xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/xlint/lint1/func.c (revision 23c8222edbfb0f0932d88a8351d3a0cf817dfb9e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: func.c,v 1.21 2004/06/20 22:20:17 jmc Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl
5  * All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for
18  *	The NetBSD Project.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
35 #include "nbtool_config.h"
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 #if defined(__RCSID) && !defined(lint)
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: func.c,v 1.21 2004/06/20 22:20:17 jmc Exp $");
41 #endif
42 
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 
46 #include "lint1.h"
47 #include "cgram.h"
48 
49 /*
50  * Contains a pointer to the symbol table entry of the current function
51  * definition.
52  */
53 sym_t	*funcsym;
54 
55 /* Is set as long as a statement can be reached. Must be set at level 0. */
56 int	reached = 1;
57 
58 /*
59  * Is set as long as NOTREACHED is in effect.
60  * Is reset everywhere where reached can become 0.
61  */
62 int	rchflg;
63 
64 /*
65  * In conjunction with reached ontrols printing of "fallthrough on ..."
66  * warnings.
67  * Reset by each statement and set by FALLTHROUGH, switch (switch1())
68  * and case (label()).
69  *
70  * Control statements if, for, while and switch do not reset ftflg because
71  * this must be done by the controled statement. At least for if this is
72  * important because ** FALLTHROUGH ** after "if (expr) stmnt" is evaluated
73  * befor the following token, wich causes reduction of above, is read.
74  * This means that ** FALLTHROUGH ** after "if ..." would always be ignored.
75  */
76 int	ftflg;
77 
78 /* Top element of stack for control statements */
79 cstk_t	*cstk;
80 
81 /*
82  * Number of arguments which will be checked for usage in following
83  * function definition. -1 stands for all arguments.
84  *
85  * The position of the last ARGSUSED comment is stored in aupos.
86  */
87 int	nargusg = -1;
88 pos_t	aupos;
89 
90 /*
91  * Number of arguments of the following function definition whose types
92  * shall be checked by lint2. -1 stands for all arguments.
93  *
94  * The position of the last VARARGS comment is stored in vapos.
95  */
96 int	nvararg = -1;
97 pos_t	vapos;
98 
99 /*
100  * Both prflstr and scflstrg contain the number of the argument which
101  * shall be used to check the types of remaining arguments (for PRINTFLIKE
102  * and SCANFLIKE).
103  *
104  * prflpos and scflpos are the positions of the last PRINTFLIKE or
105  * SCANFLIKE comment.
106  */
107 int	prflstrg = -1;
108 int	scflstrg = -1;
109 pos_t	prflpos;
110 pos_t	scflpos;
111 
112 /*
113  * Are both plibflg and llibflg set, prototypes are writen as function
114  * definitions to the output file.
115  */
116 int	plibflg;
117 
118 /*
119  * Nonzero means that no warnings about constands in conditional
120  * context are printed.
121  */
122 int	ccflg;
123 
124 /*
125  * llibflg is set if a lint library shall be created. The effect of
126  * llibflg is that all defined symbols are treated as used.
127  * (The LINTLIBRARY comment also resets vflag.)
128  */
129 int	llibflg;
130 
131 /*
132  * Nonzero if warnings are suppressed by a LINTED directive
133  */
134 int	nowarn;
135 
136 /*
137  * Nonzero if bitfield type errors are suppressed by a BITFIELDTYPE
138  * directive.
139  */
140 int	bitfieldtype_ok;
141 
142 /*
143  * Nonzero if complaints about use of "long long" are suppressed in
144  * the next statement or declaration.
145  */
146 int	quadflg;
147 
148 /*
149  * Puts a new element at the top of the stack used for control statements.
150  */
151 void
152 pushctrl(int env)
153 {
154 	cstk_t	*ci;
155 
156 	ci = xcalloc(1, sizeof (cstk_t));
157 	ci->c_env = env;
158 	ci->c_nxt = cstk;
159 	cstk = ci;
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Removes the top element of the stack used for control statements.
164  */
165 void
166 popctrl(int env)
167 {
168 	cstk_t	*ci;
169 	clst_t	*cl;
170 
171 	if (cstk == NULL || cstk->c_env != env)
172 		LERROR("popctrl()");
173 
174 	cstk = (ci = cstk)->c_nxt;
175 
176 	while ((cl = ci->c_clst) != NULL) {
177 		ci->c_clst = cl->cl_nxt;
178 		free(cl);
179 	}
180 
181 	if (ci->c_swtype != NULL)
182 		free(ci->c_swtype);
183 
184 	free(ci);
185 }
186 
187 /*
188  * Prints a warning if a statement cannot be reached.
