xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/xlint/lint1/tree.c (revision b1c86f5f087524e68db12794ee9c3e3da1ab17a0)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tree.c,v 1.64 2010/03/21 14:29:04 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl
5  * All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for
18  *	The NetBSD Project.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
35 #include "nbtool_config.h"
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 #if defined(__RCSID) && !defined(lint)
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: tree.c,v 1.64 2010/03/21 14:29:04 christos Exp $");
41 #endif
42 
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <float.h>
46 #include <limits.h>
47 #include <math.h>
48 #include <signal.h>
49 
50 #include "lint1.h"
51 #include "cgram.h"
52 #include "externs1.h"
53 
54 /* Various flags for each operator. */
55 static	mod_t	modtab[NOPS];
56 
57 static	tnode_t	*getinode(tspec_t, int64_t);
58 static	void	ptrcmpok(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
59 static	int	asgntypok(op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
60 static	void	chkbeop(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
61 static	void	chkeop2(op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
62 static	void	chkeop1(op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
63 static	tnode_t	*mktnode(op_t, type_t *, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
64 static	void	balance(op_t, tnode_t **, tnode_t **);
65 static	void	incompat(op_t, tspec_t, tspec_t);
66 static	void	illptrc(mod_t *, type_t *, type_t *);
67 static	void	mrgqual(type_t **, type_t *, type_t *);
68 static	int	conmemb(type_t *);
69 static	void	ptconv(int, tspec_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *);
70 static	void	iiconv(op_t, int, tspec_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *);
71 static	void	piconv(op_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *);
72 static	void	ppconv(op_t, tnode_t *, type_t *);
73 static	tnode_t	*bldstr(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
74 static	tnode_t	*bldincdec(op_t, tnode_t *);
75 static	tnode_t	*bldri(op_t, tnode_t *);
76 static	tnode_t	*bldamper(tnode_t *, int);
77 static	tnode_t	*bldplmi(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
78 static	tnode_t	*bldshft(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
79 static	tnode_t	*bldcol(tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
80 static	tnode_t	*bldasgn(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
81 static	tnode_t	*plength(type_t *);
82 static	tnode_t	*fold(tnode_t *);
83 static	tnode_t	*foldtst(tnode_t *);
84 static	tnode_t	*foldflt(tnode_t *);
85 static	tnode_t	*chkfarg(type_t *, tnode_t *);
86 static	tnode_t	*parg(int, type_t *, tnode_t *);
87 static	void	nulleff(tnode_t *);
88 static	void	displexpr(tnode_t *, int);
89 static	void	chkaidx(tnode_t *, int);
90 static	void	chkcomp(op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *);
91 static	void	precconf(tnode_t *);
92 
93 extern sig_atomic_t fpe;
94 
95 /*
96  * Initialize mods of operators.
97  */
98 void
99 initmtab(void)
100 {
101 	static	struct {
102 		op_t	op;
103 		mod_t	m;
104 	} imods[] = {
105 		{ ARROW,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
106 		    "->" } },
107 		{ POINT,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
108 		    "." } },
109 		{ NOT,    { 0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
110 		    "!" } },
111 		{ COMPL,  { 0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,
112 		    "~" } },
113 		{ INCBEF, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
114 		    "prefix++" } },
115 		{ DECBEF, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
116 		    "prefix--" } },
117 		{ INCAFT, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
118 		    "postfix++" } },
119 		{ DECAFT, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
120 		    "postfix--" } },
121 		{ UPLUS,  { 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,
122 		    "unary +" } },
123 		{ UMINUS, { 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,
124 		    "unary -" } },
125 		{ STAR,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
126 		    "unary *" } },
127 		{ AMPER,  { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
128 		    "unary &" } },
129 		{ MULT,   { 1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,
130 		    "*" } },
131 		{ DIV,    { 1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,
132 		    "/" } },
133 		{ MOD,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,
134 		    "%" } },
135 		{ PLUS,   { 1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
136 		    "+" } },
137 		{ MINUS,  { 1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
138 		    "-" } },
139 		{ SHL,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,
140 		    "<<" } },
141 		{ SHR,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,
142 		    ">>" } },
143 		{ LT,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,
144 		    "<" } },
145 		{ LE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,
146 		    "<=" } },
147 		{ GT,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,
148 		    ">" } },
149 		{ GE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,
150 		    ">=" } },
151 		{ EQ,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,
152 		    "==" } },
153 		{ NE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,
154 		    "!=" } },
155 		{ AND,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,
156 		    "&" } },
157 		{ XOR,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,
158 		    "^" } },
159 		{ OR,     { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,
160 		    "|" } },
161 		{ LOGAND, { 1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
162 		    "&&" } },
163 		{ LOGOR,  { 1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,
164 		    "||" } },
165 		{ QUEST,  { 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
166 		    "?" } },
167 		{ COLON,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,
168 		    ":" } },
169 		{ ASSIGN, { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,
170 		    "=" } },
171 		{ MULASS, { 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
172 		    "*=" } },
173 		{ DIVASS, { 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,
174 		    "/=" } },
175 		{ MODASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,
176 		    "%=" } },
177 		{ ADDASS, { 1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
178 		    "+=" } },
179 		{ SUBASS, { 1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
180 		    "-=" } },
181 		{ SHLASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
182 		    "<<=" } },
183 		{ SHRASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
184 		    ">>=" } },
185 		{ ANDASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
186 		    "&=" } },
187 		{ XORASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
188 		    "^=" } },
189 		{ ORASS,  { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
190 		    "|=" } },
191 		{ NAME,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
192 		    "NAME" } },
193 		{ CON,    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
194 		    "CON" } },
195 		{ STRING, { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
196 		    "STRING" } },
197 		{ FSEL,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
198 		    "FSEL" } },
199 		{ CALL,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
200 		    "CALL" } },
201 		{ COMMA,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
202 		    "," } },
203 		{ CVT,    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
204 		    "CVT" } },
205 		{ ICALL,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
206 		    "ICALL" } },
207 		{ LOAD,	  { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
208 		    "LOAD" } },
209 		{ PUSH,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
210 		    "PUSH" } },
211 		{ RETURN, { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,
212 		    "RETURN" } },
213 		{ INIT,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,
214 		    "INIT" } },
215 		{ FARG,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,
216 		    "FARG" } },
217 		{ NOOP,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, NULL } }
218 	};
219 	int	i;
220 
221 	for (i = 0; imods[i].op != NOOP; i++)
222 		STRUCT_ASSIGN(modtab[imods[i].op], imods[i].m);
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * Increase degree of reference.
227  * This is most often used to change type "T" in type "pointer to T".
228  */
229 type_t *
230 incref(type_t *tp, tspec_t t)
231 {
232 	type_t	*tp2;
233 
234 	tp2 = getblk(sizeof (type_t));
235 	tp2->t_tspec = t;
236 	tp2->t_subt = tp;
237 	return (tp2);
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * same for use in expressions
242  */
243 type_t *
244 tincref(type_t *tp, tspec_t t)
245 {
246 	type_t	*tp2;
247 
248 	tp2 = tgetblk(sizeof (type_t));
249 	tp2->t_tspec = t;
250 	tp2->t_subt = tp;
251 	return (tp2);
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Create a node for a constant.
256  */
257 tnode_t *
258 getcnode(type_t *tp, val_t *v)
259 {
260 	tnode_t	*n;
261 
262 	n = getnode();
263 	n->tn_op = CON;
264 	n->tn_type = tp;
265 	n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
266 	n->tn_val->v_tspec = tp->t_tspec;
267 	n->tn_val->v_ansiu = v->v_ansiu;
268 	n->tn_val->v_u = v->v_u;
269 	free(v);
270 	return (n);
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Create a node for a integer constant.
275  */
276 static tnode_t *
277 getinode(tspec_t t, int64_t q)
278 {
279 	tnode_t	*n;
280 
281 	n = getnode();
282 	n->tn_op = CON;
283 	n->tn_type = gettyp(t);
284 	n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
285 	n->tn_val->v_tspec = t;
286 	n->tn_val->v_quad = q;
287 	return (n);
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * Create a node for a name (symbol table entry).
292  * ntok is the token which follows the name.
293  */
294 tnode_t *
295 getnnode(sym_t *sym, int ntok)
296 {
297 	tnode_t	*n;
298 
299 	if (sym->s_scl == NOSCL) {
300 		sym->s_scl = EXTERN;
301 		sym->s_def = DECL;
302 		if (ntok == T_LPARN) {
303 			if (sflag) {
304 				/* function implicitly declared to ... */
305 				warning(215);
306 			}
307 			/*
308 			 * XXX if tflag is set the symbol should be
309 			 * exported to level 0
310 			 */
311 			sym->s_type = incref(sym->s_type, FUNC);
312 		} else {
313 			if (!blklev) {
314 				/* %s undefined */
315 				error(99, sym->s_name);
316 			} else {
317 				int fixtype;
318 				if (strcmp(sym->s_name, "__FUNCTION__") == 0) {
319 					gnuism(316);
320 					fixtype = 1;
321 				} else if (strcmp(sym->s_name, "__func__") == 0) {
322 					if (!Sflag)
323 						warning(317);
324 					fixtype = 1;
325 				} else {
326 					error(99, sym->s_name);
327 					fixtype = 0;
328 				}
329 				if (fixtype) {
330 					sym->s_type = incref(gettyp(CHAR), PTR);
331 					sym->s_type->t_const = 1;
332 				}
333 			}
334 		}
335 	}
336 
337 	if (sym->s_kind != FVFT && sym->s_kind != FMOS)
338 		LERROR("getnnode()");
339 
340 	n = getnode();
341 	n->tn_type = sym->s_type;
342 	if (sym->s_scl != ENUMCON) {
343 		n->tn_op = NAME;
344 		n->tn_sym = sym;
345 		if (sym->s_kind == FVFT && sym->s_type->t_tspec != FUNC)
346 			n->tn_lvalue = 1;
347 	} else {
348 		n->tn_op = CON;
349 		n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
350 		*n->tn_val = sym->s_value;
351 	}
352 
353 	return (n);
354 }
355 
356 /*
357  * Create a node for a string.
358  */
359 tnode_t *
360 getsnode(strg_t *strg)
361 {
362 	size_t	len;
363 	tnode_t	*n;
364 
365 	len = strg->st_len;
366 
367 	n = getnode();
368 
369 	n->tn_op = STRING;
370 	n->tn_type = tincref(gettyp(strg->st_tspec), ARRAY);
371 	n->tn_type->t_dim = len + 1;
372 	n->tn_lvalue = 1;
373 
374 	n->tn_strg = tgetblk(sizeof (strg_t));
375 	n->tn_strg->st_tspec = strg->st_tspec;
376 	n->tn_strg->st_len = len;
377 
378 	if (strg->st_tspec == CHAR) {
379 		n->tn_strg->st_cp = tgetblk(len + 1);
380 		(void)memcpy(n->tn_strg->st_cp, strg->st_cp, len + 1);
381 		free(strg->st_cp);
382 	} else {
383 		n->tn_strg->st_wcp = tgetblk((len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
384 		(void)memcpy(n->tn_strg->st_wcp, strg->st_wcp,
385 			     (len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
386 		free(strg->st_wcp);
387 	}
388 	free(strg);
389 
390 	return (n);
391 }
392 
393 /*
394  * Returns a symbol which has the same name as the msym argument and is a
395  * member of the struct or union specified by the tn argument.
396  */
397 sym_t *
398 strmemb(tnode_t *tn, op_t op, sym_t *msym)
399 {
400 	str_t	*str;
401 	type_t	*tp;
402 	sym_t	*sym, *csym;
403 	int	eq;
404 	tspec_t	t;
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * Remove the member if it was unknown until now (Which means
408 	 * that no defined struct or union has a member with the same name).
409 	 */
410 	if (msym->s_scl == NOSCL) {
411 		/* undefined struct/union member: %s */
412 		error(101, msym->s_name);
413 		rmsym(msym);
414 		msym->s_kind = FMOS;
415 		msym->s_scl = MOS;
416 		msym->s_styp = tgetblk(sizeof (str_t));
417 		msym->s_styp->stag = tgetblk(sizeof (sym_t));
418 		msym->s_styp->stag->s_name = unnamed;
419 		msym->s_value.v_tspec = INT;
420 		return (msym);
421 	}
422 
423 	/* Set str to the tag of which msym is expected to be a member. */
424 	str = NULL;
425 	t = (tp = tn->tn_type)->t_tspec;
426 	if (op == POINT) {
427 		if (t == STRUCT || t == UNION)
428 			str = tp->t_str;
429 	} else if (op == ARROW && t == PTR) {
430 		t = (tp = tp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
431 		if (t == STRUCT || t == UNION)
432 			str = tp->t_str;
433 	}
434 
435 	/*
436 	 * If this struct/union has a member with the name of msym, return
437 	 * return this it.
438 	 */
439 	if (str != NULL) {
440 		for (sym = msym; sym != NULL; sym = sym->s_link) {
441 			if (sym->s_scl != MOS && sym->s_scl != MOU)
442 				continue;
443 			if (sym->s_styp != str)
444 				continue;
445 			if (strcmp(sym->s_name, msym->s_name) != 0)
446 				continue;
447 			return (sym);
448 		}
449 	}
450 
451 	/*
452 	 * Set eq to 0 if there are struct/union members with the same name
453 	 * and different types and/or offsets.
454 	 */
455 	eq = 1;
456 	for (csym = msym; csym != NULL; csym = csym->s_link) {
457 		if (csym->s_scl != MOS && csym->s_scl != MOU)
458 			continue;
459 		if (strcmp(msym->s_name, csym->s_name) != 0)
460 			continue;
461 		for (sym = csym->s_link ; sym != NULL; sym = sym->s_link) {
462 			int w;
463 
464 			if (sym->s_scl != MOS && sym->s_scl != MOU)
465 				continue;
466 			if (strcmp(csym->s_name, sym->s_name) != 0)
467 				continue;
468 			if (csym->s_value.v_quad != sym->s_value.v_quad) {
469 				eq = 0;
470 				break;
471 			}
472 			w = 0;
473 			eq = eqtype(csym->s_type, sym->s_type, 0, 0, &w) && !w;
474 			if (!eq)
475 				break;
476 			if (csym->s_field != sym->s_field) {
477 				eq = 0;
478 				break;
479 			}
480 			if (csym->s_field) {
481 				type_t	*tp1, *tp2;
482 
483 				tp1 = csym->s_type;
484 				tp2 = sym->s_type;
485 				if (tp1->t_flen != tp2->t_flen) {
486 					eq = 0;
487 					break;
488 				}
489 				if (tp1->t_foffs != tp2->t_foffs) {
490 					eq = 0;
491 					break;
492 				}
493 			}
494 		}
495 		if (!eq)
496 			break;
497 	}
498 
499 	/*
500 	 * Now handle the case in which the left operand refers really
501 	 * to a struct/union, but the right operand is not member of it.
502 	 */
503 	if (str != NULL) {
504 		/* illegal member use: %s */
505 		if (eq && tflag) {
506 			warning(102, msym->s_name);
507 		} else {
508 			error(102, msym->s_name);
509 		}
510 		return (msym);
511 	}
512 
513 	/*
514 	 * Now the left operand of ARROW does not point to a struct/union
515 	 * or the left operand of POINT is no struct/union.
516 	 */
517 	if (eq) {
518 		if (op == POINT) {
519 			/* left operand of "." must be struct/union object */
520 			if (tflag) {
521 				warning(103);
522 			} else {
523 				error(103);
524 			}
525 		} else {
526 			/* left operand of "->" must be pointer to ... */
527 			if (tflag && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
528 				warning(104);
529 			} else {
530 				error(104);
531 			}
532 		}
533 	} else {
534 		if (tflag) {
535 			/* non-unique member requires struct/union %s */
536 			error(105, op == POINT ? "object" : "pointer");
537 		} else {
538 			/* unacceptable operand of %s */
539 			error(111, modtab[op].m_name);
540 		}
541 	}
542 
543 	return (msym);
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * Create a tree node. Called for most operands except function calls,
548  * sizeof and casts.
549  *
550  * op	operator
551  * ln	left operand
552  * rn	if not NULL, right operand
553  */
554 tnode_t *
555 build(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
556 {
557 	mod_t	*mp;
558 	tnode_t	*ntn;
559 	type_t	*rtp;
560 
561 	mp = &modtab[op];
562 
563 	/* If there was an error in one of the operands, return. */
564 	if (ln == NULL || (mp->m_binary && rn == NULL))
565 		return (NULL);
566 
567 	/*
568 	 * Apply class conversions to the left operand, but only if its
569 	 * value is needed or it is compaired with null.
570 	 */
571 	if (mp->m_vctx || mp->m_tctx)
572 		ln = cconv(ln);
573 	/*
574 	 * The right operand is almost always in a test or value context,
575 	 * except if it is a struct or union member.
