xref: /netbsd-src/usr.sbin/bad144/bad144.c (revision fdecd6a253f999ae92b139670d9e15cc9df4497c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: bad144.c,v 1.11 1997/06/24 07:48:12 mikel Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1988, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 static char copyright[] =
38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1988, 1993\n\
39 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #ifndef lint
43 #if 0
44 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bad144.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95";
45 #else
46 static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: bad144.c,v 1.11 1997/06/24 07:48:12 mikel Exp $";
47 #endif
48 #endif /* not lint */
49 
50 /*
51  * bad144
52  *
53  * This program prints and/or initializes a bad block record for a pack,
54  * in the format used by the DEC standard 144.
55  * It can also add bad sector(s) to the record, moving the sector
56  * replacements as necessary.
57  *
58  * It is preferable to write the bad information with a standard formatter,
59  * but this program will do.
60  *
61  * RP06 sectors are marked as bad by inverting the format bit in the
62  * header; on other drives the valid-sector bit is cleared.
63  */
64 #include <sys/param.h>
65 #include <sys/dkbad.h>
66 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
67 #include <sys/file.h>
68 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
69 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
70 
71 #include <stdio.h>
72 #include <stdlib.h>
73 #include <string.h>
74 #include <paths.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 
77 #define RETRIES	10		/* number of retries on reading old sectors */
78 #ifdef i386 /* XXX */
79 #define	RAWPART	"d"		/* disk partition containing badsector tables */
80 #else
81 #define	RAWPART	"c"		/* disk partition containing badsector tables */
82 #endif
83 
84 int	fflag, add, copy, verbose, nflag;
85 int	dups;
86 int	badfile = -1;		/* copy of badsector table to use, -1 if any */
87 #define MAXSECSIZE	1024
88 struct	dkbad curbad, oldbad;
89 #define	DKBAD_MAGIC	0x4321
90 
91 char	label[BBSIZE];
92 daddr_t	size;
93 struct	disklabel *dp;
94 char	name[BUFSIZ];
95 
96 void	Perror __P((const char *));
97 daddr_t	badsn __P((const struct bt_bad *));
98 int	blkcopy __P((int, daddr_t, daddr_t));
99 void	blkzero __P((int, daddr_t));
100 int	checkold __P((void));
101 int	compare __P((const void *, const void *));
102 daddr_t	getold __P((int, struct dkbad *));
103 void	shift __P((int, int, int));
104 
105 int
106 main(argc, argv)
107 	int argc;
108 	char *argv[];
109 {
110 	struct bt_bad *bt;
111 	daddr_t	sn, bn[126];
112 	int i, f, nbad, new, bad, errs;
113 
114 	argc--, argv++;
115 	while (argc > 0 && **argv == '-') {
116 		(*argv)++;
117 		while (**argv) {
118 			switch (**argv) {
119 #if vax
120 			    case 'f':
121 				fflag++;
122 				break;
123 #endif
124 			    case 'a':
125 				add++;
126 				break;
127 			    case 'c':
128 				copy++;
129 				break;
130 			    case 'v':
131 				verbose++;
132 				break;
133 			    case 'n':
134 				nflag++;
135 				verbose++;
136 				break;
137 			    default:
138 				if (**argv >= '0' && **argv <= '4') {
139 					badfile = **argv - '0';
140 					break;
141 				}
142 				goto usage;
143 			}
144 			(*argv)++;
145 		}
146 		argc--, argv++;
147 	}
148 	if (argc < 1) {
149 usage:
150 		fprintf(stderr,
151 		    "usage: bad144 [ -f ] disk [ snum [ bn ... ] ]\n");
152 		fprintf(stderr,
153 		  "to read or overwrite bad-sector table, e.g.: bad144 hp0\n");
154 		fprintf(stderr,
155 		    "or bad144 -a [ -f ] [ -c ] disk  bn ...\n");
156 		fprintf(stderr, "where options are:\n");
157 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-a  add new bad sectors to the table\n");
158 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-f  reformat listed sectors as bad\n");
159 		fprintf(stderr, "\t-c  copy original sector to replacement\n");
160 		exit(1);
161 	}
162 	if (argv[0][0] != '/')
163 		(void)sprintf(name, "%sr%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0], RAWPART);
164 	else
165 		strcpy(name, argv[0]);
166 	f = open(name, argc == 1? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR);
167 	if (f < 0)
168 		Perror(name);