189  */
190 void
191 chkreach(void)
192 {
193 	if (!reached && !rchflg) {
194 		/* statement not reached */
195 		warning(193);
196 		reached = 1;
197 	}
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * Called after a function declaration which introduces a function definition
202  * and before an (optional) old style argument declaration list.
203  *
204  * Puts all symbols declared in the Prototype or in an old style argument
205  * list back to the symbol table.
206  *
207  * Does the usual checking of storage class, type (return value),
208  * redeclaration etc..
209  */
210 void
211 funcdef(sym_t *fsym)
212 {
213 	int	n, warn;
214 	sym_t	*arg, *sym, *rdsym;
215 
216 	funcsym = fsym;
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * Put all symbols declared in the argument list back to the
220 	 * symbol table.
221 	 */
222 	for (sym = dcs->d_fpsyms; sym != NULL; sym = sym->s_dlnxt) {
223 		if (sym->s_blklev != -1) {
224 			if (sym->s_blklev != 1)
225 				LERROR("funcdef()");
226 			inssym(1, sym);
227 		}
228 	}
229 
230 	/*
231 	 * In osfunc() we did not know whether it is an old style function
232 	 * definition or only an old style declaration, if there are no
233 	 * arguments inside the argument list ("f()").
234 	 */
235 	if (!fsym->s_type->t_proto && fsym->s_args == NULL)
236 		fsym->s_osdef = 1;
237 
238 	chktyp(fsym);
239 
240 	/*
241 	 * chktyp() checks for almost all possible errors, but not for
242 	 * incomplete return values (these are allowed in declarations)
243 	 */
244 	if (fsym->s_type->t_subt->t_tspec != VOID &&
245 	    incompl(fsym->s_type->t_subt)) {
246 		/* cannot return incomplete type */
247 		error(67);
248 	}
249 
250 	fsym->s_def = DEF;
251 
252 	if (fsym->s_scl == TYPEDEF) {
253 		fsym->s_scl = EXTERN;
254 		/* illegal storage class */
255 		error(8);
256 	}
257 
258 	if (dcs->d_inline)
259 		fsym->s_inline = 1;
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * Arguments in new style function declarations need a name.
263 	 * (void is already removed from the list of arguments)
264 	 */
265 	n = 1;
266 	for (arg = fsym->s_type->t_args; arg != NULL; arg = arg->s_nxt) {
267 		if (arg->s_scl == ABSTRACT) {
268 			if (arg->s_name != unnamed)
269 				LERROR("funcdef()");
270 			/* formal parameter lacks name: param #%d */
271 			error(59, n);
272 		} else {
273 			if (arg->s_name == unnamed)
274 				LERROR("funcdef()");
275 		}
276 		n++;
277 	}
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * We must also remember the position. s_dpos is overwritten
281 	 * if this is an old style definition and we had already a
282 	 * prototype.
283 	 */
284 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(dcs->d_fdpos, fsym->s_dpos);
285 
286 	if ((rdsym = dcs->d_rdcsym) != NULL) {
287 
288 		if (!isredec(fsym, (warn = 0, &warn))) {
289 
290 			/*
291 			 * Print nothing if the newly defined function
292 			 * is defined in old style. A better warning will
293 			 * be printed in cluparg().
294 			 */
295 			if (warn && !fsym->s_osdef) {
296 				/* redeclaration of %s */
297 				(*(sflag ? error : warning))(27, fsym->s_name);
298 				prevdecl(-1, rdsym);
299 			}
300 
301 			/* copy usage information */
302 			cpuinfo(fsym, rdsym);
303 
304 			/*
305 			 * If the old symbol was a prototype and the new
306 			 * one is none, overtake the position of the
307 			 * declaration of the prototype.
308 			 */
309 			if (fsym->s_osdef && rdsym->s_type->t_proto)
310 				STRUCT_ASSIGN(fsym->s_dpos, rdsym->s_dpos);
311 
312 			/* complete the type */
313 			compltyp(fsym, rdsym);
314 
315 			/* once a function is inline it remains inline */
316 			if (rdsym->s_inline)
317 				fsym->s_inline = 1;
318 
319 		}
320 
321 		/* remove the old symbol from the symbol table */
322 		rmsym(rdsym);
323 
324 	}
325 
326 	if (fsym->s_osdef && !fsym->s_type->t_proto) {
327 		if (sflag && hflag && strcmp(fsym->s_name, "main") != 0)
328 			/* function definition is not a prototyp */
329 			warning(286);
330 	}
331 
332 	if (dcs->d_notyp)
333 		/* return value is implicitly declared to be int */
334 		fsym->s_rimpl = 1;
335 
336 	reached = 1;
337 }
338 
339 /*
340  * Called at the end of a function definition.