576 	 */
577 	if (mp->m_binary && op != ARROW && op != POINT)
578 		rn = cconv(rn);
579 
580 	/*
581 	 * Print some warnings for comparisons of unsigned values with
582 	 * constants lower than or equal to null. This must be done
583 	 * before promote() because otherwise unsigned char and unsigned
584 	 * short would be promoted to int. Also types are tested to be
585 	 * CHAR, which would also become int.
586 	 */
587 	if (mp->m_comp)
588 		chkcomp(op, ln, rn);
589 
590 	/*
591 	 * Promote the left operand if it is in a test or value context
592 	 */
593 	if (mp->m_vctx || mp->m_tctx)
594 		ln = promote(op, 0, ln);
595 	/*
596 	 * Promote the right operand, but only if it is no struct or
597 	 * union member, or if it is not to be assigned to the left operand
598 	 */
599 	if (mp->m_binary && op != ARROW && op != POINT &&
600 	    op != ASSIGN && op != RETURN) {
601 		rn = promote(op, 0, rn);
602 	}
603 
604 	/*
605 	 * If the result of the operation is different for signed or
606 	 * unsigned operands and one of the operands is signed only in
607 	 * ANSI C, print a warning.
608 	 */
609 	if (mp->m_tlansiu && ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_ansiu) {
610 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned, op %s */
611 		warning(218, mp->m_name);
612 		ln->tn_val->v_ansiu = 0;
613 	}
614 	if (mp->m_transiu && rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_ansiu) {
615 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned, op %s */
616 		warning(218, mp->m_name);
617 		rn->tn_val->v_ansiu = 0;
618 	}
619 
620 	/* Make sure both operands are of the same type */
621 	if (mp->m_balance || (tflag && (op == SHL || op == SHR)))
622 		balance(op, &ln, &rn);
623 
624 	/*
625 	 * Check types for compatibility with the operation and mutual
626 	 * compatibility. Return if there are serios problems.
627 	 */
628 	if (!typeok(op, 0, ln, rn))
629 		return (NULL);
630 
631 	/* And now create the node. */
632 	switch (op) {
633 	case POINT:
634 	case ARROW:
635 		ntn = bldstr(op, ln, rn);
636 		break;
637 	case INCAFT:
638 	case DECAFT:
639 	case INCBEF:
640 	case DECBEF:
641 		ntn = bldincdec(op, ln);
642 		break;
643 	case AMPER:
644 		ntn = bldamper(ln, 0);
645 		break;
646 	case STAR:
647 		ntn = mktnode(STAR, ln->tn_type->t_subt, ln, NULL);
648 		break;
649 	case PLUS:
650 	case MINUS:
651 		ntn = bldplmi(op, ln, rn);
652 		break;
653 	case SHL:
654 	case SHR:
655 		ntn = bldshft(op, ln, rn);
656 		break;
657 	case COLON:
658 		ntn = bldcol(ln, rn);
659 		break;
660 	case ASSIGN:
661 	case MULASS:
662 	case DIVASS:
663 	case MODASS:
664 	case ADDASS:
665 	case SUBASS:
666 	case SHLASS:
667 	case SHRASS:
668 	case ANDASS:
669 	case XORASS:
670 	case ORASS:
671 	case RETURN:
672 		ntn = bldasgn(op, ln, rn);
673 		break;
674 	case COMMA:
675 	case QUEST:
676 		ntn = mktnode(op, rn->tn_type, ln, rn);
677 		break;
678 	case REAL:
679 	case IMAG:
680 		ntn = bldri(op, ln);
681 		break;
682 	default:
683 		rtp = mp->m_logop ? gettyp(INT) : ln->tn_type;
684 		if (!mp->m_binary && rn != NULL)
685 			LERROR("build()");
686 		ntn = mktnode(op, rtp, ln, rn);
687 		break;
688 	}
689 
690 	/* Return if an error occurred. */
691 	if (ntn == NULL)
692 		return (NULL);
693 
694 	/* Print a warning if precedence confusion is possible */
695 	if (mp->m_tpconf)
696 		precconf(ntn);
697 
698 	/*
699 	 * Print a warning if one of the operands is in a context where
700 	 * it is compared with null and if this operand is a constant.
701 	 */
702 	if (mp->m_tctx) {
703 		if (ln->tn_op == CON ||
704 		    ((mp->m_binary && op != QUEST) && rn->tn_op == CON)) {
705 			if (hflag && !ccflg)
706 				/* constant in conditional context */
707 				warning(161);
708 		}
709 	}
710 
711 	/* Fold if the operator requires it */
712 	if (mp->m_fold) {
713 		if (ln->tn_op == CON && (!mp->m_binary || rn->tn_op == CON)) {
714 			if (mp->m_tctx) {
715 				ntn = foldtst(ntn);
716 			} else if (isftyp(ntn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
717 				ntn = foldflt(ntn);
718 			} else {
719 				ntn = fold(ntn);
720 			}
721 		} else if (op == QUEST && ln->tn_op == CON) {
722 			ntn = ln->tn_val->v_quad ? rn->tn_left : rn->tn_right;
723 		}
724 	}
725 
726 	return (ntn);
727 }
728 
729 /*
730  * Perform class conversions.
731  *
732  * Arrays of type T are converted into pointers to type T.
733  * Functions are converted to pointers to functions.
734  * Lvalues are converted to rvalues.
735  */
736 tnode_t *
737 cconv(tnode_t *tn)
738 {
739 	type_t	*tp;
740 
741 	/*
742 	 * Array-lvalue (array of type T) is converted into rvalue
743 	 * (pointer to type T)
744 	 */
745 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
746 		if (!tn->tn_lvalue) {
747 			/* %soperand of '%s' must be lvalue */
748 			/* XXX print correct operator */
749 			(void)gnuism(114, "", modtab[AMPER].m_name);
750 		}
751 		tn = mktnode(AMPER, tincref(tn->tn_type->t_subt, PTR),
752 			     tn, NULL);
753 	}
754 
755 	/*
756 	 * Expression of type function (function with return value of type T)
757 	 * in rvalue-expression (pointer to function with return value
758 	 * of type T)
759 	 */
760 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec == FUNC)
761 		tn = bldamper(tn, 1);
762 
763 	/* lvalue to rvalue */
764 	if (tn->tn_lvalue) {
765 		tp = tduptyp(tn->tn_type);
766 		tp->t_const = tp->t_volatile = 0;
767 		tn = mktnode(LOAD, tp, tn, NULL);
768 	}
769 
770 	return (tn);
771 }
772 
773 /*
774  * Perform most type checks. First the types are checked using
775  * informations from modtab[]. After that it is done by hand for
776  * more complicated operators and type combinations.
777  *
778  * If the types are ok, typeok() returns 1, otherwise 0.
779  */
780 int
781 typeok(op_t op, int arg, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
782 {
783 	mod_t	*mp;
784 	tspec_t	lt, rt = NOTSPEC, lst = NOTSPEC, rst = NOTSPEC, olt = NOTSPEC,
785 	    ort = NOTSPEC;
786 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp = NULL, *lstp = NULL, *rstp = NULL;
787 	tnode_t	*tn;
788 
789 	mp = &modtab[op];
790 
791 	if ((ltp = ln->tn_type) == NULL)
792 		LERROR("typeok()");
793 
794 	if ((lt = ltp->t_tspec) == PTR)
795 		lst = (lstp = ltp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
796 	if (mp->m_binary) {
797 		if ((rtp = rn->tn_type) == NULL)
798 			LERROR("typeok()");
799 		if ((rt = rtp->t_tspec) == PTR)
800 			rst = (rstp = rtp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
801 	}
802 
803 	if (mp->m_rqint) {
804 		/* integertypes required */
805 		if (!isityp(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !isityp(rt))) {
806 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
807 			return (0);
808 		}
809 	} else if (mp->m_rqintcomp) {
810 		/* integertypes required */
811 		if ((!isityp(lt) && !isctyp(lt)) ||
812 		    (mp->m_binary && (!isityp(rt) && !isctyp(rt)))) {
813 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
814 			return (0);
815 		}
816 	} else if (mp->m_rqsclt) {
817 		/* scalar types required */
818 		if (!issclt(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !issclt(rt))) {
819 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
820 			return (0);
821 		}
822 	} else if (mp->m_rqatyp) {
823 		/* arithmetic types required */
824 		if (!isatyp(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !isatyp(rt))) {
825 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
826 			return (0);
827 		}
828 	}
829 
830 	if (op == SHL || op == SHR || op == SHLASS || op == SHRASS) {
831 		/*
832 		 * For these operations we need the types before promotion
833 		 * and balancing.
834 		 */
835 		for (tn=ln; tn->tn_op==CVT && !tn->tn_cast; tn=tn->tn_left)
836 			continue;
837 		olt = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
838 		for (tn=rn; tn->tn_op==CVT && !tn->tn_cast; tn=tn->tn_left)
839 			continue;
840 		ort = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
841 	}
842 
843 	switch (op) {
844 	case POINT:
845 		/*
846 		 * Most errors required by ANSI C are reported in strmemb().
847 		 * Here we only must check for totaly wrong things.
848 		 */
849 		if (lt == FUNC || lt == VOID || ltp->t_isfield ||
850 		    ((lt != STRUCT && lt != UNION) && !ln->tn_lvalue)) {
851 			/* Without tflag we got already an error */
852 			if (tflag)
853 				/* unacceptable operand of %s */
854 				error(111, mp->m_name);
855 			return (0);
856 		}
857 		/* Now we have an object we can create a pointer to */
858 		break;
859 	case ARROW:
860 		if (lt != PTR && !(tflag && isityp(lt))) {
861 			/* Without tflag we got already an error */
862 			if (tflag)
863 				/* unacceptabel operand of %s */
864 				error(111, mp->m_name);
865 			return (0);
866 		}
867 		break;
868 	case INCAFT:
869 	case DECAFT:
870 	case INCBEF:
871 	case DECBEF:
872 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
873 		if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
874 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
875 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
876 				/* a cast to non-ptr does not yield an lvalue */
877 				if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR)
878 					break;
879 				error(163);
880 			}
881 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
882 			error(114, "", mp->m_name);
883 			return (0);
884 		} else if (ltp->t_const) {
885 			/* %soperand of %s must be modifiable lvalue */
886 			if (!tflag)
887 				warning(115, "", mp->m_name);
888 		}
889 		break;
890 	case AMPER:
891 		if (lt == ARRAY || lt == FUNC) {
892 			/* ok, a warning comes later (in bldamper()) */
893 		} else if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
894 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
895 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
896 				/* a cast to non-ptr does not yield an lvalue */
897 				if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR)
898 					break;
899 				error(163);
900 			}
901 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
902 			error(114, "", mp->m_name);
903 			return (0);
904 		} else if (issclt(lt)) {
905 			if (ltp->t_isfield) {
906 				/* cannot take address of bit-field */
907 				error(112);
908 				return (0);
909 			}
910 		} else if (lt != STRUCT && lt != UNION) {
911 			/* unacceptable operand of %s */
912 			error(111, mp->m_name);
913 			return (0);
914 		}
915 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && ln->tn_sym->s_reg) {
916 			/* cannot take address of register %s */
917 			error(113, ln->tn_sym->s_name);
918 			return (0);
919 		}
920 		break;
921 	case STAR:
922 		/* until now there were no type checks for this operator */
923 		if (lt != PTR) {
924 			/* cannot dereference non-pointer type */
925 			error(96);
926 			return (0);
927 		}
928 		break;
929 	case PLUS:
930 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
931 		if ((lt == PTR && !isityp(rt)) || (rt == PTR && !isityp(lt))) {
932 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
933 			return (0);
934 		}
935 		break;
936 	case MINUS:
937 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
938 		if (lt == PTR && (!isityp(rt) && rt != PTR)) {
939 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
940 			return (0);
941 		} else if (rt == PTR && lt != PTR) {
942 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
943 			return (0);
944 		}
945 		if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
946 			if (!eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL)) {
947 				/* illegal pointer subtraction */
948 				error(116);
949 			}
950 		}
951 		break;
952 	case SHR:
953 		/* operands have integer types (checked above) */
954 		if (pflag && !isutyp(lt)) {
955 			/*
956 			 * The left operand is signed. This means that
957 			 * the operation is (possibly) nonportable.
958 			 */
959 			/* bitwise operation on signed value nonportable */
960 			if (ln->tn_op != CON) {
961 				/* possibly nonportable */
962 				warning(117);
963 			} else if (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
964 				warning(120);
965 			}
966 		} else if (!tflag && !sflag && !isutyp(olt) && isutyp(ort)) {
967 			/*
968 			 * The left operand would become unsigned in
969 			 * traditional C.
970 			 */
971 			if (hflag &&
972 			    (ln->tn_op != CON || ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0)) {
973 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
974 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
975 			}
976 		} else if (!tflag && !sflag && !isutyp(olt) && !isutyp(ort) &&
977 			   psize(lt) < psize(rt)) {
978 			/*
979 			 * In traditional C the left operand would be extended,
980 			 * possibly with 1, and then shifted.
981 			 */
982 			if (hflag &&
983 			    (ln->tn_op != CON || ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0)) {
984 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
985 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
986 			}
987 		}
988 		goto shift;
989 	case SHL:
990 		/*
991 		 * ANSI C does not perform balancing for shift operations,
992 		 * but traditional C does. If the width of the right operand
993 		 * is greather than the width of the left operand, than in
994 		 * traditional C the left operand would be extendet to the
995 		 * width of the right operand. For SHL this may result in
996 		 * different results.
997 		 */
998 		if (psize(lt) < psize(rt)) {
999 			/*
1000 			 * XXX If both operands are constant make sure
1001 			 * that there is really a differencs between
1002 			 * ANSI C and traditional C.
1003 			 */
1004 			if (hflag)
1005 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
1006 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
1007 		}
1008 	shift:
1009 		if (rn->tn_op == CON) {
1010 			if (!isutyp(rt) && rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
1011 				/* negative shift */
1012 				warning(121);
1013 			} else if ((uint64_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad == (uint64_t)size(lt)) {
1014 				/* shift equal to size fo object */
1015 				warning(267);
1016 			} else if ((uint64_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad > (uint64_t)size(lt)) {
1017 				/* shift greater than size of object */
1018 				warning(122);
1019 			}
1020 		}
1021 		break;
1022 	case EQ:
1023 	case NE:
1024 		/*
1025 		 * Accept some things which are allowed with EQ and NE,
1026 		 * but not with ordered comparisons.