169 #ifdef was
170 	if (read(f, label, sizeof(label)) < 0)
171 		Perror("read");
172 	for (dp = (struct disklabel *)(label + LABELOFFSET);
173 	    dp < (struct disklabel *)
174 		(label + sizeof(label) - sizeof(struct disklabel));
175 	    dp = (struct disklabel *)((char *)dp + 64))
176 		if (dp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC && dp->d_magic2 == DISKMAGIC)
177 			break;
178 #else
179 	/* obtain label and adjust to fit */
180 	dp = (struct disklabel *)&label;
181 	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, dp) < 0)
182 		Perror("ioctl DIOCGDINFO");
183 #endif
184 	if (dp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC || dp->d_magic2 != DISKMAGIC
185 		/* dkcksum(lp) != 0 */ ) {
186 		fprintf(stderr, "Bad pack magic number (pack is unlabeled)\n");
187 		exit(1);
188 	}
189 	if (dp->d_secsize > MAXSECSIZE || dp->d_secsize <= 0) {
190 		fprintf(stderr, "Disk sector size too large/small (%d)\n",
191 			dp->d_secsize);
192 		exit(7);
193 	}
194 #ifdef i386
195 	if (dp->d_type == DTYPE_SCSI) {
196 		fprintf(stderr, "SCSI disks don't use bad144!\n");
197 		exit(1);
198 	}
199 	/* are we inside a DOS partition? */
200 	if (dp->d_partitions[0].p_offset) {
201 		/* yes, rules change. assume bad tables at end of partition C,
202 		   which maps all of DOS partition we are within -wfj */
203 		size = dp->d_partitions[2].p_offset + dp->d_partitions[2].p_size;
204 	} else
205 #endif
206 	size = dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks * dp->d_ncylinders;
207 	argc--;
208 	argv++;
209 	if (argc == 0) {
210 		sn = getold(f, &oldbad);
211 		printf("bad block information at sector %d in %s:\n",
212 		    sn, name);
213 		printf("cartridge serial number: %d(10)\n", oldbad.bt_csn);
214 		switch (oldbad.bt_flag) {
215 
216 		case (u_short)-1:
217 			printf("alignment cartridge\n");
218 			break;
219 
220 		case DKBAD_MAGIC:
221 			break;
222 
223 		default:
224 			printf("bt_flag=%x(16)?\n", oldbad.bt_flag);
225 			break;
226 		}
227 		bt = oldbad.bt_bad;
228 		for (i = 0; i < 126; i++) {
229 			bad = (bt->bt_cyl<<16) + bt->bt_trksec;
230 			if (bad < 0)
231 				break;
232 			printf("sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n", badsn(bt),
233 			    bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8, bt->bt_trksec&0xff);
234 			bt++;
235 		}
236 		(void) checkold();
237 		exit(0);
238 	}
239 	if (add) {
240 		/*
241 		 * Read in the old badsector table.
242 		 * Verify that it makes sense, and the bad sectors
243 		 * are in order.  Copy the old table to the new one.
244 		 */
245 		(void) getold(f, &oldbad);
246 		i = checkold();
247 		if (verbose)
248 			printf("Had %d bad sectors, adding %d\n", i, argc);
249 		if (i + argc > 126) {
250 			printf("bad144: not enough room for %d more sectors\n",
251 				argc);
252 			printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
253 			exit(1);
254 		}
255 		curbad = oldbad;
256 	} else {
257 		curbad.bt_csn = atoi(*argv++);
258 		argc--;
259 		curbad.bt_mbz = 0;
260 		curbad.bt_flag = DKBAD_MAGIC;
261 		if (argc > 126) {
262 			printf("bad144: too many bad sectors specified\n");
263 			printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
264 			exit(1);
265 		}
266 		i = 0;
267 	}
268 	errs = 0;
269 	new = argc;
270 	while (argc > 0) {
271 		daddr_t sn = atoi(*argv++);
272 		argc--;
273 		if (sn < 0 || sn >= size) {
274 			printf("%d: out of range [0,%d) for disk %s\n",
275 			    sn, size, dp->d_typename);
276 			errs++;
277 			continue;
278 		}
279 		bn[i] = sn;
280 		curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = sn / (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
281 		sn %= (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
282 		curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec =
283 		    ((sn/dp->d_nsectors) << 8) + (sn%dp->d_nsectors);
284 		i++;
285 	}
286 	if (errs)
287 		exit(1);
288 	nbad = i;
289 	while (i < 126) {
290 		curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec = -1;
291 		curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = -1;
292 		i++;
293 	}
294 	if (add) {
295 		/*
296 		 * Sort the new bad sectors into the list.
297 		 * Then shuffle the replacement sectors so that
298 		 * the previous bad sectors get the same replacement data.
