xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/xlint/lint1/tree.c (revision 76dfffe33547c37f8bdd446e3e4ab0f3c16cea4b)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tree.c,v 1.12 1995/10/02 17:37:57 jpo Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl
5  * All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for
18  *	The NetBSD Project.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: tree.c,v 1.12 1995/10/02 17:37:57 jpo Exp $";
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <float.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include <math.h>
43 
44 #include "lint1.h"
45 #include "y.tab.h"
46 
47 /* Various flags for each operator. */
48 static	mod_t	modtab[NOPS];
49 
50 static	tnode_t	*getinode __P((tspec_t, quad_t));
51 static	void	ptrcmpok __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
52 static	int	asgntypok __P((op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
53 static	void	chkbeop __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
54 static	void	chkeop2 __P((op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
55 static	void	chkeop1 __P((op_t, int, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
56 static	tnode_t	*mktnode __P((op_t, type_t *, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
57 static	void	balance __P((op_t, tnode_t **, tnode_t **));
58 static	void	incompat __P((op_t, tspec_t, tspec_t));
59 static	void	illptrc __P((mod_t *, type_t *, type_t *));
60 static	void	mrgqual __P((type_t **, type_t *, type_t *));
61 static	int	conmemb __P((type_t *));
62 static	void	ptconv __P((int, tspec_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *));
63 static	void	iiconv __P((op_t, int, tspec_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *));
64 static	void	piconv __P((op_t, tspec_t, type_t *, tnode_t *));
65 static	void	ppconv __P((op_t, tnode_t *, type_t *));
66 static	tnode_t	*bldstr __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
67 static	tnode_t	*bldincdec __P((op_t, tnode_t *));
68 static	tnode_t	*bldamper __P((tnode_t *, int));
69 static	tnode_t	*bldplmi __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
70 static	tnode_t	*bldshft __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
71 static	tnode_t	*bldcol __P((tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
72 static	tnode_t	*bldasgn __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
73 static	tnode_t	*plength __P((type_t *));
74 static	tnode_t	*fold __P((tnode_t *));
75 static	tnode_t	*foldtst __P((tnode_t *));
76 static	tnode_t	*foldflt __P((tnode_t *));
77 static	tnode_t	*chkfarg __P((type_t *, tnode_t *));
78 static	tnode_t	*parg __P((int, type_t *, tnode_t *));
79 static	void	nulleff __P((tnode_t *));
80 static	void	displexpr __P((tnode_t *, int));
81 static	void	chkaidx __P((tnode_t *, int));
82 static	void	chkcomp __P((op_t, tnode_t *, tnode_t *));
83 static	void	precconf __P((tnode_t *));
84 
85 /*
86  * Initialize mods of operators.
87  */
88 void
89 initmtab()
90 {
91 	static	struct {
92 		op_t	op;
93 		mod_t	m;
94 	} imods[] = {
95 		{ ARROW,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
96 		    "->" } },
97 		{ POINT,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
98 		    "." } },
99 		{ NOT,    { 0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
100 		    "!" } },
101 		{ COMPL,  { 0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
102 		    "~" } },
103 		{ INCBEF, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
104 		    "prefix++" } },
105 		{ DECBEF, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
106 		    "prefix--" } },
107 		{ INCAFT, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
108 		    "postfix++" } },
109 		{ DECAFT, { 0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
110 		    "postfix--" } },
111 		{ UPLUS,  { 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
112 		    "unary +" } },
113 		{ UMINUS, { 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,
114 		    "unary -" } },
115 		{ STAR,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
116 		    "unary *" } },
117 		{ AMPER,  { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
118 		    "unary &" } },
119 		{ MULT,   { 1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,
120 		    "*" } },
121 		{ DIV,    { 1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,
122 		    "/" } },
123 		{ MOD,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,
124 		    "%" } },
125 		{ PLUS,   { 1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
126 		    "+" } },
127 		{ MINUS,  { 1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
128 		    "-" } },
129 		{ SHL,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,
130 		    "<<" } },
131 		{ SHR,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,
132 		    ">>" } },
133 		{ LT,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,
134 		    "<" } },
135 		{ LE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,
136 		    "<=" } },
137 		{ GT,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,
138 		    ">" } },
139 		{ GE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,
140 		    ">=" } },
141 		{ EQ,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,
142 		    "==" } },
143 		{ NE,     { 1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,
144 		    "!=" } },
145 		{ AND,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,
146 		    "&" } },
147 		{ XOR,    { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,
148 		    "^" } },
149 		{ OR,     { 1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,
150 		    "|" } },
151 		{ LOGAND, { 1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
152 		    "&&" } },
153 		{ LOGOR,  { 1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,
154 		    "||" } },
155 		{ QUEST,  { 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
156 		    "?" } },
157 		{ COLON,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
158 		    ":" } },
159 		{ ASSIGN, { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
160 		    "=" } },
161 		{ MULASS, { 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
162 		    "*=" } },
163 		{ DIVASS, { 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,
164 		    "/=" } },
165 		{ MODASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,
166 		    "%=" } },
167 		{ ADDASS, { 1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
168 		    "+=" } },
169 		{ SUBASS, { 1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
170 		    "-=" } },
171 		{ SHLASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
172 		    "<<=" } },
173 		{ SHRASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
174 		    ">>=" } },
175 		{ ANDASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
176 		    "&=" } },
177 		{ XORASS, { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
178 		    "^=" } },
179 		{ ORASS,  { 1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
180 		    "|=" } },
181 		{ NAME,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
182 		    "NAME" } },
183 		{ CON,    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
184 		    "CON" } },
185 		{ STRING, { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
186 		    "STRING" } },
187 		{ FSEL,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
188 		    "FSEL" } },
189 		{ CALL,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
190 		    "CALL" } },
191 		{ COMMA,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,
192 		    "," } },
193 		{ CVT,    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
194 		    "CVT" } },
195 		{ ICALL,  { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
196 		    "ICALL" } },
197 		{ LOAD,	  { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
198 		    "LOAD" } },
199 		{ PUSH,   { 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
200 		    "PUSH" } },
201 		{ RETURN, { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
202 		    "RETURN" } },
203 		{ INIT,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
204 		    "INIT" } },
205 		{ FARG,   { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,
206 		    "FARG" } },
207 		{ NOOP }
208 	};
209 	int	i;
210 
211 	for (i = 0; imods[i].op != NOOP; i++)
212 		STRUCT_ASSIGN(modtab[imods[i].op], imods[i].m);
213 }
214 
215 /*
216  * Increase degree of reference.
217  * This is most often used to change type "T" in type "pointer to T".
218  */
219 type_t *
220 incref(tp, t)
221 	type_t	*tp;
222 	tspec_t	t;
223 {
224 	type_t	*tp2;
225 
226 	tp2 = getblk(sizeof (type_t));
227 	tp2->t_tspec = t;
228 	tp2->t_subt = tp;
229 	return (tp2);
230 }
231 
232 /*
233  * same for use in expressions
234  */
235 type_t *
236 tincref(tp, t)
237 	type_t	*tp;
238 	tspec_t	t;
239 {
240 	type_t	*tp2;
241 
242 	tp2 = tgetblk(sizeof (type_t));
243 	tp2->t_tspec = t;
244 	tp2->t_subt = tp;
245 	return (tp2);
246 }
247 
248 /*
249  * Create a node for a constant.
250  */
251 tnode_t *
252 getcnode(tp, v)
253 	type_t	*tp;
254 	val_t	*v;
255 {
256 	tnode_t	*n;
257 
258 	n = getnode();
259 	n->tn_op = CON;
260 	n->tn_type = tp;
261 	n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
262 	n->tn_val->v_tspec = tp->t_tspec;
263 	n->tn_val->v_ansiu = v->v_ansiu;
264 	n->tn_val->v_u = v->v_u;
265 	free(v);
266 	return (n);
267 }
268 
269 /*
270  * Create a node for a integer constant.
271  */
272 static tnode_t *
273 getinode(t, q)
274 	tspec_t	t;
275 	quad_t	q;
276 {
277 	tnode_t	*n;
278 
279 	n = getnode();
280 	n->tn_op = CON;
281 	n->tn_type = gettyp(t);
282 	n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
283 	n->tn_val->v_tspec = t;
284 	n->tn_val->v_quad = q;
285 	return (n);
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Create a node for a name (symbol table entry).
290  * ntok is the token which follows the name.
291  */
292 tnode_t *
293 getnnode(sym, ntok)
294 	sym_t	*sym;
295 	int	ntok;
296 {
297 	tnode_t	*n;
298 
299 	if (sym->s_scl == NOSCL) {
300 		sym->s_scl = EXTERN;
301 		sym->s_def = DECL;
302 		if (ntok == T_LPARN) {
303 			if (sflag) {
304 				/* function implicitly declared to ... */
305 				warning(215);
306 			}
307 			/*
308 			 * XXX if tflag is set the symbol should be
309 			 * exported to level 0
310 			 */
311 			sym->s_type = incref(sym->s_type, FUNC);
312 		} else {
313 			/* %s undefined */
314 			error(99, sym->s_name);
315 		}
316 	}
317 
318 	if (sym->s_kind != FVFT && sym->s_kind != FMOS)
319 		lerror("getnnode() 1");
320 
321 	n = getnode();
322 	n->tn_type = sym->s_type;
323 	if (sym->s_scl != ENUMCON) {
324 		n->tn_op = NAME;
325 		n->tn_sym = sym;
326 		if (sym->s_kind == FVFT && sym->s_type->t_tspec != FUNC)
327 			n->tn_lvalue = 1;
328 	} else {
329 		n->tn_op = CON;
330 		n->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
331 		*n->tn_val = sym->s_value;
332 	}
333 
334 	return (n);
335 }
336 
337 /*
338  * Create a node for a string.
339  */
340 tnode_t *
341 getsnode(strg)
342 	strg_t	*strg;
343 {
344 	size_t	len;
345 	tnode_t	*n;
346 
347 	len = strg->st_len;
348 
349 	n = getnode();
350 
351 	n->tn_op = STRING;
352 	n->tn_type = tincref(gettyp(strg->st_tspec), ARRAY);
353 	n->tn_type->t_dim = len + 1;
354 	n->tn_lvalue = 1;
355 
356 	n->tn_strg = tgetblk(sizeof (strg_t));
357 	n->tn_strg->st_tspec = strg->st_tspec;
358 	n->tn_strg->st_len = len;
359 
360 	if (strg->st_tspec == CHAR) {
361 		n->tn_strg->st_cp = tgetblk(len + 1);
362 		(void)memcpy(n->tn_strg->st_cp, strg->st_cp, len + 1);
363 		free(strg->st_cp);
364 	} else {
365 		n->tn_strg->st_wcp = tgetblk((len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
366 		(void)memcpy(n->tn_strg->st_wcp, strg->st_wcp,
367 			     (len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
368 		free(strg->st_wcp);
369 	}
370 	free(strg);
371 
372 	return (n);
373 }
374 
375 /*
376  * Returns a symbol which has the same name as the msym argument and is a
377  * member of the struct or union specified by the tn argument.
378  */
379 sym_t *
380 strmemb(tn, op, msym)
381 	tnode_t	*tn;
382 	op_t	op;
383 	sym_t	*msym;
384 {
385 	str_t	*str;
386 	type_t	*tp;
387 	sym_t	*sym, *csym;
388 	int	eq;
389 	tspec_t	t;
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Remove the member if it was unknown until now (Which means
393 	 * that no defined struct or union has a member with the same name).
394 	 */
395 	if (msym->s_scl == NOSCL) {
396 		/* undefined struct/union member: %s */
397 		error(101, msym->s_name);
398 		rmsym(msym);
399 		msym->s_kind = FMOS;
400 		msym->s_scl = MOS;
401 		msym->s_styp = tgetblk(sizeof (str_t));
402 		msym->s_styp->stag = tgetblk(sizeof (sym_t));
403 		msym->s_styp->stag->s_name = unnamed;
404 		msym->s_value.v_tspec = INT;
405 		return (msym);
406 	}
407 
408 	/* Set str to the tag of which msym is expected to be a member. */
409 	str = NULL;
410 	t = (tp = tn->tn_type)->t_tspec;
411 	if (op == POINT) {
412 		if (t == STRUCT || t == UNION)
413 			str = tp->t_str;
414 	} else if (op == ARROW && t == PTR) {
415 		t = (tp = tp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
416 		if (t == STRUCT || t == UNION)
417 			str = tp->t_str;
418 	}
419 
420 	/*
421 	 * If this struct/union has a member with the name of msym, return
422 	 * return this it.
423 	 */
424 	if (str != NULL) {
425 		for (sym = msym; sym != NULL; sym = sym->s_link) {
426 			if (sym->s_scl != MOS && sym->s_scl != MOU)
427 				continue;
428 			if (sym->s_styp != str)
429 				continue;
430 			if (strcmp(sym->s_name, msym->s_name) != 0)
431 				continue;
432 			return (sym);
433 		}
434 	}
435 
436 	/*
437 	 * Set eq to 0 if there are struct/union members with the same name
438 	 * and different types and/or offsets.
439 	 */
440 	eq = 1;
441 	for (csym = msym; csym != NULL; csym = csym->s_link) {
442 		if (csym->s_scl != MOS && csym->s_scl != MOU)
443 			continue;
444 		if (strcmp(msym->s_name, csym->s_name) != 0)
445 			continue;
446 		for (sym = csym->s_link ; sym != NULL; sym = sym->s_link) {
447 			int w;
448 
449 			if (sym->s_scl != MOS && sym->s_scl != MOU)
450 				continue;
451 			if (strcmp(csym->s_name, sym->s_name) != 0)
452 				continue;
453 			if (csym->s_value.v_quad != sym->s_value.v_quad) {
454 				eq = 0;
455 				break;
456 			}
457 			w = 0;
458 			eq = eqtype(csym->s_type, sym->s_type, 0, 0, &w) && !w;
459 			if (!eq)
460 				break;
461 			if (csym->s_field != sym->s_field) {
462 				eq = 0;
463 				break;
464 			}
465 			if (csym->s_field) {
466 				type_t	*tp1, *tp2;
467 
468 				tp1 = csym->s_type;
469 				tp2 = sym->s_type;
470 				if (tp1->t_flen != tp2->t_flen) {
471 					eq = 0;
472 					break;
473 				}
474 				if (tp1->t_foffs != tp2->t_foffs) {
475 					eq = 0;
476 					break;
477 				}
478 			}
479 		}
480 		if (!eq)
481 			break;
482 	}
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * Now handle the case in which the left operand refers really
486 	 * to a struct/union, but the right operand is not member of it.
487 	 */
488 	if (str != NULL) {
489 		/* illegal member use: %s */
490 		if (eq && tflag) {
491 			warning(102, msym->s_name);
492 		} else {
493 			error(102, msym->s_name);
494 		}
495 		return (msym);
496 	}
497 
498 	/*
499 	 * Now the left operand of ARROW does not point to a struct/union
500 	 * or the left operand of POINT is no struct/union.
501 	 */
502 	if (eq) {
503 		if (op == POINT) {
504 			/* left operand of "." must be struct/union object */
505 			if (tflag) {
506 				warning(103);
507 			} else {
508 				error(103);
509 			}
510 		} else {
511 			/* left operand of "->" must be pointer to ... */
512 			if (tflag && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
513 				warning(104);
514 			} else {
515 				error(104);
516 			}
517 		}
518 	} else {
519 		if (tflag) {
520 			/* non-unique member requires struct/union %s */
521 			error(105, op == POINT ? "object" : "pointer");
522 		} else {
523 			/* unacceptable operand of %s */
524 			error(111, modtab[op].m_name);
525 		}
526 	}
527 
528 	return (msym);
529 }
530 
531 /*
532  * Create a tree node. Called for most operands except function calls,
533  * sizeof and casts.
534  *
535  * op	operator
536  * ln	left operand
537  * rn	if not NULL, right operand
538  */
539 tnode_t *
540 build(op, ln, rn)
541 	op_t	op;
542 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
543 {
544 	mod_t	*mp;
545 	tnode_t	*ntn;
546 	type_t	*rtp;
547 
548 	mp = &modtab[op];
549 
550 	/* If there was an error in one of the operands, return. */
551 	if (ln == NULL || (mp->m_binary && rn == NULL))
552 		return (NULL);
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * Apply class conversions to the left operand, but only if its
556 	 * value is needed or it is compaired with null.