341  */
342 void
343 funcend(void)
344 {
345 	sym_t	*arg;
346 	int	n;
347 
348 	if (reached) {
349 		cstk->c_noretval = 1;
350 		if (funcsym->s_type->t_subt->t_tspec != VOID &&
351 		    !funcsym->s_rimpl) {
352 			/* func. %s falls off bottom without returning value */
353 			warning(217, funcsym->s_name);
354 		}
355 	}
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * This warning is printed only if the return value was implizitly
359 	 * declared to be int. Otherwise the wrong return statement
360 	 * has already printed a warning.
361 	 */
362 	if (cstk->c_noretval && cstk->c_retval && funcsym->s_rimpl)
363 		/* function %s has return (e); and return; */
364 		warning(216, funcsym->s_name);
365 
366 	/* Print warnings for unused arguments */
367 	arg = dcs->d_fargs;
368 	n = 0;
369 	while (arg != NULL && (nargusg == -1 || n < nargusg)) {
370 		chkusg1(dcs->d_asm, arg);
371 		arg = arg->s_nxt;
372 		n++;
373 	}
374 	nargusg = -1;
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * write the information about the function definition to the
378 	 * output file
379 	 * inline functions explicitly declared extern are written as
380 	 * declarations only.
381 	 */
382 	if (dcs->d_scl == EXTERN && funcsym->s_inline) {
383 		outsym(funcsym, funcsym->s_scl, DECL);
384 	} else {
385 		outfdef(funcsym, &dcs->d_fdpos, cstk->c_retval,
386 			funcsym->s_osdef, dcs->d_fargs);
387 	}
388 
389 	/*
390 	 * remove all symbols declared during argument declaration from
391 	 * the symbol table
392 	 */
393 	if (dcs->d_nxt != NULL || dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN)
394 		LERROR("funcend()");
395 	rmsyms(dcs->d_fpsyms);
396 
397 	/* must be set on level 0 */
398 	reached = 1;
399 }
400 
401 /*
402  * Process a label.
403  *
404  * typ		type of the label (T_NAME, T_DEFAULT or T_CASE).
405  * sym		symbol table entry of label if typ == T_NAME
406  * tn		expression if typ == T_CASE
407  */
408 void
409 label(int typ, sym_t *sym, tnode_t *tn)
410 {
411 	cstk_t	*ci;
412 	clst_t	*cl;
413 	val_t	*v;
414 	val_t	nv;
415 	tspec_t	t;
416 
417 	switch (typ) {
418 
419 	case T_NAME:
420 		if (sym->s_set) {
421 			/* label %s redefined */
422 			error(194, sym->s_name);
423 		} else {
424 			setsflg(sym);
425 		}
426 		break;
427 
428 	case T_CASE:
429 
430 		/* find the stack entry for the innermost switch statement */
431 		for (ci = cstk; ci != NULL && !ci->c_switch; ci = ci->c_nxt)
432 			continue;
433 
434 		if (ci == NULL) {
435 			/* case not in switch */
436 			error(195);
437 			tn = NULL;
438 		} else if (tn != NULL && tn->tn_op != CON) {
439 			/* non-constant case expression */
440 			error(197);
441 			tn = NULL;
442 		} else if (tn != NULL && !isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
443 			/* non-integral case expression */
444 			error(198);
445 			tn = NULL;
446 		}
447 
448 		if (tn != NULL) {
449 
450 			if (ci->c_swtype == NULL)
451 				LERROR("label()");
452 
453 			if (reached && !ftflg) {
454 				if (hflag)
455 					/* fallthrough on case statement */
456 					warning(220);
457 			}
458 
459 			t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
460 			if (t == LONG || t == ULONG ||
461 			    t == QUAD || t == UQUAD) {
462 				if (tflag)
463 					/* case label must be of type ... */
464 					warning(203);
465 			}
466 
467 			/*
468 			 * get the value of the expression and convert it
469 			 * to the type of the switch expression
470 			 */
471 			v = constant(tn, 1);
472 			(void) memset(&nv, 0, sizeof nv);
473 			cvtcon(CASE, 0, ci->c_swtype, &nv, v);
474 			free(v);
475 
476 			/* look if we had this value already */
