
1777 			printf("%s: %08x: %08x %08x %08x %08x\n", cpuname,
1778 			    leaf, descs[0], descs[1], descs[2], descs[3]);
1779 		}
1780 	}
1781 }
1782 
1783 static void
1784 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(struct cpu_info *ci)
1785 {
1786 	u_int lp_max = 1;	/* logical processors per package */
1787 	u_int smt_max;		/* smt per core */
1788 	u_int core_max = 1;	/* core per package */
1789 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits;
1790 	uint32_t descs[4];
1791 
1792 	/*
1793 	 * 253668.pdf 7.10.2
1794 	 */
1795 
1796 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1797 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1798 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1799 	}
1800 	x86_cpuid2(4, 0, descs);
1801 	core_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_DCP_CORE_P_PKG) + 1;
1802 
1803 	assert(lp_max >= core_max);
1804 	smt_max = lp_max / core_max;
1805 	smt_bits = ilog2(smt_max - 1) + 1;
1806 	core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1807 
1808 	if (smt_bits + core_bits)
1809 		ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> (smt_bits + core_bits);
1810 
1811 	if (core_bits)
1812 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1813 		    __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1));
1814 
1815 	if (smt_bits)
1816 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1817 		    __BITS((int)0, (int)(smt_bits - 1)));
1818 }
1819 
1820 static void
1821 identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(struct cpu_info *ci)
1822 {
1823 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1824 	u_int smt_bits, core_bits, core_shift = 0, pkg_shift = 0;
1825 	uint32_t descs[4];
1826 	int i;
1827 
1828 	x86_cpuid(0x0b, descs);
1829 	if (descs[1] == 0) {
1830 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1831 		return;
1832 	}
1833 
1834 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
1835 		unsigned int shiftnum, lvltype;
1836 		x86_cpuid2(0x0b, i, descs);
1837 
1838 		/* On invalid level, (EAX and) EBX return 0 */
1839 		if (descs[1] == 0)
1840 			break;
1841 
1842 		shiftnum = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_TOP_SHIFTNUM);
1843 		lvltype = __SHIFTOUT(descs[2], CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE);
1844 		switch (lvltype) {
1845 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_SMT:
1846 			core_shift = shiftnum;
1847 			break;
1848 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_CORE:
1849 			pkg_shift = shiftnum;
1850 			break;
1851 		case CPUID_TOP_LVLTYPE_INVAL:
1852 			aprint_verbose("%s: Invalid level type\n", cpuname);
1853 			break;
1854 		default:
1855 			aprint_verbose("%s: Unknown level type(%d) \n",
1856 			    cpuname, lvltype);
1857 			break;
1858 		}
1859 	}
1860 
1861 	assert(pkg_shift >= core_shift);
1862 	smt_bits = core_shift;
1863 	core_bits = pkg_shift - core_shift;
1864 
1865 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid >> pkg_shift;
1866 
1867 	if (core_bits)
1868 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1869 		    __BITS(core_shift, pkg_shift - 1));
1870 
1871 	if (smt_bits)
1872 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(ci->ci_initapicid,
1873 		    __BITS((int)0, core_shift - 1));
1874 }
1875 
1876 static void
1877 identifycpu_cpuids_intel(struct cpu_info *ci)
1878 {
1879 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1880 
1881 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 0x0b)
1882 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x0b(ci);
1883 	else if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 4)
1884 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel_0x04(ci);
1885 
1886 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1887 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1888 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1889 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1890 }
1891 
1892 static void
1893 identifycpu_cpuids_amd(struct cpu_info *ci)
1894 {
1895 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1896 	u_int lp_max, core_max;
1897 	int n, cpu_family, apic_id, smt_bits, core_bits = 0;
1898 	uint32_t descs[4];
1899 
1900 	apic_id = ci->ci_initapicid;
1901 	cpu_family = CPUID_TO_FAMILY(ci->ci_signature);
1902 
1903 	if (cpu_family < 0xf)
1904 		return;
1905 
1906 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_HTT) != 0) {
1907 		x86_cpuid(1, descs);
1908 		lp_max = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_HTT_CORES);
1909 
1910 		if (cpu_family >= 0x10 && ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000008) {
1911 			x86_cpuid(0x8000008, descs);
1912 			core_max = (descs[2] & 0xff) + 1;
1913 			n = (descs[2] >> 12) & 0x0f;
1914 			if (n != 0)
1915 				core_bits = n;
1916 		}
1917 	} else {
1918 		lp_max = 1;
1919 	}
1920 	core_max = lp_max;
1921 
1922 	smt_bits = ilog2((lp_max / core_max) - 1) + 1;
1923 	if (core_bits == 0)
1924 		core_bits = ilog2(core_max - 1) + 1;
1925 
1926 #if 0 /* MSRs need kernel mode */
1927 	if (cpu_family < 0x11) {
1928 		const uint64_t reg = rdmsr(MSR_NB_CFG);
1929 		if ((reg & NB_CFG_INITAPICCPUIDLO) == 0) {
1930 			const u_int node_id = apic_id & __BITS(0, 2);
1931 			apic_id = (cpu_family == 0xf) ?