1027 		 */
1028 		if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
1029 			if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1030 				break;
1031 		}
1032 		if (rt == PTR && ((lt == PTR && lst == VOID) || isityp(lt))) {
1033 			if (ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1034 				break;
1035 		}
1036 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
1037 	case LT:
1038 	case GT:
1039 	case LE:
1040 	case GE:
1041 		if ((lt == PTR || rt == PTR) && lt != rt) {
1042 			if (isityp(lt) || isityp(rt)) {
1043 				/* illegal comb. of pointer and int., op %s */
1044 				warning(123, mp->m_name);
1045 			} else {
1046 				incompat(op, lt, rt);
1047 				return (0);
1048 			}
1049 		} else if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
1050 			ptrcmpok(op, ln, rn);
1051 		}
1052 		break;
1053 	case QUEST:
1054 		if (!issclt(lt)) {
1055 			/* first operand must have scalar type, op ? : */
1056 			error(170);
1057 			return (0);
1058 		}
1059 		while (rn->tn_op == CVT)
1060 			rn = rn->tn_left;
1061 		if (rn->tn_op != COLON)
1062 			LERROR("typeok()");
1063 		break;
1064 	case COLON:
1065 
1066 		if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt))
1067 			break;
1068 
1069 		if (lt == STRUCT && rt == STRUCT && ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str)
1070 			break;
1071 		if (lt == UNION && rt == UNION && ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str)
1072 			break;
1073 
1074 		/* combination of any pointer and 0, 0L or (void *)0 is ok */
1075 		if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
1076 			if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1077 				break;
1078 		}
1079 		if (rt == PTR && ((lt == PTR && lst == VOID) || isityp(lt))) {
1080 			if (ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1081 				break;
1082 		}
1083 
1084 		if ((lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) || (isityp(lt) && rt == PTR)) {
1085 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., op %s */
1086 			warning(123, mp->m_name);
1087 			break;
1088 		}
1089 
1090 		if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
1091 			if (lt != VOID || rt != VOID)
1092 				/* incompatible types in conditional */
1093 				warning(126);
1094 			break;
1095 		}
1096 
1097 		if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && ((lst == VOID && rst == FUNC) ||
1098 					       (lst == FUNC && rst == VOID))) {
1099 			/* (void *)0 handled above */
1100 			if (sflag)
1101 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, op %s */
1102 				warning(305, "function pointer", "'void *'",
1103 					mp->m_name);
1104 			break;
1105 		}
1106 
1107 		if (rt == PTR && lt == PTR) {
1108 			if (eqptrtype(lstp, rstp, 1))
1109 				break;
1110 			if (!eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL))
1111 				illptrc(mp, ltp, rtp);
1112 			break;
1113 		}
1114 
1115 		/* incompatible types in conditional */
1116 		error(126);
1117 		return (0);
1118 
1119 	case ASSIGN:
1120 	case INIT:
1121 	case FARG:
1122 	case RETURN:
1123 		if (!asgntypok(op, arg, ln, rn))
1124 			return (0);
1125 		goto assign;
1126 	case MULASS:
1127 	case DIVASS:
1128 	case MODASS:
1129 		goto assign;
1130 	case ADDASS:
1131 	case SUBASS:
1132 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
1133 		if ((lt == PTR && !isityp(rt)) || rt == PTR) {
1134 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
1135 			return (0);
1136 		}
1137 		goto assign;
1138 	case SHLASS:
1139 		goto assign;
1140 	case SHRASS:
1141 		if (pflag && !isutyp(lt) && !(tflag && isutyp(rt))) {
1142 			/* bitwise operation on s.v. possibly nonportabel */
1143 			warning(117);
1144 		}
1145 		goto assign;
1146 	case ANDASS:
1147 	case XORASS:
1148 	case ORASS:
1149 		goto assign;
1150 	assign:
1151 		if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
1152 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
1153 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
1154 				/* a cast to non-ptr does not yield an lvalue */
1155 				if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR)
1156 					break;
1157 				error(163);
1158 			}
1159 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
1160 			error(114, "left ", mp->m_name);
1161 			return (0);
1162 		} else if (ltp->t_const || ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) &&
1163 					    conmemb(ltp))) {
1164 			/* %soperand of %s must be modifiable lvalue */
1165 			if (!tflag)
1166 				warning(115, "left ", mp->m_name);
1167 		}
1168 		break;
1169 	case COMMA:
1170 		if (!modtab[ln->tn_op].m_sideeff)
1171 			nulleff(ln);
1172 		break;
1173 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
1174 	case CON:
1175 	case CASE:
1176 	case PUSH:
1177 	case LOAD:
1178 	case ICALL:
1179 	case CVT:
1180 	case CALL:
1181 	case FSEL:
1182 	case STRING:
1183 	case NAME:
1184 	case LOGOR:
1185 	case LOGAND:
1186 	case OR:
1187 	case XOR:
1188 	case AND:
1189 	case MOD:
1190 	case DIV:
1191 	case MULT:
1192 	case UMINUS:
1193 	case UPLUS:
1194 	case DEC:
1195 	case INC:
1196 	case COMPL:
1197 	case NOT:
1198 	case NOOP:
1199 	case REAL:
1200 	case IMAG:
1201 		break;
1202 	}
1203 
1204 	if (mp->m_badeop &&
1205 	    (ltp->t_isenum || (mp->m_binary && rtp->t_isenum))) {
1206 		chkbeop(op, ln, rn);
1207 	} else if (mp->m_enumop && (ltp->t_isenum && rtp && rtp->t_isenum)) {
1208 		chkeop2(op, arg, ln, rn);
1209 	} else if (mp->m_enumop && (ltp->t_isenum || (rtp && rtp->t_isenum))) {
1210 		chkeop1(op, arg, ln, rn);
1211 	}
1212 
1213 	return (1);
1214 }
1215 
1216 static void
1217 ptrcmpok(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1218 {
1219 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp;
1220 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
1221 	const	char *lts, *rts;
1222 
1223 	lt = (ltp = ln->tn_type)->t_subt->t_tspec;
1224 	rt = (rtp = rn->tn_type)->t_subt->t_tspec;
1225 
1226 	if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
1227 		if (sflag && (lt == FUNC || rt == FUNC)) {
1228 			/* (void *)0 already handled in typeok() */
1229 			*(lt == FUNC ? &lts : &rts) = "function pointer";
1230 			*(lt == VOID ? &lts : &rts) = "'void *'";
1231 			/* ANSI C forbids comparison of %s with %s */
1232 			warning(274, lts, rts);
1233 		}
1234 		return;
1235 	}
1236 
1237 	if (!eqtype(ltp->t_subt, rtp->t_subt, 1, 0, NULL)) {
1238 		illptrc(&modtab[op], ltp, rtp);
1239 		return;
1240 	}
1241 
1242 	if (lt == FUNC && rt == FUNC) {
1243 		if (sflag && op != EQ && op != NE)
1244 			/* ANSI C forbids ordered comp. of func ptr */
1245 			warning(125);
1246 	}
1247 }
1248 
1249 /*
1250  * Checks type compatibility for ASSIGN, INIT, FARG and RETURN
1251  * and prints warnings/errors if necessary.
1252  * If the types are (almost) compatible, 1 is returned, otherwise 0.
1253  */
1254 static int
1255 asgntypok(op_t op, int arg, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1256 {
1257 	tspec_t	lt, rt, lst = NOTSPEC, rst = NOTSPEC;
1258 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp, *lstp = NULL, *rstp = NULL;
1259 	mod_t	*mp;
1260 	const	char *lts, *rts;
1261 	char lbuf[128], rbuf[128];
1262 
1263 	if ((lt = (ltp = ln->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
1264 		lst = (lstp = ltp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
1265 	if ((rt = (rtp = rn->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
1266 		rst = (rstp = rtp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
1267 	mp = &modtab[op];
1268 
1269 	if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt))
1270 		return (1);
1271 
1272 	if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) && (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION))
1273 		/* both are struct or union */
1274 		return (ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str);
1275 
1276 	/* 0, 0L and (void *)0 may be assigned to any pointer */
1277 	if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
1278 		if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1279 			return (1);
1280 	}
1281 
1282 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && (lst == VOID || rst == VOID)) {
1283 		/* two pointers, at least one pointer to void */
1284 		if (sflag && (lst == FUNC || rst == FUNC)) {
1285 			/* comb. of ptr to func and ptr to void */
1286 			*(lst == FUNC ? &lts : &rts) = "function pointer";
1287 			*(lst == VOID ? &lts : &rts) = "'void *'";
1288 			switch (op) {
1289 			case INIT:
1290 			case RETURN:
1291 				/* ANSI C forbids conversion of %s to %s */
1292 				warning(303, rts, lts);
1293 				break;
1294 			case FARG:
1295 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, arg #%d */
1296 				warning(304, rts, lts, arg);
1297 				break;
1298 			default:
1299 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, op %s */
1300 				warning(305, rts, lts, mp->m_name);
1301 				break;
1302 			}
1303 		}
1304 	}
1305 
1306 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && (lst == VOID || rst == VOID ||
1307 				       eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL))) {
1308 		/* compatible pointer types (qualifiers ignored) */
1309 		if (!tflag &&
1310 		    ((!lstp->t_const && rstp->t_const) ||
1311 		     (!lstp->t_volatile && rstp->t_volatile))) {
1312 			/* left side has not all qualifiers of right */
1313 			tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), lstp);
1314 			tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rstp);
1315 			switch (op) {
1316 			case INIT:
1317 			case RETURN:
1318 				/* incompatible pointer types */
1319 				warning(182, lbuf, rbuf);
1320 				break;
1321 			case FARG:
1322 				/* argument has incompat. ptr. type, arg #%d */
1323 				warning(153, arg, lbuf, rbuf);
1324 				break;
1325 			default:
1326 				/* operands have incompat. ptr. types, op %s */
1327 				warning(128, mp->m_name, lbuf, rbuf);
1328 				break;
1329 			}
1330 		}
1331 		return (1);
1332 	}
1333 
1334 	if ((lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) || (isityp(lt) && rt == PTR)) {
1335 		switch (op) {
1336 		case INIT:
1337 		case RETURN:
1338 			/* illegal combination of pointer and integer */
1339 			warning(183);
1340 			break;
1341 		case FARG:
1342 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., arg #%d */
1343 			warning(154, arg);
1344 			break;
1345 		default:
1346 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., op %s */
1347 			warning(123, mp->m_name);
1348 			break;
1349 		}
1350 		return (1);
1351 	}
1352 
1353 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
1354 		switch (op) {
1355 		case INIT:
1356 		case RETURN:
1357 			illptrc(NULL, ltp, rtp);
1358 			break;
1359 		case FARG:
1360 			/* argument has incompatible pointer type, arg #%d */
1361 			warning(153, arg, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), ltp),
1362 			    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rtp));
1363 			break;
1364 		default:
1365 			illptrc(mp, ltp, rtp);
1366 			break;
1367 		}
1368 		return (1);
1369 	}
1370 
1371 	switch (op) {
1372 	case INIT:
1373 		/* initialisation type mismatch */
1374 		error(185);
1375 		break;
1376 	case RETURN:
1377 		/* return value type mismatch */
1378 		error(211);
1379 		break;
1380 	case FARG:
1381 		/* argument is incompatible with prototype, arg #%d */
1382 		warning(155, arg);
1383 		break;
1384 	default:
1385 		incompat(op, lt, rt);
1386 		break;
1387 	}
1388 
1389 	return (0);
1390 }
1391 
1392 /*
1393  * Prints a warning if an operator, which should be senseless for an
1394  * enum type, is applied to an enum type.
1395  */
1396 static void
1397 chkbeop(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1398 {
1399 	mod_t	*mp;
1400 
1401 	if (!eflag)
1402 		return;
1403 
1404 	mp = &modtab[op];
1405 
1406 	if (!(ln->tn_type->t_isenum ||
1407 	      (mp->m_binary && rn->tn_type->t_isenum))) {
1408 		return;
1409 	}
1410 
1411 	/*
1412 	 * Enum as offset to a pointer is an exception (otherwise enums
1413 	 * could not be used as array indizes).
1414 	 */
1415 	if (op == PLUS &&
1416 	    ((ln->tn_type->t_isenum && rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) ||
1417 	     (rn->tn_type->t_isenum && ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR))) {
1418 		return;
1419 	}
1420 
1421 	/* dubious operation on enum, op %s */
1422 	warning(241, mp->m_name);
1423 
1424 }
1425 
1426 /*
1427  * Prints a warning if an operator is applied to two different enum types.
1428  */
1429 static void
1430 chkeop2(op_t op, int arg, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1431 {
1432 	mod_t	*mp;
1433 
1434 	mp = &modtab[op];
1435 
1436 	if (ln->tn_type->t_enum != rn->tn_type->t_enum) {
1437 		switch (op) {
1438 		case INIT:
1439 			/* enum type mismatch in initialisation */
1440 			warning(210);
1441 			break;
1442 		case FARG:
1443 			/* enum type mismatch, arg #%d */
1444 			warning(156, arg);
1445 			break;
1446 		case RETURN:
1447 			/* return value type mismatch */
1448 			warning(211);
1449 			break;
1450 		default:
1451 			/* enum type mismatch, op %s */
1452 			warning(130, mp->m_name);
1453 			break;
1454 		}
1455 	} else if (Pflag && mp->m_comp && op != EQ && op != NE) {
1456 		if (eflag)
1457 			/* dubious comparisons of enums */
1458 			warning(243, mp->m_name);
1459 	}
1460 }
1461 
1462 /*
1463  * Prints a warning if an operator has both enum end other integer
1464  * types.
1465  */
1466 static void
1467 chkeop1(op_t op, int arg, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1468 {
1469 	char lbuf[64], rbuf[64];
1470 
1471 	if (!eflag)
1472 		return;
1473 
1474 	switch (op) {
1475 	case INIT:
1476 		/*
1477 		 * Initializations with 0 should be allowed. Otherwise,
1478 		 * we should complain about all uninitialized enums,
1479 		 * consequently.
1480 		 */
1481 		if (!rn->tn_type->t_isenum && rn->tn_op == CON &&
1482 		    isityp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec) && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0) {
1483 			return;
1484 		}
1485 		/* initialisation of '%s' with '%s' */
1486 		warning(277, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), ln->tn_type),
1487 		    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rn->tn_type));
1488 		break;
1489 	case FARG:
1490 		/* combination of '%s' and '%s', arg #%d */
1491 		warning(278, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), ln->tn_type),
1492 		    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rn->tn_type), arg);
1493 		break;
1494 	case RETURN:
1495 		/* combination of '%s' and '%s' in return */
1496 		warning(279, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), ln->tn_type),
1497 		    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rn->tn_type));
1498 		break;
1499 	default:
1500 		/* combination of '%s' and %s, op %s */
1501 		warning(242, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), ln->tn_type),
1502 		    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), rn->tn_type),
1503 		    modtab[op].m_name);
1504 		break;
1505 	}
1506 }
1507 
1508 /*
1509  * Build and initialize a new node.
1510  */
1511 static tnode_t *
1512 mktnode(op_t op, type_t *type, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
1513 {
1514 	tnode_t	*ntn;
1515 	tspec_t	t;
1516 #ifdef notyet
1517 	size_t l;
1518 	uint64_t rnum;
1519 #endif
1520 
1521 	ntn = getnode();
1522 
1523 	ntn->tn_op = op;
1524 	ntn->tn_type = type;
1525 	ntn->tn_left = ln;
1526 	ntn->tn_right = rn;
1527 
1528 	switch (op) {
1529 #ifdef notyet
1530 	case SHR:
1531 		if (rn->tn_op != CON)
1532 			break;
1533 		rnum = rn->tn_val->v_quad;
1534 		l = tsize(ln->tn_type) / CHAR_BIT;
1535 		t = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
1536 		switch (l) {
1537 		case 8:
1538 			if (rnum >= 56)
1539 				t = UCHAR;
1540 			else if (rnum >= 48)
1541 				t = USHORT;
1542 			else if (rnum >= 32)
1543 				t = UINT;
1544 			break;
1545 		case 4:
1546 			if (rnum >= 24)
1547 				t = UCHAR;
1548 			else if (rnum >= 16)
1549 				t = USHORT;
1550 			break;
1551 		case 2:
1552 			if (rnum >= 8)
1553 				t = UCHAR;
1554 			break;
1555 		default:
1556 			break;
1557 		}
1558 		if (t != ln->tn_type->t_tspec)
1559 			ntn->tn_type->t_tspec = t;
1560 		break;
1561 #endif
1562 	case STAR:
1563 	case FSEL:
1564 		if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
1565 			t = ln->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1566 			if (t != FUNC && t != VOID)
1567 				ntn->tn_lvalue = 1;
1568 		} else {
1569 			LERROR("mktnode()");
1570 		}
1571 		break;
1572 	default:
1573 		break;
1574 	}
1575 
1576 	return ntn;
1577 }
1578 
1579 /*
1580  * Performs usual conversion of operands to (unsigned) int.
1581  *
1582  * If tflag is set or the operand is a function argument with no
1583  * type information (no prototype or variable # of args), convert
1584  * float to double.
1585  */
1586 tnode_t *
1587 promote(op_t op, int farg, tnode_t *tn)
1588 {
1589 	tspec_t	t;
1590 	type_t	*ntp;
1591 	u_int	len;
1592 
1593 	t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
1594 
1595 	if (!isatyp(t))
1596 		return (tn);
1597 
1598 	if (!tflag) {
1599 		/*
1600 		 * ANSI C requires that the result is always of type INT
1601 		 * if INT can represent all possible values of the previous
1602 		 * type.
1603 		 */
1604 		if (tn->tn_type->t_isfield) {
1605 			len = tn->tn_type->t_flen;
1606 			if (size(INT) > len) {
1607 				t = INT;
1608 			} else {
1609 				if (size(INT) != len)
1610 					LERROR("promote()");
1611 				if (isutyp(t)) {
1612 					t = UINT;
1613 				} else {
1614 					t = INT;
1615 				}
1616 			}
1617 		} else if (t == CHAR || t == UCHAR || t == SCHAR) {
1618 			t = (size(CHAR) < size(INT) || t != UCHAR) ?
1619 				INT : UINT;
1620 		} else if (t == SHORT || t == USHORT) {
1621 			t = (size(SHORT) < size(INT) || t == SHORT) ?
1622 				INT : UINT;
1623 		} else if (t == ENUM) {
1624 			t = INT;
1625 		} else if (farg && t == FLOAT) {
1626 			t = DOUBLE;
1627 		}
1628 	} else {
1629 		/*
1630 		 * In traditional C, keep unsigned and promote FLOAT
1631 		 * to DOUBLE.