477 			for (cl = ci->c_clst; cl != NULL; cl = cl->cl_nxt) {
478 				if (cl->cl_val.v_quad == nv.v_quad)
479 					break;
480 			}
481 			if (cl != NULL && isutyp(nv.v_tspec)) {
482 				/* duplicate case in switch, %lu */
483 				error(200, (u_long)nv.v_quad);
484 			} else if (cl != NULL) {
485 				/* duplicate case in switch, %ld */
486 				error(199, (long)nv.v_quad);
487 			} else {
488 				/*
489 				 * append the value to the list of
490 				 * case values
491 				 */
492 				cl = xcalloc(1, sizeof (clst_t));
493 				STRUCT_ASSIGN(cl->cl_val, nv);
494 				cl->cl_nxt = ci->c_clst;
495 				ci->c_clst = cl;
496 			}
497 		}
498 		tfreeblk();
499 		break;
500 
501 	case T_DEFAULT:
502 
503 		/* find the stack entry for the innermost switch statement */
504 		for (ci = cstk; ci != NULL && !ci->c_switch; ci = ci->c_nxt)
505 			continue;
506 
507 		if (ci == NULL) {
508 			/* default outside switch */
509 			error(201);
510 		} else if (ci->c_default) {
511 			/* duplicate default in switch */
512 			error(202);
513 		} else {
514 			if (reached && !ftflg) {
515 				if (hflag)
516 					/* fallthrough on default statement */
517 					warning(284);
518 			}
519 			ci->c_default = 1;
520 		}
521 		break;
522 	};
523 	reached = 1;
524 }
525 
526 /*
527  * T_IF T_LPARN expr T_RPARN
528  */
529 void
530 if1(tnode_t *tn)
531 {
532 
533 	if (tn != NULL)
534 		tn = cconv(tn);
535 	if (tn != NULL)
536 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
537 	expr(tn, 0, 1, 1);
538 	pushctrl(T_IF);
539 }
540 
541 /*
542  * if_without_else
543  * if_without_else T_ELSE
544  */
545 void
546 if2(void)
547 {
548 
549 	cstk->c_rchif = reached ? 1 : 0;
550 	reached = 1;
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * if_without_else
555  * if_without_else T_ELSE stmnt
556  */
557 void
558 if3(int els)
559 {
560 
561 	if (els) {
562 		reached |= cstk->c_rchif;
563 	} else {
564 		reached = 1;
565 	}
566 	popctrl(T_IF);
567 }
568 
569 /*
570  * T_SWITCH T_LPARN expr T_RPARN
571  */
572 void
573 switch1(tnode_t *tn)
574 {
575 	tspec_t	t;
576 	type_t	*tp;
577 
578 	if (tn != NULL)
579 		tn = cconv(tn);
580 	if (tn != NULL)
581 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
582 	if (tn != NULL && !isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
583 		/* switch expression must have integral type */
584 		error(205);
585 		tn = NULL;
586 	}
587 	if (tn != NULL && tflag) {
588 		t = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
589 		if (t == LONG || t == ULONG || t == QUAD || t == UQUAD) {
590 			/* switch expr. must be of type `int' in trad. C */
591 			warning(271);
592 		}
593 	}
594 
595 	/*
596 	 * Remember the type of the expression. Because its possible
597 	 * that (*tp) is allocated on tree memory the type must be
598 	 * duplicated. This is not too complicated because it is
599 	 * only an integer type.
600 	 */
601 	tp = xcalloc(1, sizeof (type_t));
602 	if (tn != NULL) {
603 		tp->t_tspec = tn->tn_type->t_tspec;
604 		if ((tp->t_isenum = tn->tn_type->t_isenum) != 0)
605 			tp->t_enum = tn->tn_type->t_enum;
606 	} else {
607 		tp->t_tspec = INT;
608 	}
609 
610 	expr(tn, 1, 0, 1);
611 
612 	pushctrl(T_SWITCH);
613 	cstk->c_switch = 1;
614 	cstk->c_swtype = tp;
615 
616 	reached = rchflg = 0;
617 	ftflg = 1;
618 }
619 
620 /*
621  * switch_expr stmnt
622  */
623 void
624 switch2(void)
625 {
626 	int	nenum = 0, nclab = 0;
627 	sym_t	*esym;
628 	clst_t	*cl;
629 
630 	if (cstk->c_swtype == NULL)
631 		LERROR("switch2()");
632 
633 	/*
634 	 * If the switch expression was of type enumeration, count the case
635 	 * labels and the number of enumerators. If both counts are not
636 	 * equal print a warning.
