xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/xlint/lint1/cgram.y (revision e670fd5c413e99c2f6a37901bb21c537fcd322d2)
1 %{
2 /* $NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.355 2021/08/11 05:19:32 rillig Exp $ */
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All Rights Reserved.
6  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl
7  * All Rights Reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *      This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for
20  *	The NetBSD Project.
21  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
22  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
26  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
27  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
28  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
29  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
30  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
31  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
32  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
33  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if defined(__RCSID) && !defined(lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.355 2021/08/11 05:19:32 rillig Exp $");
39 #endif
40 
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 
45 #include "lint1.h"
46 
47 extern char *yytext;
48 
49 /*
50  * Contains the level of current declaration, used for symbol table entries.
51  * 0 is the top-level, > 0 is inside a function body.
52  */
53 int	block_level;
54 
55 /*
56  * level for memory allocation. Normally the same as block_level.
57  * An exception is the declaration of arguments in prototypes. Memory
58  * for these can't be freed after the declaration, but symbols must
59  * be removed from the symbol table after the declaration.
60  */
61 int	mem_block_level;
62 
63 /*
64  * Save the no-warns state and restore it to avoid the problem where
65  * if (expr) { stmt } / * NOLINT * / stmt;
66  */
67 static int olwarn = LWARN_BAD;
68 
69 static	void	cgram_declare(sym_t *, bool, sbuf_t *);
70 static	void	read_until_rparen(void);
71 static	sym_t	*symbolrename(sym_t *, sbuf_t *);
72 
73 
74 #ifdef DEBUG
75 static void
76 CLEAR_WARN_FLAGS(const char *file, size_t line)
77 {
78 	debug_step("%s:%zu: clearing flags", file, line);
79 	clear_warn_flags();
80 	olwarn = LWARN_BAD;
81 }
82 
83 static void
84 SAVE_WARN_FLAGS(const char *file, size_t line)
85 {
86 	lint_assert(olwarn == LWARN_BAD);
87 	debug_step("%s:%zu: saving flags %d", file, line, lwarn);
88 	olwarn = lwarn;
89 }
90 
91 static void
92 RESTORE_WARN_FLAGS(const char *file, size_t line)
93 {
94 	if (olwarn != LWARN_BAD) {
95 		lwarn = olwarn;
96 		debug_step("%s:%zu: restoring flags %d", file, line, lwarn);
97 		olwarn = LWARN_BAD;
98 	} else
99 		CLEAR_WARN_FLAGS(file, line);
100 }
101 #else
102 #define CLEAR_WARN_FLAGS(f, l)	clear_warn_flags(), olwarn = LWARN_BAD
103 #define SAVE_WARN_FLAGS(f, l)	olwarn = lwarn
104 #define RESTORE_WARN_FLAGS(f, l) \
105 	(void)(olwarn == LWARN_BAD ? (clear_warn_flags(), 0) : (lwarn = olwarn))
106 #endif
107 
108 #define clear_warning_flags()	CLEAR_WARN_FLAGS(__FILE__, __LINE__)
109 #define save_warning_flags()	SAVE_WARN_FLAGS(__FILE__, __LINE__)
110 #define restore_warning_flags()	RESTORE_WARN_FLAGS(__FILE__, __LINE__)
111 
112 /* unbind the anonymous struct members from the struct */
113 static void
114 anonymize(sym_t *s)
115 {
116 	for ( ; s != NULL; s = s->s_next)
117 		s->s_styp = NULL;
118 }
119 
120 #if defined(YYDEBUG) && (defined(YYBYACC) || defined(YYBISON))
121 #define YYSTYPE_TOSTRING cgram_to_string
122 #endif