1632 		 */
1633 		if (t == UCHAR || t == USHORT) {
1634 			t = UINT;
1635 		} else if (t == CHAR || t == SCHAR || t == SHORT) {
1636 			t = INT;
1637 		} else if (t == FLOAT) {
1638 			t = DOUBLE;
1639 		} else if (t == ENUM) {
1640 			t = INT;
1641 		}
1642 	}
1643 
1644 	if (t != tn->tn_type->t_tspec) {
1645 		ntp = tduptyp(tn->tn_type);
1646 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1647 		/*
1648 		 * Keep t_isenum so we are later able to check compatibility
1649 		 * of enum types.
1650 		 */
1651 		tn = convert(op, 0, ntp, tn);
1652 	}
1653 
1654 	return (tn);
1655 }
1656 
1657 /*
1658  * Insert conversions which are necessary to give both operands the same
1659  * type. This is done in different ways for traditional C and ANIS C.
1660  */
1661 static void
1662 balance(op_t op, tnode_t **lnp, tnode_t **rnp)
1663 {
1664 	tspec_t	lt, rt, t;
1665 	int	i, u;
1666 	type_t	*ntp;
1667 	static	tspec_t	tl[] = {
1668 		LDOUBLE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, UQUAD, QUAD, ULONG, LONG, UINT, INT,
1669 	};
1670 
1671 	lt = (*lnp)->tn_type->t_tspec;
1672 	rt = (*rnp)->tn_type->t_tspec;
1673 
1674 	if (!isatyp(lt) || !isatyp(rt))
1675 		return;
1676 
1677 	if (!tflag) {
1678 		if (lt == rt) {
1679 			t = lt;
1680 		} else if (lt == LCOMPLEX || rt == LCOMPLEX) {
1681 			t = LCOMPLEX;
1682 		} else if (lt == DCOMPLEX || rt == DCOMPLEX) {
1683 			t = DCOMPLEX;
1684 		} else if (lt == COMPLEX || rt == COMPLEX) {
1685 			t = COMPLEX;
1686 		} else if (lt == FCOMPLEX || rt == FCOMPLEX) {
1687 			t = FCOMPLEX;
1688 		} else if (lt == LDOUBLE || rt == LDOUBLE) {
1689 			t = LDOUBLE;
1690 		} else if (lt == DOUBLE || rt == DOUBLE) {
1691 			t = DOUBLE;
1692 		} else if (lt == FLOAT || rt == FLOAT) {
1693 			t = FLOAT;
1694 		} else {
1695 			/*
1696 			 * If type A has more bits than type B it should
1697 			 * be able to hold all possible values of type B.
1698 			 */
1699 			if (size(lt) > size(rt)) {
1700 				t = lt;
1701 			} else if (size(lt) < size(rt)) {
1702 				t = rt;
1703 			} else {
1704 				for (i = 3; tl[i] != INT; i++) {
1705 					if (tl[i] == lt || tl[i] == rt)
1706 						break;
1707 				}
1708 				if ((isutyp(lt) || isutyp(rt)) &&
1709 				    !isutyp(tl[i])) {
1710 					i--;
1711 				}
1712 				t = tl[i];
1713 			}
1714 		}
1715 	} else {
1716 		/* Keep unsigned in traditional C */
1717 		u = isutyp(lt) || isutyp(rt);
1718 		for (i = 0; tl[i] != INT; i++) {
1719 			if (lt == tl[i] || rt == tl[i])
1720 				break;
1721 		}
1722 		t = tl[i];
1723 		if (u && isityp(t) && !isutyp(t))
1724 			t = utyp(t);
1725 	}
1726 
1727 	if (t != lt) {
1728 		ntp = tduptyp((*lnp)->tn_type);
1729 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1730 		*lnp = convert(op, 0, ntp, *lnp);
1731 	}
1732 	if (t != rt) {
1733 		ntp = tduptyp((*rnp)->tn_type);
1734 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1735 		*rnp = convert(op, 0, ntp, *rnp);
1736 	}
1737 }
1738 
1739 /*
1740  * Insert a conversion operator, which converts the type of the node
1741  * to another given type.
1742  * If op is FARG, arg is the number of the argument (used for warnings).
1743  */
1744 tnode_t *
1745 convert(op_t op, int arg, type_t *tp, tnode_t *tn)
1746 {
1747 	tnode_t	*ntn;
1748 	tspec_t	nt, ot, ost = NOTSPEC;
1749 
1750 	if (tn->tn_lvalue)
1751 		LERROR("convert()");
1752 
1753 	nt = tp->t_tspec;
1754 	if ((ot = tn->tn_type->t_tspec) == PTR)
1755 		ost = tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1756 
1757 	if (!tflag && !sflag && op == FARG)
1758 		ptconv(arg, nt, ot, tp, tn);
1759 	if (isityp(nt) && isityp(ot)) {
1760 		iiconv(op, arg, nt, ot, tp, tn);
1761 	} else if (nt == PTR && ((ot == PTR && ost == VOID) || isityp(ot)) &&
1762 		   tn->tn_op == CON && tn->tn_val->v_quad == 0) {
1763 		/* 0, 0L and (void *)0 may be assigned to any pointer. */
1764 	} else if (isityp(nt) && ot == PTR) {
1765 		piconv(op, nt, tp, tn);
1766 	} else if (nt == PTR && ot == PTR) {
1767 		ppconv(op, tn, tp);
1768 	}
1769 
1770 	ntn = getnode();
1771 	ntn->tn_op = CVT;
1772 	ntn->tn_type = tp;
1773 	ntn->tn_cast = op == CVT;
1774 	if (tn->tn_op != CON || nt == VOID) {
1775 		ntn->tn_left = tn;
1776 	} else {
1777 		ntn->tn_op = CON;
1778 		ntn->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
1779 		cvtcon(op, arg, ntn->tn_type, ntn->tn_val, tn->tn_val);
1780 	}
1781 
1782 	return (ntn);
1783 }
1784 
1785 /*
1786  * Print a warning if a prototype causes a type conversion that is
1787  * different from what would happen to the same argument in the
1788  * absence of a prototype.
1789  *
1790  * Errors/Warnings about illegal type combinations are already printed
1791  * in asgntypok().
1792  */
1793 static void
1794 ptconv(int arg, tspec_t nt, tspec_t ot, type_t *tp, tnode_t *tn)
1795 {
1796 	tnode_t	*ptn;
1797 	char buf[64];
1798 
1799 	if (!isatyp(nt) || !isatyp(ot))
1800 		return;
1801 
1802 	/*
1803 	 * If the type of the formal parameter is char/short, a warning
1804 	 * would be useless, because functions declared the old style
1805 	 * can't expect char/short arguments.
1806 	 */
1807 	if (nt == CHAR || nt == UCHAR || nt == SHORT || nt == USHORT)
1808 		return;
1809 
1810 	/* get default promotion */
1811 	ptn = promote(NOOP, 1, tn);
1812 	ot = ptn->tn_type->t_tspec;
1813 
1814 	/* return if types are the same with and without prototype */
1815 	if (nt == ot || (nt == ENUM && ot == INT))
1816 		return;
1817 
1818 	if (isftyp(nt) != isftyp(ot) || psize(nt) != psize(ot)) {
1819 		/* representation and/or width change */
1820 		if (!isityp(ot) || psize(ot) > psize(INT)) {
1821 			/* conversion to '%s' due to prototype, arg #%d */
1822 			warning(259, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), tp), arg);
1823 		}
1824 	} else if (hflag) {
1825 		/*
1826 		 * they differ in sign or base type (char, short, int,
1827 		 * long, long long, float, double, long double)
1828 		 *
1829 		 * if they differ only in sign and the argument is a constant
1830 		 * and the msb of the argument is not set, print no warning
1831 		 */
1832 		if (ptn->tn_op == CON && isityp(nt) && styp(nt) == styp(ot) &&
1833 		    msb(ptn->tn_val->v_quad, ot, -1) == 0) {
1834 			/* ok */
1835 		} else {
1836 			/* conversion to '%s' due to prototype, arg #%d */
1837 			warning(259, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), tp), arg);
1838 		}
1839 	}
1840 }
1841 
1842 /*
1843  * Print warnings for conversions of integer types which my cause
1844  * problems.
1845  */
1846 /* ARGSUSED */
1847 static void
1848 iiconv(op_t op, int arg, tspec_t nt, tspec_t ot, type_t *tp, tnode_t *tn)
1849 {
1850 	char lbuf[64], rbuf[64], opbuf[16];
1851 	if (tn->tn_op == CON)
1852 		return;
1853 
1854 	if (op == CVT)
1855 		return;
1856 
1857 	if (Pflag && psize(nt) > psize(ot) && isutyp(nt) != isutyp(ot)) {
1858 		/* conversion to %s may sign-extend incorrectly (, arg #%d) */
1859 		if (aflag && pflag) {
1860 			if (op == FARG) {
1861 				warning(297, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), tp),
1862 				    arg);
1863 			} else {
1864 				warning(131, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), tp));
1865 			}
1866 		}
1867 	}
1868 
1869 	if (Pflag && psize(nt) > psize(ot)) {
1870 		switch (tn->tn_op) {
1871 		case PLUS:
1872 		case MINUS:
1873 		case MULT:
1874 		case SHL:
1875 			warning(324,
1876 			    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), gettyp(ot)),
1877 			    tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), tp),
1878 			    prtnode(opbuf, sizeof(opbuf), tn));
1879 			break;
1880 		default:
1881 			break;
1882 		}
1883 	}
1884 
1885 	if (psize(nt) < psize(ot) &&
1886 	    (ot == LONG || ot == ULONG || ot == QUAD || ot == UQUAD ||
1887 	     aflag > 1)) {
1888 		/* conversion from '%s' may lose accuracy */
1889 		if (aflag) {
1890 			if (op == FARG) {
1891 				warning(298,
1892 				    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tn->tn_type),
1893 				    tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), tp),
1894 				    arg);
1895 			} else {
1896 				warning(132,
1897 				    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tn->tn_type),
1898 				    tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf), tp));
1899 			}
1900 		}
1901 	}
1902 }
1903 
1904 /*
1905  * Print warnings for dubious conversions of pointer to integer.
1906  */
1907 static void
1908 piconv(op_t op, tspec_t nt, type_t *tp, tnode_t *tn)
1909 {
1910 	char buf[64];
1911 
1912 	if (tn->tn_op == CON)
1913 		return;
1914 
1915 	if (op != CVT) {
1916 		/* We got already an error. */
1917 		return;
1918 	}
1919 
1920 	if (psize(nt) < psize(PTR)) {
1921 		if (pflag && size(nt) >= size(PTR)) {
1922 			/* conv. of pointer to %s may lose bits */
1923 			warning(134, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), tp));
1924 		} else {
1925 			/* conv. of pointer to %s loses bits */
1926 			warning(133, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), tp));
1927 		}
1928 	}
1929 }
1930 
1931 /*
1932  * Print warnings for questionable pointer conversions.
1933  */
1934 static void
1935 ppconv(op_t op, tnode_t *tn, type_t *tp)
1936 {
1937 	tspec_t nt, ot;
1938 	const	char *nts, *ots;
1939 
1940 	/*
1941 	 * We got already an error (pointers of different types
1942 	 * without a cast) or we will not get a warning.
1943 	 */
1944 	if (op != CVT)
1945 		return;
1946 
1947 	nt = tp->t_subt->t_tspec;
1948 	ot = tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1949 
1950 	if (nt == VOID || ot == VOID) {
1951 		if (sflag && (nt == FUNC || ot == FUNC)) {
1952 			/* (void *)0 already handled in convert() */
1953 			*(nt == FUNC ? &nts : &ots) = "function pointer";
1954 			*(nt == VOID ? &nts : &ots) = "'void *'";
1955 			/* ANSI C forbids conversion of %s to %s */
1956 			warning(303, ots, nts);
1957 		}
1958 		return;
1959 	} else if (nt == FUNC && ot == FUNC) {
1960 		return;
1961 	} else if (nt == FUNC || ot == FUNC) {
1962 		/* questionable conversion of function pointer */
1963 		warning(229);
1964 		return;
1965 	}
1966 
1967 	if (getbound(tp->t_subt) > getbound(tn->tn_type->t_subt)) {
1968 		if (hflag)
1969 			/* possible pointer alignment problem */
1970 			warning(135);
1971 	}
1972 	if (((nt == STRUCT || nt == UNION) &&
1973 	     tp->t_subt->t_str != tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_str) ||
1974 	    psize(nt) != psize(ot)) {
1975 		if (cflag) {
1976 			/* pointer casts may be troublesome */
1977 			warning(247);
1978 		}
1979 	}
1980 }
1981 
1982 /*
1983  * Converts a typed constant in a constant of another type.
1984  *
1985  * op		operator which requires conversion
1986  * arg		if op is FARG, # of argument
1987  * tp		type in which to convert the constant
1988  * nv		new constant
1989  * v		old constant
1990  */
1991 void
1992 cvtcon(op_t op, int arg, type_t *tp, val_t *nv, val_t *v)
1993 {
1994 	char lbuf[64], rbuf[64];
1995 	tspec_t	ot, nt;
1996 	ldbl_t	max = 0.0, min = 0.0;
1997 	int	sz, rchk;
1998 	int64_t	xmask, xmsk1;
1999 	int	osz, nsz;
2000 
2001 	ot = v->v_tspec;
2002 	nt = nv->v_tspec = tp->t_tspec;
2003 	rchk = 0;
2004 
2005 	if (ot == FLOAT || ot == DOUBLE || ot == LDOUBLE) {
2006 		switch (nt) {
2007 		case BOOL:
2008 			max = 1;		min = 0;		break;
2009 		case CHAR:
2010 			max = CHAR_MAX;		min = CHAR_MIN;		break;
2011 		case UCHAR:
2012 			max = UCHAR_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
2013 		case SCHAR:
2014 			max = SCHAR_MAX;	min = SCHAR_MIN;	break;
2015 		case SHORT:
2016 			max = SHRT_MAX;		min = SHRT_MIN;		break;
2017 		case USHORT:
2018 			max = USHRT_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
2019 		case ENUM:
2020 		case INT:
2021 			max = INT_MAX;		min = INT_MIN;		break;
2022 		case UINT:
2023 			max = (u_int)UINT_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
2024 		case LONG:
2025 			max = LONG_MAX;		min = LONG_MIN;		break;
2026 		case ULONG:
2027 			max = (u_long)ULONG_MAX; min = 0;		break;
2028 		case QUAD:
2029 			max = QUAD_MAX;		min = QUAD_MIN;		break;
2030 		case UQUAD:
2031 			max = (uint64_t)UQUAD_MAX; min = 0;		break;
2032 		case FLOAT:
2033 		case FCOMPLEX:
2034 			max = FLT_MAX;		min = -FLT_MAX;		break;
2035 		case DOUBLE:
2036 		case DCOMPLEX:
2037 			max = DBL_MAX;		min = -DBL_MAX;		break;
2038 		case PTR:
2039 			/* Got already an error because of float --> ptr */
2040 		case LDOUBLE:
2041 		case LCOMPLEX:
2042 			max = LDBL_MAX;		min = -LDBL_MAX;	break;
2043 		default:
2044 			LERROR("cvtcon()");
2045 		}
2046 		if (v->v_ldbl > max || v->v_ldbl < min) {
2047 			if (nt == LDOUBLE)
2048 				LERROR("cvtcon()");
2049 			if (op == FARG) {
2050 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
2051 				warning(295, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2052 				    gettyp(ot)), tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp),
2053 				    arg);
2054 			} else {
2055 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
2056 				warning(119, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2057 				    gettyp(ot)),
2058 				    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp));
2059 			}
2060 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl > 0 ? max : min;
2061 		}
2062 		if (nt == FLOAT) {
2063 			nv->v_ldbl = (float)v->v_ldbl;
2064 		} else if (nt == DOUBLE) {
2065 			nv->v_ldbl = (double)v->v_ldbl;
2066 		} else if (nt == LDOUBLE) {
2067 			nv->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl;
2068 		} else {
2069 			nv->v_quad = (nt == PTR || isutyp(nt)) ?