637 	 */
638 	if (cstk->c_swtype->t_isenum) {
639 		nenum = nclab = 0;
640 		if (cstk->c_swtype->t_enum == NULL)
641 			LERROR("switch2()");
642 		for (esym = cstk->c_swtype->t_enum->elem;
643 		     esym != NULL; esym = esym->s_nxt) {
644 			nenum++;
645 		}
646 		for (cl = cstk->c_clst; cl != NULL; cl = cl->cl_nxt)
647 			nclab++;
648 		if (hflag && eflag && nenum != nclab && !cstk->c_default) {
649 			/* enumeration value(s) not handled in switch */
650 			warning(206);
651 		}
652 	}
653 
654 	if (cstk->c_break) {
655 		/*
656 		 * end of switch alway reached (c_break is only set if the
657 		 * break statement can be reached).
658 		 */
659 		reached = 1;
660 	} else if (!cstk->c_default &&
661 		   (!hflag || !cstk->c_swtype->t_isenum || nenum != nclab)) {
662 		/*
663 		 * there are possible values which are not handled in
664 		 * switch
665 		 */
666 		reached = 1;
667 	}	/*
668 		 * otherwise the end of the switch expression is reached
669 		 * if the end of the last statement inside it is reached.
670 		 */
671 
672 	popctrl(T_SWITCH);
673 }
674 
675 /*
676  * T_WHILE T_LPARN expr T_RPARN
677  */
678 void
679 while1(tnode_t *tn)
680 {
681 
682 	if (!reached) {
683 		/* loop not entered at top */
684 		warning(207);
685 		reached = 1;
686 	}
687 
688 	if (tn != NULL)
689 		tn = cconv(tn);
690 	if (tn != NULL)
691 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
692 	if (tn != NULL && !issclt(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
693 		/* controlling expressions must have scalar type */
694 		error(204);
695 		tn = NULL;
696 	}
697 
698 	pushctrl(T_WHILE);
699 	cstk->c_loop = 1;
700 	if (tn != NULL && tn->tn_op == CON) {
701 		if (isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
702 			cstk->c_infinite = tn->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
703 		} else {
704 			cstk->c_infinite = tn->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
705 		}
706 	}
707 
708 	expr(tn, 0, 1, 1);
709 }
710 
711 /*
712  * while_expr stmnt
713  * while_expr error
714  */
715 void
716 while2(void)
717 {
718 
719 	/*
720 	 * The end of the loop can be reached if it is no endless loop
721 	 * or there was a break statement which was reached.
722 	 */
723 	reached = !cstk->c_infinite || cstk->c_break;
724 	rchflg = 0;
725 
726 	popctrl(T_WHILE);
727 }
728 
729 /*
730  * T_DO
731  */
732 void
733 do1(void)
734 {
735 
736 	if (!reached) {
737 		/* loop not entered at top */
738 		warning(207);
739 		reached = 1;
740 	}
741 
742 	pushctrl(T_DO);
743 	cstk->c_loop = 1;
744 }
745 
746 /*
747  * do stmnt do_while_expr
748  * do error
749  */
750 void
751 do2(tnode_t *tn)
752 {
753 
754 	/*
755 	 * If there was a continue statement the expression controlling the
756 	 * loop is reached.
757 	 */
758 	if (cstk->c_cont)
759 		reached = 1;
760 
761 	if (tn != NULL)
762 		tn = cconv(tn);
763 	if (tn != NULL)
764 		tn = promote(NOOP, 0, tn);
765 	if (tn != NULL && !issclt(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
766 		/* controlling expressions must have scalar type */
767 		error(204);
768 		tn = NULL;
769 	}
770 
771 	if (tn != NULL && tn->tn_op == CON) {
772 		if (isityp(tn->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
773 			cstk->c_infinite = tn->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
774 		} else {
775 			cstk->c_infinite = tn->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
776 		}
777 	}
778 
779 	expr(tn, 0, 1, 1);
780 
781 	/*
782 	 * The end of the loop is only reached if it is no endless loop
783 	 * or there was a break statement which could be reached.
784 	 */
785 	reached = !cstk->c_infinite || cstk->c_break;
786 	rchflg = 0;
787 
788 	popctrl(T_DO);
789 }
790 
791 /*
792  * T_FOR T_LPARN opt_expr T_SEMI opt_expr T_SEMI opt_expr T_RPARN
793  */
794 void
795 for1(tnode_t *tn1, tnode_t *tn2, tnode_t *tn3)
796 {
797 
798 	/*
799 	 * If there is no initialisation expression it is possible that
800 	 * it is intended not to enter the loop at top.
801 	 */
802 	if (tn1 != NULL && !reached) {
803 		/* loop not entered at top */
804 		warning(207);
805 		reached = 1;
806 	}
807 
808 	pushctrl(T_FOR);
809 	cstk->c_loop = 1;
810 
811 	/*
812 	 * Store the tree memory for the reinitialisation expression.