299 		 */
300 		qsort((char *)curbad.bt_bad, nbad, sizeof (struct bt_bad),
301 		    compare);
302 		if (dups) {
303 			fprintf(stderr,
304 "bad144: bad sectors have been duplicated; can't add existing sectors\n");
305 			exit(3);
306 		}
307 		shift(f, nbad, nbad-new);
308 	}
309 	if (badfile == -1)
310 		i = 0;
311 	else
312 		i = badfile * 2;
313 	for (; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
314 		if (lseek(f,
315 		    (off_t)dp->d_secsize * (size - dp->d_nsectors + i),
316 		    L_SET) < 0)
317 			Perror("lseek");
318 		if (verbose)
319 			printf("write badsect file at %d\n",
320 				size - dp->d_nsectors + i);
321 		if (nflag == 0 && write(f, (caddr_t)&curbad, sizeof(curbad)) !=
322 		    sizeof(curbad)) {
323 			char msg[80];
324 			(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write bad sector file %d",
325 			    i/2);
326 			perror(msg);
327 		}
328 		if (badfile != -1)
329 			break;
330 	}
331 #ifdef vax
332 	if (nflag == 0 && fflag)
333 		for (i = nbad - new; i < nbad; i++)
334 			format(f, bn[i]);
335 #endif
336 #ifdef DIOCSBAD
337 	if (nflag == 0 && ioctl(f, DIOCSBAD, (caddr_t)&curbad) < 0)
338 		fprintf(stderr,
339 	"Can't sync bad-sector file; reboot for changes to take effect\n");
340 #endif
341 	if ((dp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) == 0 && nflag == 0) {
342 		dp->d_flags |= D_BADSECT;
343 		if (ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, dp) < 0) {
344 			perror("label");
345 			fprintf(stderr, "Can't write label to enable bad sector handling\n");
346 			exit(1);
347 		}
348 	}
349 	exit(0);
350 }
351 
352 daddr_t
353 getold(f, bad)
354 	int f;
355 	struct dkbad *bad;
356 {
357 	int i;
358 	daddr_t sn;
359 	char msg[80];
360 
361 	if (badfile == -1)
362 		i = 0;
363 	else
364 		i = badfile * 2;
365 	for (; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
366 		sn = size - dp->d_nsectors + i;
367 		if (lseek(f, (off_t)sn * dp->d_secsize, L_SET) < 0)
368 			Perror("lseek");
369 		if (read(f, (char *) bad, dp->d_secsize) == dp->d_secsize) {
370 			if (i > 0)
371 				printf("Using bad-sector file %d\n", i/2);
372 			return(sn);
373 		}
374 		(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: read bad sector file at sn %d", sn);
375 		perror(msg);
376 		if (badfile != -1)
377 			break;
378 	}
379 	fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: can't read bad block info\n", name);
380 	exit(1);
381 	/*NOTREACHED*/
382 }
383 
384 int
385 checkold()
386 {
387 	register int i;
388 	register struct bt_bad *bt;
389 	daddr_t sn, lsn;
390 	int errors = 0, warned = 0;
391 
392 	if (oldbad.bt_flag != DKBAD_MAGIC) {
393 		fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad flag in bad-sector table\n",
394 			name);
395 		errors++;
396 	}
397 	if (oldbad.bt_mbz != 0) {
398 		fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad magic number\n", name);
399 		errors++;
400 	}
401 	bt = oldbad.bt_bad;
402 	for (i = 0; i < 126; i++, bt++) {
403 		if (bt->bt_cyl == 0xffff && bt->bt_trksec == 0xffff)
404 			break;
405 		if ((bt->bt_cyl >= dp->d_ncylinders) ||
406 		    ((bt->bt_trksec >> 8) >= dp->d_ntracks) ||
407 		    ((bt->bt_trksec & 0xff) >= dp->d_nsectors)) {
408 			fprintf(stderr,
409 		     "bad144: cyl/trk/sect out of range in existing entry: ");
410 			fprintf(stderr, "sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n",
411 				badsn(bt), bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8,
412 				bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
413 			errors++;
414 		}
415 		sn = (bt->bt_cyl * dp->d_ntracks +
416 		    (bt->bt_trksec >> 8)) *
417 		    dp->d_nsectors + (bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
418 		if (i > 0 && sn < lsn && !warned) {
419 		    fprintf(stderr,
420 			"bad144: bad sector file is out of order\n");
421 		    errors++;
422 		    warned++;
423 		}
424 		if (i > 0 && sn == lsn) {
425 		    fprintf(stderr,
426 			"bad144: bad sector file contains duplicates (sn %d)\n",
427 			sn);
428 		    errors++;
429 		}
430 		lsn = sn;
431 	}
432 	if (errors)
433 		exit(1);
434 	return (i);
435 }
436 
437 /*
438  * Move the bad sector replacements
439  * to make room for the new bad sectors.