2070 				(int64_t)v->v_ldbl : (int64_t)v->v_ldbl;
2071 		}
2072 	} else {
2073 		if (nt == FLOAT) {
2074 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
2075 			       (float)(uint64_t)v->v_quad : (float)v->v_quad;
2076 		} else if (nt == DOUBLE) {
2077 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
2078 			       (double)(uint64_t)v->v_quad : (double)v->v_quad;
2079 		} else if (nt == LDOUBLE) {
2080 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
2081 			       (ldbl_t)(uint64_t)v->v_quad : (ldbl_t)v->v_quad;
2082 		} else {
2083 			rchk = 1;		/* Check for lost precision. */
2084 			nv->v_quad = v->v_quad;
2085 		}
2086 	}
2087 
2088 	if (v->v_ansiu && isftyp(nt)) {
2089 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned */
2090 		warning(157);
2091 		v->v_ansiu = 0;
2092 	} else if (v->v_ansiu && (isityp(nt) && !isutyp(nt) &&
2093 				  psize(nt) > psize(ot))) {
2094 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned */
2095 		warning(157);
2096 		v->v_ansiu = 0;
2097 	}
2098 
2099 	if (nt != FLOAT && nt != DOUBLE && nt != LDOUBLE) {
2100 		sz = tp->t_isfield ? tp->t_flen : size(nt);
2101 		nv->v_quad = xsign(nv->v_quad, nt, sz);
2102 	}
2103 
2104 	if (rchk && op != CVT) {
2105 		osz = size(ot);
2106 		nsz = tp->t_isfield ? tp->t_flen : size(nt);
2107 		xmask = qlmasks[nsz] ^ qlmasks[osz];
2108 		xmsk1 = qlmasks[nsz] ^ qlmasks[osz - 1];
2109 		/*
2110 		 * For bitwise operations we are not interested in the
2111 		 * value, but in the bits itself.
2112 		 */
2113 		if (op == ORASS || op == OR || op == XOR) {
2114 			/*
2115 			 * Print a warning if bits which were set are
2116 			 * lost due to the conversion.
2117 			 * This can happen with operator ORASS only.
2118 			 */
2119 			if (nsz < osz && (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0) {
2120 				/* constant truncated by conv., op %s */
2121 				warning(306, modtab[op].m_name);
2122 			}
2123 		} else if (op == ANDASS || op == AND) {
2124 			/*
2125 			 * Print a warning if additional bits are not all 1
2126 			 * and the most significant bit of the old value is 1,
2127 			 * or if at least one (but not all) removed bit was 0.
2128 			 */
2129 			if (nsz > osz &&
2130 			    (nv->v_quad & qbmasks[osz - 1]) != 0 &&
2131 			    (nv->v_quad & xmask) != xmask) {
2132 				/*
2133 				 * extra bits set to 0 in conversion
2134 				 * of '%s' to '%s', op %s
2135 				 */
2136 				warning(309, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2137 				    gettyp(ot)), tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp),
2138 				    modtab[op].m_name);
2139 			} else if (nsz < osz &&
2140 				   (v->v_quad & xmask) != xmask &&
2141 				   (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0) {
2142 				/* const. truncated by conv., op %s */
2143 				warning(306, modtab[op].m_name);
2144 			}
2145 		} else if ((nt != PTR && isutyp(nt)) &&
2146 			   (ot != PTR && !isutyp(ot)) && v->v_quad < 0) {
2147 			if (op == ASSIGN) {
2148 				/* assignment of negative constant to ... */
2149 				warning(164);
2150 			} else if (op == INIT) {
2151 				/* initialisation of unsigned with neg. ... */
2152 				warning(221);
2153 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2154 				/* conversion of neg. const. to ..., arg #%d */
2155 				warning(296, arg);
2156 			} else if (modtab[op].m_comp) {
2157 				/* we get this warning already in chkcomp() */
2158 			} else {
2159 				/* conversion of negative constant to ... */
2160 				warning(222);
2161 			}
2162 		} else if (nv->v_quad != v->v_quad && nsz <= osz &&
2163 			   (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0 &&
2164 			   (isutyp(ot) || (v->v_quad & xmsk1) != xmsk1)) {
2165 			/*
2166 			 * Loss of significant bit(s). All truncated bits
2167 			 * of unsigned types or all truncated bits plus the
2168 			 * msb of the target for signed types are considered
2169 			 * to be significant bits. Loss of significant bits
2170 			 * means that at least on of the bits was set in an
2171 			 * unsigned type or that at least one, but not all of
2172 			 * the bits was set in an signed type.
2173 			 * Loss of significant bits means that it is not
2174 			 * possible, also not with necessary casts, to convert
2175 			 * back to the original type. A example for a
2176 			 * necessary cast is:
2177 			 *	char c;	int	i; c = 128;
2178 			 *	i = c;			** yields -128 **
2179 			 *	i = (unsigned char)c;	** yields 128 **
2180 			 */
2181 			if (op == ASSIGN && tp->t_isfield) {
2182 				/* precision lost in bit-field assignment */
2183 				warning(166);
2184 			} else if (op == ASSIGN) {
2185 				/* constant truncated by assignment */
2186 				warning(165);
2187 			} else if (op == INIT && tp->t_isfield) {
2188 				/* bit-field initializer does not fit */
2189 				warning(180);
2190 			} else if (op == INIT) {
2191 				/* initializer does not fit */
2192 				warning(178);
2193 			} else if (op == CASE) {
2194 				/* case label affected by conversion */
2195 				warning(196);
2196 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2197 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
2198 				warning(295, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2199 				    gettyp(ot)), tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp),
2200 				    arg);
2201 			} else {
2202 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
2203 				warning(119, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2204 				    gettyp(ot)),
2205 				    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp));
2206 			}
2207 		} else if (nv->v_quad != v->v_quad) {
2208 			if (op == ASSIGN && tp->t_isfield) {
2209 				/* precision lost in bit-field assignment */
2210 				warning(166);
2211 			} else if (op == INIT && tp->t_isfield) {
2212 				/* bit-field initializer out of range */
2213 				warning(11);
2214 			} else if (op == CASE) {
2215 				/* case label affected by conversion */
2216 				warning(196);
2217 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2218 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
2219 				warning(295, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2220 				    gettyp(ot)), tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp),
2221 				    arg);
2222 			} else {
2223 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
2224 				warning(119, tyname(lbuf, sizeof(lbuf),
2225 				    gettyp(ot)),
2226 				    tyname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), tp));
2227 			}
2228 		}
2229 	}
2230 }
2231 
2232 /*
2233  * Called if incompatible types were detected.
2234  * Prints a appropriate warning.
2235  */
2236 static void
2237 incompat(op_t op, tspec_t lt, tspec_t rt)
2238 {
2239 	mod_t	*mp;
2240 	int e = 0;
2241 
2242 	mp = &modtab[op];
2243 
2244 	if (lt == VOID || (mp->m_binary && rt == VOID)) {
2245 		/* void type illegal in expression */
2246 		e = 109;
2247 	} else if (op == ASSIGN) {
2248 		if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) &&
2249 		    (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION)) {
2250 			/* assignment of different structures */
2251 			e = 240;
2252 		} else {
2253 			/* assignment type mismatch */
2254 			e = 171;
2255 		}
2256 	} else if (mp->m_binary) {
2257 		/* operands of %s have incompatible types */
2258 		e = 107;
2259 	} else {
2260 		/* operand of %s has incompatible type */
2261 		e = 108;
2262 	}
2263 	switch (e) {
2264 	case 0:
2265 		return;
2266 	case 109:
2267 		error(e);
2268 		return;
2269 	case 108:
2270 	case 107:
2271 		error(e, mp->m_name, basictyname(lt), basictyname(rt));
2272 		return;
2273 	default:
2274 		error(e, basictyname(lt), basictyname(rt));
2275 		return;
2276 	}
2277 }
2278 
2279 /*
2280  * Called if incompatible pointer types are detected.
2281  * Print an appropriate warning.
2282  */
2283 static void
2284 illptrc(mod_t *mp, type_t *ltp, type_t *rtp)
2285 {
2286 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
2287 
2288 	if (ltp->t_tspec != PTR || rtp->t_tspec != PTR)
2289 		LERROR("illptrc()");
2290 
2291 	lt = ltp->t_subt->t_tspec;
2292 	rt = rtp->t_subt->t_tspec;
2293 
2294 	if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) && (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION)) {
2295 		if (mp == NULL) {
2296 			/* illegal structure pointer combination */
2297 			warning(244);
2298 		} else {
2299 			/* illegal structure pointer combination, op %s */
2300 			warning(245, mp->m_name);
2301 		}
2302 	} else {
2303 		if (mp == NULL) {
2304 			/* illegal pointer combination */
2305 			warning(184);
2306 		} else {
2307 			/* illegal pointer combination, op %s */
2308 			warning(124, mp->m_name);
2309 		}
2310 	}
2311 }
2312 
2313 /*
2314  * Make sure type (*tpp)->t_subt has at least the qualifiers
2315  * of tp1->t_subt and tp2->t_subt.
2316  */
2317 static void
2318 mrgqual(type_t **tpp, type_t *tp1, type_t *tp2)
2319 {
2320 
2321 	if ((*tpp)->t_tspec != PTR ||
2322 	    tp1->t_tspec != PTR || tp2->t_tspec != PTR) {
2323 		LERROR("mrgqual()");
2324 	}
2325 
2326 	if ((*tpp)->t_subt->t_const ==
2327 	    (tp1->t_subt->t_const | tp2->t_subt->t_const) &&
2328 	    (*tpp)->t_subt->t_volatile ==
2329 	    (tp1->t_subt->t_volatile | tp2->t_subt->t_volatile)) {
2330 		return;
2331 	}
2332 
2333 	*tpp = tduptyp(*tpp);
2334 	(*tpp)->t_subt = tduptyp((*tpp)->t_subt);
2335 	(*tpp)->t_subt->t_const =
2336 		tp1->t_subt->t_const | tp2->t_subt->t_const;
2337 	(*tpp)->t_subt->t_volatile =
2338 		tp1->t_subt->t_volatile | tp2->t_subt->t_volatile;
2339 }
2340 
2341 /*
2342  * Returns 1 if the given structure or union has a constant member
2343  * (maybe recursively).
2344  */
2345 static int
2346 conmemb(type_t *tp)
2347 {
2348 	sym_t	*m;
2349 	tspec_t	t;
2350 
2351 	if ((t = tp->t_tspec) != STRUCT && t != UNION)
2352 		LERROR("conmemb()");
2353 	for (m = tp->t_str->memb; m != NULL; m = m->s_nxt) {
2354 		tp = m->s_type;
2355 		if (tp->t_const)
2356 			return (1);
2357 		if ((t = tp->t_tspec) == STRUCT || t == UNION) {
2358 			if (conmemb(m->s_type))
2359 				return (1);
2360 		}
2361 	}
2362 	return (0);
2363 }
2364 
2365 /*
2366  * Create a new node for one of the operators POINT and ARROW.
2367  */
2368 static tnode_t *
2369 bldstr(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
2370 {
2371 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2372 	int	nolval;
2373 
2374 	if (rn->tn_op != NAME)
2375 		LERROR("bldstr()");
2376 	if (rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_tspec != INT)
2377 		LERROR("bldstr()");
2378 	if (rn->tn_sym->s_scl != MOS && rn->tn_sym->s_scl != MOU)
2379 		LERROR("bldstr()");
2380 
2381 	/*
2382 	 * Remember if the left operand is an lvalue (structure members
2383 	 * are lvalues if and only if the structure itself is an lvalue).
2384 	 */
2385 	nolval = op == POINT && !ln->tn_lvalue;
2386 
2387 	if (op == POINT) {
2388 		ln = bldamper(ln, 1);
2389 	} else if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR) {
2390 		if (!tflag || !isityp(ln->tn_type->t_tspec))
2391 			LERROR("bldstr()");
2392 		ln = convert(NOOP, 0, tincref(gettyp(VOID), PTR), ln);
2393 	}
2394 
2395 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2396 	ctn = getinode(LONG, rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_quad / CHAR_BIT);
2397 #else
2398 	ctn = getinode(INT, rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_quad / CHAR_BIT);
2399 #endif
2400 
2401 	ntn = mktnode(PLUS, tincref(rn->tn_type, PTR), ln, ctn);
2402 	if (ln->tn_op == CON)
2403 		ntn = fold(ntn);
2404 
2405 	if (rn->tn_type->t_isfield) {
2406 		ntn = mktnode(FSEL, ntn->tn_type->t_subt, ntn, NULL);
2407 	} else {
2408 		ntn = mktnode(STAR, ntn->tn_type->t_subt, ntn, NULL);
2409 	}
2410 
2411 	if (nolval)
2412 		ntn->tn_lvalue = 0;
2413 
2414 	return (ntn);
2415 }
2416 
2417 /*
2418  * Create a node for INCAFT, INCBEF, DECAFT and DECBEF.
2419  */
2420 static tnode_t *
2421 bldincdec(op_t op, tnode_t *ln)
2422 {
2423 	tnode_t	*cn, *ntn;
2424 
2425 	if (ln == NULL)
2426 		LERROR("bldincdec()");
2427 
2428 	if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
2429 		cn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2430 	} else {
2431 		cn = getinode(INT, (int64_t)1);
2432 	}
2433 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, cn);
2434 
2435 	return (ntn);
2436 }
2437 
2438 /*
2439  * Create a node for REAL, IMAG
2440  */
2441 static tnode_t *
2442 bldri(op_t op, tnode_t *ln)
2443 {
2444 	tnode_t	*cn, *ntn;
2445 	char buf[64];
2446 
2447 	if (ln == NULL)
2448 		LERROR("bldincdec()");
2449 
2450 	switch (ln->tn_type->t_tspec) {
2451 	case LCOMPLEX:
2452 		cn = getinode(LDOUBLE, (int64_t)1);
2453 		break;
2454 	case DCOMPLEX:
2455 		cn = getinode(DOUBLE, (int64_t)1);
2456 		break;
2457 	case FCOMPLEX:
2458 		cn = getinode(FLOAT, (int64_t)1);
2459 		break;
2460 	default:
2461 		error(276, op == REAL ? "real" : "imag",
2462 		    tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), ln->tn_type));
2463 		return NULL;
2464 	}
2465 	ntn = mktnode(op, cn->tn_type, ln, cn);
2466 
2467 	return (ntn);
2468 }
2469 /*
2470  * Create a tree node for the & operator
2471  */
2472 static tnode_t *
2473 bldamper(tnode_t *tn, int noign)
2474 {
2475 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2476 	tspec_t	t;
2477 
2478 	if (!noign && ((t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec) == ARRAY || t == FUNC)) {
2479 		/* & before array or function: ignored */
2480 		if (tflag)
2481 			warning(127);
2482 		return (tn);
2483 	}
2484 
2485 	/* eliminate &* */
2486 	if (tn->tn_op == STAR &&
2487 	    tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR &&
2488 	    tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_subt == tn->tn_type) {
2489 		return (tn->tn_left);
2490 	}
2491 
2492 	ntn = mktnode(AMPER, tincref(tn->tn_type, PTR), tn, NULL);
2493 
2494 	return (ntn);
2495 }
2496 
2497 /*
2498  * Create a node for operators PLUS and MINUS.
2499  */
2500 static tnode_t *
2501 bldplmi(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
2502 {
2503 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2504 	type_t	*tp;
2505 
2506 	/* If pointer and integer, then pointer to the lhs. */
2507 	if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR && isityp(ln->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2508 		ntn = ln;
2509 		ln = rn;
2510 		rn = ntn;
2511 	}
2512 
2513 	if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR && rn->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR) {
2514 
2515 		if (!isityp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec))
2516 			LERROR("bldplmi()");
2517 
2518 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2519 		if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec != ctn->tn_type->t_tspec)
2520 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, ctn->tn_type, rn);
2521 		rn = mktnode(MULT, rn->tn_type, rn, ctn);
2522 		if (rn->tn_left->tn_op == CON)
2523 			rn = fold(rn);
2524 		ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2525 
2526 	} else if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
2527 
2528 		if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR || op != MINUS)
2529 			LERROR("bldplmi()");
2530 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2531 		tp = gettyp(LONG);
2532 #else
2533 		tp = gettyp(INT);
2534 #endif
2535 		ntn = mktnode(op, tp, ln, rn);
2536 		if (ln->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_op == CON)
2537 			ntn = fold(ntn);
2538 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2539 		balance(NOOP, &ntn, &ctn);
2540 		ntn = mktnode(DIV, tp, ntn, ctn);
2541 
2542 	} else {
2543 
2544 		ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2545 
2546 	}
2547 	return (ntn);
2548 }
2549 
2550 /*
2551  * Create a node for operators SHL and SHR.
2552  */
2553 static tnode_t *
2554 bldshft(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
2555 {
2556 	tspec_t	t;
2557 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2558 
2559 	if ((t = rn->tn_type->t_tspec) != INT && t != UINT)
2560 		rn = convert(CVT, 0, gettyp(INT), rn);
2561 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2562 	return (ntn);
2563 }
2564 
2565 /*
2566  * Create a node for COLON.
2567  */
2568 static tnode_t *
2569 bldcol(tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
2570 {
2571 	tspec_t	lt, rt, pdt;
2572 	type_t	*rtp;
2573 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2574 
2575 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
2576 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2577 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2578 	pdt = LONG;
2579 #else
2580 	pdt = INT;
2581 #endif
2582 
2583 	/*
2584 	 * Arithmetic types are balanced, all other type combinations
2585 	 * still need to be handled.