813 	 * Also remember this expression itself. We must check it at
814 	 * the end of the loop to get "used but not set" warnings correct.
815 	 */
816 	cstk->c_fexprm = tsave();
817 	cstk->c_f3expr = tn3;
818 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(cstk->c_fpos, curr_pos);
819 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(cstk->c_cfpos, csrc_pos);
820 
821 	if (tn1 != NULL)
822 		expr(tn1, 0, 0, 1);
823 
824 	if (tn2 != NULL)
825 		tn2 = cconv(tn2);
826 	if (tn2 != NULL)
827 		tn2 = promote(NOOP, 0, tn2);
828 	if (tn2 != NULL && !issclt(tn2->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
829 		/* controlling expressions must have scalar type */
830 		error(204);
831 		tn2 = NULL;
832 	}
833 	if (tn2 != NULL)
834 		expr(tn2, 0, 1, 1);
835 
836 	if (tn2 == NULL) {
837 		cstk->c_infinite = 1;
838 	} else if (tn2->tn_op == CON) {
839 		if (isityp(tn2->tn_type->t_tspec)) {
840 			cstk->c_infinite = tn2->tn_val->v_quad != 0;
841 		} else {
842 			cstk->c_infinite = tn2->tn_val->v_ldbl != 0.0;
843 		}
844 	}
845 
846 	/* Checking the reinitialisation expression is done in for2() */
847 
848 	reached = 1;
849 }
850 
851 /*
852  * for_exprs stmnt
853  * for_exprs error
854  */
855 void
856 for2(void)
857 {
858 	pos_t	cpos, cspos;
859 	tnode_t	*tn3;
860 
861 	if (cstk->c_cont)
862 		reached = 1;
863 
864 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(cpos, curr_pos);
865 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(cspos, csrc_pos);
866 
867 	/* Restore the tree memory for the reinitialisation expression */
868 	trestor(cstk->c_fexprm);
869 	tn3 = cstk->c_f3expr;
870 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, cstk->c_fpos);
871 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(csrc_pos, cstk->c_cfpos);
872 
873 	/* simply "statement not reached" would be confusing */
874 	if (!reached && !rchflg) {
875 		/* end-of-loop code not reached */
876 		warning(223);
877 		reached = 1;
878 	}
879 
880 	if (tn3 != NULL) {
881 		expr(tn3, 0, 0, 1);
882 	} else {
883 		tfreeblk();
884 	}
885 
886 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, cpos);
887 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(csrc_pos, cspos);
888 
889 	/* An endless loop without break will never terminate */
890 	reached = cstk->c_break || !cstk->c_infinite;
891 	rchflg = 0;
892 
893 	popctrl(T_FOR);
894 }
895 
896 /*
897  * T_GOTO identifier T_SEMI
898  * T_GOTO error T_SEMI
899  */
900 void
901 dogoto(sym_t *lab)
902 {
903 
904 	setuflg(lab, 0, 0);
905 
906 	chkreach();
907 
908 	reached = rchflg = 0;
909 }
910 
911 /*
912  * T_BREAK T_SEMI
913  */
914 void
915 dobreak(void)
916 {
917 	cstk_t	*ci;
918 
919 	ci = cstk;
920 	while (ci != NULL && !ci->c_loop && !ci->c_switch)
921 		ci = ci->c_nxt;
922 
923 	if (ci == NULL) {
924 		/* break outside loop or switch */
925 		error(208);
926 	} else {
927 		if (reached)
928 			ci->c_break = 1;
929 	}
930 
931 	if (bflag)
932 		chkreach();
933 
934 	reached = rchflg = 0;
935 }
936 
937 /*
938  * T_CONTINUE T_SEMI
939  */
940 void
941 docont(void)
942 {
943 	cstk_t	*ci;
944 
945 	for (ci = cstk; ci != NULL && !ci->c_loop; ci = ci->c_nxt)
946 		continue;
947 
948 	if (ci == NULL) {
949 		/* continue outside loop */
950 		error(209);
951 	} else {
952 		ci->c_cont = 1;
953 	}
954 
955 	chkreach();
956 
957 	reached = rchflg = 0;
958 }
959 
960 /*
961  * T_RETURN T_SEMI
962  * T_RETURN expr T_SEMI
963  */
964 void
965 doreturn(tnode_t *tn)
966 {
967 	tnode_t	*ln, *rn;
968 	cstk_t	*ci;
969 	op_t	op;
970 
971 	for (ci = cstk; ci->c_nxt != NULL; ci = ci->c_nxt)
972 		continue;
973 
974 	if (tn != NULL) {
975 		ci->c_retval = 1;
976 	} else {
977 		ci->c_noretval = 1;
978 	}
979 
980 	if (tn != NULL && funcsym->s_type->t_subt->t_tspec == VOID) {
981 		/* void function %s cannot return value */
982 		error(213, funcsym->s_name);
983 		tfreeblk();
984 		tn = NULL;
985 	} else if (tn == NULL && funcsym->s_type->t_subt->t_tspec != VOID) {
986 		/*
987 		 * Assume that the function has a return value only if it
988 		 * is explicitly declared.