557 	 */
558 	if (mp->m_vctx || mp->m_tctx)
559 		ln = cconv(ln);
560 	/*
561 	 * The right operand is almost always in a test or value context,
562 	 * except if it is a struct or union member.
563 	 */
564 	if (mp->m_binary && op != ARROW && op != POINT)
565 		rn = cconv(rn);
566 
567 	/*
568 	 * Print some warnings for comparisions of unsigned values with
569 	 * constants lower than or equal to null. This must be done
570 	 * before promote() because otherwise unsigned char and unsigned
571 	 * short would be promoted to int. Also types are tested to be
572 	 * CHAR, which would also become int.
573 	 */
574 	if (mp->m_comp)
575 		chkcomp(op, ln, rn);
576 
577 	/*
578 	 * Promote the left operand if it is in a test or value context
579 	 */
580 	if (mp->m_vctx || mp->m_tctx)
581 		ln = promote(op, 0, ln);
582 	/*
583 	 * Promote the right operand, but only if it is no struct or
584 	 * union member, or if it is not to be assigned to the left operand
585 	 */
586 	if (mp->m_binary && op != ARROW && op != POINT &&
587 	    op != ASSIGN && op != RETURN) {
588 		rn = promote(op, 0, rn);
589 	}
590 
591 	/*
592 	 * If the result of the operation is different for signed or
593 	 * unsigned operands and one of the operands is signed only in
594 	 * ANSI C, print a warning.
595 	 */
596 	if (mp->m_tlansiu && ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_ansiu) {
597 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned, op %s */
598 		warning(218, mp->m_name);
599 		ln->tn_val->v_ansiu = 0;
600 	}
601 	if (mp->m_transiu && rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_ansiu) {
602 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned, op %s */
603 		warning(218, mp->m_name);
604 		rn->tn_val->v_ansiu = 0;
605 	}
606 
607 	/* Make sure both operands are of the same type */
608 	if (mp->m_balance || (tflag && (op == SHL || op == SHR)))
609 		balance(op, &ln, &rn);
610 
611 	/*
612 	 * Check types for compatibility with the operation and mutual
613 	 * compatibility. Return if there are serios problems.
614 	 */
615 	if (!typeok(op, 0, ln, rn))
616 		return (NULL);
617 
618 	/* And now create the node. */
619 	switch (op) {
620 	case POINT:
621 	case ARROW:
622 		ntn = bldstr(op, ln, rn);
623 		break;
624 	case INCAFT:
625 	case DECAFT:
626 	case INCBEF:
627 	case DECBEF:
628 		ntn = bldincdec(op, ln);
629 		break;
630 	case AMPER:
631 		ntn = bldamper(ln, 0);
632 		break;
633 	case STAR:
634 		ntn = mktnode(STAR, ln->tn_type->t_subt, ln, NULL);
635 		break;
636 	case PLUS:
637 	case MINUS:
638 		ntn = bldplmi(op, ln, rn);
639 		break;
640 	case SHL:
641 	case SHR:
642 		ntn = bldshft(op, ln, rn);
643 		break;
644 	case COLON:
645 		ntn = bldcol(ln, rn);
646 		break;
647 	case ASSIGN:
648 	case MULASS:
649 	case DIVASS:
650 	case MODASS:
651 	case ADDASS:
652 	case SUBASS:
653 	case SHLASS:
654 	case SHRASS:
655 	case ANDASS:
656 	case XORASS:
657 	case ORASS:
658 	case RETURN:
659 		ntn = bldasgn(op, ln, rn);
660 		break;
661 	case COMMA:
662 	case QUEST:
663 		ntn = mktnode(op, rn->tn_type, ln, rn);
664 		break;
665 	default:
666 		rtp = mp->m_logop ? gettyp(INT) : ln->tn_type;
667 		if (!mp->m_binary && rn != NULL)
668 			lerror("build() 1");
669 		ntn = mktnode(op, rtp, ln, rn);
670 		break;
671 	}
672 
673 	/* Return if an error occured. */
674 	if (ntn == NULL)
675 		return (NULL);
676 
677 	/* Print a warning if precedence confusion is possible */
678 	if (mp->m_tpconf)
679 		precconf(ntn);
680 
681 	/*
682 	 * Print a warning if one of the operands is in a context where
683 	 * it is compared with null and if this operand is a constant.
684 	 */
685 	if (mp->m_tctx) {
686 		if (ln->tn_op == CON ||
687 		    ((mp->m_binary && op != QUEST) && rn->tn_op == CON)) {
688 			if (hflag && !ccflg)
689 				/* constant in conditional context */
690 				warning(161);
691 		}
692 	}
693 
694 	/* Fold if the operator requires it */
695 	if (mp->m_fold) {
696 		if (ln->tn_op == CON && (!mp->m_binary || rn->tn_op == CON)) {
697 			if (mp->m_tctx) {
698 				ntn = foldtst(ntn);
699 			} else if (isftyp(ntn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
700 				ntn = foldflt(ntn);
701 			} else {
702 				ntn = fold(ntn);
703 			}
704 		} else if (op == QUEST && ln->tn_op == CON) {
705 			ntn = ln->tn_val->v_quad ? rn->tn_left : rn->tn_right;
706 		}
707 	}
708 
709 	return (ntn);
710 }
711 
712 /*
713  * Perform class conversions.
714  *
715  * Arrays of type T are converted into pointers to type T.
716  * Functions are converted to pointers to functions.
717  * Lvalues are converted to rvalues.
718  */
719 tnode_t *
720 cconv(tn)
721 	tnode_t	*tn;
722 {
723 	type_t	*tp;
724 
725 	/*
726 	 * Array-lvalue (array of type T) is converted into rvalue
727 	 * (pointer to type T)
728 	 */
729 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
730 		if (!tn->tn_lvalue) {
731 			/* %soperand of '%s' must be lvalue */
732 			/* XXX print correct operator */
733 			(void)gnuism(114, "", modtab[AMPER].m_name);
734 		}
735 		tn = mktnode(AMPER, tincref(tn->tn_type->t_subt, PTR),
736 			     tn, NULL);
737 	}
738 
739 	/*
740 	 * Expression of type function (function with return value of type T)
741 	 * in rvalue-expression (pointer to function with return value
742 	 * of type T)
743 	 */
744 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec == FUNC)
745 		tn = bldamper(tn, 1);
746 
747 	/* lvalue to rvalue */
748 	if (tn->tn_lvalue) {
749 		tp = tduptyp(tn->tn_type);
750 		tp->t_const = tp->t_volatile = 0;
751 		tn = mktnode(LOAD, tp, tn, NULL);
752 	}
753 
754 	return (tn);
755 }
756 
757 /*
758  * Perform most type checks. First the types are checked using
759  * informations from modtab[]. After that it is done by hand for
760  * more complicated operators and type combinations.
761  *
762  * If the types are ok, typeok() returns 1, otherwise 0.
763  */
764 int
765 typeok(op, arg, ln, rn)
766 	op_t	op;
767 	int	arg;
768 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
769 {
770 	mod_t	*mp;
771 	tspec_t	lt, rt, lst, rst, olt, ort;
772 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp, *lstp, *rstp;
773 	tnode_t	*tn;
774 
775 	mp = &modtab[op];
776 
777 	if ((lt = (ltp = ln->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
778 		lst = (lstp = ltp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
779 	if (mp->m_binary) {
780 		if ((rt = (rtp = rn->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
781 			rst = (rstp = rtp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
782 	}
783 
784 	if (mp->m_rqint) {
785 		/* integertypes required */
786 		if (!isityp(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !isityp(rt))) {
787 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
788 			return (0);
789 		}
790 	} else if (mp->m_rqsclt) {
791 		/* scalar types required */
792 		if (!issclt(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !issclt(rt))) {
793 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
794 			return (0);
795 		}
796 	} else if (mp->m_rqatyp) {
797 		/* arithmetic types required */
798 		if (!isatyp(lt) || (mp->m_binary && !isatyp(rt))) {
799 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
800 			return (0);
801 		}
802 	}
803 
804 	if (op == SHL || op == SHR || op == SHLASS || op == SHRASS) {
805 		/*
806 		 * For these operations we need the types before promotion
807 		 * and balancing.
808 		 */
809 		for (tn=ln; tn->tn_op==CVT && !tn->tn_cast; tn=tn->tn_left) ;
810 		olt = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
811 		for (tn=rn; tn->tn_op==CVT && !tn->tn_cast; tn=tn->tn_left) ;
812 		ort = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
813 	}
814 
815 	switch (op) {
816 	case POINT:
817 		/*
818 		 * Most errors required by ANSI C are reported in strmemb().
819 		 * Here we only must check for totaly wrong things.
820 		 */
821 		if (lt == FUNC || lt == VOID || ltp->t_isfield ||
822 		    ((lt != STRUCT && lt != UNION) && !ln->tn_lvalue)) {
823 			/* Without tflag we got already an error */
824 			if (tflag)
825 				/* unacceptable operand of %s */
826 				error(111, mp->m_name);
827 			return (0);
828 		}
829 		/* Now we have an object we can create a pointer to */
830 		break;
831 	case ARROW:
832 		if (lt != PTR && !(tflag && isityp(lt))) {
833 			/* Without tflag we got already an error */
834 			if (tflag)
835 				/* unacceptabel operand of %s */
836 				error(111, mp->m_name);
837 			return (0);
838 		}
839 		break;
840 	case INCAFT:
841 	case DECAFT:
842 	case INCBEF:
843 	case DECBEF:
844 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
845 		if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
846 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
847 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
848 				/* a cast does not yield an lvalue */
849 				error(163);
850 			}
851 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
852 			error(114, "", mp->m_name);
853 			return (0);
854 		} else if (ltp->t_const) {
855 			/* %soperand of %s must be modifiable lvalue */
856 			if (!tflag)
857 				warning(115, "", mp->m_name);
858 		}
859 		break;
860 	case AMPER:
861 		if (lt == ARRAY || lt == FUNC) {
862 			/* ok, a warning comes later (in bldamper()) */
863 		} else if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
864 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
865 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
866 				/* a cast does not yield an lvalue */
867 				error(163);
868 			}
869 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
870 			error(114, "", mp->m_name);
871 			return (0);
872 		} else if (issclt(lt)) {
873 			if (ltp->t_isfield) {
874 				/* cannot take address of bit-field */
875 				error(112);
876 				return (0);
877 			}
878 		} else if (lt != STRUCT && lt != UNION) {
879 			/* unacceptable operand of %s */
880 			error(111, mp->m_name);
881 			return (0);
882 		}
883 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && ln->tn_sym->s_reg) {
884 			/* cannot take address of register %s */
885 			error(113, ln->tn_sym->s_name);
886 			return (0);
887 		}
888 		break;
889 	case STAR:
890 		/* until now there were no type checks for this operator */
891 		if (lt != PTR) {
892 			/* cannot dereference non-pointer type */
893 			error(96);
894 			return (0);
895 		}
896 		break;
897 	case PLUS:
898 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
899 		if ((lt == PTR && !isityp(rt)) || (rt == PTR && !isityp(lt))) {
900 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
901 			return (0);
902 		}
903 		break;
904 	case MINUS:
905 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
906 		if (lt == PTR && (!isityp(rt) && rt != PTR)) {
907 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
908 			return (0);
909 		} else if (rt == PTR && lt != PTR) {
910 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
911 			return (0);
912 		}
913 		if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
914 			if (!eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL)) {
915 				/* illegal pointer subtraction */
916 				error(116);
917 			}
918 		}
919 		break;
920 	case SHR:
921 		/* operands have integer types (checked above) */
922 		if (pflag && !isutyp(lt)) {
923 			/*
924 			 * The left operand is signed. This means that
925 			 * the operation is (possibly) nonportable.
926 			 */
927 			/* bitwise operation on signed value nonportable */
928 			if (ln->tn_op != CON) {
929 				/* possibly nonportable */
930 				warning(117);
931 			} else if (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
932 				warning(120);
933 			}
934 		} else if (!tflag && !sflag && !isutyp(olt) && isutyp(ort)) {
935 			/*
936 			 * The left operand would become unsigned in
937 			 * traditional C.
938 			 */
939 			if (hflag &&
940 			    (ln->tn_op != CON || ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0)) {
941 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
942 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
943 			}
944 		} else if (!tflag && !sflag && !isutyp(olt) && !isutyp(ort) &&
945 			   psize(lt) < psize(rt)) {
946 			/*
947 			 * In traditional C the left operand would be extended,
948 			 * possibly with 1, and then shifted.
949 			 */
950 			if (hflag &&
951 			    (ln->tn_op != CON || ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0)) {
952 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
953 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
954 			}
955 		}
956 		goto shift;
957 	case SHL:
958 		/*
959 		 * ANSI C does not perform balancing for shift operations,
960 		 * but traditional C does. If the width of the right operand
961 		 * is greather than the width of the left operand, than in
962 		 * traditional C the left operand would be extendet to the
963 		 * width of the right operand. For SHL this may result in
964 		 * different results.
965 		 */
966 		if (psize(lt) < psize(rt)) {
967 			/*
968 			 * XXX If both operands are constant make sure
969 			 * that there is really a differencs between
970 			 * ANSI C and traditional C.
971 			 */
972 			if (hflag)
973 				/* semantics of %s change in ANSI C; use ... */
974 				warning(118, mp->m_name);
975 		}
976 	shift:
977 		if (rn->tn_op == CON) {
978 			if (!isutyp(rt) && rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
979 				/* negative shift */
980 				warning(121);
981 			} else if ((u_quad_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad == size(lt)) {
982 				/* shift equal to size fo object */
983 				warning(267);
984 			} else if ((u_quad_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad > size(lt)) {
985 				/* shift greater than size of object */
986 				warning(122);
987 			}
988 		}
989 		break;
990 	case EQ:
991 	case NE:
992 		/*
993 		 * Accept some things which are allowed with EQ and NE,
994 		 * but not with ordered comparisions.