2586 	 */
2587 	if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt)) {
2588 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2589 	} else if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
2590 		rtp = gettyp(VOID);
2591 	} else if (lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) {
2592 		/* Both types must be identical. */
2593 		if (rt != STRUCT && rt != UNION)
2594 			LERROR("bldcol()");
2595 		if (ln->tn_type->t_str != rn->tn_type->t_str)
2596 			LERROR("bldcol()");
2597 		if (incompl(ln->tn_type)) {
2598 			/* unknown operand size, op %s */
2599 			error(138, modtab[COLON].m_name);
2600 			return (NULL);
2601 		}
2602 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2603 	} else if (lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) {
2604 		if (rt != pdt) {
2605 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, gettyp(pdt), rn);
2606 			rt = pdt;
2607 		}
2608 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2609 	} else if (rt == PTR && isityp(lt)) {
2610 		if (lt != pdt) {
2611 			ln = convert(NOOP, 0, gettyp(pdt), ln);
2612 			lt = pdt;
2613 		}
2614 		rtp = rn->tn_type;
2615 	} else if (lt == PTR && ln->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec == VOID) {
2616 		if (rt != PTR)
2617 			LERROR("bldcol()");
2618 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2619 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2620 	} else if (rt == PTR && rn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec == VOID) {
2621 		if (lt != PTR)
2622 			LERROR("bldcol()");
2623 		rtp = rn->tn_type;
2624 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2625 	} else {
2626 		if (lt != PTR || rt != PTR)
2627 			LERROR("bldcol()");
2628 		/*
2629 		 * XXX For now we simply take the left type. This is
2630 		 * probably wrong, if one type contains a functionprototype
2631 		 * and the other one, at the same place, only an old style
2632 		 * declaration.
2633 		 */
2634 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2635 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2636 	}
2637 
2638 	ntn = mktnode(COLON, rtp, ln, rn);
2639 
2640 	return (ntn);
2641 }
2642 
2643 /*
2644  * Create a node for an assignment operator (both = and op= ).
2645  */
2646 static tnode_t *
2647 bldasgn(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
2648 {
2649 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
2650 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2651 
2652 	if (ln == NULL || rn == NULL)
2653 		LERROR("bldasgn()");
2654 
2655 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
2656 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2657 
2658 	if ((op == ADDASS || op == SUBASS) && lt == PTR) {
2659 		if (!isityp(rt))
2660 			LERROR("bldasgn()");
2661 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2662 		if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec != ctn->tn_type->t_tspec)
2663 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, ctn->tn_type, rn);
2664 		rn = mktnode(MULT, rn->tn_type, rn, ctn);
2665 		if (rn->tn_left->tn_op == CON)
2666 			rn = fold(rn);
2667 	}
2668 
2669 	if ((op == ASSIGN || op == RETURN) && (lt == STRUCT || rt == STRUCT)) {
2670 		if (rt != lt || ln->tn_type->t_str != rn->tn_type->t_str)
2671 			LERROR("bldasgn()");
2672 		if (incompl(ln->tn_type)) {
2673 			if (op == RETURN) {
2674 				/* cannot return incomplete type */
2675 				error(212);
2676 			} else {
2677 				/* unknown operand size, op %s */
2678 				error(138, modtab[op].m_name);
2679 			}
2680 			return (NULL);
2681 		}
2682 	}
2683 
2684 	if (op == SHLASS) {
2685 		if (psize(lt) < psize(rt)) {
2686 			if (hflag)
2687 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
2688 				warning(118, "<<=");
2689 		}
2690 	} else if (op != SHRASS) {
2691 		if (op == ASSIGN || lt != PTR) {
2692 			if (lt != rt ||
2693 			    (ln->tn_type->t_isfield && rn->tn_op == CON)) {
2694 				rn = convert(op, 0, ln->tn_type, rn);
2695 				rt = lt;
2696 			}
2697 		}
2698 	}
2699 
2700 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2701 
2702 	return (ntn);
2703 }
2704 
2705 /*
2706  * Get length of type tp->t_subt.
2707  */
2708 static tnode_t *
2709 plength(type_t *tp)
2710 {
2711 	int	elem, elsz;
2712 	tspec_t	st;
2713 
2714 	if (tp->t_tspec != PTR)
2715 		LERROR("plength()");
2716 	tp = tp->t_subt;
2717 
2718 	elem = 1;
2719 	elsz = 0;
2720 
2721 	while (tp->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
2722 		elem *= tp->t_dim;
2723 		tp = tp->t_subt;
2724 	}
2725 
2726 	switch (tp->t_tspec) {
2727 	case FUNC:
2728 		/* pointer to function is not allowed here */
2729 		error(110);
2730 		break;
2731 	case VOID:
2732 		/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2733 		(void)gnuism(136);
2734 		break;
2735 	case STRUCT:
2736 	case UNION:
2737 		if ((elsz = tp->t_str->size) == 0)
2738 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2739 			error(136);
2740 		break;
2741 	case ENUM:
2742 		if (incompl(tp)) {
2743 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2744 			warning(136);
2745 		}
2746 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2747 	default:
2748 		if ((elsz = size(tp->t_tspec)) == 0) {
2749 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2750 			error(136);
2751 		} else if (elsz == -1) {
2752 			LERROR("plength()");
2753 		}
2754 		break;
2755 	}
2756 
2757 	if (elem == 0 && elsz != 0) {
2758 		/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2759 		error(136);
2760 	}
2761 
2762 	if (elsz == 0)
2763 		elsz = CHAR_BIT;
2764 
2765 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2766 	st = LONG;
2767 #else
2768 	st = INT;
2769 #endif
2770 
2771 	return (getinode(st, (int64_t)(elem * elsz / CHAR_BIT)));
2772 }
2773 
2774 /*
2775  * XXX
2776  * Note: There appear to be a number of bugs in detecting overflow in
2777  * this function. An audit and a set of proper regression tests are needed.
2778  *     --Perry Metzger, Nov. 16, 2001
2779  */
2780 /*
2781  * Do only as much as necessary to compute constant expressions.
2782  * Called only if the operator allows folding and (both) operands
2783  * are constants.
2784  */
2785 static tnode_t *
2786 fold(tnode_t *tn)
2787 {
2788 	val_t	*v;
2789 	tspec_t	t;
2790 	int	utyp, ovfl;
2791 	int64_t	sl, sr = 0, q = 0, mask;
2792 	uint64_t ul, ur = 0;
2793 	tnode_t	*cn;
2794 
2795 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2796 	v->v_tspec = t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2797 
2798 	utyp = t == PTR || isutyp(t);
2799 	ul = sl = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad;
2800 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary)
2801 		ur = sr = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad;
2802 
2803 	mask = qlmasks[size(t)];
2804 	ovfl = 0;
2805 
2806 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
2807 	case UPLUS:
2808 		q = sl;
2809 		break;
2810 	case UMINUS:
2811 		q = -sl;
2812 		if (msb(q, t, -1) == msb(sl, t, -1))
2813 			ovfl = 1;
2814 		break;
2815 	case COMPL:
2816 		q = ~sl;
2817 		break;
2818 	case MULT:
2819 		if (utyp) {
2820 			q = ul * ur;
2821 			if (q != (q & mask))
2822 				ovfl = 1;
2823 			else if ((ul != 0) && ((q / ul) != ur))
2824 				ovfl = 1;
2825 		} else {
2826 			q = sl * sr;
2827 			if (msb(q, t, -1) != (msb(sl, t, -1) ^ msb(sr, t, -1)))
2828 				ovfl = 1;
2829 		}
2830 		break;
2831 	case DIV:
2832 		if (sr == 0) {
2833 			/* division by 0 */
2834 			error(139);
2835 			q = utyp ? UQUAD_MAX : QUAD_MAX;
2836 		} else {
2837 			q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul / ur) : sl / sr;
2838 		}
2839 		break;
2840 	case MOD:
2841 		if (sr == 0) {
2842 			/* modulus by 0 */
2843 			error(140);
2844 			q = 0;
2845 		} else {
2846 			q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul % ur) : sl % sr;
2847 		}
2848 		break;
2849 	case PLUS:
2850 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul + ur) : sl + sr;
2851 		if (msb(sl, t, -1)  != 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) != 0) {
2852 			if (msb(q, t, -1) == 0)
2853 				ovfl = 1;
2854 		} else if (msb(sl, t, -1) == 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) == 0) {
2855 			if (msb(q, t, -1) != 0)
2856 				ovfl = 1;
2857 		}
2858 		break;
2859 	case MINUS:
2860 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul - ur) : sl - sr;
2861 		if (msb(sl, t, -1) != 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) == 0) {
2862 			if (msb(q, t, -1) == 0)
2863 				ovfl = 1;
2864 		} else if (msb(sl, t, -1) == 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) != 0) {
2865 			if (msb(q, t, -1) != 0)
2866 				ovfl = 1;
2867 		}
2868 		break;
2869 	case SHL:
2870 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul << sr) : sl << sr;
2871 		break;
2872 	case SHR:
2873 		/*
2874 		 * The sign must be explicitly extended because
2875 		 * shifts of signed values are implementation dependent.
2876 		 */
2877 		q = ul >> sr;
2878 		q = xsign(q, t, size(t) - (int)sr);
2879 		break;
2880 	case LT:
2881 		q = utyp ? ul < ur : sl < sr;
2882 		break;
2883 	case LE:
2884 		q = utyp ? ul <= ur : sl <= sr;
2885 		break;
2886 	case GE:
2887 		q = utyp ? ul >= ur : sl >= sr;
2888 		break;
2889 	case GT:
2890 		q = utyp ? ul > ur : sl > sr;
2891 		break;
2892 	case EQ:
2893 		q = utyp ? ul == ur : sl == sr;
2894 		break;
2895 	case NE:
2896 		q = utyp ? ul != ur : sl != sr;
2897 		break;
2898 	case AND:
2899 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul & ur) : sl & sr;
2900 		break;
2901 	case XOR:
2902 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul ^ ur) : sl ^ sr;
2903 		break;
2904 	case OR:
2905 		q = utyp ? (int64_t)(ul | ur) : sl | sr;
2906 		break;
2907 	default:
2908 		LERROR("fold()");
2909 	}
2910 
2911 	/* XXX does not work for quads. */
2912 	if (ovfl || ((uint64_t)(q | mask) != ~(uint64_t)0 &&
2913 	    (q & ~mask) != 0)) {
2914 		if (hflag)
2915 			/* integer overflow detected, op %s */
2916 			warning(141, modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
2917 	}
2918 
2919 	v->v_quad = xsign(q, t, -1);
2920 
2921 	cn = getcnode(tn->tn_type, v);
2922 
2923 	return (cn);
2924 }
2925 
2926 /*
2927  * Same for operators whose operands are compared with 0 (test context).
2928  */
2929 static tnode_t *
2930 foldtst(tnode_t *tn)
2931 {
2932 	int	l, r = 0;
2933 	val_t	*v;
2934 
2935 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2936 	v->v_tspec = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2937 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != INT)
2938 		LERROR("foldtst()");
2939 
2940 	if (isftyp(tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2941 		l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
2942 	} else {
2943 		l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
2944 	}
2945 
2946 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary) {
2947 		if (isftyp(tn->tn_right->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2948 			r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
2949 		} else {
2950 			r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
2951 		}
2952 	}
2953 
2954 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
2955 	case NOT:
2956 		if (hflag)
2957 			/* constant argument to NOT */
2958 			warning(239);
2959 		v->v_quad = !l;
2960 		break;
2961 	case LOGAND:
2962 		v->v_quad = l && r;
2963 		break;
2964 	case LOGOR:
2965 		v->v_quad = l || r;
2966 		break;
2967 	default:
2968 		LERROR("foldtst()");
2969 	}
2970 
2971 	return (getcnode(tn->tn_type, v));
2972 }
2973 
2974 /*
2975  * Same for operands with floating point type.
2976  */
2977 static tnode_t *
2978 foldflt(tnode_t *tn)
2979 {
2980 	val_t	*v;
2981 	tspec_t	t;
2982 	ldbl_t	l, r = 0;
2983 
2984 	fpe = 0;
2985 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2986 	v->v_tspec = t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2987 
2988 	if (!isftyp(t))
2989 		LERROR("foldflt()");
2990 
2991 	if (t != tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec)
2992 		LERROR("foldflt()");
2993 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary && t != tn->tn_right->tn_type->t_tspec)
2994 		LERROR("foldflt()");
2995 
2996 	l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_ldbl;
2997 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary)
2998 		r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_ldbl;
2999 
3000 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
3001 	case UPLUS:
3002 		v->v_ldbl = l;
3003 		break;
3004 	case UMINUS:
3005 		v->v_ldbl = -l;
3006 		break;
3007 	case MULT:
3008 		v->v_ldbl = l * r;
3009 		break;
3010 	case DIV:
3011 		if (r == 0.0) {
3012 			/* division by 0 */
3013 			error(139);
3014 			if (t == FLOAT) {
3015 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -FLT_MAX : FLT_MAX;
3016 			} else if (t == DOUBLE) {
3017 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -DBL_MAX : DBL_MAX;
3018 			} else {
3019 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -LDBL_MAX : LDBL_MAX;
3020 			}
3021 		} else {
3022 			v->v_ldbl = l / r;
3023 		}
3024 		break;
3025 	case PLUS:
3026 		v->v_ldbl = l + r;
3027 		break;
3028 	case MINUS:
3029 		v->v_ldbl = l - r;
3030 		break;
3031 	case LT:
3032 		v->v_quad = l < r;
3033 		break;
3034 	case LE:
3035 		v->v_quad = l <= r;
3036 		break;
3037 	case GE:
3038 		v->v_quad = l >= r;
3039 		break;
3040 	case GT:
3041 		v->v_quad = l > r;
3042 		break;
3043 	case EQ:
3044 		v->v_quad = l == r;
3045 		break;
3046 	case NE:
3047 		v->v_quad = l != r;
3048 		break;
3049 	default:
3050 		LERROR("foldflt()");
3051 	}
3052 
3053 	if (!fpe && isnan((double)v->v_ldbl))
3054 		LERROR("foldflt()");
3055 	if (fpe || !finite((double)v->v_ldbl) ||
3056 	    (t == FLOAT &&
3057 	     (v->v_ldbl > FLT_MAX || v->v_ldbl < -FLT_MAX)) ||
3058 	    (t == DOUBLE &&
3059 	     (v->v_ldbl > DBL_MAX || v->v_ldbl < -DBL_MAX))) {
3060 		/* floating point overflow detected, op %s */
3061 		warning(142, modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
3062 		if (t == FLOAT) {
3063 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -FLT_MAX : FLT_MAX;
3064 		} else if (t == DOUBLE) {
3065 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -DBL_MAX : DBL_MAX;
3066 		} else {
3067 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -LDBL_MAX: LDBL_MAX;
3068 		}
3069 	    fpe = 0;
3070 	}
3071 
3072 	return (getcnode(tn->tn_type, v));
3073 }
3074 
3075 
3076 /*
3077  * Create a constant node for sizeof.
3078  */
3079 tnode_t *
3080 bldszof(type_t *tp)
3081 {
3082 	tspec_t	st;
3083 #if SIZEOF_IS_ULONG
3084 	st = ULONG;
3085 #else
3086 	st = UINT;
3087 #endif
3088 	return getinode(st, tsize(tp) / CHAR_BIT);
3089 }
3090 
3091 int64_t
3092 tsize(type_t *tp)
3093 {
3094 	int	elem, elsz;
3095 
3096 	elem = 1;
3097 	while (tp->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
3098 		elem *= tp->t_dim;
3099 		tp = tp->t_subt;
3100 	}
3101 	if (elem == 0) {
3102 		/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3103 		error(143);
3104 		elem = 1;
3105 	}
3106 	switch (tp->t_tspec) {
3107 	case FUNC:
3108 		/* cannot take size of function */
3109 		error(144);
3110 		elsz = 1;
3111 		break;
3112 	case STRUCT:
3113 	case UNION:
3114 		if (incompl(tp)) {
3115 			/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3116 			error(143);
3117 			elsz = 1;
3118 		} else {
3119 			elsz = tp->t_str->size;
3120 		}
3121 		break;
3122 	case ENUM:
3123 		if (incompl(tp)) {
3124 			/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3125 			warning(143);
3126 		}
3127 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3128 	default:
3129 		if (tp->t_isfield) {
3130 			/* cannot take size of bit-field */
3131 			error(145);
3132 		}
3133 		if (tp->t_tspec == VOID) {
3134 			/* cannot take size of void */
3135 			error(146);
3136 			elsz = 1;
3137 		} else {
3138 			elsz = size(tp->t_tspec);
3139 			if (elsz <= 0)
3140 				LERROR("bldszof()");
3141 		}
3142 		break;
3143 	}
3144 
3145 	return (int64_t)(elem * elsz);
3146 }
3147 
3148 /*
3149  */
3150 tnode_t *
3151 bldalof(type_t *tp)
3152 {
3153 	tspec_t	st;
3154 
3155 	switch (tp->t_tspec) {
3156 	case ARRAY:
3157 		break;
3158 
3159 	case FUNC:
3160 		/* cannot take align of function */
3161 		error(144);
3162 		return 0;
3163 
3164 	case STRUCT:
3165 	case UNION:
3166 		if (incompl(tp)) {
3167 			/* cannot take align of incomplete type */
3168 			error(143);
3169 			return 0;
3170 		}
3171 		break;
3172 	case ENUM:
3173 		break;
3174 	default:
3175 		if (tp->t_isfield) {
3176 			/* cannot take align of bit-field */
3177 			error(145);
3178 			return 0;
3179 		}
3180 		if (tp->t_tspec == VOID) {
3181 			/* cannot take alignsize of void */
3182 			error(146);
3183 			return 0;
3184 		}
3185 		break;
3186 	}
3187 
3188 #if SIZEOF_IS_ULONG
3189 	st = ULONG;
3190 #else
3191 	st = UINT;
3192 #endif
3193 
3194 	return getinode(st, (int64_t)getbound(tp));
3195 }
3196 
3197 /*
3198  * Type casts.