989 		 */
990 		if (!funcsym->s_rimpl)
991 			/* function %s expects to return value */
992 			warning(214, funcsym->s_name);
993 	}
994 
995 	if (tn != NULL) {
996 
997 		/* Create a temporary node for the left side */
998 		ln = tgetblk(sizeof (tnode_t));
999 		ln->tn_op = NAME;
1000 		ln->tn_type = tduptyp(funcsym->s_type->t_subt);
1001 		ln->tn_type->t_const = 0;
1002 		ln->tn_lvalue = 1;
1003 		ln->tn_sym = funcsym;		/* better than nothing */
1004 
1005 		tn = build(RETURN, ln, tn);
1006 
1007 		if (tn != NULL) {
1008 			rn = tn->tn_right;
1009 			while ((op = rn->tn_op) == CVT || op == PLUS)
1010 				rn = rn->tn_left;
1011 			if (rn->tn_op == AMPER && rn->tn_left->tn_op == NAME &&
1012 			    rn->tn_left->tn_sym->s_scl == AUTO) {
1013 				/* %s returns pointer to automatic object */
1014 				warning(302, funcsym->s_name);
1015 			}
1016 		}
1017 
1018 		expr(tn, 1, 0, 1);
1019 
1020 	} else {
1021 
1022 		chkreach();
1023 
1024 	}
1025 
1026 	reached = rchflg = 0;
1027 }
1028 
1029 /*
1030  * Do some cleanup after a global declaration or definition.
1031  * Especially remove informations about unused lint comments.
1032  */
1033 void
1034 glclup(int silent)
1035 {
1036 	pos_t	cpos;
1037 
1038 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(cpos, curr_pos);
1039 
1040 	if (nargusg != -1) {
1041 		if (!silent) {
1042 			STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, aupos);
1043 			/* must precede function definition: %s */
1044 			warning(282, "ARGSUSED");
1045 		}
1046 		nargusg = -1;
1047 	}
1048 	if (nvararg != -1) {
1049 		if (!silent) {
1050 			STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, vapos);
1051 			/* must precede function definition: %s */
1052 			warning(282, "VARARGS");
1053 		}
1054 		nvararg = -1;
1055 	}
1056 	if (prflstrg != -1) {
1057 		if (!silent) {
1058 			STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, prflpos);
1059 			/* must precede function definition: %s */
1060 			warning(282, "PRINTFLIKE");
1061 		}
1062 		prflstrg = -1;
1063 	}
1064 	if (scflstrg != -1) {
1065 		if (!silent) {
1066 			STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, scflpos);
1067 			/* must precede function definition: %s */
1068 			warning(282, "SCANFLIKE");
1069 		}
1070 		scflstrg = -1;
1071 	}
1072 
1073 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(curr_pos, cpos);
1074 
1075 	dcs->d_asm = 0;
1076 }
1077 
1078 /*
1079  * ARGSUSED comment
1080  *
1081  * Only the first n arguments of the following function are checked
1082  * for usage. A missing argument is taken to be 0.
1083  */
1084 void
1085 argsused(int n)
1086 {
1087 
1088 	if (n == -1)
1089 		n = 0;
1090 
1091 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1092 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1093 		warning(280, "ARGSUSED");
1094 		return;
1095 	}
1096 	if (nargusg != -1) {
1097 		/* duplicate use of ** %s ** */
1098 		warning(281, "ARGSUSED");
1099 	}
1100 	nargusg = n;
1101 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(aupos, curr_pos);
1102 }
1103 
1104 /*
1105  * VARARGS comment
1106  *
1107  * Makes that lint2 checks only the first n arguments for compatibility
1108  * to the function definition. A missing argument is taken to be 0.