1932 				(apic_id >> core_bits) | (node_id << core_bits) :
1933 				(apic_id >> 5) | (node_id << 2);
1934 		}
1935 	}
1936 #endif
1937 
1938 	if (cpu_family == 0x17) {
1939 		x86_cpuid(0x8000001e, descs);
1940 		const u_int threads = ((descs[1] >> 8) & 0xff) + 1;
1941 		smt_bits = ilog2(threads);
1942 		core_bits -= smt_bits;
1943 	}
1944 
1945 	if (smt_bits + core_bits) {
1946 		if (smt_bits + core_bits < 32)
1947 			ci->ci_packageid = 0;
1948 	}
1949 	if (core_bits) {
1950 		u_int core_mask = __BITS(smt_bits, smt_bits + core_bits - 1);
1951 		ci->ci_coreid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, core_mask);
1952 	}
1953 	if (smt_bits) {
1954 		u_int smt_mask = __BITS(0, smt_bits - 1);
1955 		ci->ci_smtid = __SHIFTOUT(apic_id, smt_mask);
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	aprint_verbose("%s: Cluster/Package ID %u\n", cpuname,
1959 	    ci->ci_packageid);
1960 	aprint_verbose("%s: Core ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_coreid);
1961 	aprint_verbose("%s: SMT ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_smtid);
1962 }
1963 
1964 static void
1965 identifycpu_cpuids(struct cpu_info *ci)
1966 {
1967 	const char *cpuname = ci->ci_dev;
1968 
1969 	aprint_verbose("%s: Initial APIC ID %u\n", cpuname, ci->ci_initapicid);
1970 	ci->ci_packageid = ci->ci_initapicid;
1971 	ci->ci_coreid = 0;
1972 	ci->ci_smtid = 0;
1973 
1974 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
1975 		identifycpu_cpuids_intel(ci);
1976 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
1977 		identifycpu_cpuids_amd(ci);
1978 }
1979 
1980 void
1981 identifycpu(int fd, const char *cpuname)
1982 {
1983 	const char *name = "", *modifier, *vendorname, *brand = "";
1984 	int class = CPUCLASS_386;
1985 	unsigned int i;
1986 	int modif, family;
1987 	const struct cpu_cpuid_nameclass *cpup = NULL;
1988 	const struct cpu_cpuid_family *cpufam;
1989 	struct cpu_info *ci, cistore;
1990 	u_int descs[4];
1991 	size_t sz;
1992 	struct cpu_ucode_version ucode;
1993 	union {
1994 		struct cpu_ucode_version_amd amd;
1995 		struct cpu_ucode_version_intel1 intel1;
1996 	} ucvers;
1997 
1998 	ci = &cistore;
1999 	cpu_probe_base_features(ci, cpuname);
2000 	dump_descs(0x00000000, ci->ci_max_cpuid, cpuname, "basic");
2001 	if ((ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_RAZ) != 0) {
2002 		x86_cpuid(0x40000000, descs);
2003 		dump_descs(0x40000000, descs[0], cpuname, "hypervisor");
2004 	}
2005 	dump_descs(0x80000000, ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid, cpuname, "extended");
2006 
2007 	cpu_probe_hv_features(ci, cpuname);
2008 	cpu_probe_features(ci);
2009 
2010 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= 0) {
2011 		/* Old pre-cpuid instruction cpu */
2012 		if (ci->ci_cpu_type >= (int)__arraycount(i386_nocpuid_cpus))
2013 			errx(1, "unknown cpu type %d", ci->ci_cpu_type);
2014 		name = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_name;
2015 		cpu_vendor = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendor;
2016 		vendorname = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_vendorname;
2017 		class = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_class;
2018 		ci->ci_info = i386_nocpuid_cpus[ci->ci_cpu_type].cpu_info;