440  * new is the new number of bad sectors, old is the previous count.
441  */
442 void
443 shift(f, new, old)
444      int f, new, old;
445 {
446 	daddr_t repl;
447 
448 	/*
449 	 * First replacement is last sector of second-to-last track.
450 	 */
451 	repl = size - dp->d_nsectors - 1;
452 	new--; old--;
453 	while (new >= 0 && new != old) {
454 		if (old < 0 ||
455 		    compare(&curbad.bt_bad[new], &oldbad.bt_bad[old]) > 0) {
456 			/*
457 			 * Insert new replacement here-- copy original
458 			 * sector if requested and possible,
459 			 * otherwise write a zero block.
460 			 */
461 			if (!copy ||
462 			    !blkcopy(f, badsn(&curbad.bt_bad[new]), repl - new))
463 				blkzero(f, repl - new);
464 		} else {
465 			if (blkcopy(f, repl - old, repl - new) == 0)
466 			    fprintf(stderr,
467 				"Can't copy replacement sector %d to %d\n",
468 				repl-old, repl-new);
469 			old--;
470 		}
471 		new--;
472 	}
473 }
474 
475 char *buf;
476 
477 /*
478  *  Copy disk sector s1 to s2.
479  */
480 int
481 blkcopy(f, s1, s2)
482 	int f;
483 	daddr_t s1, s2;
484 {
485 	register tries, n;
486 
487 	if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
488 		buf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
489 		if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
490 			fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
491 			exit(20);
492 		}
493 	}
494 	for (tries = 0; tries < RETRIES; tries++) {
495 		if (lseek(f, (off_t)dp->d_secsize * s1, L_SET) < 0)
496 			Perror("lseek");
497 		if ((n = read(f, buf, dp->d_secsize)) == dp->d_secsize)
498 			break;
499 	}
500 	if (n != dp->d_secsize) {
501 		fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't read sector, %d: ", s1);
502 		if (n < 0)
503 			perror((char *)0);
504 		return(0);
505 	}
506 	if (lseek(f, (off_t)dp->d_secsize * s2, L_SET) < 0)
507 		Perror("lseek");
508 	if (verbose)
509 		printf("copying %d to %d\n", s1, s2);
510 	if (nflag == 0 && write(f, buf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
511 		fprintf(stderr,
512 		    "bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", s2);
513 		perror((char *)0);
514 		return(0);
515 	}
516 	return(1);
517 }
518 
519 char *zbuf;
520 
521 void
522 blkzero(f, sn)
523 	int f;
524 	daddr_t sn;
525 {
526 
527 	if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
528 		zbuf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
529 		if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
530 			fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
531 			exit(20);
532 		}
533 	}
534 	if (lseek(f, (off_t)dp->d_secsize * sn, L_SET) < 0)
535 		Perror("lseek");
536 	if (verbose)
537 		printf("zeroing %d\n", sn);
538 	if (nflag == 0 && write(f, zbuf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
539 		fprintf(stderr,
540 		    "bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", sn);
541 		perror((char *)0);
542 	}
543 }
544 
545 int
546 compare(v1, v2)
547 	const void *v1, *v2;
548 {
549 	const struct bt_bad *b1 = v1;
550 	const struct bt_bad *b2 = v2;
551 
552 	if (b1->bt_cyl > b2->bt_cyl)
553 		return(1);
554 	if (b1->bt_cyl < b2->bt_cyl)
555 		return(-1);
556 	if (b1->bt_trksec == b2->bt_trksec)
557 		dups++;
558 	return (b1->bt_trksec - b2->bt_trksec);
559 }
560 
561 daddr_t
562 badsn(bt)
563 	const struct bt_bad *bt;
564 {
565 
566 	return ((bt->bt_cyl * dp->d_ntracks
567 		+ (bt->bt_trksec >> 8)) * dp->d_nsectors
568 		+ (bt->bt_trksec & 0xff));
569 }
570 
571 #ifdef vax
572 
573 struct rp06hdr {
574 	short	h_cyl;
575 	short	h_trksec;
576 	short	h_key1;
577 	short	h_key2;
578 	char	h_data[512];
579 #define	RP06_FMT	010000		/* 1 == 16 bit, 0 == 18 bit */
580 };
581 
582 /*
583  * Most massbus and unibus drives
584  * have headers of this form
585  */
586 struct hpuphdr {
587 	u_short	hpup_cyl;
588 	u_char	hpup_sect;
589 	u_char	hpup_track;
590 	char	hpup_data[512];
591 #define	HPUP_OKSECT	0xc000		/* this normally means sector is good */
592 #define	HPUP_16BIT	0x1000		/* 1 == 16 bit format */
593 };
594 int rp06format(), hpupformat();
595 
596 struct	formats {
597 	char	*f_name;		/* disk name */