1109  */
1110 void
1111 varargs(int n)
1112 {
1113 
1114 	if (n == -1)
1115 		n = 0;
1116 
1117 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1118 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1119 		warning(280, "VARARGS");
1120 		return;
1121 	}
1122 	if (nvararg != -1) {
1123 		/* duplicate use of  ** %s ** */
1124 		warning(281, "VARARGS");
1125 	}
1126 	nvararg = n;
1127 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(vapos, curr_pos);
1128 }
1129 
1130 /*
1131  * PRINTFLIKE comment
1132  *
1133  * Check all arguments until the (n-1)-th as usual. The n-th argument is
1134  * used the check the types of remaining arguments.
1135  */
1136 void
1137 printflike(int n)
1138 {
1139 
1140 	if (n == -1)
1141 		n = 0;
1142 
1143 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1144 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1145 		warning(280, "PRINTFLIKE");
1146 		return;
1147 	}
1148 	if (prflstrg != -1) {
1149 		/* duplicate use of ** %s ** */
1150 		warning(281, "PRINTFLIKE");
1151 	}
1152 	prflstrg = n;
1153 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(prflpos, curr_pos);
1154 }
1155 
1156 /*
1157  * SCANFLIKE comment
1158  *
1159  * Check all arguments until the (n-1)-th as usual. The n-th argument is
1160  * used the check the types of remaining arguments.
1161  */
1162 void
1163 scanflike(int n)
1164 {
1165 
1166 	if (n == -1)
1167 		n = 0;
1168 
1169 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1170 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1171 		warning(280, "SCANFLIKE");
1172 		return;
1173 	}
1174 	if (scflstrg != -1) {
1175 		/* duplicate use of ** %s ** */
1176 		warning(281, "SCANFLIKE");
1177 	}
1178 	scflstrg = n;
1179 	STRUCT_ASSIGN(scflpos, curr_pos);
1180 }
1181 
1182 /*
1183  * Set the linenumber for a CONSTCOND comment. At this and the following
1184  * line no warnings about constants in conditional contexts are printed.
1185  */
1186 /* ARGSUSED */
1187 void
1188 constcond(int n)
1189 {
1190 
1191 	ccflg = 1;
1192 }
1193 
1194 /*
1195  * Suppress printing of "fallthrough on ..." warnings until next
1196  * statement.
1197  */
1198 /* ARGSUSED */
1199 void
1200 fallthru(int n)
1201 {
1202 
1203 	ftflg = 1;
1204 }
1205 
1206 /*
1207  * Stop warnings about statements which cannot be reached. Also tells lint
1208  * that the following statements cannot be reached (e.g. after exit()).
1209  */
1210 /* ARGSUSED */
1211 void
1212 notreach(int n)
1213 {
1214 
1215 	reached = 0;
1216 	rchflg = 1;
1217 }
1218 
1219 /* ARGSUSED */
1220 void
1221 lintlib(int n)
1222 {
1223 
1224 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1225 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1226 		warning(280, "LINTLIBRARY");
1227 		return;
1228 	}
1229 	llibflg = 1;
1230 	vflag = 0;
1231 }
1232 
1233 /*
1234  * Suppress most warnings at the current and the following line.
1235  */
1236 /* ARGSUSED */
1237 void
1238 linted(int n)
1239 {
1240 
1241 #ifdef DEBUG
1242 	printf("%s, %d: nowarn = 1\n", curr_pos.p_file, curr_pos.p_line);
1243 #endif
1244 	nowarn = 1;
1245 }
1246 
1247 /*
1248  * Suppress bitfield type errors on the current line.
1249  */
1250 /* ARGSUSED */
1251 void
1252 bitfieldtype(int n)
1253 {
1254 
1255 #ifdef DEBUG
1256 	printf("%s, %d: bitfieldtype_ok = 1\n", curr_pos.p_file,
1257 	    curr_pos.p_line);
1258 #endif
1259 	bitfieldtype_ok = 1;
1260 }
1261 
1262 /*
1263  * PROTOTLIB in conjunction with LINTLIBRARY can be used to handle
1264  * prototypes like function definitions. This is done if the argument
1265  * to PROTOLIB is nonzero. Otherwise prototypes are handled normaly.
1266  */
1267 void
1268 protolib(int n)
1269 {
1270 
1271 	if (dcs->d_ctx != EXTERN) {
1272 		/* must be outside function: ** %s ** */
1273 		warning(280, "PROTOLIB");
1274 		return;
1275 	}
1276 	plibflg = n == 0 ? 0 : 1;
1277 }
1278 
1279 /*
1280  * Set quadflg to nonzero which means that the next statement/declaration
1281  * may use "long long" without an error or warning.
1282  */
1283 /* ARGSUSED */
1284 void
1285 longlong(int n)
1286 {
1287 
1288 	quadflg = 1;
1289 }
1290