995 		 */
996 		if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
997 			if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
998 				break;
999 		}
1000 		if (rt == PTR && ((lt == PTR && lst == VOID) || isityp(lt))) {
1001 			if (ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1002 				break;
1003 		}
1004 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
1005 	case LT:
1006 	case GT:
1007 	case LE:
1008 	case GE:
1009 		if ((lt == PTR || rt == PTR) && lt != rt) {
1010 			if (isityp(lt) || isityp(rt)) {
1011 				/* illegal comb. of pointer and int., op %s */
1012 				warning(123, mp->m_name);
1013 			} else {
1014 				incompat(op, lt, rt);
1015 				return (0);
1016 			}
1017 		} else if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
1018 			ptrcmpok(op, ln, rn);
1019 		}
1020 		break;
1021 	case QUEST:
1022 		if (!issclt(lt)) {
1023 			/* first operand must have scalar type, op ? : */
1024 			error(170);
1025 			return (0);
1026 		}
1027 		if (rn->tn_op != COLON)
1028 			lerror("typeok() 2");
1029 		break;
1030 	case COLON:
1031 
1032 		if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt))
1033 			break;
1034 
1035 		if (lt == STRUCT && rt == STRUCT && ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str)
1036 			break;
1037 		if (lt == UNION && rt == UNION && ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str)
1038 			break;
1039 
1040 		/* combination of any pointer and 0, 0L or (void *)0 is ok */
1041 		if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
1042 			if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1043 				break;
1044 		}
1045 		if (rt == PTR && ((lt == PTR && lst == VOID) || isityp(lt))) {
1046 			if (ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1047 				break;
1048 		}
1049 
1050 		if ((lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) || (isityp(lt) && rt == PTR)) {
1051 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., op %s */
1052 			warning(123, mp->m_name);
1053 			break;
1054 		}
1055 
1056 		if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
1057 			if (lt != VOID || rt != VOID)
1058 				/* incompatible types in conditional */
1059 				warning(126);
1060 			break;
1061 		}
1062 
1063 		if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && ((lst == VOID && rst == FUNC) ||
1064 					       (lst == FUNC && rst == VOID))) {
1065 			/* (void *)0 handled above */
1066 			if (sflag)
1067 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, op %s */
1068 				warning(305, "function pointer", "'void *'",
1069 					mp->m_name);
1070 			break;
1071 		}
1072 
1073 		if (rt == PTR && lt == PTR) {
1074 			if (!eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL))
1075 				illptrc(mp, ltp, rtp);
1076 			break;
1077 		}
1078 
1079 		/* incompatible types in conditional */
1080 		error(126);
1081 		return (0);
1082 
1083 	case ASSIGN:
1084 	case INIT:
1085 	case FARG:
1086 	case RETURN:
1087 		if (!asgntypok(op, arg, ln, rn))
1088 			return (0);
1089 		goto assign;
1090 	case MULASS:
1091 	case DIVASS:
1092 	case MODASS:
1093 		goto assign;
1094 	case ADDASS:
1095 	case SUBASS:
1096 		/* operands have scalar types (checked above) */
1097 		if ((lt == PTR && !isityp(rt)) || rt == PTR) {
1098 			incompat(op, lt, rt);
1099 			return (0);
1100 		}
1101 		goto assign;
1102 	case SHLASS:
1103 		goto assign;
1104 	case SHRASS:
1105 		if (pflag && !isutyp(lt) && !(tflag && isutyp(rt))) {
1106 			/* bitwise operation on s.v. possibly nonportabel */
1107 			warning(117);
1108 		}
1109 		goto assign;
1110 	case ANDASS:
1111 	case XORASS:
1112 	case ORASS:
1113 		goto assign;
1114 	assign:
1115 		if (!ln->tn_lvalue) {
1116 			if (ln->tn_op == CVT && ln->tn_cast &&
1117 			    ln->tn_left->tn_op == LOAD) {
1118 				/* a cast does not yield an lvalue */
1119 				error(163);
1120 			}
1121 			/* %soperand of %s must be lvalue */
1122 			error(114, "left ", mp->m_name);
1123 			return (0);
1124 		} else if (ltp->t_const || ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) &&
1125 					    conmemb(ltp))) {
1126 			/* %soperand of %s must be modifiable lvalue */
1127 			if (!tflag)
1128 				warning(115, "left ", mp->m_name);
1129 		}
1130 		break;
1131 	case COMMA:
1132 		if (!modtab[ln->tn_op].m_sideeff)
1133 			nulleff(ln);
1134 		break;
1135 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
1136 	}
1137 
1138 	if (mp->m_badeop &&
1139 	    (ltp->t_isenum || (mp->m_binary && rtp->t_isenum))) {
1140 		chkbeop(op, ln, rn);
1141 	} else if (mp->m_enumop && (ltp->t_isenum && rtp->t_isenum)) {
1142 		chkeop2(op, arg, ln, rn);
1143 	} else if (mp->m_enumop && (ltp->t_isenum || rtp->t_isenum)) {
1144 		chkeop1(op, arg, ln, rn);
1145 	}
1146 
1147 	return (1);
1148 }
1149 
1150 static void
1151 ptrcmpok(op, ln, rn)
1152 	op_t	op;
1153 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1154 {
1155 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp;
1156 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
1157 	const	char *lts, *rts;
1158 
1159 	lt = (ltp = ln->tn_type)->t_subt->t_tspec;
1160 	rt = (rtp = rn->tn_type)->t_subt->t_tspec;
1161 
1162 	if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
1163 		if (sflag && (lt == FUNC || rt == FUNC)) {
1164 			/* (void *)0 already handled in typeok() */
1165 			*(lt == FUNC ? &lts : &rts) = "function pointer";
1166 			*(lt == VOID ? &lts : &rts) = "'void *'";
1167 			/* ANSI C forbids comparision of %s with %s */
1168 			warning(274, lts, rts);
1169 		}
1170 		return;
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	if (!eqtype(ltp->t_subt, rtp->t_subt, 1, 0, NULL)) {
1174 		illptrc(&modtab[op], ltp, rtp);
1175 		return;
1176 	}
1177 
1178 	if (lt == FUNC && rt == FUNC) {
1179 		if (sflag && op != EQ && op != NE)
1180 			/* ANSI C forbids ordered comp. of func ptr */
1181 			warning(125);
1182 	}
1183 }
1184 
1185 /*
1186  * Checks type compatibility for ASSIGN, INIT, FARG and RETURN
1187  * and prints warnings/errors if necessary.
1188  * If the types are (almost) compatible, 1 is returned, otherwise 0.
1189  */
1190 static int
1191 asgntypok(op, arg, ln, rn)
1192 	op_t	op;
1193 	int	arg;
1194 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1195 {
1196 	tspec_t	lt, rt, lst, rst;
1197 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp, *lstp, *rstp;
1198 	mod_t	*mp;
1199 	const	char *lts, *rts;
1200 
1201 	if ((lt = (ltp = ln->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
1202 		lst = (lstp = ltp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
1203 	if ((rt = (rtp = rn->tn_type)->t_tspec) == PTR)
1204 		rst = (rstp = rtp->t_subt)->t_tspec;
1205 	mp = &modtab[op];
1206 
1207 	if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt))
1208 		return (1);
1209 
1210 	if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) && (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION))
1211 		/* both are struct or union */
1212 		return (ltp->t_str == rtp->t_str);
1213 
1214 	/* 0, 0L and (void *)0 may be assigned to any pointer */
1215 	if (lt == PTR && ((rt == PTR && rst == VOID) || isityp(rt))) {
1216 		if (rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0)
1217 			return (1);
1218 	}
1219 
1220 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && (lst == VOID || rst == VOID)) {
1221 		/* two pointers, at least one pointer to void */
1222 		if (sflag && (lst == FUNC || rst == FUNC)) {
1223 			/* comb. of ptr to func and ptr to void */
1224 			*(lst == FUNC ? &lts : &rts) = "function pointer";
1225 			*(lst == VOID ? &lts : &rts) = "'void *'";
1226 			switch (op) {
1227 			case INIT:
1228 			case RETURN:
1229 				/* ANSI C forbids conversion of %s to %s */
1230 				warning(303, rts, lts);
1231 				break;
1232 			case FARG:
1233 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, arg #%d */
1234 				warning(304, rts, lts, arg);
1235 				break;
1236 			default:
1237 				/* ANSI C forbids conv. of %s to %s, op %s */
1238 				warning(305, rts, lts, mp->m_name);
1239 				break;
1240 			}
1241 		}
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR && (lst == VOID || rst == VOID ||
1245 				       eqtype(lstp, rstp, 1, 0, NULL))) {
1246 		/* compatible pointer types (qualifiers ignored) */
1247 		if (!tflag &&
1248 		    ((!lstp->t_const && rstp->t_const) ||
1249 		     (!lstp->t_volatile && rstp->t_volatile))) {
1250 			/* left side has not all qualifiers of right */
1251 			switch (op) {
1252 			case INIT:
1253 			case RETURN:
1254 				/* incompatible pointer types */
1255 				warning(182);
1256 				break;
1257 			case FARG:
1258 				/* argument has incompat. ptr. type, arg #%d */
1259 				warning(153, arg);
1260 				break;
1261 			default:
1262 				/* operands have incompat. ptr. types, op %s */
1263 				warning(128, mp->m_name);
1264 				break;
1265 			}
1266 		}
1267 		return (1);
1268 	}
1269 
1270 	if ((lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) || (isityp(lt) && rt == PTR)) {
1271 		switch (op) {
1272 		case INIT:
1273 		case RETURN:
1274 			/* illegal combination of pointer and integer */
1275 			warning(183);
1276 			break;
1277 		case FARG:
1278 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., arg #%d */
1279 			warning(154, arg);
1280 			break;
1281 		default:
1282 			/* illegal comb. of ptr. and int., op %s */
1283 			warning(123, mp->m_name);
1284 			break;
1285 		}
1286 		return (1);
1287 	}
1288 
1289 	if (lt == PTR && rt == PTR) {
1290 		switch (op) {
1291 		case INIT:
1292 		case RETURN:
1293 			illptrc(NULL, ltp, rtp);
1294 			break;
1295 		case FARG:
1296 			/* argument has incompatible pointer type, arg #%d */
1297 			warning(153, arg);
1298 			break;
1299 		default:
1300 			illptrc(mp, ltp, rtp);
1301 			break;
1302 		}
1303 		return (1);
1304 	}
1305 
1306 	switch (op) {
1307 	case INIT:
1308 		/* initialisation type mismatch */
1309 		error(185);
1310 		break;
1311 	case RETURN:
1312 		/* return value type mismatch */
1313 		error(211);
1314 		break;
1315 	case FARG:
1316 		/* argument is incompatible with prototype, arg #%d */
1317 		warning(155, arg);
1318 		break;
1319 	default:
1320 		incompat(op, lt, rt);
1321 		break;
1322 	}
1323 
1324 	return (0);
1325 }
1326 
1327 /*
1328  * Prints a warning if an operator, which should be senseless for an
1329  * enum type, is applied to an enum type.
1330  */
1331 static void
1332 chkbeop(op, ln, rn)
1333 	op_t	op;
1334 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1335 {
1336 	mod_t	*mp;
1337 
1338 	if (!eflag)
1339 		return;
1340 
1341 	mp = &modtab[op];
1342 
1343 	if (!(ln->tn_type->t_isenum ||
1344 	      (mp->m_binary && rn->tn_type->t_isenum))) {
1345 		return;
1346 	}
1347 
1348 	/*
1349 	 * Enum as offset to a pointer is an exception (otherwise enums
1350 	 * could not be used as array indizes).
1351 	 */
1352 	if (op == PLUS &&
1353 	    ((ln->tn_type->t_isenum && rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) ||
1354 	     (rn->tn_type->t_isenum && ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR))) {
1355 		return;
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	/* dubious operation on enum, op %s */
1359 	warning(241, mp->m_name);
1360 
1361 }
1362 
1363 /*
1364  * Prints a warning if an operator is applied to two different enum types.
1365  */
1366 static void
1367 chkeop2(op, arg, ln, rn)
1368 	op_t	op;
1369 	int	arg;
1370 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1371 {
1372 	mod_t	*mp;
1373 
1374 	mp = &modtab[op];
1375 
1376 	if (ln->tn_type->t_enum != rn->tn_type->t_enum) {
1377 		switch (op) {
1378 		case INIT:
1379 			/* enum type mismatch in initialisation */
1380 			warning(210);
1381 			break;
1382 		case FARG:
1383 			/* enum type mismatch, arg #%d */
1384 			warning(156, arg);
1385 			break;
1386 		case RETURN:
1387 			/* return value type mismatch */
1388 			warning(211);
1389 			break;
1390 		default:
1391 			/* enum type mismatch, op %s */
1392 			warning(130, mp->m_name);
1393 			break;
1394 		}
1395 #if 0
1396 	} else if (mp->m_comp && op != EQ && op != NE) {
1397 		if (eflag)
1398 			/* dubious comparisions of enums */
1399 			warning(243, mp->m_name);
1400 #endif
1401 	}
1402 }
1403 
1404 /*
1405  * Prints a warning if an operator has both enum end other integer
1406  * types.
1407  */
1408 static void
1409 chkeop1(op, arg, ln, rn)
1410 	op_t	op;
1411 	int	arg;
1412 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1413 {
1414 	if (!eflag)
1415 		return;
1416 
1417 	switch (op) {
1418 	case INIT:
1419 		/*
1420 		 * Initializations with 0 should be allowed. Otherwise,
1421 		 * we should complain about all uninitialized enums,
1422 		 * consequently.
1423 		 */
1424 		if (!rn->tn_type->t_isenum && rn->tn_op == CON &&
1425 		    isityp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec) && rn->tn_val->v_quad == 0) {
1426 			return;
1427 		}
1428 		/* initialisation of '%s' with '%s' */
1429 		warning(277, tyname(ln->tn_type), tyname(rn->tn_type));
1430 		break;
1431 	case FARG:
1432 		/* combination of '%s' and '%s', arg #%d */
1433 		warning(278, tyname(ln->tn_type), tyname(rn->tn_type), arg);
1434 		break;
1435 	case RETURN:
1436 		/* combination of '%s' and '%s' in return */
1437 		warning(279, tyname(ln->tn_type), tyname(rn->tn_type));
1438 		break;
1439 	default:
1440 		/* combination of '%s' and %s, op %s */
1441 		warning(242, tyname(ln->tn_type), tyname(rn->tn_type),
1442 			modtab[op].m_name);
1443 		break;
1444 	}
1445 }
1446 
1447 /*
1448  * Build and initialize a new node.
1449  */
1450 static tnode_t *
1451 mktnode(op, type, ln, rn)
1452 	op_t	op;
1453 	type_t	*type;
1454 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
1455 {
1456 	tnode_t	*ntn;
1457 	tspec_t	t;
1458 
1459 	ntn = getnode();
1460 
1461 	ntn->tn_op = op;
1462 	ntn->tn_type = type;
1463 	ntn->tn_left = ln;
1464 	ntn->tn_right = rn;
1465 
1466 	if (op == STAR || op == FSEL) {
1467 		if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
1468 			t = ln->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1469 			if (t != FUNC && t != VOID)
1470 				ntn->tn_lvalue = 1;
1471 		} else {
1472 			lerror("mktnode() 2");
1473 		}
1474 	}
1475 
1476 	return (ntn);
1477 }
1478 
1479 /*
1480  * Performs usual conversion of operands to (unsigned) int.
1481  *
1482  * If tflag is set or the operand is a function argument with no
1483  * type information (no prototype or variable # of args), convert
1484  * float to double.
1485  */
1486 tnode_t *
1487 promote(op, farg, tn)
1488 	op_t	op;
1489 	int	farg;
1490 	tnode_t	*tn;
1491 {
1492 	tspec_t	t;
1493 	type_t	*ntp;
1494 	int	len;
1495 
1496 	t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
1497 
1498 	if (!isatyp(t))
1499 		return (tn);
1500 
1501 	if (!tflag) {
1502 		/*
1503 		 * ANSI C requires that the result is always of type INT
1504 		 * if INT can represent all possible values of the previous
1505 		 * type.
1506 		 */
1507 		if (tn->tn_type->t_isfield) {
1508 			len = tn->tn_type->t_flen;
1509 			if (size(INT) > len) {
1510 				t = INT;
1511 			} else {
1512 				if (size(INT) != len)
1513 					lerror("promote() 1");
1514 				if (isutyp(t)) {
1515 					t = UINT;
1516 				} else {
1517 					t = INT;
1518 				}
1519 			}
1520 		} else if (t == CHAR || t == UCHAR || t == SCHAR) {
1521 			t = (size(CHAR) < size(INT) || t != UCHAR) ?
1522 				INT : UINT;
1523 		} else if (t == SHORT || t == USHORT) {
1524 			t = (size(SHORT) < size(INT) || t == SHORT) ?
1525 				INT : UINT;
1526 		} else if (t == ENUM) {
1527 			t = INT;
1528 		} else if (farg && t == FLOAT) {
1529 			t = DOUBLE;
1530 		}
1531 	} else {
1532 		/*
1533 		 * In traditional C, keep unsigned and promote FLOAT
1534 		 * to DOUBLE.
1535 		 */
1536 		if (t == UCHAR || t == USHORT) {
1537 			t = UINT;
1538 		} else if (t == CHAR || t == SCHAR || t == SHORT) {
1539 			t = INT;
1540 		} else if (t == FLOAT) {
1541 			t = DOUBLE;
1542 		} else if (t == ENUM) {
1543 			t = INT;
1544 		}
1545 	}
1546 
1547 	if (t != tn->tn_type->t_tspec) {
1548 		ntp = tduptyp(tn->tn_type);
1549 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1550 		/*
1551 		 * Keep t_isenum so we are later able to check compatibility
1552 		 * of enum types.
1553 		 */
1554 		tn = convert(op, 0, ntp, tn);
1555 	}
1556 
1557 	return (tn);
1558 }
1559 
1560 /*
1561  * Insert conversions which are necessary to give both operands the same
1562  * type. This is done in different ways for traditional C and ANIS C.