598 	int	f_bufsize;		/* size of sector + header */
599 	int	f_bic;			/* value to bic in hpup_cyl */
600 	int	(*f_routine)();		/* routine for special handling */
601 } formats[] = {
602 	{ "rp06",	sizeof (struct rp06hdr), RP06_FMT,	rp06format },
603 	{ "eagle",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
604 	{ "capricorn",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
605 	{ "rm03",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
606 	{ "rm05",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
607 	{ "9300",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
608 	{ "9766",	sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT,	hpupformat },
609 	{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
610 };
611 
612 /*ARGSUSED*/
613 int
614 hpupformat(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
615 	struct formats *fp;
616 	struct disklabel *dp;
617 	daddr_t blk;
618 	char *buf;
619 	int count;
620 {
621 	struct hpuphdr *hdr = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
622 	int sect;
623 
624 	if (count < sizeof(struct hpuphdr)) {
625 		hdr->hpup_cyl = (HPUP_OKSECT | HPUP_16BIT) |
626 			(blk / (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks));
627 		sect = blk % (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks);
628 		hdr->hpup_track = (u_char)(sect / dp->d_nsectors);
629 		hdr->hpup_sect = (u_char)(sect % dp->d_nsectors);
630 	}
631 	return (0);
632 }
633 
634 /*ARGSUSED*/
635 int
636 rp06format(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
637 	struct formats *fp;
638 	struct disklabel *dp;
639 	daddr_t blk;
640 	char *buf;
641 	int count;
642 {
643 
644 	if (count < sizeof(struct rp06hdr)) {
645 		fprintf(stderr, "Can't read header on blk %d, can't reformat\n",
646 			blk);
647 		return (-1);
648 	}
649 	return (0);
650 }
651 
652 void
653 format(fd, blk)
654 	int fd;
655 	daddr_t blk;
656 {
657 	register struct formats *fp;
658 	static char *buf;
659 	static char bufsize;
660 	struct format_op fop;
661 	int n;
662 
663 	for (fp = formats; fp->f_name; fp++)
664 		if (strcmp(dp->d_typename, fp->f_name) == 0)
665 			break;
666 	if (fp->f_name == 0) {
667 		fprintf(stderr, "bad144: don't know how to format %s disks\n",
668 			dp->d_typename);
669 		exit(2);
670 	}
671 	if (buf && bufsize < fp->f_bufsize) {
672 		free(buf);
673 		buf = NULL;
674 	}
675 	if (buf == NULL)
676 		buf = malloc((unsigned)fp->f_bufsize);
677 	if (buf == NULL) {
678 		fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't allocate sector buffer\n");
679 		exit(3);
680 	}
681 	bufsize = fp->f_bufsize;
682 	/*
683 	 * Here we do the actual formatting.  All we really
684 	 * do is rewrite the sector header and flag the bad sector
685 	 * according to the format table description.  If a special
686 	 * purpose format routine is specified, we allow it to
687 	 * process the sector as well.
688 	 */
689 	if (verbose)
690 		printf("format blk %d\n", blk);
691 	bzero((char *)&fop, sizeof(fop));
692 	fop.df_buf = buf;
693 	fop.df_count = fp->f_bufsize;
694 	fop.df_startblk = blk;
695 	bzero(buf, fp->f_bufsize);
696 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCRFORMAT, &fop) < 0)
697 		perror("bad144: read format");
698 	if (fp->f_routine &&
699 	    (*fp->f_routine)(fp, dp, blk, buf, fop.df_count) != 0)
700 		return;
701 	if (fp->f_bic) {
702 		struct hpuphdr *xp = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
703 
704 		xp->hpup_cyl &= ~fp->f_bic;
705 	}
706 	if (nflag)
707 		return;
708 	bzero((char *)&fop, sizeof(fop));
709 	fop.df_buf = buf;
710 	fop.df_count = fp->f_bufsize;
711 	fop.df_startblk = blk;
712 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWFORMAT, &fop) < 0)
713 		Perror("write format");
714 	if (fop.df_count != fp->f_bufsize) {
715 		char msg[80];
716 		(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write format %d", blk);
717 		perror(msg);
718 	}
719 }
720 #endif
721 
722 void
723 Perror(op)
724 	const char *op;
725 {
726 
727 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "bad144: "); perror(op);
728 	exit(4);
729 }
730