2019 		modifier = "";
2020 	} else {
2021 		/* CPU which support cpuid instruction */
2022 		modif = (ci->ci_signature >> 12) & 0x3;
2023 		family = ci->ci_family;
2024 		if (family < CPU_MINFAMILY)
2025 			errx(1, "identifycpu: strange family value");
2026 		if (family > CPU_MAXFAMILY)
2027 			family = CPU_MAXFAMILY;
2028 
2029 		for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(i386_cpuid_cpus); i++) {
2030 			if (!strncmp((char *)ci->ci_vendor,
2031 			    i386_cpuid_cpus[i].cpu_id, 12)) {
2032 				cpup = &i386_cpuid_cpus[i];
2033 				break;
2034 			}
2035 		}
2036 
2037 		if (cpup == NULL) {
2038 			cpu_vendor = CPUVENDOR_UNKNOWN;
2039 			if (ci->ci_vendor[0] != '\0')
2040 				vendorname = (char *)&ci->ci_vendor[0];
2041 			else
2042 				vendorname = "Unknown";
2043 			class = family - 3;
2044 			modifier = "";
2045 			name = "";
2046 			ci->ci_info = NULL;
2047 		} else {
2048 			cpu_vendor = cpup->cpu_vendor;
2049 			vendorname = cpup->cpu_vendorname;
2050 			modifier = modifiers[modif];
2051 			cpufam = &cpup->cpu_family[family - CPU_MINFAMILY];
2052 			name = cpufam->cpu_models[ci->ci_model];
2053 			if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
2054 				name = cpufam->cpu_model_default;
2055 			class = cpufam->cpu_class;
2056 			ci->ci_info = cpufam->cpu_info;
2057 
2058 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2059 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 5) {
2060 					const char *tmp;
2061 					tmp = intel_family6_name(ci);
2062 					if (tmp != NULL)
2063 						name = tmp;
2064 				}
2065 				if (ci->ci_family == 15 &&
2066 				    ci->ci_brand_id <
2067 				    __arraycount(i386_intel_brand) &&
2068 				    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id])
2069 					name =
2070 					    i386_intel_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2071 			}
2072 
2073 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2074 				if (ci->ci_family == 6 && ci->ci_model >= 6) {
2075 					if (ci->ci_brand_id == 1)
2076 						/*
2077 						 * It's Duron. We override the
2078 						 * name, since it might have
2079 						 * been misidentified as Athlon.
2080 						 */
2081 						name =
2082 						    amd_brand[ci->ci_brand_id];
2083 					else
2084 						brand = amd_brand_name;
2085 				}
2086 				if (CPUID_TO_BASEFAMILY(ci->ci_signature)
2087 				    == 0xf) {
2088 					/* Identify AMD64 CPU names.  */
2089 					const char *tmp;
2090 					tmp = amd_amd64_name(ci);
2091 					if (tmp != NULL)
2092 						name = tmp;
2093 				}
2094 			}
2095 
2096 			if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_IDT && ci->ci_family >= 6)
2097 				vendorname = "VIA";
2098 		}
2099 	}
2100 
2101 	ci->ci_cpu_class = class;
2102 
2103 	sz = sizeof(ci->ci_tsc_freq);
2104 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.tsc_freq", &ci->ci_tsc_freq, &sz, NULL, 0);
2105 	sz = sizeof(use_pae);
2106 	(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.pae", &use_pae, &sz, NULL, 0);
2107 	largepagesize = (use_pae ? 2 * 1024 * 1024 : 4 * 1024 * 1024);
2108 
2109 	/*
2110 	 * The 'cpu_brand_string' is much more useful than the 'cpu_model'
2111 	 * we try to determine from the family/model values.