1563  */
1564 static void
1565 balance(op, lnp, rnp)
1566 	op_t	op;
1567 	tnode_t	**lnp, **rnp;
1568 {
1569 	tspec_t	lt, rt, t;
1570 	int	i, u;
1571 	type_t	*ntp;
1572 	static	tspec_t	tl[] = {
1573 		LDOUBLE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, UQUAD, QUAD, ULONG, LONG, UINT, INT,
1574 	};
1575 
1576 	lt = (*lnp)->tn_type->t_tspec;
1577 	rt = (*rnp)->tn_type->t_tspec;
1578 
1579 	if (!isatyp(lt) || !isatyp(rt))
1580 		return;
1581 
1582 	if (!tflag) {
1583 		if (lt == rt) {
1584 			t = lt;
1585 		} else if (lt == LDOUBLE || rt == LDOUBLE) {
1586 			t = LDOUBLE;
1587 		} else if (lt == DOUBLE || rt == DOUBLE) {
1588 			t = DOUBLE;
1589 		} else if (lt == FLOAT || rt == FLOAT) {
1590 			t = FLOAT;
1591 		} else {
1592 			/*
1593 			 * If type A has more bits than type B it should
1594 			 * be able to hold all possible values of type B.
1595 			 */
1596 			if (size(lt) > size(rt)) {
1597 				t = lt;
1598 			} else if (size(lt) < size(rt)) {
1599 				t = rt;
1600 			} else {
1601 				for (i = 3; tl[i] != INT; i++) {
1602 					if (tl[i] == lt || tl[i] == rt)
1603 						break;
1604 				}
1605 				if ((isutyp(lt) || isutyp(rt)) &&
1606 				    !isutyp(tl[i])) {
1607 					i--;
1608 				}
1609 				t = tl[i];
1610 			}
1611 		}
1612 	} else {
1613 		/* Keep unsigned in traditional C */
1614 		u = isutyp(lt) || isutyp(rt);
1615 		for (i = 0; tl[i] != INT; i++) {
1616 			if (lt == tl[i] || rt == tl[i])
1617 				break;
1618 		}
1619 		t = tl[i];
1620 		if (u && isityp(t) && !isutyp(t))
1621 			t = utyp(t);
1622 	}
1623 
1624 	if (t != lt) {
1625 		ntp = tduptyp((*lnp)->tn_type);
1626 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1627 		*lnp = convert(op, 0, ntp, *lnp);
1628 	}
1629 	if (t != rt) {
1630 		ntp = tduptyp((*rnp)->tn_type);
1631 		ntp->t_tspec = t;
1632 		*rnp = convert(op, 0, ntp, *rnp);
1633 	}
1634 }
1635 
1636 /*
1637  * Insert a conversion operator, which converts the type of the node
1638  * to another given type.
1639  * If op is FARG, arg is the number of the argument (used for warnings).
1640  */
1641 tnode_t *
1642 convert(op, arg, tp, tn)
1643 	op_t	op;
1644 	int	arg;
1645 	type_t	*tp;
1646 	tnode_t	*tn;
1647 {
1648 	tnode_t	*ntn;
1649 	tspec_t	nt, ot, ost;
1650 
1651 	if (tn->tn_lvalue)
1652 		lerror("convert() 1");
1653 
1654 	nt = tp->t_tspec;
1655 	if ((ot = tn->tn_type->t_tspec) == PTR)
1656 		ost = tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1657 
1658 	if (!tflag && !sflag && op == FARG)
1659 		ptconv(arg, nt, ot, tp, tn);
1660 	if (isityp(nt) && isityp(ot)) {
1661 		iiconv(op, arg, nt, ot, tp, tn);
1662 	} else if (nt == PTR && ((ot == PTR && ost == VOID) || isityp(ot)) &&
1663 		   tn->tn_op == CON && tn->tn_val->v_quad == 0) {
1664 		/* 0, 0L and (void *)0 may be assigned to any pointer. */
1665 	} else if (isityp(nt) && ot == PTR) {
1666 		piconv(op, nt, tp, tn);
1667 	} else if (nt == PTR && ot == PTR) {
1668 		ppconv(op, tn, tp);
1669 	}
1670 
1671 	ntn = getnode();
1672 	ntn->tn_op = CVT;
1673 	ntn->tn_type = tp;
1674 	ntn->tn_cast = op == CVT;
1675 	if (tn->tn_op != CON || nt == VOID) {
1676 		ntn->tn_left = tn;
1677 	} else {
1678 		ntn->tn_op = CON;
1679 		ntn->tn_val = tgetblk(sizeof (val_t));
1680 		cvtcon(op, arg, ntn->tn_type, ntn->tn_val, tn->tn_val);
1681 	}
1682 
1683 	return (ntn);
1684 }
1685 
1686 /*
1687  * Print a warning if a prototype causes a type conversion that is
1688  * different from what would happen to the same argument in the
1689  * absence of a prototype.
1690  *
1691  * Errors/Warnings about illegal type combinations are already printed
1692  * in asgntypok().
1693  */
1694 static void
1695 ptconv(arg, nt, ot, tp, tn)
1696 	int	arg;
1697 	tspec_t	nt, ot;
1698 	type_t	*tp;
1699 	tnode_t	*tn;
1700 {
1701 	tnode_t	*ptn;
1702 
1703 	if (!isatyp(nt) || !isatyp(ot))
1704 		return;
1705 
1706 	/*
1707 	 * If the type of the formal parameter is char/short, a warning
1708 	 * would be useless, because functions declared the old style
1709 	 * can't expect char/short arguments.
1710 	 */
1711 	if (nt == CHAR || nt == UCHAR || nt == SHORT || nt == USHORT)
1712 		return;
1713 
1714 	/* get default promotion */
1715 	ptn = promote(NOOP, 1, tn);
1716 	ot = ptn->tn_type->t_tspec;
1717 
1718 	/* return if types are the same with and without prototype */
1719 	if (nt == ot || (nt == ENUM && ot == INT))
1720 		return;
1721 
1722 	if (isftyp(nt) != isftyp(ot) || psize(nt) != psize(ot)) {
1723 		/* representation and/or width change */
1724 		if (styp(nt) != SHORT || !isityp(ot) || psize(ot) > psize(INT))
1725 			/* conversion to '%s' due to prototype, arg #%d */
1726 			warning(259, tyname(tp), arg);
1727 	} else if (hflag) {
1728 		/*
1729 		 * they differ in sign or base type (char, short, int,
1730 		 * long, long long, float, double, long double)
1731 		 *
1732 		 * if they differ only in sign and the argument is a constant
1733 		 * and the msb of the argument is not set, print no warning
1734 		 */
1735 		if (ptn->tn_op == CON && isityp(nt) && styp(nt) == styp(ot) &&
1736 		    msb(ptn->tn_val->v_quad, ot, -1) == 0) {
1737 			/* ok */
1738 		} else {
1739 			/* conversion to '%s' due to prototype, arg #%d */
1740 			warning(259, tyname(tp), arg);
1741 		}
1742 	}
1743 }
1744 
1745 /*
1746  * Print warnings for conversions of integer types which my cause
1747  * problems.
1748  */
1749 /* ARGSUSED */
1750 static void
1751 iiconv(op, arg, nt, ot, tp, tn)
1752 	op_t	op;
1753 	int	arg;
1754 	tspec_t	nt, ot;
1755 	type_t	*tp;
1756 	tnode_t	*tn;
1757 {
1758 	if (tn->tn_op == CON)
1759 		return;
1760 
1761 	if (op == CVT)
1762 		return;
1763 
1764 #if 0
1765 	if (psize(nt) > psize(ot) && isutyp(nt) != isutyp(ot)) {
1766 		/* conversion to %s may sign-extend incorrectly (, arg #%d) */
1767 		if (aflag && pflag) {
1768 			if (op == FARG) {
1769 				warning(297, tyname(tp), arg);
1770 			} else {
1771 				warning(131, tyname(tp));
1772 			}
1773 		}
1774 	}
1775 #endif
1776 
1777 	if (psize(nt) < psize(ot) &&
1778 	    (ot == LONG || ot == ULONG || ot == QUAD || ot == UQUAD ||
1779 	     aflag > 1)) {
1780 		/* conversion from '%s' may lose accuracy */
1781 		if (aflag) {
1782 			if (op == FARG) {
1783 				warning(298, tyname(tn->tn_type), arg);
1784 			} else {
1785 				warning(132, tyname(tn->tn_type));
1786 			}
1787 		}
1788 	}
1789 }
1790 
1791 /*
1792  * Print warnings for dubious conversions of pointer to integer.
1793  */
1794 static void
1795 piconv(op, nt, tp, tn)
1796 	op_t	op;
1797 	tspec_t	nt;
1798 	type_t	*tp;
1799 	tnode_t	*tn;
1800 {
1801 	if (tn->tn_op == CON)
1802 		return;
1803 
1804 	if (op != CVT) {
1805 		/* We got already an error. */
1806 		return;
1807 	}
1808 
1809 	if (psize(nt) < psize(PTR)) {
1810 		if (pflag && size(nt) >= size(PTR)) {
1811 			/* conv. of pointer to %s may lose bits */
1812 			warning(134, tyname(tp));
1813 		} else {
1814 			/* conv. of pointer to %s loses bits */
1815 			warning(133, tyname(tp));
1816 		}
1817 	}
1818 }
1819 
1820 /*
1821  * Print warnings for questionable pointer conversions.
1822  */
1823 static void
1824 ppconv(op, tn, tp)
1825 	op_t	op;
1826 	tnode_t	*tn;
1827 	type_t	*tp;
1828 {
1829 	tspec_t nt, ot;
1830 	const	char *nts, *ots;
1831 
1832 	/*
1833 	 * We got already an error (pointers of different types
1834 	 * without a cast) or we will not get a warning.
1835 	 */
1836 	if (op != CVT)
1837 		return;
1838 
1839 	nt = tp->t_subt->t_tspec;
1840 	ot = tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec;
1841 
1842 	if (nt == VOID || ot == VOID) {
1843 		if (sflag && (nt == FUNC || ot == FUNC)) {
1844 			/* (void *)0 already handled in convert() */
1845 			*(nt == FUNC ? &nts : &ots) = "function pointer";
1846 			*(nt == VOID ? &nts : &ots) = "'void *'";
1847 			/* ANSI C forbids conversion of %s to %s */
1848 			warning(303, ots, nts);
1849 		}
1850 		return;
1851 	} else if (nt == FUNC && ot == FUNC) {
1852 		return;
1853 	} else if (nt == FUNC || ot == FUNC) {
1854 		/* questionable conversion of function pointer */
1855 		warning(229);
1856 		return;
1857 	}
1858 
1859 	if (getbound(tp->t_subt) > getbound(tn->tn_type->t_subt)) {
1860 		if (hflag)
1861 			/* possible pointer alignment problem */
1862 			warning(135);
1863 	}
1864 	if (((nt == STRUCT || nt == UNION) &&
1865 	     tp->t_subt->t_str != tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_str) ||
1866 	    psize(nt) != psize(ot)) {
1867 		if (cflag) {
1868 			/* pointer casts may be troublesome */
1869 			warning(247);
1870 		}
1871 	}
1872 }
1873 
1874 /*
1875  * Converts a typed constant in a constant of another type.
1876  *
1877  * op		operator which requires conversion
1878  * arg		if op is FARG, # of argument
1879  * tp		type in which to convert the constant
1880  * nv		new constant
1881  * v		old constant
1882  */
1883 void
1884 cvtcon(op, arg, tp, nv, v)
1885 	op_t	op;
1886 	int	arg;
1887 	type_t	*tp;
1888 	val_t	*nv, *v;
1889 {
1890 	tspec_t	ot, nt;
1891 	ldbl_t	max, min;
1892 	int	sz, rchk;
1893 	quad_t	xmask, xmsk1;
1894 	int	osz, nsz;
1895 
1896 	ot = v->v_tspec;
1897 	nt = nv->v_tspec = tp->t_tspec;
1898 	rchk = 0;
1899 
1900 	if (ot == FLOAT || ot == DOUBLE || ot == LDOUBLE) {
1901 		switch (nt) {
1902 		case CHAR:
1903 			max = CHAR_MAX;		min = CHAR_MIN;		break;
1904 		case UCHAR:
1905 			max = UCHAR_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
1906 		case SCHAR:
1907 			max = SCHAR_MAX;	min = SCHAR_MIN;	break;
1908 		case SHORT:
1909 			max = SHRT_MAX;		min = SHRT_MIN;		break;
1910 		case USHORT:
1911 			max = USHRT_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
1912 		case ENUM:
1913 		case INT:
1914 			max = INT_MAX;		min = INT_MIN;		break;
1915 		case UINT:
1916 			max = (u_int)UINT_MAX;	min = 0;		break;
1917 		case LONG:
1918 			max = LONG_MAX;		min = LONG_MIN;		break;
1919 		case ULONG:
1920 			max = (u_long)ULONG_MAX; min = 0;		break;
1921 		case QUAD:
1922 			max = QUAD_MAX;		min = QUAD_MIN;		break;
1923 		case UQUAD:
1924 			max = (u_quad_t)UQUAD_MAX; min = 0;		break;
1925 		case FLOAT:
1926 			max = FLT_MAX;		min = -FLT_MAX;		break;
1927 		case DOUBLE:
1928 			max = DBL_MAX;		min = -DBL_MAX;		break;
1929 		case PTR:
1930 			/* Got already an error because of float --> ptr */
1931 		case LDOUBLE:
1932 			max = LDBL_MAX;		min = -LDBL_MAX;	break;
1933 		default:
1934 			lerror("cvtcon() 1");
1935 		}
1936 		if (v->v_ldbl > max || v->v_ldbl < min) {
1937 			if (nt == LDOUBLE)
1938 				lerror("cvtcon() 2");
1939 			if (op == FARG) {
1940 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
1941 				warning(295, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp),
1942 					arg);
1943 			} else {
1944 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
1945 				warning(119, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp));
1946 			}
1947 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl > 0 ? max : min;
1948 		}
1949 		if (nt == FLOAT) {
1950 			nv->v_ldbl = (float)v->v_ldbl;
1951 		} else if (nt == DOUBLE) {
1952 			nv->v_ldbl = (double)v->v_ldbl;
1953 		} else if (nt == LDOUBLE) {
1954 			nv->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl;
1955 		} else {
1956 			nv->v_quad = (nt == PTR || isutyp(nt)) ?
1957 				(u_quad_t)v->v_ldbl : (quad_t)v->v_ldbl;
1958 		}
1959 	} else {
1960 		if (nt == FLOAT) {
1961 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
1962 			       (float)(u_quad_t)v->v_quad : (float)v->v_quad;
1963 		} else if (nt == DOUBLE) {
1964 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
1965 			       (double)(u_quad_t)v->v_quad : (double)v->v_quad;
1966 		} else if (nt == LDOUBLE) {
1967 			nv->v_ldbl = (ot == PTR || isutyp(ot)) ?
1968 			       (ldbl_t)(u_quad_t)v->v_quad : (ldbl_t)v->v_quad;
1969 		} else {
1970 			rchk = 1;		/* Check for lost precision. */
1971 			nv->v_quad = v->v_quad;
1972 		}
1973 	}
1974 
1975 	if (v->v_ansiu && isftyp(nt)) {
1976 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned */
1977 		warning(157);
1978 		v->v_ansiu = 0;
1979 	} else if (v->v_ansiu && (isityp(nt) && !isutyp(nt) &&
1980 				  psize(nt) > psize(ot))) {
1981 		/* ANSI C treats constant as unsigned */
1982 		warning(157);
1983 		v->v_ansiu = 0;
1984 	}
1985 
1986 	if (nt != FLOAT && nt != DOUBLE && nt != LDOUBLE) {
1987 		sz = tp->t_isfield ? tp->t_flen : size(nt);
1988 		nv->v_quad = xsign(nv->v_quad, nt, sz);
1989 	}
1990 
1991 	if (rchk && op != CVT) {
1992 		osz = size(ot);
1993 		nsz = tp->t_isfield ? tp->t_flen : size(nt);
1994 		xmask = qlmasks[nsz] ^ qlmasks[osz];
1995 		xmsk1 = qlmasks[nsz] ^ qlmasks[osz - 1];
1996 		/*
1997 		 * For bitwise operations we are not interested in the
1998 		 * value, but in the bits itself.
1999 		 */
2000 		if (op == ORASS || op == OR || op == XOR) {
2001 			/*
2002 			 * Print a warning if bits which were set are
2003 			 * lost due to the conversion.