123 #if defined(YYDEBUG) && defined(YYBISON)
124 #define YYPRINT cgram_print
125 #endif
126 
127 %}
128 
129 %expect 150
130 
131 %union {
132 	val_t	*y_val;
133 	sbuf_t	*y_name;
134 	sym_t	*y_sym;
135 	op_t	y_op;
136 	scl_t	y_scl;
137 	tspec_t	y_tspec;
138 	tqual_t	y_tqual;
139 	type_t	*y_type;
140 	tnode_t	*y_tnode;
141 	range_t	y_range;
142 	strg_t	*y_string;
143 	qual_ptr *y_qual_ptr;
144 	bool	y_seen_statement;
145 	struct generic_association *y_generic;
146 };
147 
148 %token			T_LBRACE T_RBRACE T_LBRACK T_RBRACK T_LPAREN T_RPAREN
149 %token			T_POINT T_ARROW
150 %token			T_COMPLEMENT T_LOGNOT
151 %token	<y_op>		T_INCDEC
152 %token			T_SIZEOF
153 %token			T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF
154 %token			T_TYPEOF
155 %token			T_EXTENSION
156 %token			T_ALIGNAS
157 %token			T_ALIGNOF
158 %token			T_ASTERISK
159 %token	<y_op>		T_MULTIPLICATIVE
160 %token	<y_op>		T_ADDITIVE
161 %token	<y_op>		T_SHIFT
162 %token	<y_op>		T_RELATIONAL
163 %token	<y_op>		T_EQUALITY
164 %token			T_AMPER
165 %token			T_BITXOR
166 %token			T_BITOR
167 %token			T_LOGAND
168 %token			T_LOGOR
169 %token			T_QUEST
170 %token			T_COLON
171 %token			T_ASSIGN
172 %token	<y_op>		T_OPASSIGN
173 %token			T_COMMA
174 %token			T_SEMI
175 %token			T_ELLIPSIS
176 %token			T_REAL
177 %token			T_IMAG
178 %token			T_GENERIC
179 %token			T_NORETURN
180 
181 /* storage classes (extern, static, auto, register and typedef) */
182 %token	<y_scl>		T_SCLASS
183 
184 /*
185  * predefined type keywords (char, int, short, long, unsigned, signed,
186  * float, double, void); see T_TYPENAME for types from typedef
187  */
188 %token	<y_tspec>	T_TYPE
189 
190 /* qualifiers (const, volatile, restrict, _Thread_local) */
191 %token	<y_tqual>	T_QUAL
192 
193 /* struct or union */
194 %token	<y_tspec>	T_STRUCT_OR_UNION
195 
196 /* remaining keywords */
197 %token			T_ASM
198 %token			T_BREAK
199 %token			T_CASE
200 %token			T_CONTINUE
201 %token			T_DEFAULT
202 %token			T_DO
203 %token			T_ELSE
204 %token			T_ENUM
205 %token			T_FOR
206 %token			T_GOTO
207 %token			T_IF
208 %token			T_PACKED
209 %token			T_RETURN
210 %token			T_SWITCH
211 %token			T_SYMBOLRENAME
212 %token			T_WHILE
213 
214 %token			T_ATTRIBUTE
215 %token			T_AT_ALIAS
216 %token			T_AT_ALIGNED
217 %token			T_AT_ALLOC_SIZE
218 %token			T_AT_ALWAYS_INLINE
219 %token			T_AT_BOUNDED
220 %token			T_AT_BUFFER
221 %token			T_AT_COLD
222 %token			T_AT_COMMON
223 %token			T_AT_CONSTRUCTOR
224 %token			T_AT_DEPRECATED
225 %token			T_AT_DESTRUCTOR
226 %token			T_AT_FALLTHROUGH
227 %token			T_AT_FORMAT
228 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_ARG
229 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_GNU_PRINTF
230 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_PRINTF
231 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_SCANF
232 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_STRFMON
233 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_STRFTIME
234 %token			T_AT_FORMAT_SYSLOG
235 %token			T_AT_GNU_INLINE
236 %token			T_AT_HOT
237 %token			T_AT_MALLOC
238 %token			T_AT_MAY_ALIAS
239 %token			T_AT_MINBYTES
240 %token			T_AT_MODE
241 %token			T_AT_NOINLINE
242 %token			T_AT_NONNULL
243 %token			T_AT_NONSTRING
244 %token			T_AT_NORETURN
245 %token			T_AT_NOTHROW
246 %token			T_AT_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION
247 %token			T_AT_OPTIMIZE
248 %token			T_AT_PACKED
249 %token			T_AT_PCS
250 %token			T_AT_PURE
251 %token			T_AT_RETURNS_TWICE
252 %token			T_AT_SECTION
253 %token			T_AT_SENTINEL
254 %token			T_AT_STRING
255 %token			T_AT_TLS_MODEL
256 %token			T_AT_TUNION
257 %token			T_AT_UNUSED