2112 	 */
2113 	if (*cpu_brand_string != '\0')
2114 		aprint_normal("%s: \"%s\"\n", cpuname, cpu_brand_string);
2115 
2116 	aprint_normal("%s: %s", cpuname, vendorname);
2117 	if (*modifier)
2118 		aprint_normal(" %s", modifier);
2119 	if (*name)
2120 		aprint_normal(" %s", name);
2121 	if (*brand)
2122 		aprint_normal(" %s", brand);
2123 	aprint_normal(" (%s-class)", classnames[class]);
2124 
2125 	if (ci->ci_tsc_freq != 0)
2126 		aprint_normal(", %ju.%02ju MHz",
2127 		    ((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 1000000,
2128 		    (((uintmax_t)ci->ci_tsc_freq + 4999) / 10000) % 100);
2129 	aprint_normal("\n");
2130 
2131 	(void)cpu_tsc_freq_cpuid(ci);
2132 
2133 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "family %#x model %#x stepping %#x",
2134 	    ci->ci_family, ci->ci_model, CPUID_TO_STEPPING(ci->ci_signature));
2135 	if (ci->ci_signature != 0)
2136 		aprint_normal(" (id %#x)", ci->ci_signature);
2137 	aprint_normal("\n");
2138 
2139 	if (ci->ci_info)
2140 		(*ci->ci_info)(ci);
2141 
2142 	/*
2143 	 * display CPU feature flags
2144 	 */
2145 
2146 	print_bits(cpuname, "features", CPUID_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[0]);
2147 	print_bits(cpuname, "features1", CPUID2_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[1]);
2148 
2149 	/* These next two are actually common definitions! */
2150 	print_bits(cpuname, "features2",
2151 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_EXT_FLAGS
2152 		: CPUID_EXT_FLAGS, ci->ci_feat_val[2]);
2153 	print_bits(cpuname, "features3",
2154 	    cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL ? CPUID_INTEL_FLAGS4
2155 		: CPUID_AMD_FLAGS4, ci->ci_feat_val[3]);
2156 
2157 	print_bits(cpuname, "padloack features", CPUID_FLAGS_PADLOCK,
2158 	    ci->ci_feat_val[4]);
2159 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2160 		print_bits(cpuname, "features5", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS,
2161 		    ci->ci_feat_val[5]);
2162 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2163 		print_bits(cpuname, "features6", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS1,
2164 		    ci->ci_feat_val[6]);
2165 
2166 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2167 		print_bits(cpuname, "features7", CPUID_SEF_FLAGS2,
2168 		    ci->ci_feat_val[7]);
2169 
2170 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave features", XCR0_FLAGS1, ci->ci_feat_val[8]);
2171 	print_bits(cpuname, "xsave instructions", CPUID_PES1_FLAGS,
2172 	    ci->ci_feat_val[9]);
2173 
2174 	if (ci->ci_max_xsave != 0) {
2175 		aprint_normal("%s: xsave area size: current %d, maximum %d",
2176 		    cpuname, ci->ci_cur_xsave, ci->ci_max_xsave);
2177 		aprint_normal(", xgetbv %sabled\n",
2178 		    ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE ? "en" : "dis");
2179 		if (ci->ci_feat_val[1] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE)
2180 			print_bits(cpuname, "enabled xsave", XCR0_FLAGS1,
2181 			    x86_xgetbv());
2182 	}
2183 
2184 	x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(ci);
2185 
2186 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 3 && (ci->ci_feat_val[0] & CPUID_PSN)) {
2187 		aprint_verbose("%s: serial number %04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X-%04X\n",
2188 		    cpuname,
2189 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[0] % 65536,
2190 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[1] % 65536,
2191 		    ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] / 65536, ci->ci_cpu_serial[2] % 65536);
2192 	}
2193 
2194 	if (ci->ci_cpu_class == CPUCLASS_386)
2195 		errx(1, "NetBSD requires an 80486 or later processor");
2196 
2197 	if (ci->ci_cpu_type == CPU_486DLC) {
2198 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_WORKS
2199 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE UNCHANGED.\n");
2200 #else
2201 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_REALLY_WORKS
2202 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED IN HOLD-FLUSH MODE.\n");
2203 #else
2204 		aprint_error("WARNING: CYRIX 486DLC CACHE ENABLED.\n");
2205 #endif
2206 #endif
2207 	}
2208 
2209 	/*
2210 	 * Everything past this point requires a Pentium or later.