2004 			 * This can happen with operator ORASS only.
2005 			 */
2006 			if (nsz < osz && (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0) {
2007 				/* constant truncated by conv., op %s */
2008 				warning(306, modtab[op].m_name);
2009 			}
2010 		} else if (op == ANDASS || op == AND) {
2011 			/*
2012 			 * Print a warning if additional bits are not all 1
2013 			 * and the most significant bit of the old value is 1,
2014 			 * or if at least one (but not all) removed bit was 0.
2015 			 */
2016 			if (nsz > osz &&
2017 			    (nv->v_quad & qbmasks[osz - 1]) != 0 &&
2018 			    (nv->v_quad & xmask) != xmask) {
2019 				/*
2020 				 * extra bits set to 0 in conversion
2021 				 * of '%s' to '%s', op %s
2022 				 */
2023 				warning(309, tyname(gettyp(ot)),
2024 					tyname(tp), modtab[op].m_name);
2025 			} else if (nsz < osz &&
2026 				   (v->v_quad & xmask) != xmask &&
2027 				   (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0) {
2028 				/* const. truncated by conv., op %s */
2029 				warning(306, modtab[op].m_name);
2030 			}
2031 		} else if ((nt != PTR && isutyp(nt)) &&
2032 			   (ot != PTR && !isutyp(ot)) && v->v_quad < 0) {
2033 			if (op == ASSIGN) {
2034 				/* assignment of negative constant to ... */
2035 				warning(164);
2036 			} else if (op == INIT) {
2037 				/* initialisation of unsigned with neg. ... */
2038 				warning(221);
2039 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2040 				/* conversion of neg. const. to ..., arg #%d */
2041 				warning(296, arg);
2042 			} else if (modtab[op].m_comp) {
2043 				/* we get this warning already in chkcomp() */
2044 			} else {
2045 				/* conversion of negative constant to ... */
2046 				warning(222);
2047 			}
2048 		} else if (nv->v_quad != v->v_quad && nsz <= osz &&
2049 			   (v->v_quad & xmask) != 0 &&
2050 			   (isutyp(ot) || (v->v_quad & xmsk1) != xmsk1)) {
2051 			/*
2052 			 * Loss of significant bit(s). All truncated bits
2053 			 * of unsigned types or all truncated bits plus the
2054 			 * msb of the target for signed types are considered
2055 			 * to be significant bits. Loss of significant bits
2056 			 * means that at least on of the bits was set in an
2057 			 * unsigned type or that at least one, but not all of
2058 			 * the bits was set in an signed type.
2059 			 * Loss of significant bits means that it is not
2060 			 * possible, also not with necessary casts, to convert
2061 			 * back to the original type. A example for a
2062 			 * necessary cast is:
2063 			 *	char c;	int	i; c = 128;
2064 			 *	i = c;			** yields -128 **
2065 			 *	i = (unsigned char)c;	** yields 128 **
2066 			 */
2067 			if (op == ASSIGN && tp->t_isfield) {
2068 				/* precision lost in bit-field assignment */
2069 				warning(166);
2070 			} else if (op == ASSIGN) {
2071 				/* constant truncated by assignment */
2072 				warning(165);
2073 			} else if (op == INIT && tp->t_isfield) {
2074 				/* bit-field initializer does not fit */
2075 				warning(180);
2076 			} else if (op == INIT) {
2077 				/* initializer does not fit */
2078 				warning(178);
2079 			} else if (op == CASE) {
2080 				/* case label affected by conversion */
2081 				warning(196);
2082 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2083 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
2084 				warning(295, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp),
2085 					arg);
2086 			} else {
2087 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
2088 				warning(119, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp));
2089 			}
2090 		} else if (nv->v_quad != v->v_quad) {
2091 			if (op == ASSIGN && tp->t_isfield) {
2092 				/* precision lost in bit-field assignment */
2093 				warning(166);
2094 			} else if (op == INIT && tp->t_isfield) {
2095 				/* bit-field initializer out of range */
2096 				warning(11);
2097 			} else if (op == CASE) {
2098 				/* case label affected by conversion */
2099 				warning(196);
2100 			} else if (op == FARG) {
2101 				/* conv. of %s to %s is out of rng., arg #%d */
2102 				warning(295, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp),
2103 					arg);
2104 			} else {
2105 				/* conversion of %s to %s is out of range */
2106 				warning(119, tyname(gettyp(ot)), tyname(tp));
2107 			}
2108 		}
2109 	}
2110 }
2111 
2112 /*
2113  * Called if incompatible types were detected.
2114  * Prints a appropriate warning.
2115  */
2116 static void
2117 incompat(op, lt, rt)
2118 	op_t	op;
2119 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
2120 {
2121 	mod_t	*mp;
2122 
2123 	mp = &modtab[op];
2124 
2125 	if (lt == VOID || (mp->m_binary && rt == VOID)) {
2126 		/* void type illegal in expression */
2127 		error(109);
2128 	} else if (op == ASSIGN) {
2129 		if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) &&
2130 		    (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION)) {
2131 			/* assignment of different structures */
2132 			error(240);
2133 		} else {
2134 			/* assignment type mismatch */
2135 			error(171);
2136 		}
2137 	} else if (mp->m_binary) {
2138 		/* operands of %s have incompatible types */
2139 		error(107, mp->m_name);
2140 	} else {
2141 		/* operand of %s has incompatible type */
2142 		error(108, mp->m_name);
2143 	}
2144 }
2145 
2146 /*
2147  * Called if incompatible pointer types are detected.
2148  * Print an appropriate warning.
2149  */
2150 static void
2151 illptrc(mp, ltp, rtp)
2152 	mod_t	*mp;
2153 	type_t	*ltp, *rtp;
2154 {
2155 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
2156 
2157 	if (ltp->t_tspec != PTR || rtp->t_tspec != PTR)
2158 		lerror("illptrc() 1");
2159 
2160 	lt = ltp->t_subt->t_tspec;
2161 	rt = rtp->t_subt->t_tspec;
2162 
2163 	if ((lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) && (rt == STRUCT || rt == UNION)) {
2164 		if (mp == NULL) {
2165 			/* illegal structure pointer combination */
2166 			warning(244);
2167 		} else {
2168 			/* illegal structure pointer combination, op %s */
2169 			warning(245, mp->m_name);
2170 		}
2171 	} else {
2172 		if (mp == NULL) {
2173 			/* illegal pointer combination */
2174 			warning(184);
2175 		} else {
2176 			/* illegal pointer combination, op %s */
2177 			warning(124, mp->m_name);
2178 		}
2179 	}
2180 }
2181 
2182 /*
2183  * Make sure type (*tpp)->t_subt has at least the qualifiers
2184  * of tp1->t_subt and tp2->t_subt.
2185  */
2186 static void
2187 mrgqual(tpp, tp1, tp2)
2188 	type_t	**tpp, *tp1, *tp2;
2189 {
2190 	if ((*tpp)->t_tspec != PTR ||
2191 	    tp1->t_tspec != PTR || tp2->t_tspec != PTR) {
2192 		lerror("mrgqual()");
2193 	}
2194 
2195 	if ((*tpp)->t_subt->t_const ==
2196 	    (tp1->t_subt->t_const | tp2->t_subt->t_const) &&
2197 	    (*tpp)->t_subt->t_volatile ==
2198 	    (tp1->t_subt->t_volatile | tp2->t_subt->t_volatile)) {
2199 		return;
2200 	}
2201 
2202 	*tpp = tduptyp(*tpp);
2203 	(*tpp)->t_subt = tduptyp((*tpp)->t_subt);
2204 	(*tpp)->t_subt->t_const =
2205 		tp1->t_subt->t_const | tp2->t_subt->t_const;
2206 	(*tpp)->t_subt->t_volatile =
2207 		tp1->t_subt->t_volatile | tp2->t_subt->t_volatile;
2208 }
2209 
2210 /*
2211  * Returns 1 if the given structure or union has a constant member
2212  * (maybe recursively).
2213  */
2214 static int
2215 conmemb(tp)
2216 	type_t	*tp;
2217 {
2218 	sym_t	*m;
2219 	tspec_t	t;
2220 
2221 	if ((t = tp->t_tspec) != STRUCT && t != UNION)
2222 		lerror("conmemb()");
2223 	for (m = tp->t_str->memb; m != NULL; m = m->s_nxt) {
2224 		tp = m->s_type;
2225 		if (tp->t_const)
2226 			return (1);
2227 		if ((t = tp->t_tspec) == STRUCT || t == UNION) {
2228 			if (conmemb(m->s_type))
2229 				return (1);
2230 		}
2231 	}
2232 	return (0);
2233 }
2234 
2235 const char *
2236 tyname(tp)
2237 	type_t	*tp;
2238 {
2239 	tspec_t	t;
2240 	const	char *s;
2241 
2242 	if ((t = tp->t_tspec) == INT && tp->t_isenum)
2243 		t = ENUM;
2244 
2245 	switch (t) {
2246 	case CHAR:	s = "char";			break;
2247 	case UCHAR:	s = "unsigned char";		break;
2248 	case SCHAR:	s = "signed char";		break;
2249 	case SHORT:	s = "short";			break;
2250 	case USHORT:	s = "unsigned short";		break;
2251 	case INT:	s = "int";			break;
2252 	case UINT:	s = "unsigned int";		break;
2253 	case LONG:	s = "long";			break;
2254 	case ULONG:	s = "unsigned long";		break;
2255 	case QUAD:	s = "long long";		break;
2256 	case UQUAD:	s = "unsigned long long";	break;
2257 	case FLOAT:	s = "float";			break;
2258 	case DOUBLE:	s = "double";			break;
2259 	case LDOUBLE:	s = "long double";		break;
2260 	case PTR:	s = "pointer";			break;
2261 	case ENUM:	s = "enum";			break;
2262 	case STRUCT:	s = "struct";			break;
2263 	case UNION:	s = "union";			break;
2264 	case FUNC:	s = "function";			break;
2265 	case ARRAY:	s = "array";			break;
2266 	default:
2267 		lerror("tyname()");
2268 	}
2269 	return (s);
2270 }
2271 
2272 /*
2273  * Create a new node for one of the operators POINT and ARROW.
2274  */
2275 static tnode_t *
2276 bldstr(op, ln, rn)
2277 	op_t	op;
2278 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
2279 {
2280 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2281 	int	nolval;
2282 
2283 	if (rn->tn_op != NAME)
2284 		lerror("bldstr() 1");
2285 	if (rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_tspec != INT)
2286 		lerror("bldstr() 2");
2287 	if (rn->tn_sym->s_scl != MOS && rn->tn_sym->s_scl != MOU)
2288 		lerror("bldstr() 3");
2289 
2290 	/*
2291 	 * Remember if the left operand is an lvalue (structure members
2292 	 * are lvalues if and only if the structure itself is an lvalue).
2293 	 */
2294 	nolval = op == POINT && !ln->tn_lvalue;
2295 
2296 	if (op == POINT) {
2297 		ln = bldamper(ln, 1);
2298 	} else if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR) {
2299 		if (!tflag || !isityp(ln->tn_type->t_tspec))
2300 			lerror("bldstr() 4");
2301 		ln = convert(NOOP, 0, tincref(gettyp(VOID), PTR), ln);
2302 	}
2303 
2304 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2305 	ctn = getinode(LONG, rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_quad / CHAR_BIT);
2306 #else
2307 	ctn = getinode(INT, rn->tn_sym->s_value.v_quad / CHAR_BIT);
2308 #endif
2309 
2310 	ntn = mktnode(PLUS, tincref(rn->tn_type, PTR), ln, ctn);
2311 	if (ln->tn_op == CON)
2312 		ntn = fold(ntn);
2313 
2314 	if (rn->tn_type->t_isfield) {
2315 		ntn = mktnode(FSEL, ntn->tn_type->t_subt, ntn, NULL);
2316 	} else {
2317 		ntn = mktnode(STAR, ntn->tn_type->t_subt, ntn, NULL);
2318 	}
2319 
2320 	if (nolval)
2321 		ntn->tn_lvalue = 0;
2322 
2323 	return (ntn);
2324 }
2325 
2326 /*
2327  * Create a node for INCAFT, INCBEF, DECAFT and DECBEF.
2328  */
2329 static tnode_t *
2330 bldincdec(op, ln)
2331 	op_t	op;
2332 	tnode_t	*ln;
2333 {
2334 	tnode_t	*cn, *ntn;
2335 
2336 	if (ln == NULL)
2337 		lerror("bldincdec() 1");
2338 
2339 	if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
2340 		cn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2341 	} else {
2342 		cn = getinode(INT, (quad_t)1);
2343 	}
2344 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, cn);
2345 
2346 	return (ntn);
2347 }
2348 
2349 /*
2350  * Create a tree node for the & operator
2351  */
2352 static tnode_t *
2353 bldamper(tn, noign)
2354 	tnode_t	*tn;
2355 	int	noign;
2356 {
2357 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2358 	tspec_t	t;
2359 
2360 	if (!noign && ((t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec) == ARRAY || t == FUNC)) {
2361 		/* & before array or function: ignored */
2362 		if (tflag)
2363 			warning(127);
2364 		return (tn);
2365 	}
2366 
2367 	/* eliminate &* */
2368 	if (tn->tn_op == STAR &&
2369 	    tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR &&
2370 	    tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_subt == tn->tn_type) {
2371 		return (tn->tn_left);
2372 	}
2373 
2374 	ntn = mktnode(AMPER, tincref(tn->tn_type, PTR), tn, NULL);
2375 
2376 	return (ntn);
2377 }
2378 
2379 /*
2380  * Create a node for operators PLUS and MINUS.
2381  */
2382 static tnode_t *
2383 bldplmi(op, ln, rn)
2384 	op_t	op;
2385 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
2386 {
2387 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2388 	type_t	*tp;
2389 
2390 	/* If pointer and integer, then pointer to the lhs. */
2391 	if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR && isityp(ln->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2392 		ntn = ln;
2393 		ln = rn;
2394 		rn = ntn;
2395 	}
2396 
2397 	if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR && rn->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR) {
2398 
2399 		if (!isityp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec))
2400 			lerror("bldplmi() 1");
2401 
2402 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2403 		if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec != ctn->tn_type->t_tspec)
2404 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, ctn->tn_type, rn);
2405 		rn = mktnode(MULT, rn->tn_type, rn, ctn);
2406 		if (rn->tn_left->tn_op == CON)
2407 			rn = fold(rn);
2408 		ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2409 
2410 	} else if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec == PTR) {
2411 
2412 		if (ln->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR || op != MINUS)
2413 			lerror("bldplmi() 2");
2414 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2415 		tp = gettyp(LONG);
2416 #else
2417 		tp = gettyp(INT);
2418 #endif
2419 		ntn = mktnode(op, tp, ln, rn);
2420 		if (ln->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_op == CON)
2421 			ntn = fold(ntn);
2422 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2423 		balance(NOOP, &ntn, &ctn);
2424 		ntn = mktnode(DIV, tp, ntn, ctn);
2425 
2426 	} else {
2427 
2428 		ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2429 
2430 	}
2431 	return (ntn);
2432 }
2433 
2434 /*
2435  * Create a node for operators SHL and SHR.
2436  */
2437 static tnode_t *
2438 bldshft(op, ln, rn)
2439 	op_t	op;
2440 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
2441 {
2442 	tspec_t	t;
2443 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2444 
2445 	if ((t = rn->tn_type->t_tspec) != INT && t != UINT)
2446 		rn = convert(CVT, 0, gettyp(INT), rn);
2447 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2448 	return (ntn);
2449 }
2450 
2451 /*
2452  * Create a node for COLON.
2453  */
2454 static tnode_t *
2455 bldcol(ln, rn)
2456 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
2457 {
2458 	tspec_t	lt, rt, pdt;
2459 	type_t	*rtp;
2460 	tnode_t	*ntn;
2461 
2462 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
2463 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2464 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2465 	pdt = LONG;
2466 #else
2467 	pdt = INT;
2468 #endif
2469 
2470 	/*
2471 	 * Arithmetic types are balanced, all other type combinations
2472 	 * still need to be handled.