3199  */
3200 tnode_t *
3201 cast(tnode_t *tn, type_t *tp)
3202 {
3203 	tspec_t	nt, ot;
3204 
3205 	if (tn == NULL)
3206 		return (NULL);
3207 
3208 	tn = cconv(tn);
3209 
3210 	nt = tp->t_tspec;
3211 	ot = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3212 
3213 	if (nt == VOID) {
3214 		/*
3215 		 * XXX ANSI C requires scalar types or void (Plauger&Brodie).
3216 		 * But this seams really questionable.
3217 		 */
3218 	} else if (nt == STRUCT || nt == UNION || nt == ARRAY || nt == FUNC) {
3219 		/* invalid cast expression */
3220 		error(147);
3221 		return (NULL);
3222 	} else if (ot == STRUCT || ot == UNION) {
3223 		/* invalid cast expression */
3224 		error(147);
3225 		return (NULL);
3226 	} else if (ot == VOID) {
3227 		/* improper cast of void expression */
3228 		error(148);
3229 		return (NULL);
3230 	} else if (isityp(nt) && issclt(ot)) {
3231 		/* ok */
3232 	} else if (isftyp(nt) && isatyp(ot)) {
3233 		/* ok */
3234 	} else if (nt == PTR && isityp(ot)) {
3235 		/* ok */
3236 	} else if (nt == PTR && ot == PTR) {
3237 		if (!tp->t_subt->t_const && tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_const) {
3238 			if (hflag)
3239 				/* cast discards 'const' from ... */
3240 				warning(275);
3241 		}
3242 	} else {
3243 		/* invalid cast expression */
3244 		error(147);
3245 		return (NULL);
3246 	}
3247 
3248 	tn = convert(CVT, 0, tp, tn);
3249 	tn->tn_cast = 1;
3250 
3251 	return (tn);
3252 }
3253 
3254 /*
3255  * Create the node for a function argument.
3256  * All necessary conversions and type checks are done in funccall(), because
3257  * in funcarg() we have no information about expected argument types.
3258  */
3259 tnode_t *
3260 funcarg(tnode_t *args, tnode_t *arg)
3261 {
3262 	tnode_t	*ntn;
3263 
3264 	/*
3265 	 * If there was a serious error in the expression for the argument,
3266 	 * create a dummy argument so the positions of the remaining arguments
3267 	 * will not change.
3268 	 */
3269 	if (arg == NULL)
3270 		arg = getinode(INT, (int64_t)0);
3271 
3272 	ntn = mktnode(PUSH, arg->tn_type, arg, args);
3273 
3274 	return (ntn);
3275 }
3276 
3277 /*
3278  * Create the node for a function call. Also check types of
3279  * function arguments and insert conversions, if necessary.
3280  */
3281 tnode_t *
3282 funccall(tnode_t *func, tnode_t *args)
3283 {
3284 	tnode_t	*ntn;
3285 	op_t	fcop;
3286 
3287 	if (func == NULL)
3288 		return (NULL);
3289 
3290 	if (func->tn_op == NAME && func->tn_type->t_tspec == FUNC) {
3291 		fcop = CALL;
3292 	} else {
3293 		fcop = ICALL;
3294 	}
3295 
3296 	/*
3297 	 * after cconv() func will always be a pointer to a function
3298 	 * if it is a valid function designator.
3299 	 */
3300 	func = cconv(func);
3301 
3302 	if (func->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR ||
3303 	    func->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec != FUNC) {
3304 		/* illegal function */
3305 		error(149);
3306 		return (NULL);
3307 	}
3308 
3309 	args = chkfarg(func->tn_type->t_subt, args);
3310 
3311 	ntn = mktnode(fcop, func->tn_type->t_subt->t_subt, func, args);
3312 
3313 	return (ntn);
3314 }
3315 
3316 /*
3317  * Check types of all function arguments and insert conversions,
3318  * if necessary.
3319  */
3320 static tnode_t *
3321 chkfarg(type_t *ftp, tnode_t *args)
3322 {
3323 	tnode_t	*arg;
3324 	sym_t	*asym;
3325 	tspec_t	at;
3326 	int	narg, npar, n, i;
3327 
3328 	/* get # of args in the prototype */
3329 	npar = 0;
3330 	for (asym = ftp->t_args; asym != NULL; asym = asym->s_nxt)
3331 		npar++;
3332 
3333 	/* get # of args in function call */
3334 	narg = 0;
3335 	for (arg = args; arg != NULL; arg = arg->tn_right)
3336 		narg++;
3337 
3338 	asym = ftp->t_args;
3339 	if (ftp->t_proto && npar != narg && !(ftp->t_vararg && npar < narg)) {
3340 		/* argument mismatch: %d arg%s passed, %d expected */
3341 		error(150, narg, narg > 1 ? "s" : "", npar);
3342 		asym = NULL;
3343 	}
3344 
3345 	for (n = 1; n <= narg; n++) {
3346 
3347 		/*
3348 		 * The rightmost argument is at the top of the argument
3349 		 * subtree.
3350 		 */
3351 		for (i = narg, arg = args; i > n; i--, arg = arg->tn_right)
3352 			continue;
3353 
3354 		/* some things which are always not allowd */
3355 		if ((at = arg->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec) == VOID) {
3356 			/* void expressions may not be arguments, arg #%d */
3357 			error(151, n);
3358 			return (NULL);
3359 		} else if ((at == STRUCT || at == UNION) &&
3360 			   incompl(arg->tn_left->tn_type)) {
3361 			/* argument cannot have unknown size, arg #%d */
3362 			error(152, n);
3363 			return (NULL);
3364 		} else if (isityp(at) && arg->tn_left->tn_type->t_isenum &&
3365 			   incompl(arg->tn_left->tn_type)) {
3366 			/* argument cannot have unknown size, arg #%d */
3367 			warning(152, n);
3368 		}
3369 
3370 		/* class conversions (arg in value context) */
3371 		arg->tn_left = cconv(arg->tn_left);
3372 
3373 		if (asym != NULL) {
3374 			arg->tn_left = parg(n, asym->s_type, arg->tn_left);
3375 		} else {
3376 			arg->tn_left = promote(NOOP, 1, arg->tn_left);
3377 		}
3378 		arg->tn_type = arg->tn_left->tn_type;
3379 
3380 		if (asym != NULL)
3381 			asym = asym->s_nxt;
3382 	}
3383 
3384 	return (args);
3385 }
3386 
3387 /*
3388  * Compare the type of an argument with the corresponding type of a
3389  * prototype parameter. If it is a valid combination, but both types
3390  * are not the same, insert a conversion to convert the argument into
3391  * the type of the parameter.
3392  */
3393 static tnode_t *
3394 parg(	int	n,		/* pos of arg */
3395 	type_t	*tp,		/* expected type (from prototype) */
3396 	tnode_t	*tn)		/* argument */
3397 {
3398 	tnode_t	*ln;
3399 	int	dowarn;
3400 
3401 	ln = xcalloc(1, sizeof (tnode_t));
3402 	ln->tn_type = tduptyp(tp);
3403 	ln->tn_type->t_const = 0;
3404 	ln->tn_lvalue = 1;
3405 	if (typeok(FARG, n, ln, tn)) {
3406 		if (!eqtype(tp, tn->tn_type, 1, 0, (dowarn = 0, &dowarn)) || dowarn)
3407 			tn = convert(FARG, n, tp, tn);
3408 	}
3409 	free(ln);
3410 	return (tn);
3411 }
3412 
3413 /*
3414  * Return the value of an integral constant expression.
3415  * If the expression is not constant or its type is not an integer
3416  * type, an error message is printed.
3417  */
3418 val_t *
3419 constant(tnode_t *tn, int required)
3420 {
3421 	val_t	*v;
3422 
3423 	if (tn != NULL)
3424 		tn = cconv(tn);
3425 	if (tn != NULL)
3426 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
3427 
3428 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
3429 
3430 	if (tn == NULL) {
3431 		if (nerr == 0)
3432 			LERROR("constant()");
3433 		v->v_tspec = INT;
3434 		v->v_quad = 1;
3435 		return (v);
3436 	}
3437 
3438 	v->v_tspec = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3439 
3440 	if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3441 		if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != tn->tn_val->v_tspec)
3442 			LERROR("constant()");
3443 		if (isityp(tn->tn_val->v_tspec)) {
3444 			v->v_ansiu = tn->tn_val->v_ansiu;
3445 			v->v_quad = tn->tn_val->v_quad;
3446 			return (v);
3447 		}
3448 		v->v_quad = tn->tn_val->v_ldbl;
3449 	} else {
3450 		v->v_quad = 1;
3451 	}
3452 
3453 	/* integral constant expression expected */
3454 	if (required)
3455 		error(55);
3456 	else
3457 		c99ism(318);
3458 
3459 	if (!isityp(v->v_tspec))
3460 		v->v_tspec = INT;
3461 
3462 	return (v);
3463 }
3464 
3465 /*
3466  * Perform some tests on expressions which can't be done in build() and
3467  * functions called by build(). These tests must be done here because
3468  * we need some information about the context in which the operations
3469  * are performed.
3470  * After all tests are performed, expr() frees the memory which is used
3471  * for the expression.
3472  */
3473 void
3474 expr(tnode_t *tn, int vctx, int tctx, int dofreeblk)
3475 {
3476 
3477 	if (tn == NULL && nerr == 0)
3478 		LERROR("expr()");
3479 
3480 	if (tn == NULL) {
3481 		tfreeblk();
3482 		return;
3483 	}
3484 
3485 	/* expr() is also called in global initialisations */
3486 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN)
3487 		chkreach();
3488 
3489 	chkmisc(tn, vctx, tctx, !tctx, 0, 0, 0);
3490 	if (tn->tn_op == ASSIGN) {
3491 		if (hflag && tctx)
3492 			/* assignment in conditional context */
3493 			warning(159);
3494 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3495 		if (hflag && tctx && !ccflg)
3496 			/* constant in conditional context */
3497 			warning(161);
3498 	}
3499 	if (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3500 		/*
3501 		 * for left operands of COMMA this warning is already
3502 		 * printed
3503 		 */
3504 		if (tn->tn_op != COMMA && !vctx && !tctx)
3505 			nulleff(tn);
3506 	}
3507 	if (dflag)
3508 		displexpr(tn, 0);
3509 
3510 	/* free the tree memory */
3511 	if (dofreeblk)
3512 		tfreeblk();
3513 }
3514 
3515 static void
3516 nulleff(tnode_t *tn)
3517 {
3518 
3519 	if (!hflag)
3520 		return;
3521 
3522 	while (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3523 		if (tn->tn_op == CVT && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID) {
3524 			tn = tn->tn_left;
3525 		} else if (tn->tn_op == LOGAND || tn->tn_op == LOGOR) {
3526 			/*
3527 			 * && and || have a side effect if the right operand
3528 			 * has a side effect.
3529 			 */
3530 			tn = tn->tn_right;
3531 		} else if (tn->tn_op == QUEST) {
3532 			/*
3533 			 * ? has a side effect if at least one of its right
3534 			 * operands has a side effect
3535 			 */
3536 			tn = tn->tn_right;
3537 		} else if (tn->tn_op == COLON || tn->tn_op == COMMA) {
3538 			/*
3539 			 * : has a side effect if at least one of its operands
3540 			 * has a side effect
3541 			 */
3542 			if (modtab[tn->tn_left->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3543 				tn = tn->tn_left;
3544 			} else if (modtab[tn->tn_right->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3545 				tn = tn->tn_right;
3546 			} else {
3547 				break;
3548 			}
3549 		} else {
3550 			break;
3551 		}
3552 	}
3553 	if (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff)
3554 		/* expression has null effect */
3555 		warning(129);
3556 }
3557 
3558 /*
3559  * Dump an expression to stdout
3560  * only used for debugging
3561  */
3562 static void
3563 displexpr(tnode_t *tn, int offs)
3564 {
3565 	uint64_t uq;
3566 
3567 	if (tn == NULL) {
3568 		(void)printf("%*s%s\n", offs, "", "NULL");
3569 		return;
3570 	}
3571 	(void)printf("%*sop %s  ", offs, "", modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
3572 
3573 	if (tn->tn_op == NAME) {
3574 		(void)printf("%s: %s ",
3575 			     tn->tn_sym->s_name, scltoa(tn->tn_sym->s_scl));
3576 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON && isftyp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3577 		(void)printf("%#g ", (double)tn->tn_val->v_ldbl);
3578 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON && isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3579 		uq = tn->tn_val->v_quad;
3580 		(void)printf("0x %08lx %08lx ", (long)(uq >> 32) & 0xffffffffl,
3581 			     (long)uq & 0xffffffffl);
3582 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3583 		if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR)
3584 			LERROR("displexpr()");
3585 		(void)printf("0x%0*lx ", (int)(sizeof (void *) * CHAR_BIT / 4),
3586 			     (u_long)tn->tn_val->v_quad);
3587 	} else if (tn->tn_op == STRING) {
3588 		if (tn->tn_strg->st_tspec == CHAR) {
3589 			(void)printf("\"%s\"", tn->tn_strg->st_cp);
3590 		} else {
3591 			char	*s;
3592 			size_t	n;
3593 			n = MB_CUR_MAX * (tn->tn_strg->st_len + 1);
3594 			s = xmalloc(n);
3595 			(void)wcstombs(s, tn->tn_strg->st_wcp, n);
3596 			(void)printf("L\"%s\"", s);
3597 			free(s);
3598 		}
3599 		(void)printf(" ");
3600 	} else if (tn->tn_op == FSEL) {
3601 		(void)printf("o=%d, l=%d ", tn->tn_type->t_foffs,
3602 			     tn->tn_type->t_flen);
3603 	}
3604 	(void)printf("%s\n", ttos(tn->tn_type));
3605 	if (tn->tn_op == NAME || tn->tn_op == CON || tn->tn_op == STRING)
3606 		return;
3607 	displexpr(tn->tn_left, offs + 2);
3608 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary ||
3609 	    (tn->tn_op == PUSH && tn->tn_right != NULL)) {
3610 		displexpr(tn->tn_right, offs + 2);
3611 	}
3612 }
3613 
3614 /*
3615  * Called by expr() to recursively perform some tests.
3616  */
3617 /* ARGSUSED */
3618 void
3619 chkmisc(tnode_t *tn, int vctx, int tctx, int eqwarn, int fcall, int rvdisc,
3620 	int szof)
3621 {
3622 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3623 	mod_t	*mp;
3624 	int	nrvdisc, cvctx, ctctx;
3625 	op_t	op;
3626 	scl_t	sc;
3627 	dinfo_t	*di;
3628 
3629 	if (tn == NULL)
3630 		return;
3631 
3632 	ln = tn->tn_left;
3633 	rn = tn->tn_right;
3634 	mp = &modtab[op = tn->tn_op];
3635 
3636 	switch (op) {
3637 	case AMPER:
3638 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && (reached || rchflg)) {
3639 			if (!szof)
3640 				setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3641 			setuflg(ln->tn_sym, fcall, szof);
3642 		}
3643 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3644 			/* check the range of array indices */
3645 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 1);
3646 		break;
3647 	case LOAD:
3648 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3649 			/* check the range of array indices */
3650 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 0);
3651 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3652 	case PUSH:
3653 	case INCBEF:
3654 	case DECBEF:
3655 	case INCAFT:
3656 	case DECAFT:
3657 	case ADDASS:
3658 	case SUBASS:
3659 	case MULASS:
3660 	case DIVASS:
3661 	case MODASS:
3662 	case ANDASS:
3663 	case ORASS:
3664 	case XORASS:
3665 	case SHLASS:
3666 	case SHRASS:
3667 	case REAL:
3668 	case IMAG:
3669 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && (reached || rchflg)) {
3670 			sc = ln->tn_sym->s_scl;
3671 			/*
3672 			 * Look if there was a asm statement in one of the
3673 			 * compound statements we are in. If not, we don't
3674 			 * print a warning.