2211 	 */
2212 	if (ci->ci_max_cpuid < 0)
2213 		return;
2214 
2215 	identifycpu_cpuids(ci);
2216 
2217 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 5)
2218 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2219 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2220 		uint16_t lmin, lmax;
2221 		x86_cpuid(5, descs);
2222 
2223 		print_bits(cpuname, "MONITOR/MWAIT extensions",
2224 		    CPUID_MON_FLAGS, descs[2]);
2225 		lmin = __SHIFTOUT(descs[0], CPUID_MON_MINSIZE);
2226 		lmax = __SHIFTOUT(descs[1], CPUID_MON_MAXSIZE);
2227 		aprint_normal("%s: monitor-line size %hu", cpuname, lmin);
2228 		if (lmin != lmax)
2229 			aprint_normal("-%hu", lmax);
2230 		aprint_normal("\n");
2231 
2232 		for (i = 0; i <= 7; i++) {
2233 			unsigned int num = CPUID_MON_SUBSTATE(descs[3], i);
2234 
2235 			if (num != 0)
2236 				aprint_normal("%s: C%u substates %u\n",
2237 				    cpuname, i, num);
2238 		}
2239 	}
2240 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 6)
2241 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2242 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2243 		x86_cpuid(6, descs);
2244 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-eax", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2245 		print_bits(cpuname, "DSPM-ecx", CPUID_DSPM_FLAGS1, descs[2]);
2246 	}
2247 	if ((ci->ci_max_cpuid >= 7)
2248 	    && ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2249 		|| (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))) {
2250 		x86_cpuid(7, descs);
2251 		aprint_verbose("%s: SEF highest subleaf %08x\n",
2252 		    cpuname, descs[0]);
2253 	}
2254 
2255 	if ((cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) || (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD))
2256 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000007)
2257 			powernow_probe(ci);
2258 
2259 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD) {
2260 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x80000008) {
2261 			x86_cpuid(0x80000008, descs);
2262 			print_bits(cpuname, "AMD Extended features",
2263 			    CPUID_CAPEX_FLAGS, descs[1]);
2264 		}
2265 
2266 		if ((ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000000a)
2267 		    && (ci->ci_feat_val[3] & CPUID_SVM) != 0) {
2268 			x86_cpuid(0x8000000a, descs);
2269 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM Rev. %d\n", cpuname,
2270 			    descs[0] & 0xf);
2271 			aprint_verbose("%s: SVM NASID %d\n", cpuname,
2272 			    descs[1]);
2273 			print_bits(cpuname, "SVM features",
2274 			    CPUID_AMD_SVM_FLAGS, descs[3]);
2275 		}
2276 		if (ci->ci_max_ext_cpuid >= 0x8000001f) {
2277 			x86_cpuid(0x8000001f, descs);
2278 			print_bits(cpuname, "Encrypted Memory features",
2279 			    CPUID_AMD_ENCMEM_FLAGS, descs[0]);
2280 		}
2281 	} else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL) {
2282 		int32_t bi_index;
2283 
2284 		for (bi_index = 1; bi_index <= ci->ci_max_cpuid; bi_index++) {
2285 			x86_cpuid(bi_index, descs);
2286 			switch (bi_index) {
2287 			case 0x0a:
2288 				print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon-eax",
2289 				    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS0, descs[0]);
2290 				print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon-ebx",
2291 				    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS1, descs[1]);
2292 				print_bits(cpuname, "Perfmon-edx",
2293 				    CPUID_PERF_FLAGS3, descs[3]);
2294 				break;
2295 			default:
2296 #if 0
2297 				aprint_verbose("%s: basic %08x-eax %08x\n",
2298 				    cpuname, bi_index, descs[0]);
2299 				aprint_verbose("%s: basic %08x-ebx %08x\n",
2300 				    cpuname, bi_index, descs[1]);
2301 				aprint_verbose("%s: basic %08x-ecx %08x\n",
2302 				    cpuname, bi_index, descs[2]);
2303 				aprint_verbose("%s: basic %08x-edx %08x\n",
2304 				    cpuname, bi_index, descs[3]);
2305 #endif
2306 				break;
2307 			}
2308 		}
2309 	}
2310 
2311 #ifdef INTEL_ONDEMAND_CLOCKMOD
2312 	clockmod_init();
2313 #endif
2314 
2315 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2316 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2317 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2318 		ucode.loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2319 	else
2320 		return;
2321 
2322 	ucode.data = &ucvers;
2323 	if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &ucode) < 0) {
2324 #ifdef __i386__
2325 		struct cpu_ucode_version_64 ucode_64;
2326 		if (errno != ENOTTY)
2327 			return;
2328 		/* Try the 64 bit ioctl */
2329 		memset(&ucode_64, 0, sizeof ucode_64);
2330 		ucode_64.data = &ucvers;
2331 		ucode_64.loader_version = ucode.loader_version;
2332 		if (ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION_64, &ucode_64) < 0)