2473 	 */
2474 	if (isatyp(lt) && isatyp(rt)) {
2475 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2476 	} else if (lt == VOID || rt == VOID) {
2477 		rtp = gettyp(VOID);
2478 	} else if (lt == STRUCT || lt == UNION) {
2479 		/* Both types must be identical. */
2480 		if (rt != STRUCT && rt != UNION)
2481 			lerror("bldcol() 1");
2482 		if (ln->tn_type->t_str != rn->tn_type->t_str)
2483 			lerror("bldcol() 2");
2484 		if (incompl(ln->tn_type)) {
2485 			/* unknown operand size, op %s */
2486 			error(138, modtab[COLON].m_name);
2487 			return (NULL);
2488 		}
2489 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2490 	} else if (lt == PTR && isityp(rt)) {
2491 		if (rt != pdt) {
2492 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, gettyp(pdt), rn);
2493 			rt = pdt;
2494 		}
2495 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2496 	} else if (rt == PTR && isityp(lt)) {
2497 		if (lt != pdt) {
2498 			ln = convert(NOOP, 0, gettyp(pdt), ln);
2499 			lt = pdt;
2500 		}
2501 		rtp = rn->tn_type;
2502 	} else if (lt == PTR && ln->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec == VOID) {
2503 		if (rt != PTR)
2504 			lerror("bldcol() 4");
2505 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2506 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2507 	} else if (rt == PTR && rn->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec == VOID) {
2508 		if (lt != PTR)
2509 			lerror("bldcol() 5");
2510 		rtp = rn->tn_type;
2511 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2512 	} else {
2513 		if (lt != PTR || rt != PTR)
2514 			lerror("bldcol() 6");
2515 		/*
2516 		 * XXX For now we simply take the left type. This is
2517 		 * probably wrong, if one type contains a functionprototype
2518 		 * and the other one, at the same place, only an old style
2519 		 * declaration.
2520 		 */
2521 		rtp = ln->tn_type;
2522 		mrgqual(&rtp, ln->tn_type, rn->tn_type);
2523 	}
2524 
2525 	ntn = mktnode(COLON, rtp, ln, rn);
2526 
2527 	return (ntn);
2528 }
2529 
2530 /*
2531  * Create a node for an assignment operator (both = and op= ).
2532  */
2533 static tnode_t *
2534 bldasgn(op, ln, rn)
2535 	op_t	op;
2536 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
2537 {
2538 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
2539 	tnode_t	*ntn, *ctn;
2540 
2541 	if (ln == NULL || rn == NULL)
2542 		lerror("bldasgn() 1");
2543 
2544 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
2545 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2546 
2547 	if ((op == ADDASS || op == SUBASS) && lt == PTR) {
2548 		if (!isityp(rt))
2549 			lerror("bldasgn() 2");
2550 		ctn = plength(ln->tn_type);
2551 		if (rn->tn_type->t_tspec != ctn->tn_type->t_tspec)
2552 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, ctn->tn_type, rn);
2553 		rn = mktnode(MULT, rn->tn_type, rn, ctn);
2554 		if (rn->tn_left->tn_op == CON)
2555 			rn = fold(rn);
2556 	}
2557 
2558 	if ((op == ASSIGN || op == RETURN) && (lt == STRUCT || rt == STRUCT)) {
2559 		if (rt != lt || ln->tn_type->t_str != rn->tn_type->t_str)
2560 			lerror("bldasgn() 3");
2561 		if (incompl(ln->tn_type)) {
2562 			if (op == RETURN) {
2563 				/* cannot return incomplete type */
2564 				error(212);
2565 			} else {
2566 				/* unknown operand size, op %s */
2567 				error(138, modtab[op].m_name);
2568 			}
2569 			return (NULL);
2570 		}
2571 	}
2572 
2573 	if (op == SHLASS || op == SHRASS) {
2574 		if (rt != INT) {
2575 			rn = convert(NOOP, 0, gettyp(INT), rn);
2576 			rt = INT;
2577 		}
2578 	} else {
2579 		if (op == ASSIGN || lt != PTR) {
2580 			if (lt != rt ||
2581 			    (ln->tn_type->t_isfield && rn->tn_op == CON)) {
2582 				rn = convert(op, 0, ln->tn_type, rn);
2583 				rt = lt;
2584 			}
2585 		}
2586 	}
2587 
2588 	ntn = mktnode(op, ln->tn_type, ln, rn);
2589 
2590 	return (ntn);
2591 }
2592 
2593 /*
2594  * Get length of type tp->t_subt.
2595  */
2596 static tnode_t *
2597 plength(tp)
2598 	type_t	*tp;
2599 {
2600 	int	elem, elsz;
2601 	tspec_t	st;
2602 
2603 	if (tp->t_tspec != PTR)
2604 		lerror("plength() 1");
2605 	tp = tp->t_subt;
2606 
2607 	elem = 1;
2608 	elsz = 0;
2609 
2610 	while (tp->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
2611 		elem *= tp->t_dim;
2612 		tp = tp->t_subt;
2613 	}
2614 
2615 	switch (tp->t_tspec) {
2616 	case FUNC:
2617 		/* pointer to function is not allowed here */
2618 		error(110);
2619 		break;
2620 	case VOID:
2621 		/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2622 		(void)gnuism(136);
2623 		break;
2624 	case STRUCT:
2625 	case UNION:
2626 		if ((elsz = tp->t_str->size) == 0)
2627 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2628 			error(136);
2629 		break;
2630 	case ENUM:
2631 		if (incompl(tp)) {
2632 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2633 			warning(136);
2634 		}
2635 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2636 	default:
2637 		if ((elsz = size(tp->t_tspec)) == 0) {
2638 			/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2639 			error(136);
2640 		} else if (elsz == -1) {
2641 			lerror("plength() 2");
2642 		}
2643 		break;
2644 	}
2645 
2646 	if (elem == 0 && elsz != 0) {
2647 		/* cannot do pointer arithmetic on operand of ... */
2648 		error(136);
2649 	}
2650 
2651 	if (elsz == 0)
2652 		elsz = CHAR_BIT;
2653 
2654 #if PTRDIFF_IS_LONG
2655 	st = LONG;
2656 #else
2657 	st = INT;
2658 #endif
2659 
2660 	return (getinode(st, (quad_t)(elem * elsz / CHAR_BIT)));
2661 }
2662 
2663 #ifdef XXX_BROKEN_GCC
2664 static int
2665 quad_t_eq(x, y)
2666 	quad_t x, y;
2667 {
2668 	return (x == y);
2669 }
2670 
2671 static int
2672 u_quad_t_eq(x, y)
2673 	u_quad_t x, y;
2674 {
2675 	return (x == y);
2676 }
2677 #endif
2678 
2679 /*
2680  * Do only as much as necessary to compute constant expressions.
2681  * Called only if the operator allows folding and (both) operands
2682  * are constants.
2683  */
2684 static tnode_t *
2685 fold(tn)
2686 	tnode_t	*tn;
2687 {
2688 	val_t	*v;
2689 	tspec_t	t;
2690 	int	utyp, ovfl;
2691 	quad_t	sl, sr, q, mask;
2692 	u_quad_t ul, ur;
2693 	tnode_t	*cn;
2694 
2695 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2696 	v->v_tspec = t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2697 
2698 	utyp = t == PTR || isutyp(t);
2699 	ul = sl = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad;
2700 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary)
2701 		ur = sr = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad;
2702 
2703 	ovfl = 0;
2704 
2705 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
2706 	case UPLUS:
2707 		q = sl;
2708 		break;
2709 	case UMINUS:
2710 		q = -sl;
2711 		if (msb(q, t, -1) == msb(sl, t, -1))
2712 			ovfl = 1;
2713 		break;
2714 	case COMPL:
2715 		q = ~sl;
2716 		break;
2717 	case MULT:
2718 		q = utyp ? ul * ur : sl * sr;
2719 		if (msb(q, t, -1) != (msb(sl, t, -1) ^ msb(sr, t, -1)))
2720 			ovfl = 1;
2721 		break;
2722 	case DIV:
2723 		if (sr == 0) {
2724 			/* division by 0 */
2725 			error(139);
2726 			q = utyp ? UQUAD_MAX : QUAD_MAX;
2727 		} else {
2728 			q = utyp ? ul / ur : sl / sr;
2729 		}
2730 		break;
2731 	case MOD:
2732 		if (sr == 0) {
2733 			/* modulus by 0 */
2734 			error(140);
2735 			q = 0;
2736 		} else {
2737 			q = utyp ? ul % ur : sl % sr;
2738 		}
2739 		break;
2740 	case PLUS:
2741 		q = utyp ? ul + ur : sl + sr;
2742 		if (msb(sl, t, -1)  != 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) != 0) {
2743 			if (msb(q, t, -1) == 0)
2744 				ovfl = 1;
2745 		} else if (msb(sl, t, -1) == 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) == 0) {
2746 			if (msb(q, t, -1) != 0)
2747 				ovfl = 1;
2748 		}
2749 		break;
2750 	case MINUS:
2751 		q = utyp ? ul - ur : sl - sr;
2752 		if (msb(sl, t, -1) != 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) == 0) {
2753 			if (msb(q, t, -1) == 0)
2754 				ovfl = 1;
2755 		} else if (msb(sl, t, -1) == 0 && msb(sr, t, -1) != 0) {
2756 			if (msb(q, t, -1) != 0)
2757 				ovfl = 1;
2758 		}
2759 		break;
2760 	case SHL:
2761 		q = utyp ? ul << sr : sl << sr;
2762 		break;
2763 	case SHR:
2764 		/*
2765 		 * The sign must be explizitly extended because
2766 		 * shifts of signed values are implementation dependent.
2767 		 */
2768 		q = ul >> sr;
2769 		q = xsign(q, t, size(t) - (int)sr);
2770 		break;
2771 	case LT:
2772 		q = utyp ? ul < ur : sl < sr;
2773 		break;
2774 	case LE:
2775 		q = utyp ? ul <= ur : sl <= sr;
2776 		break;
2777 	case GE:
2778 		q = utyp ? ul >= ur : sl >= sr;
2779 		break;
2780 	case GT:
2781 		q = utyp ? ul > ur : sl > sr;
2782 		break;
2783 	case EQ:
2784 #ifdef XXX_BROKEN_GCC
2785 		q = utyp ? u_quad_t_eq(ul, ur) : quad_t_eq(sl, sr);
2786 #else
2787 		q = utyp ? ul == ur : sl == sr;
2788 #endif
2789 		break;
2790 	case NE:
2791 		q = utyp ? ul != ur : sl != sr;
2792 		break;
2793 	case AND:
2794 		q = utyp ? ul & ur : sl & sr;
2795 		break;
2796 	case XOR:
2797 		q = utyp ? ul ^ ur : sl ^ sr;
2798 		break;
2799 	case OR:
2800 		q = utyp ? ul | ur : sl | sr;
2801 		break;
2802 	default:
2803 		lerror("fold() 5");
2804 	}
2805 
2806 	mask = qlmasks[size(t)];
2807 
2808 	/* XXX does not work for quads. */
2809 	if (ovfl || ((q | mask) != ~(u_quad_t)0 && (q & ~mask) != 0)) {
2810 		if (hflag)
2811 			/* integer overflow detected, op %s */
2812 			warning(141, modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
2813 	}
2814 
2815 	v->v_quad = xsign(q, t, -1);
2816 
2817 	cn = getcnode(tn->tn_type, v);
2818 
2819 	return (cn);
2820 }
2821 
2822 #ifdef XXX_BROKEN_GCC
2823 int
2824 ldbl_t_neq(x, y)
2825 	ldbl_t x, y;
2826 {
2827 	return (x != y);
2828 }
2829 #endif
2830 
2831 /*
2832  * Same for operators whose operands are compared with 0 (test context).
2833  */
2834 static tnode_t *
2835 foldtst(tn)
2836 	tnode_t	*tn;
2837 {
2838 	int	l, r;
2839 	val_t	*v;
2840 
2841 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2842 	v->v_tspec = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2843 	if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != INT)
2844 		lerror("foldtst() 1");
2845 
2846 	if (isftyp(tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2847 #ifdef XXX_BROKEN_GCC
2848 		l = ldbl_t_neq(tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_ldbl, 0.0);
2849 #else
2850 		l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
2851 #endif
2852 	} else {
2853 		l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
2854 	}
2855 
2856 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary) {
2857 		if (isftyp(tn->tn_right->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
2858 #ifdef XXX_BROKEN_GCC
2859 			r = ldbl_t_neq(tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_ldbl, 0.0);
2860 #else
2861 			r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
2862 #endif
2863 		} else {
2864 			r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
2865 		}
2866 	}
2867 
2868 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
2869 	case NOT:
2870 		if (hflag)
2871 			/* constant argument to NOT */
2872 			warning(239);
2873 		v->v_quad = !l;
2874 		break;
2875 	case LOGAND:
2876 		v->v_quad = l && r;
2877 		break;
2878 	case LOGOR:
2879 		v->v_quad = l || r;
2880 		break;
2881 	default:
2882 		lerror("foldtst() 1");
2883 	}
2884 
2885 	return (getcnode(tn->tn_type, v));
2886 }
2887 
2888 /*
2889  * Same for operands with floating point type.
2890  */
2891 static tnode_t *
2892 foldflt(tn)
2893 	tnode_t	*tn;
2894 {
2895 	val_t	*v;
2896 	tspec_t	t;
2897 	ldbl_t	l, r;
2898 
2899 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
2900 	v->v_tspec = t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
2901 
2902 	if (!isftyp(t))
2903 		lerror("foldflt() 1");
2904 
2905 	if (t != tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec)
2906 		lerror("foldflt() 2");
2907 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary && t != tn->tn_right->tn_type->t_tspec)
2908 		lerror("foldflt() 3");
2909 
2910 	l = tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_ldbl;
2911 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary)
2912 		r = tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_ldbl;
2913 
2914 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
2915 	case UPLUS:
2916 		v->v_ldbl = l;
2917 		break;
2918 	case UMINUS:
2919 		v->v_ldbl = -l;
2920 		break;
2921 	case MULT:
2922 		v->v_ldbl = l * r;
2923 		break;
2924 	case DIV:
2925 		if (r == 0.0) {
2926 			/* division by 0 */
2927 			error(139);
2928 			if (t == FLOAT) {
2929 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -FLT_MAX : FLT_MAX;
2930 			} else if (t == DOUBLE) {
2931 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -DBL_MAX : DBL_MAX;
2932 			} else {
2933 				v->v_ldbl = l < 0 ? -LDBL_MAX : LDBL_MAX;
2934 			}
2935 		} else {
2936 			v->v_ldbl = l / r;
2937 		}
2938 		break;
2939 	case PLUS:
2940 		v->v_ldbl = l + r;
2941 		break;
2942 	case MINUS:
2943 		v->v_ldbl = l - r;
2944 		break;
2945 	case LT:
2946 		v->v_quad = l < r;
2947 		break;
2948 	case LE:
2949 		v->v_quad = l <= r;
2950 		break;
2951 	case GE:
2952 		v->v_quad = l >= r;
2953 		break;
2954 	case GT:
2955 		v->v_quad = l > r;
2956 		break;
2957 	case EQ:
2958 		v->v_quad = l == r;
2959 		break;
2960 	case NE:
2961 		v->v_quad = l != r;
2962 		break;
2963 	default:
2964 		lerror("foldflt() 4");
2965 	}
2966 
2967 	if (isnan((double)v->v_ldbl))
2968 		lerror("foldflt() 5");
2969 	if (isinf((double)v->v_ldbl) ||
2970 	    (t == FLOAT &&
2971 	     (v->v_ldbl > FLT_MAX || v->v_ldbl < -FLT_MAX)) ||
2972 	    (t == DOUBLE &&
2973 	     (v->v_ldbl > DBL_MAX || v->v_ldbl < -DBL_MAX))) {
2974 		/* floating point overflow detected, op %s */
2975 		warning(142, modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
2976 		if (t == FLOAT) {
2977 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -FLT_MAX : FLT_MAX;
2978 		} else if (t == DOUBLE) {
2979 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -DBL_MAX : DBL_MAX;
2980 		} else {
2981 			v->v_ldbl = v->v_ldbl < 0 ? -LDBL_MAX: LDBL_MAX;
2982 		}
2983 	}
2984 
2985 	return (getcnode(tn->tn_type, v));
2986 }
2987 
2988 /*
2989  * Create a constant node for sizeof.