3675 			 */
3676 			for (di = dcs; di != NULL; di = di->d_nxt) {
3677 				if (di->d_asm)
3678 					break;
3679 			}
3680 			if (sc != EXTERN && sc != STATIC &&
3681 			    !ln->tn_sym->s_set && !szof && di == NULL) {
3682 				/* %s may be used before set */
3683 				warning(158, ln->tn_sym->s_name);
3684 				setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3685 			}
3686 			setuflg(ln->tn_sym, 0, 0);
3687 		}
3688 		break;
3689 	case ASSIGN:
3690 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && !szof && (reached || rchflg)) {
3691 			setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3692 			if (ln->tn_sym->s_scl == EXTERN)
3693 				outusg(ln->tn_sym);
3694 		}
3695 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3696 			/* check the range of array indices */
3697 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 0);
3698 		break;
3699 	case CALL:
3700 		if (ln->tn_op != AMPER || ln->tn_left->tn_op != NAME)
3701 			LERROR("chkmisc()");
3702 		if (!szof)
3703 			outcall(tn, vctx || tctx, rvdisc);
3704 		break;
3705 	case EQ:
3706 		/* equality operator "==" found where "=" was exp. */
3707 		if (hflag && eqwarn)
3708 			warning(160);
3709 		break;
3710 	case CON:
3711 	case NAME:
3712 	case STRING:
3713 		return;
3714 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
3715 	case OR:
3716 	case XOR:
3717 	case NE:
3718 	case GE:
3719 	case GT:
3720 	case LE:
3721 	case LT:
3722 	case SHR:
3723 	case SHL:
3724 	case MINUS:
3725 	case PLUS:
3726 	case MOD:
3727 	case DIV:
3728 	case MULT:
3729 	case STAR:
3730 	case UMINUS:
3731 	case UPLUS:
3732 	case DEC:
3733 	case INC:
3734 	case COMPL:
3735 	case NOT:
3736 	case POINT:
3737 	case ARROW:
3738 	case NOOP:
3739 	case AND:
3740 	case FARG:
3741 	case CASE:
3742 	case INIT:
3743 	case RETURN:
3744 	case ICALL:
3745 	case CVT:
3746 	case COMMA:
3747 	case FSEL:
3748 	case COLON:
3749 	case QUEST:
3750 	case LOGOR:
3751 	case LOGAND:
3752 		break;
3753 	}
3754 
3755 	cvctx = mp->m_vctx;
3756 	ctctx = mp->m_tctx;
3757 	/*
3758 	 * values of operands of ':' are not used if the type of at least
3759 	 * one of the operands (for gcc compatibility) is void
3760 	 * XXX test/value context of QUEST should probably be used as
3761 	 * context for both operands of COLON
3762 	 */
3763 	if (op == COLON && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID)
3764 		cvctx = ctctx = 0;
3765 	nrvdisc = op == CVT && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID;
3766 	chkmisc(ln, cvctx, ctctx, mp->m_eqwarn, op == CALL, nrvdisc, szof);
3767 
3768 	switch (op) {
3769 	case PUSH:
3770 		if (rn != NULL)
3771 			chkmisc(rn, 0, 0, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3772 		break;
3773 	case LOGAND:
3774 	case LOGOR:
3775 		chkmisc(rn, 0, 1, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3776 		break;
3777 	case COLON:
3778 		chkmisc(rn, cvctx, ctctx, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3779 		break;
3780 	case COMMA:
3781 		chkmisc(rn, vctx, tctx, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3782 		break;
3783 	default:
3784 		if (mp->m_binary)
3785 			chkmisc(rn, 1, 0, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3786 		break;
3787 	}
3788 
3789 }
3790 
3791 /*
3792  * Checks the range of array indices, if possible.
3793  * amper is set if only the address of the element is used. This
3794  * means that the index is allowd to refere to the first element
3795  * after the array.
3796  */
3797 static void
3798 chkaidx(tnode_t *tn, int amper)
3799 {
3800 	int	dim;
3801 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3802 	int	elsz;
3803 	int64_t	con;
3804 
3805 	ln = tn->tn_left;
3806 	rn = tn->tn_right;
3807 
3808 	/* We can only check constant indices. */
3809 	if (rn->tn_op != CON)
3810 		return;
3811 
3812 	/* Return if the left node does not stem from an array. */
3813 	if (ln->tn_op != AMPER)
3814 		return;
3815 	if (ln->tn_left->tn_op != STRING && ln->tn_left->tn_op != NAME)
3816 		return;
3817 	if (ln->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec != ARRAY)
3818 		return;
3819 
3820 	/*
3821 	 * For incomplete array types, we can print a warning only if
3822 	 * the index is negative.
3823 	 */
3824 	if (incompl(ln->tn_left->tn_type) && rn->tn_val->v_quad >= 0)
3825 		return;
3826 
3827 	/* Get the size of one array element */
3828 	if ((elsz = length(ln->tn_type->t_subt, NULL)) == 0)
3829 		return;
3830 	elsz /= CHAR_BIT;
3831 
3832 	/* Change the unit of the index from bytes to element size. */
3833 	if (isutyp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3834 		con = (uint64_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad / elsz;
3835 	} else {
3836 		con = rn->tn_val->v_quad / elsz;
3837 	}
3838 
3839 	dim = ln->tn_left->tn_type->t_dim + (amper ? 1 : 0);
3840 
3841 	if (!isutyp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec) && con < 0) {
3842 		/* array subscript cannot be negative: %ld */
3843 		warning(167, (long)con);
3844 	} else if (dim > 0 && (uint64_t)con >= (uint64_t)dim) {
3845 		/* array subscript cannot be > %d: %ld */
3846 		warning(168, dim - 1, (long)con);
3847 	}
3848 }
3849 
3850 /*
3851  * Check for ordered comparisons of unsigned values with 0.
3852  */
3853 static void
3854 chkcomp(op_t op, tnode_t *ln, tnode_t *rn)
3855 {
3856 	char buf[64];
3857 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
3858 	mod_t	*mp;
3859 
3860 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
3861 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3862 	mp = &modtab[op];
3863 
3864 	if (ln->tn_op != CON && rn->tn_op != CON)
3865 		return;
3866 
3867 	if (!isityp(lt) || !isityp(rt))
3868 		return;
3869 
3870 	if ((hflag || pflag) && lt == CHAR && rn->tn_op == CON &&
3871 	    (rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0 ||
3872 	     rn->tn_val->v_quad > ~(~0 << (CHAR_BIT - 1)))) {
3873 		/* nonportable character comparison, op %s */
3874 		warning(230, mp->m_name);
3875 		return;
3876 	}
3877 	if ((hflag || pflag) && rt == CHAR && ln->tn_op == CON &&
3878 	    (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0 ||
3879 	     ln->tn_val->v_quad > ~(~0 << (CHAR_BIT - 1)))) {
3880 		/* nonportable character comparison, op %s */
3881 		warning(230, mp->m_name);
3882 		return;
3883 	}
3884 	if (isutyp(lt) && !isutyp(rt) &&
3885 	    rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad <= 0) {
3886 		if (rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
3887 			/* comparison of %s with %s, op %s */
3888 			warning(162, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), ln->tn_type),
3889 			    "negative constant", mp->m_name);
3890 		} else if (op == LT || op == GE || (hflag && op == LE)) {
3891 			/* comparison of %s with %s, op %s */
3892 			warning(162, tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), ln->tn_type),
3893 			    "0", mp->m_name);
3894 		}
3895 		return;
3896 	}
3897 	if (isutyp(rt) && !isutyp(lt) &&
3898 	    ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad <= 0) {
3899 		if (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
3900 			/* comparison of %s with %s, op %s */
3901 			warning(162, "negative constant",
3902 			    tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), rn->tn_type), mp->m_name);
3903 		} else if (op == GT || op == LE || (hflag && op == GE)) {
3904 			/* comparison of %s with %s, op %s */
3905 			warning(162, "0", tyname(buf, sizeof(buf), rn->tn_type),
3906 			    mp->m_name);
3907 		}
3908 		return;
3909 	}
3910 }
3911 
3912 /*
3913  * Takes an expression an returns 0 if this expression can be used
3914  * for static initialisation, otherwise -1.
3915  *
3916  * Constant initialisation expressions must be constant or an address
3917  * of a static object with an optional offset. In the first case,
3918  * the result is returned in *offsp. In the second case, the static
3919  * object is returned in *symp and the offset in *offsp.
3920  *
3921  * The expression can consist of PLUS, MINUS, AMPER, NAME, STRING and
3922  * CON. Type conversions are allowed if they do not change binary
3923  * representation (including width).
3924  */
3925 int
3926 conaddr(tnode_t *tn, sym_t **symp, ptrdiff_t *offsp)
3927 {
3928 	sym_t	*sym;
3929 	ptrdiff_t offs1, offs2;
3930 	tspec_t	t, ot;
3931 
3932 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
3933 	case MINUS:
3934 		if (tn->tn_right->tn_op == CVT)
3935 			return conaddr(tn->tn_right, symp, offsp);
3936 		else if (tn->tn_right->tn_op != CON)
3937 			return (-1);
3938 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3939 	case PLUS:
3940 		offs1 = offs2 = 0;
3941 		if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == CON) {
3942 			offs1 = (ptrdiff_t)tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad;
3943 			if (conaddr(tn->tn_right, &sym, &offs2) == -1)
3944 				return (-1);
3945 		} else if (tn->tn_right->tn_op == CON) {
3946 			offs2 = (ptrdiff_t)tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad;
3947 			if (tn->tn_op == MINUS)
3948 				offs2 = -offs2;
3949 			if (conaddr(tn->tn_left, &sym, &offs1) == -1)
3950 				return (-1);
3951 		} else {
3952 			return (-1);
3953 		}
3954 		*symp = sym;
3955 		*offsp = offs1 + offs2;
3956 		break;
3957 	case AMPER:
3958 		if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == NAME) {
3959 			*symp = tn->tn_left->tn_sym;
3960 			*offsp = 0;
3961 		} else if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == STRING) {
3962 			/*
3963 			 * If this would be the front end of a compiler we
3964 			 * would return a label instead of 0.
3965 			 */
3966 			*offsp = 0;
3967 		}
3968 		break;
3969 	case CVT:
3970 		t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3971 		ot = tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec;
3972 		if ((!isityp(t) && t != PTR) || (!isityp(ot) && ot != PTR))
3973 			return (-1);
3974 #ifdef notdef
3975 		/*
3976 		 * consider:
3977 		 * 	struct foo {
3978 		 *	    unsigned char a;
3979 		 *      } f = {
3980 		 *          (u_char)(u_long)(&(((struct foo *)0)->a))
3981 		 *	};
3982 		 * since psize(u_long) != psize(u_char) this fails.
3983 		 */
3984 		else if (psize(t) != psize(ot))
3985 			return (-1);
3986 #endif
3987 		if (conaddr(tn->tn_left, symp, offsp) == -1)
3988 			return (-1);
3989 		break;
3990 	default:
3991 		return (-1);
3992 	}
3993 	return (0);
3994 }
3995 
3996 /*
3997  * Concatenate two string constants.
3998  */
3999 strg_t *
4000 catstrg(strg_t *strg1, strg_t *strg2)
4001 {
4002 	size_t	len1, len2, len;
4003 
4004 	if (strg1->st_tspec != strg2->st_tspec) {
4005 		/* cannot concatenate wide and regular string literals */
4006 		error(292);
4007 		return (strg1);
4008 	}
4009 
4010 	len = (len1 = strg1->st_len) + (len2 = strg2->st_len);
4011 
4012 	if (strg1->st_tspec == CHAR) {
4013 		strg1->st_cp = xrealloc(strg1->st_cp, len + 1);
4014 		(void)memcpy(strg1->st_cp + len1, strg2->st_cp, len2 + 1);
4015 		free(strg2->st_cp);
4016 	} else {
4017 		strg1->st_wcp = xrealloc(strg1->st_wcp,
4018 					 (len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
4019 		(void)memcpy(strg1->st_wcp + len1, strg2->st_wcp,
4020 			     (len2 + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
4021 		free(strg2->st_wcp);
4022 	}
4023 	free(strg2);
4024 
4025 	return (strg1);
4026 }
4027 
4028 /*
4029  * Print a warning if the given node has operands which should be
4030  * parenthesized.
4031  *
4032  * XXX Does not work if an operand is a constant expression. Constant
4033  * expressions are already folded.
4034  */
4035 static void
4036 precconf(tnode_t *tn)
4037 {
4038 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
4039 	op_t	lop, rop = NOOP;
4040 	int	lparn, rparn = 0;
4041 	mod_t	*mp;
4042 	int	dowarn;
4043 
4044 	if (!hflag)
4045 		return;
4046 
4047 	mp = &modtab[tn->tn_op];
4048 
4049 	lparn = 0;
4050 	for (ln = tn->tn_left; ln->tn_op == CVT; ln = ln->tn_left)
4051 		lparn |= ln->tn_parn;
4052 	lparn |= ln->tn_parn;
4053 	lop = ln->tn_op;
4054 
4055 	if (mp->m_binary) {
4056 		rparn = 0;
4057 		for (rn = tn->tn_right; tn->tn_op == CVT; rn = rn->tn_left)
4058 			rparn |= rn->tn_parn;
4059 		rparn |= rn->tn_parn;
4060 		rop = rn->tn_op;
4061 	}
4062 
4063 	dowarn = 0;
4064 
4065 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
4066 	case SHL:
4067 	case SHR:
4068 		if (!lparn && (lop == PLUS || lop == MINUS)) {
4069 			dowarn = 1;
4070 		} else if (!rparn && (rop == PLUS || rop == MINUS)) {
4071 			dowarn = 1;
4072 		}
4073 		break;
4074 	case LOGOR:
4075 		if (!lparn && lop == LOGAND) {
4076 			dowarn = 1;
4077 		} else if (!rparn && rop == LOGAND) {
4078 			dowarn = 1;
4079 		}
4080 		break;
4081 	case AND:
4082 	case XOR:
4083 	case OR:
4084 		if (!lparn && lop != tn->tn_op) {
4085 			if (lop == PLUS || lop == MINUS) {
4086 				dowarn = 1;
4087 			} else if (lop == AND || lop == XOR) {
4088 				dowarn = 1;
4089 			}
4090 		}
4091 		if (!dowarn && !rparn && rop != tn->tn_op) {
4092 			if (rop == PLUS || rop == MINUS) {
4093 				dowarn = 1;
4094 			} else if (rop == AND || rop == XOR) {
4095 				dowarn = 1;
4096 			}
4097 		}
4098 		break;
4099 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
4100 	case DECAFT:
4101 	case XORASS:
4102 	case SHLASS:
4103 	case NOOP:
4104 	case ARROW:
4105 	case ORASS:
4106 	case POINT:
4107 	case NAME:
4108 	case NOT:
4109 	case COMPL:
4110 	case CON:
4111 	case INC:
4112 	case STRING:
4113 	case DEC:
4114 	case INCBEF:
4115 	case DECBEF:
4116 	case INCAFT:
4117 	case FSEL:
4118 	case CALL:
4119 	case COMMA:
4120 	case CVT:
4121 	case ICALL:
4122 	case LOAD:
4123 	case PUSH:
4124 	case RETURN:
4125 	case INIT:
4126 	case CASE:
4127 	case FARG:
4128 	case SUBASS:
4129 	case ADDASS:
4130 	case MODASS:
4131 	case DIVASS:
4132 	case MULASS:
4133 	case ASSIGN:
4134 	case COLON:
4135 	case QUEST:
4136 	case LOGAND:
4137 	case NE:
4138 	case EQ:
4139 	case GE:
4140 	case GT:
4141 	case LE:
4142 	case LT:
4143 	case MINUS:
4144 	case PLUS:
4145 	case MOD:
4146 	case DIV:
4147 	case MULT:
4148 	case AMPER:
4149 	case STAR:
4150 	case UMINUS:
4151 	case SHRASS:
4152 	case UPLUS:
4153 	case ANDASS:
4154 	case REAL:
4155 	case IMAG:
4156 		break;
4157 	}
4158 
4159 	if (dowarn) {
4160 		/* precedence confusion possible: parenthesize! */
4161 		warning(169);
4162 	}
4163 
4164 }
4165