2333 			return;
2334 #else
2335 		return;
2336 #endif
2337 	}
2338 
2339 	if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_AMD)
2340 		printf("%s: UCode version: 0x%"PRIx64"\n", cpuname, ucvers.amd.version);
2341 	else if (cpu_vendor == CPUVENDOR_INTEL)
2342 		printf("%s: microcode version 0x%x, platform ID %d\n", cpuname,
2343 		    ucvers.intel1.ucodeversion, ucvers.intel1.platformid);
2344 }
2345 
2346 static const struct x86_cache_info *
2347 cache_info_lookup(const struct x86_cache_info *cai, uint8_t desc)
2348 {
2349 	int i;
2350 
2351 	for (i = 0; cai[i].cai_desc != 0; i++) {
2352 		if (cai[i].cai_desc == desc)
2353 			return (&cai[i]);
2354 	}
2355 
2356 	return (NULL);
2357 }
2358 
2359 static const char *
2360 print_cache_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2361     const char *sep)
2362 {
2363 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2364 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2365 
2366 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2367 		return sep;
2368 
2369 	if (sep == NULL)
2370 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2371 	else
2372 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2373 	if (name != NULL)
2374 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2375 
2376 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2377 		aprint_verbose("%s ", cai->cai_string);
2378 	} else {
2379 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2380 		    cai->cai_totalsize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2381 		aprint_verbose("%s %dB/line ", human_num, cai->cai_linesize);
2382 	}
2383 	switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2384 	case	0:
2385 		aprint_verbose("disabled");
2386 		break;
2387 	case	1:
2388 		aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2389 		break;
2390 	case 0xff:
2391 		aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2392 		break;
2393 	default:
2394 		aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2395 		break;
2396 	}
2397 	return ", ";
2398 }
2399 
2400 static const char *
2401 print_tlb_config(struct cpu_info *ci, int cache_tag, const char *name,
2402     const char *sep)
2403 {
2404 	struct x86_cache_info *cai = &ci->ci_cinfo[cache_tag];
2405 	char human_num[HUMAN_BUFSIZE];
2406 
2407 	if (cai->cai_totalsize == 0)
2408 		return sep;
2409 
2410 	if (sep == NULL)
2411 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "");
2412 	else
2413 		aprint_verbose("%s", sep);
2414 	if (name != NULL)
2415 		aprint_verbose("%s ", name);
2416 
2417 	if (cai->cai_string != NULL) {
2418 		aprint_verbose("%s", cai->cai_string);
2419 	} else {
2420 		(void)humanize_number(human_num, sizeof(human_num),
2421 		    cai->cai_linesize, "B", HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
2422 		aprint_verbose("%d %s entries ", cai->cai_totalsize,
2423 		    human_num);
2424 		switch (cai->cai_associativity) {
2425 		case 0:
2426 			aprint_verbose("disabled");
2427 			break;
2428 		case 1:
2429 			aprint_verbose("direct-mapped");
2430 			break;
2431 		case 0xff:
2432 			aprint_verbose("fully associative");
2433 			break;
2434 		default:
2435 			aprint_verbose("%d-way", cai->cai_associativity);
2436 			break;
2437 		}
2438 	}
2439 	return ", ";
2440 }
2441 
2442 static void
2443 x86_print_cache_and_tlb_info(struct cpu_info *ci)
2444 {
2445 	const char *sep = NULL;
2446 
2447 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ICACHE].cai_totalsize != 0 ||
2448 	    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DCACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2449 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_ICACHE, "I-cache", NULL);
2450 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_DCACHE, "D-cache", sep);
2451 		if (sep != NULL)
2452 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2453 	}
2454 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2455 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L2CACHE, "L2 cache", NULL);
2456 		if (sep != NULL)
2457 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2458 	}
2459 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L3CACHE].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2460 		sep = print_cache_config(ci, CAI_L3CACHE, "L3 cache", NULL);
2461 		if (sep != NULL)
2462 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2463 	}
2464 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize != 0) {
2465 		aprint_verbose_dev(ci->ci_dev, "%dB prefetching",
2466 		    ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_PREFETCH].cai_linesize);
2467 		if (sep != NULL)
2468 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2469 	}