2990  */
2991 tnode_t *
2992 bldszof(tp)
2993 	type_t	*tp;
2994 {
2995 	int	elem, elsz;
2996 	tspec_t	st;
2997 
2998 	elem = 1;
2999 	while (tp->t_tspec == ARRAY) {
3000 		elem *= tp->t_dim;
3001 		tp = tp->t_subt;
3002 	}
3003 	if (elem == 0) {
3004 		/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3005 		error(143);
3006 		elem = 1;
3007 	}
3008 	switch (tp->t_tspec) {
3009 	case FUNC:
3010 		/* cannot take size of function */
3011 		error(144);
3012 		elsz = 1;
3013 		break;
3014 	case STRUCT:
3015 	case UNION:
3016 		if (incompl(tp)) {
3017 			/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3018 			error(143);
3019 			elsz = 1;
3020 		} else {
3021 			elsz = tp->t_str->size;
3022 		}
3023 		break;
3024 	case ENUM:
3025 		if (incompl(tp)) {
3026 			/* cannot take size of incomplete type */
3027 			warning(143);
3028 		}
3029 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3030 	default:
3031 		if (tp->t_isfield) {
3032 			/* cannot take size of bit-field */
3033 			error(145);
3034 		}
3035 		if (tp->t_tspec == VOID) {
3036 			/* cannot take size of void */
3037 			error(146);
3038 			elsz = 1;
3039 		} else {
3040 			elsz = size(tp->t_tspec);
3041 			if (elsz <= 0)
3042 				lerror("bldszof() 1");
3043 		}
3044 		break;
3045 	}
3046 
3047 #if SIZEOF_IS_ULONG
3048 	st = ULONG;
3049 #else
3050 	st = UINT;
3051 #endif
3052 
3053 	return (getinode(st, (quad_t)(elem * elsz / CHAR_BIT)));
3054 }
3055 
3056 /*
3057  * Type casts.
3058  */
3059 tnode_t *
3060 cast(tn, tp)
3061 	tnode_t	*tn;
3062 	type_t	*tp;
3063 {
3064 	tspec_t	nt, ot;
3065 
3066 	if (tn == NULL)
3067 		return (NULL);
3068 
3069 	tn = cconv(tn);
3070 
3071 	nt = tp->t_tspec;
3072 	ot = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3073 
3074 	if (nt == VOID) {
3075 		/*
3076 		 * XXX ANSI C requires scalar types or void (Plauger&Brodie).
3077 		 * But this seams really questionable.
3078 		 */
3079 	} else if (nt == STRUCT || nt == UNION || nt == ARRAY || nt == FUNC) {
3080 		/* invalid cast expression */
3081 		error(147);
3082 		return (NULL);
3083 	} else if (ot == STRUCT || ot == UNION) {
3084 		/* invalid cast expression */
3085 		error(147);
3086 		return (NULL);
3087 	} else if (ot == VOID) {
3088 		/* improper cast of void expression */
3089 		error(148);
3090 		return (NULL);
3091 	} else if (isityp(nt) && issclt(ot)) {
3092 		/* ok */
3093 	} else if (isftyp(nt) && isatyp(ot)) {
3094 		/* ok */
3095 	} else if (nt == PTR && isityp(ot)) {
3096 		/* ok */
3097 	} else if (nt == PTR && ot == PTR) {
3098 		if (!tp->t_subt->t_const && tn->tn_type->t_subt->t_const) {
3099 			if (hflag)
3100 				/* cast discards 'const' from ... */
3101 				warning(275);
3102 		}
3103 	} else {
3104 		/* invalid cast expression */
3105 		error(147);
3106 		return (NULL);
3107 	}
3108 
3109 	tn = convert(CVT, 0, tp, tn);
3110 	tn->tn_cast = 1;
3111 
3112 	return (tn);
3113 }
3114 
3115 /*
3116  * Create the node for a function argument.
3117  * All necessary conversions and type checks are done in funccall(), because
3118  * in funcarg() we have no information about expected argument types.
3119  */
3120 tnode_t *
3121 funcarg(args, arg)
3122 	tnode_t	*args, *arg;
3123 {
3124 	tnode_t	*ntn;
3125 
3126 	/*
3127 	 * If there was a serious error in the expression for the argument,
3128 	 * create a dummy argument so the positions of the remaining arguments
3129 	 * will not change.
3130 	 */
3131 	if (arg == NULL)
3132 		arg = getinode(INT, (quad_t)0);
3133 
3134 	ntn = mktnode(PUSH, arg->tn_type, arg, args);
3135 
3136 	return (ntn);
3137 }
3138 
3139 /*
3140  * Create the node for a function call. Also check types of
3141  * function arguments and insert conversions, if necessary.
3142  */
3143 tnode_t *
3144 funccall(func, args)
3145 	tnode_t	*func, *args;
3146 {
3147 	tnode_t	*ntn;
3148 	op_t	fcop;
3149 
3150 	if (func == NULL)
3151 		return (NULL);
3152 
3153 	if (func->tn_op == NAME && func->tn_type->t_tspec == FUNC) {
3154 		fcop = CALL;
3155 	} else {
3156 		fcop = ICALL;
3157 	}
3158 
3159 	/*
3160 	 * after cconv() func will always be a pointer to a function
3161 	 * if it is a valid function designator.
3162 	 */
3163 	func = cconv(func);
3164 
3165 	if (func->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR ||
3166 	    func->tn_type->t_subt->t_tspec != FUNC) {
3167 		/* illegal function */
3168 		error(149);
3169 		return (NULL);
3170 	}
3171 
3172 	args = chkfarg(func->tn_type->t_subt, args);
3173 
3174 	ntn = mktnode(fcop, func->tn_type->t_subt->t_subt, func, args);
3175 
3176 	return (ntn);
3177 }
3178 
3179 /*
3180  * Check types of all function arguments and insert conversions,
3181  * if necessary.
3182  */
3183 static tnode_t *
3184 chkfarg(ftp, args)
3185 	type_t	*ftp;		/* type of called function */
3186 	tnode_t	*args;		/* arguments */
3187 {
3188 	tnode_t	*arg;
3189 	sym_t	*asym;
3190 	tspec_t	at;
3191 	int	narg, npar, n, i;
3192 
3193 	/* get # of args in the prototype */
3194 	npar = 0;
3195 	for (asym = ftp->t_args; asym != NULL; asym = asym->s_nxt)
3196 		npar++;
3197 
3198 	/* get # of args in function call */
3199 	narg = 0;
3200 	for (arg = args; arg != NULL; arg = arg->tn_right)
3201 		narg++;
3202 
3203 	asym = ftp->t_args;
3204 	if (ftp->t_proto && npar != narg && !(ftp->t_vararg && npar < narg)) {
3205 		/* argument mismatch: %d arg%s passed, %d expected */
3206 		error(150, narg, narg > 1 ? "s" : "", npar);
3207 		asym = NULL;
3208 	}
3209 
3210 	for (n = 1; n <= narg; n++) {
3211 
3212 		/*
3213 		 * The rightmost argument is at the top of the argument
3214 		 * subtree.
3215 		 */
3216 		for (i = narg, arg = args; i > n; i--, arg = arg->tn_right) ;
3217 
3218 		/* some things which are always not allowd */
3219 		if ((at = arg->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec) == VOID) {
3220 			/* void expressions may not be arguments, arg #%d */
3221 			error(151, n);
3222 			return (NULL);
3223 		} else if ((at == STRUCT || at == UNION) &&
3224 			   incompl(arg->tn_left->tn_type)) {
3225 			/* argument cannot have unknown size, arg #%d */
3226 			error(152, n);
3227 			return (NULL);
3228 		} else if (isityp(at) && arg->tn_left->tn_type->t_isenum &&
3229 			   incompl(arg->tn_left->tn_type)) {
3230 			/* argument cannot have unknown size, arg #%d */
3231 			warning(152, n);
3232 		}
3233 
3234 		/* class conversions (arg in value context) */
3235 		arg->tn_left = cconv(arg->tn_left);
3236 
3237 		if (asym != NULL) {
3238 			arg->tn_left = parg(n, asym->s_type, arg->tn_left);
3239 		} else {
3240 			arg->tn_left = promote(NOOP, 1, arg->tn_left);
3241 		}
3242 		arg->tn_type = arg->tn_left->tn_type;
3243 
3244 		if (asym != NULL)
3245 			asym = asym->s_nxt;
3246 	}
3247 
3248 	return (args);
3249 }
3250 
3251 /*
3252  * Compare the type of an argument with the corresponding type of a
3253  * prototype parameter. If it is a valid combination, but both types
3254  * are not the same, insert a conversion to convert the argument into
3255  * the type of the parameter.
3256  */
3257 static tnode_t *
3258 parg(n, tp, tn)
3259 	int	n;		/* pos of arg */
3260 	type_t	*tp;		/* expected type (from prototype) */
3261 	tnode_t	*tn;		/* argument */
3262 {
3263 	tnode_t	*ln;
3264 	int	warn;
3265 
3266 	ln = xcalloc(1, sizeof (tnode_t));
3267 	ln->tn_type = tduptyp(tp);
3268 	ln->tn_type->t_const = 0;
3269 	ln->tn_lvalue = 1;
3270 	if (typeok(FARG, n, ln, tn)) {
3271 		if (!eqtype(tp, tn->tn_type, 1, 0, (warn = 0, &warn)) || warn)
3272 			tn = convert(FARG, n, tp, tn);
3273 	}
3274 	free(ln);
3275 	return (tn);
3276 }
3277 
3278 /*
3279  * Return the value of an integral constant expression.
3280  * If the expression is not constant or its type is not an integer
3281  * type, an error message is printed.
3282  */
3283 val_t *
3284 constant(tn)
3285 	tnode_t	*tn;
3286 {
3287 	val_t	*v;
3288 
3289 	if (tn != NULL)
3290 		tn = cconv(tn);
3291 	if (tn != NULL)
3292 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
3293 
3294 	v = xcalloc(1, sizeof (val_t));
3295 
3296 	if (tn == NULL) {
3297 		if (nerr == 0)
3298 			lerror("constant() 1");
3299 		v->v_tspec = INT;
3300 		v->v_quad = 1;
3301 		return (v);
3302 	}
3303 
3304 	v->v_tspec = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3305 
3306 	if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3307 		if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != tn->tn_val->v_tspec)
3308 			lerror("constant() 2");
3309 		if (isityp(tn->tn_val->v_tspec)) {
3310 			v->v_ansiu = tn->tn_val->v_ansiu;
3311 			v->v_quad = tn->tn_val->v_quad;
3312 			return (v);
3313 		}
3314 		v->v_quad = tn->tn_val->v_ldbl;
3315 	} else {
3316 		v->v_quad = 1;
3317 	}
3318 
3319 	/* integral constant expression expected */
3320 	error(55);
3321 
3322 	if (!isityp(v->v_tspec))
3323 		v->v_tspec = INT;
3324 
3325 	return (v);
3326 }
3327 
3328 /*
3329  * Perform some tests on expressions which can't be done in build() and
3330  * functions called by build(). These tests must be done here because
3331  * we need some information about the context in which the operations
3332  * are performed.
3333  * After all tests are performed, expr() frees the memory which is used
3334  * for the expression.
3335  */
3336 void
3337 expr(tn, vctx, tctx)
3338 	tnode_t	*tn;
3339 	int	vctx, tctx;
3340 {
3341 	if (tn == NULL && nerr == 0)
3342 		lerror("expr() 1");
3343 
3344 	if (tn == NULL) {
3345 		tfreeblk();
3346 		return;
3347 	}
3348 
3349 	/* expr() is also called in global initialisations */
3350 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN)
3351 		chkreach();
3352 
3353 	chkmisc(tn, vctx, tctx, !tctx, 0, 0, 0);
3354 	if (tn->tn_op == ASSIGN) {
3355 		if (hflag && tctx)
3356 			/* assignment in conditional context */
3357 			warning(159);
3358 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3359 		if (hflag && tctx && !ccflg)
3360 			/* constant in conditional context */
3361 			warning(161);
3362 	}
3363 	if (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3364 		/*
3365 		 * for left operands of COMMA this warning is already
3366 		 * printed
3367 		 */
3368 		if (tn->tn_op != COMMA && !vctx && !tctx)
3369 			nulleff(tn);
3370 	}
3371 	if (dflag)
3372 		displexpr(tn, 0);
3373 
3374 	/* free the tree memory */
3375 	tfreeblk();
3376 }
3377 
3378 static void
3379 nulleff(tn)
3380 	tnode_t	*tn;
3381 {
3382 	if (!hflag)
3383 		return;
3384 
3385 	while (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3386 		if (tn->tn_op == CVT && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID) {
3387 			tn = tn->tn_left;
3388 		} else if (tn->tn_op == LOGAND || tn->tn_op == LOGOR) {
3389 			/*
3390 			 * && and || have a side effect if the right operand
3391 			 * has a side effect.
3392 			 */
3393 			tn = tn->tn_right;
3394 		} else if (tn->tn_op == QUEST) {
3395 			/*
3396 			 * ? has a side effect if at least one of its right
3397 			 * operands has a side effect
3398 			 */
3399 			tn = tn->tn_right;
3400 		} else if (tn->tn_op == COLON) {
3401 			/*
3402 			 * : has a side effect if at least one of its operands
3403 			 * has a side effect
3404 			 */
3405 			if (modtab[tn->tn_left->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3406 				tn = tn->tn_left;
3407 			} else if (modtab[tn->tn_right->tn_op].m_sideeff) {
3408 				tn = tn->tn_right;
3409 			} else {
3410 				break;
3411 			}
3412 		} else {
3413 			break;
3414 		}
3415 	}
3416 	if (!modtab[tn->tn_op].m_sideeff)
3417 		/* expression has null effect */
3418 		warning(129);
3419 }
3420 
3421 /*
3422  * Dump an expression to stdout
3423  * only used for debugging
3424  */
3425 static void
3426 displexpr(tn, offs)
3427 	tnode_t	*tn;
3428 	int	offs;
3429 {
3430 	u_quad_t uq;
3431 
3432 	if (tn == NULL) {
3433 		(void)printf("%*s%s\n", offs, "", "NULL");
3434 		return;
3435 	}
3436 	(void)printf("%*sop %s  ", offs, "", modtab[tn->tn_op].m_name);
3437 
3438 	if (tn->tn_op == NAME) {
3439 		(void)printf("%s: %s ",
3440 			     tn->tn_sym->s_name, scltoa(tn->tn_sym->s_scl));
3441 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON && isftyp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3442 		(void)printf("%#g ", (double)tn->tn_val->v_ldbl);
3443 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON && isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3444 		uq = tn->tn_val->v_quad;
3445 		(void)printf("0x %08lx %08lx ", (long)(uq >> 32) & 0xffffffffl,
3446 			     (long)uq & 0xffffffffl);
3447 	} else if (tn->tn_op == CON) {
3448 		if (tn->tn_type->t_tspec != PTR)
3449 			lerror("displexpr() 1");
3450 		(void)printf("0x%0*lx ", (int)(sizeof (void *) * CHAR_BIT / 4),
3451 			     (u_long)tn->tn_val->v_quad);
3452 	} else if (tn->tn_op == STRING) {
3453 		if (tn->tn_strg->st_tspec == CHAR) {
3454 			(void)printf("\"%s\"", tn->tn_strg->st_cp);
3455 		} else {
3456 			char	*s;
3457 			size_t	n;
3458 			n = MB_CUR_MAX * (tn->tn_strg->st_len + 1);
3459 			s = xmalloc(n);
3460 			(void)wcstombs(s, tn->tn_strg->st_wcp, n);
3461 			(void)printf("L\"%s\"", s);
3462 			free(s);
3463 		}
3464 		(void)printf(" ");
3465 	} else if (tn->tn_op == FSEL) {
3466 		(void)printf("o=%d, l=%d ", tn->tn_type->t_foffs,
3467 			     tn->tn_type->t_flen);
3468 	}
3469 	(void)printf("%s\n", ttos(tn->tn_type));
3470 	if (tn->tn_op == NAME || tn->tn_op == CON || tn->tn_op == STRING)
3471 		return;
3472 	displexpr(tn->tn_left, offs + 2);
3473 	if (modtab[tn->tn_op].m_binary ||
3474 	    (tn->tn_op == PUSH && tn->tn_right != NULL)) {
3475 		displexpr(tn->tn_right, offs + 2);
3476 	}
3477 }
3478 
3479 /*
3480  * Called by expr() to recursively perform some tests.