258 %token			T_AT_USED
259 %token			T_AT_VISIBILITY
260 %token			T_AT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
261 %token			T_AT_WEAK
262 
263 %left	T_THEN
264 %left	T_ELSE
265 %right	T_QUEST T_COLON
266 %left	T_LOGOR
267 %left	T_LOGAND
268 %left	T_BITOR
269 %left	T_BITXOR
270 %left	T_AMPER
271 %left	T_EQUALITY
272 %left	T_RELATIONAL
273 %left	T_SHIFT
274 %left	T_ADDITIVE
275 %left	T_ASTERISK T_MULTIPLICATIVE
276 
277 %token	<y_name>	T_NAME
278 %token	<y_name>	T_TYPENAME
279 %token	<y_val>		T_CON
280 %token	<y_string>	T_STRING
281 
282 %type	<y_sym>		identifier_sym
283 %type	<y_name>	identifier
284 %type	<y_string>	string
285 %type	<y_string>	string2
286 
287 %type	<y_tnode>	primary_expression
288 %type	<y_tnode>	generic_selection
289 %type	<y_generic>	generic_assoc_list
290 %type	<y_generic>	generic_association
291 %type	<y_tnode>	postfix_expression
292 %type	<y_tnode>	gcc_statement_expr_list
293 %type	<y_tnode>	gcc_statement_expr_item
294 %type	<y_op>		point_or_arrow
295 %type	<y_tnode>	argument_expression_list
296 %type	<y_tnode>	unary_expression
297 %type	<y_tnode>	cast_expression
298 %type	<y_tnode>	conditional_expression
299 %type	<y_tnode>	assignment_expression
300 %type	<y_tnode>	expression_opt
301 %type	<y_tnode>	expression
302 %type	<y_tnode>	constant_expr
303 
304 %type	<y_type>	begin_type_typespec
305 %type	<y_type>	type_specifier
306 %type	<y_type>	notype_type_specifier
307 %type	<y_type>	struct_or_union_specifier
308 %type	<y_tspec>	struct_or_union
309 %type	<y_sym>		braced_struct_declaration_list
310 %type	<y_sym>		struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace
311 %type	<y_sym>		struct_declaration_list
312 %type	<y_sym>		struct_declaration
313 %type	<y_sym>		notype_struct_declarators
314 %type	<y_sym>		type_struct_declarators
315 %type	<y_sym>		notype_struct_declarator
316 %type	<y_sym>		type_struct_declarator
317 %type	<y_type>	enum_specifier
318 %type	<y_sym>		enum_declaration
319 %type	<y_sym>		enums_with_opt_comma
320 %type	<y_sym>		enumerator_list
321 %type	<y_sym>		enumerator
322 %type	<y_qual_ptr>	type_qualifier
323 %type	<y_qual_ptr>	pointer
324 %type	<y_qual_ptr>	asterisk
325 %type	<y_qual_ptr>	type_qualifier_list_opt
326 %type	<y_qual_ptr>	type_qualifier_list
327 %type	<y_sym>		notype_declarator
328 %type	<y_sym>		type_declarator
329 %type	<y_sym>		notype_direct_declarator
330 %type	<y_sym>		type_direct_declarator
331 %type	<y_sym>		type_param_declarator
332 %type	<y_sym>		notype_param_declarator
333 %type	<y_sym>		direct_param_declarator
334 %type	<y_sym>		direct_notype_param_declarator
335 %type	<y_sym>		param_list
336 %type	<y_tnode>	array_size
337 %type	<y_sym>		identifier_list
338 %type	<y_type>	type_name
339 %type	<y_sym>		abstract_declaration
340 %type	<y_sym>		abstract_declarator
341 %type	<y_sym>		direct_abstract_declarator
342 %type	<y_sym>		abstract_decl_param_list
343 %type	<y_sym>		vararg_parameter_type_list
344 %type	<y_sym>		parameter_type_list
345 %type	<y_sym>		parameter_declaration
346 %type	<y_range>	range
347 %type	<y_name>	asm_or_symbolrename_opt
348 
349 %type	<y_seen_statement> block_item_list
350 %type	<y_seen_statement> block_item
351 %type	<y_tnode>	do_while_expr
352 %type	<y_sym>		func_declarator
353 
354 %{
355 #if defined(YYDEBUG) && defined(YYBISON)
356 static void cgram_print(FILE *, int, YYSTYPE);
357 #endif
358 %}
359 
360 %%
361 
362 program:
363 	  /* empty */ {
364 		if (sflag) {
365 			/* empty translation unit */
366 			error(272);
367 		} else if (!tflag) {
368 			/* empty translation unit */
369 			warning(272);
370 		}
371 	  }
372 	| translation_unit
373 	;
374 