2470 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_ITLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2471 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB, "ITLB", NULL);
2472 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_ITLB2, NULL, sep);
2473 		if (sep != NULL)
2474 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2475 	}
2476 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_DTLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2477 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB, "DTLB", NULL);
2478 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_DTLB2, NULL, sep);
2479 		if (sep != NULL)
2480 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2481 	}
2482 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_ITLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2483 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB, "L2 ITLB", NULL);
2484 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_ITLB2, NULL, sep);
2485 		if (sep != NULL)
2486 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2487 	}
2488 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_DTLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2489 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB, "L2 DTLB", NULL);
2490 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_DTLB2, NULL, sep);
2491 		if (sep != NULL)
2492 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2493 	}
2494 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_STLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2495 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB, "L2 STLB", NULL);
2496 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB2, NULL, sep);
2497 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_STLB3, NULL, sep);
2498 		if (sep != NULL)
2499 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2500 	}
2501 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBITLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2502 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBITLB, "L1 1GB page ITLB",
2503 		    NULL);
2504 		if (sep != NULL)
2505 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2506 	}
2507 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L1_1GBDTLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2508 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L1_1GBDTLB, "L1 1GB page DTLB",
2509 		    NULL);
2510 		if (sep != NULL)
2511 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2512 	}
2513 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBITLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2514 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBITLB, "L2 1GB page ITLB",
2515 		    NULL);
2516 		if (sep != NULL)
2517 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2518 	}
2519 	if (ci->ci_cinfo[CAI_L2_1GBDTLB].cai_totalsize != 0) {
2520 		sep = print_tlb_config(ci, CAI_L2_1GBDTLB, "L2 1GB page DTLB",
2521 		    NULL);
2522 		if (sep != NULL)
2523 			aprint_verbose("\n");
2524 	}
2525 }
2526 
2527 static void
2528 powernow_probe(struct cpu_info *ci)
2529 {
2530 	uint32_t regs[4];
2531 	char buf[256];
2532 
2533 	x86_cpuid(0x80000007, regs);
2534 
2535 	snprintb(buf, sizeof(buf), CPUID_APM_FLAGS, regs[3]);
2536 	aprint_normal_dev(ci->ci_dev, "Power Management features: %s\n", buf);
2537 }
2538 
2539 bool
2540 identifycpu_bind(void)
2541 {
2542 
2543 	return true;
2544 }
2545 
2546 int
2547 ucodeupdate_check(int fd, struct cpu_ucode *uc)
2548 {
2549 	struct cpu_info ci;
2550 	int loader_version, res;
2551 	struct cpu_ucode_version versreq;
2552 
2553 	cpu_probe_base_features(&ci, "unknown");
2554 
2555 	if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "AuthenticAMD"))
2556 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD;
2557 	else if (!strcmp((char *)ci.ci_vendor, "GenuineIntel"))
2558 		loader_version = CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1;
2559 	else
2560 		return -1;
2561 
2562 	/* check whether the kernel understands this loader version */
2563 	versreq.loader_version = loader_version;
2564 	versreq.data = 0;
2565 	res = ioctl(fd, IOC_CPU_UCODE_GET_VERSION, &versreq);
2566 	if (res)
2567 		return -1;
2568 
2569 	switch (loader_version) {
2570 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_AMD:
2571 		if (uc->cpu_nr != -1) {
2572 			/* printf? */
2573 			return -1;
2574 		}
2575 		uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS;
2576 		break;
2577 	case CPU_UCODE_LOADER_INTEL1:
2578 		if (uc->cpu_nr == -1)
2579 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_ALL_CPUS; /* for Xen */
2580 		else
2581 			uc->cpu_nr = CPU_UCODE_CURRENT_CPU;
2582 		break;
2583 	default: /* can't happen */
2584 		return -1;
2585 	}
2586 	uc->loader_version = loader_version;
2587 	return 0;
2588 }
2589