3481  */
3482 /* ARGSUSED */
3483 void
3484 chkmisc(tn, vctx, tctx, eqwarn, fcall, rvdisc, szof)
3485 	tnode_t	*tn;
3486 	int	vctx, tctx, eqwarn, fcall, rvdisc, szof;
3487 {
3488 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3489 	mod_t	*mp;
3490 	int	nrvdisc, cvctx, ctctx;
3491 	op_t	op;
3492 	scl_t	sc;
3493 	dinfo_t	*di;
3494 
3495 	if (tn == NULL)
3496 		return;
3497 
3498 	ln = tn->tn_left;
3499 	rn = tn->tn_right;
3500 	mp = &modtab[op = tn->tn_op];
3501 
3502 	switch (op) {
3503 	case AMPER:
3504 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && (reached || rchflg)) {
3505 			if (!szof)
3506 				setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3507 			setuflg(ln->tn_sym, fcall, szof);
3508 		}
3509 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3510 			/* check the range of array indices */
3511 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 1);
3512 		break;
3513 	case LOAD:
3514 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3515 			/* check the range of array indices */
3516 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 0);
3517 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3518 	case PUSH:
3519 	case INCBEF:
3520 	case DECBEF:
3521 	case INCAFT:
3522 	case DECAFT:
3523 	case ADDASS:
3524 	case SUBASS:
3525 	case MULASS:
3526 	case DIVASS:
3527 	case MODASS:
3528 	case ANDASS:
3529 	case ORASS:
3530 	case XORASS:
3531 	case SHLASS:
3532 	case SHRASS:
3533 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && (reached || rchflg)) {
3534 			sc = ln->tn_sym->s_scl;
3535 			/*
3536 			 * Look if there was a asm statement in one of the
3537 			 * compound statements we are in. If not, we don't
3538 			 * print a warning.
3539 			 */
3540 			for (di = dcs; di != NULL; di = di->d_nxt) {
3541 				if (di->d_asm)
3542 					break;
3543 			}
3544 			if (sc != EXTERN && sc != STATIC &&
3545 			    !ln->tn_sym->s_set && !szof && di == NULL) {
3546 				/* %s may be used before set */
3547 				warning(158, ln->tn_sym->s_name);
3548 				setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3549 			}
3550 			setuflg(ln->tn_sym, 0, 0);
3551 		}
3552 		break;
3553 	case ASSIGN:
3554 		if (ln->tn_op == NAME && !szof && (reached || rchflg)) {
3555 			setsflg(ln->tn_sym);
3556 			if (ln->tn_sym->s_scl == EXTERN)
3557 				outusg(ln->tn_sym);
3558 		}
3559 		if (ln->tn_op == STAR && ln->tn_left->tn_op == PLUS)
3560 			/* check the range of array indices */
3561 			chkaidx(ln->tn_left, 0);
3562 		break;
3563 	case CALL:
3564 		if (ln->tn_op != AMPER || ln->tn_left->tn_op != NAME)
3565 			lerror("chkmisc() 1");
3566 		if (!szof)
3567 			outcall(tn, vctx || tctx, rvdisc);
3568 		break;
3569 	case EQ:
3570 		/* equality operator "==" found where "=" was exp. */
3571 		if (hflag && eqwarn)
3572 			warning(160);
3573 		break;
3574 	case CON:
3575 	case NAME:
3576 	case STRING:
3577 		return;
3578 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
3579 	}
3580 
3581 	cvctx = mp->m_vctx;
3582 	ctctx = mp->m_tctx;
3583 	/*
3584 	 * values of operands of ':' are not used if the type of at least
3585 	 * one of the operands (for gcc compatibility) is void
3586 	 * XXX test/value context of QUEST should probably be used as
3587 	 * context for both operands of COLON
3588 	 */
3589 	if (op == COLON && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID)
3590 		cvctx = ctctx = 0;
3591 	nrvdisc = op == CVT && tn->tn_type->t_tspec == VOID;
3592 	chkmisc(ln, cvctx, ctctx, mp->m_eqwarn, op == CALL, nrvdisc, szof);
3593 
3594 	switch (op) {
3595 	case PUSH:
3596 		if (rn != NULL)
3597 			chkmisc(rn, 0, 0, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3598 		break;
3599 	case LOGAND:
3600 	case LOGOR:
3601 		chkmisc(rn, 0, 1, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3602 		break;
3603 	case COLON:
3604 		chkmisc(rn, cvctx, ctctx, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3605 		break;
3606 	default:
3607 		if (mp->m_binary)
3608 			chkmisc(rn, 1, 0, mp->m_eqwarn, 0, 0, szof);
3609 		break;
3610 	}
3611 
3612 }
3613 
3614 /*
3615  * Checks the range of array indices, if possible.
3616  * amper is set if only the address of the element is used. This
3617  * means that the index is allowd to refere to the first element
3618  * after the array.
3619  */
3620 static void
3621 chkaidx(tn, amper)
3622 	tnode_t	*tn;
3623 	int	amper;
3624 {
3625 	int	dim;
3626 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3627 	int	elsz;
3628 	quad_t	con;
3629 
3630 	ln = tn->tn_left;
3631 	rn = tn->tn_right;
3632 
3633 	/* We can only check constant indices. */
3634 	if (rn->tn_op != CON)
3635 		return;
3636 
3637 	/* Return if the left node does not stem from an array. */
3638 	if (ln->tn_op != AMPER)
3639 		return;
3640 	if (ln->tn_left->tn_op != STRING && ln->tn_left->tn_op != NAME)
3641 		return;
3642 	if (ln->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec != ARRAY)
3643 		return;
3644 
3645 	/*
3646 	 * For incomplete array types, we can print a warning only if
3647 	 * the index is negative.
3648 	 */
3649 	if (incompl(ln->tn_left->tn_type) && rn->tn_val->v_quad >= 0)
3650 		return;
3651 
3652 	/* Get the size of one array element */
3653 	if ((elsz = length(ln->tn_type->t_subt, NULL)) == 0)
3654 		return;
3655 	elsz /= CHAR_BIT;
3656 
3657 	/* Change the unit of the index from bytes to element size. */
3658 	if (isutyp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
3659 		con = (u_quad_t)rn->tn_val->v_quad / elsz;
3660 	} else {
3661 		con = rn->tn_val->v_quad / elsz;
3662 	}
3663 
3664 	dim = ln->tn_left->tn_type->t_dim + (amper ? 1 : 0);
3665 
3666 	if (!isutyp(rn->tn_type->t_tspec) && con < 0) {
3667 		/* array subscript cannot be negative: %ld */
3668 		warning(167, (long)con);
3669 	} else if (dim > 0 && (u_quad_t)con >= dim) {
3670 		/* array subscript cannot be > %d: %ld */
3671 		warning(168, dim - 1, (long)con);
3672 	}
3673 }
3674 
3675 /*
3676  * Check for ordered comparisions of unsigned values with 0.
3677  */
3678 static void
3679 chkcomp(op, ln, rn)
3680 	op_t	op;
3681 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3682 {
3683 	tspec_t	lt, rt;
3684 	mod_t	*mp;
3685 
3686 	lt = ln->tn_type->t_tspec;
3687 	rt = rn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3688 	mp = &modtab[op];
3689 
3690 	if (ln->tn_op != CON && rn->tn_op != CON)
3691 		return;
3692 
3693 	if (!isityp(lt) || !isityp(rt))
3694 		return;
3695 
3696 	if ((hflag || pflag) && lt == CHAR && rn->tn_op == CON &&
3697 	    (rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0 ||
3698 	     rn->tn_val->v_quad > ~(~0 << (CHAR_BIT - 1)))) {
3699 		/* nonportable character comparision, op %s */
3700 		warning(230, mp->m_name);
3701 		return;
3702 	}
3703 	if ((hflag || pflag) && rt == CHAR && ln->tn_op == CON &&
3704 	    (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0 ||
3705 	     ln->tn_val->v_quad > ~(~0 << (CHAR_BIT - 1)))) {
3706 		/* nonportable character comparision, op %s */
3707 		warning(230, mp->m_name);
3708 		return;
3709 	}
3710 	if (isutyp(lt) && !isutyp(rt) &&
3711 	    rn->tn_op == CON && rn->tn_val->v_quad <= 0) {
3712 		if (rn->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
3713 			/* comparision of %s with %s, op %s */
3714 			warning(162, tyname(ln->tn_type), "negative constant",
3715 				mp->m_name);
3716 		} else if (op == LT || op == GE || (hflag && op == LE)) {
3717 			/* comparision of %s with %s, op %s */
3718 			warning(162, tyname(ln->tn_type), "0", mp->m_name);
3719 		}
3720 		return;
3721 	}
3722 	if (isutyp(rt) && !isutyp(lt) &&
3723 	    ln->tn_op == CON && ln->tn_val->v_quad <= 0) {
3724 		if (ln->tn_val->v_quad < 0) {
3725 			/* comparision of %s with %s, op %s */
3726 			warning(162, "negative constant", tyname(rn->tn_type),
3727 				mp->m_name);
3728 		} else if (op == GT || op == LE || (hflag && op == GE)) {
3729 			/* comparision of %s with %s, op %s */
3730 			warning(162, "0", tyname(rn->tn_type), mp->m_name);
3731 		}
3732 		return;
3733 	}
3734 }
3735 
3736 /*
3737  * Takes an expression an returns 0 if this expression can be used
3738  * for static initialisation, otherwise -1.
3739  *
3740  * Constant initialisation expressions must be costant or an address
3741  * of a static object with an optional offset. In the first case,
3742  * the result is returned in *offsp. In the second case, the static
3743  * object is returned in *symp and the offset in *offsp.
3744  *
3745  * The expression can consist of PLUS, MINUS, AMPER, NAME, STRING and
3746  * CON. Type conversions are allowed if they do not change binary
3747  * representation (including width).
3748  */
3749 int
3750 conaddr(tn, symp, offsp)
3751 	tnode_t	*tn;
3752 	sym_t	**symp;
3753 	ptrdiff_t *offsp;
3754 {
3755 	sym_t	*sym;
3756 	ptrdiff_t offs1, offs2;
3757 	tspec_t	t, ot;
3758 
3759 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
3760 	case MINUS:
3761 		if (tn->tn_right->tn_op != CON)
3762 			return (-1);
3763 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3764 	case PLUS:
3765 		offs1 = offs2 = 0;
3766 		if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == CON) {
3767 			offs1 = (ptrdiff_t)tn->tn_left->tn_val->v_quad;
3768 			if (conaddr(tn->tn_right, &sym, &offs2) == -1)
3769 				return (-1);
3770 		} else if (tn->tn_right->tn_op == CON) {
3771 			offs2 = (ptrdiff_t)tn->tn_right->tn_val->v_quad;
3772 			if (tn->tn_op == MINUS)
3773 				offs2 = -offs2;
3774 			if (conaddr(tn->tn_left, &sym, &offs1) == -1)
3775 				return (-1);
3776 		} else {
3777 			return (-1);
3778 		}
3779 		*symp = sym;
3780 		*offsp = offs1 + offs2;
3781 		break;
3782 	case AMPER:
3783 		if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == NAME) {
3784 			*symp = tn->tn_left->tn_sym;
3785 			*offsp = 0;
3786 		} else if (tn->tn_left->tn_op == STRING) {
3787 			/*
3788 			 * If this would be the front end of a compiler we
3789 			 * would return a label instead of 0.
3790 			 */
3791 			*offsp = 0;
3792 		}
3793 		break;
3794 	case CVT:
3795 		t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
3796 		ot = tn->tn_left->tn_type->t_tspec;
3797 		if ((!isityp(t) && t != PTR) || (!isityp(ot) && ot != PTR)) {
3798 			return (-1);
3799 		} else if (psize(t) != psize(ot)) {
3800 			return (-1);
3801 		}
3802 		if (conaddr(tn->tn_left, symp, offsp) == -1)
3803 			return (-1);
3804 		break;
3805 	default:
3806 		return (-1);
3807 	}
3808 	return (0);
3809 }
3810 
3811 /*
3812  * Concatenate two string constants.
3813  */
3814 strg_t *
3815 catstrg(strg1, strg2)
3816 	strg_t	*strg1, *strg2;
3817 {
3818 	size_t	len1, len2, len;
3819 
3820 	if (strg1->st_tspec != strg2->st_tspec) {
3821 		/* cannot concatenate wide and regular string literals */
3822 		error(292);
3823 		return (strg1);
3824 	}
3825 
3826 	len = (len1 = strg1->st_len) + (len2 = strg2->st_len);
3827 
3828 	if (strg1->st_tspec == CHAR) {
3829 		strg1->st_cp = xrealloc(strg1->st_cp, len + 1);
3830 		(void)memcpy(strg1->st_cp + len1, strg2->st_cp, len2 + 1);
3831 		free(strg2->st_cp);
3832 	} else {
3833 		strg1->st_wcp = xrealloc(strg1->st_wcp,
3834 					 (len + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
3835 		(void)memcpy(strg1->st_wcp + len1, strg2->st_wcp,
3836 			     (len2 + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
3837 		free(strg2->st_wcp);
3838 	}
3839 	free(strg2);
3840 
3841 	return (strg1);
3842 }
3843 
3844 /*
3845  * Print a warning if the given node has operands which should be
3846  * parenthesized.
3847  *
3848  * XXX Does not work if an operand is a constant expression. Constant
3849  * expressions are already folded.
3850  */
3851 static void
3852 precconf(tn)
3853 	tnode_t	*tn;
3854 {
3855 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
3856 	op_t	lop, rop;
3857 	int	lparn, rparn;
3858 	mod_t	*mp;
3859 	int	warn;
3860 
3861 	if (!hflag)
3862 		return;
3863 
3864 	mp = &modtab[tn->tn_op];
3865 
3866 	lparn = 0;
3867 	for (ln = tn->tn_left; ln->tn_op == CVT; ln = ln->tn_left)
3868 		lparn |= ln->tn_parn;
3869 	lparn |= ln->tn_parn;
3870 	lop = ln->tn_op;
3871 
3872 	if (mp->m_binary) {
3873 		rparn = 0;
3874 		for (rn = tn->tn_right; tn->tn_op == CVT; rn = rn->tn_left)
3875 			rparn |= rn->tn_parn;
3876 		rparn |= rn->tn_parn;
3877 		rop = rn->tn_op;
3878 	}
3879 
3880 	warn = 0;
3881 
3882 	switch (tn->tn_op) {
3883 	case SHL:
3884 	case SHR:
3885 		if (!lparn && (lop == PLUS || lop == MINUS)) {
3886 			warn = 1;
3887 		} else if (!rparn && (rop == PLUS || rop == MINUS)) {
3888 			warn = 1;
3889 		}
3890 		break;
3891 	case LOGOR:
3892 		if (!lparn && lop == LOGAND) {
3893 			warn = 1;
3894 		} else if (!rparn && rop == LOGAND) {
3895 			warn = 1;
3896 		}
3897 		break;
3898 	case AND:
3899 	case XOR:
3900 	case OR:
3901 		if (!lparn && lop != tn->tn_op) {
3902 			if (lop == PLUS || lop == MINUS) {
3903 				warn = 1;
3904 			} else if (lop == AND || lop == XOR) {
3905 				warn = 1;
3906 			}
3907 		}
3908 		if (!warn && !rparn && rop != tn->tn_op) {
3909 			if (rop == PLUS || rop == MINUS) {
3910 				warn = 1;
3911 			} else if (rop == AND || rop == XOR) {
3912 				warn = 1;
3913 			}
3914 		}
3915 		break;
3916 		/* LINTED (enumeration values not handled in switch) */
3917 	}
3918 
3919 	if (warn) {
3920 		/* precedence confusion possible: parenthesize! */
3921 		warning(169);
3922 	}
3923 
3924 }
3925