375 identifier_sym:			/* helper for struct/union/enum */
376 	  identifier {
377 		$$ = getsym($1);
378 	  }
379 	;
380 
381 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.4.2.1, C11 ??? */
382 identifier:
383 	  T_NAME {
384 		debug_printf("cgram: name '%s'", $1->sb_name);
385 		$$ = $1;
386 	  }
387 	| T_TYPENAME {
388 		debug_printf("cgram: typename '%s'", $1->sb_name);
389 		$$ = $1;
390 	  }
391 	;
392 
393 /* see C99 6.4.5, string literals are joined by 5.1.1.2 */
394 string:
395 	  T_STRING
396 	| T_STRING string2 {
397 		$$ = cat_strings($1, $2);
398 	  }
399 	;
400 
401 /* see C99 6.4.5, string literals are joined by 5.1.1.2 */
402 string2:
403 	  T_STRING {
404 		if (tflag) {
405 			/* concatenated strings are illegal in traditional C */
406 			warning(219);
407 		}
408 		$$ = $1;
409 	  }
410 	| string2 T_STRING {
411 		$$ = cat_strings($1, $2);
412 	  }
413 	;
414 
415 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.1, C11 6.5.1 */
416 primary_expression:
417 	  T_NAME {
418 		/* XXX really necessary? */
419 		if (yychar < 0)
420 			yychar = yylex();
421 		$$ = build_name(getsym($1), yychar);
422 	  }
423 	| T_CON {
424 		$$ = build_constant(gettyp($1->v_tspec), $1);
425 	  }
426 	| string {
427 		$$ = build_string($1);
428 	  }
429 	| T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN {
430 		if ($2 != NULL)
431 			$2->tn_parenthesized = true;
432 		$$ = $2;
433 	  }
434 	| generic_selection
435 	/* GCC primary-expression, see c_parser_postfix_expression */
436 	| T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF T_LPAREN type_name T_COMMA identifier T_RPAREN {
437 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
438 		$$ = build_offsetof($3, getsym($5));
439 	  }
440 	;
441 
442 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */
443 generic_selection:
444 	  T_GENERIC T_LPAREN assignment_expression T_COMMA
445 	    generic_assoc_list T_RPAREN {
446 	  	/* generic selection requires C11 or later */
447 	  	c11ism(345);
448 		$$ = build_generic_selection($3, $5);
449 	  }
450 	;
451 
452 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */
453 generic_assoc_list:
454 	  generic_association
455 	| generic_assoc_list T_COMMA generic_association {
456 		$3->ga_prev = $1;
457 		$$ = $3;
458 	  }
459 	;
460 
461 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */
462 generic_association:
463 	  type_name T_COLON assignment_expression {
464 		$$ = getblk(sizeof(*$$));
465 		$$->ga_arg = $1;
466 		$$->ga_result = $3;
467 	  }
468 	| T_DEFAULT T_COLON assignment_expression {
469 		$$ = getblk(sizeof(*$$));
470 		$$->ga_arg = NULL;
471 		$$->ga_result = $3;
472 	  }
473 	;
474 
475 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */
476 postfix_expression:
477 	  primary_expression
478 	| postfix_expression T_LBRACK expression T_RBRACK {
479 		$$ = build_unary(INDIR, build_binary($1, PLUS, $3));
480 	  }
481 	| postfix_expression T_LPAREN T_RPAREN {
482 		$$ = build_function_call($1, NULL);
483 	  }
484 	| postfix_expression T_LPAREN argument_expression_list T_RPAREN {
485 		$$ = build_function_call($1, $3);
486 	  }
487 	| postfix_expression point_or_arrow T_NAME {
488 		$$ = build_member_access($1, $2, $3);
489 	  }
490 	| postfix_expression T_INCDEC {
491 		$$ = build_unary($2 == INC ? INCAFT : DECAFT, $1);
492 	  }
493 	| T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN {	/* C99 6.5.2.5 "Compound literals" */
494 		sym_t *tmp = mktempsym($2);
495 		begin_initialization(tmp);
496 		cgram_declare(tmp, true, NULL);
497 	  } init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace {
498 		if (!Sflag)
499 			 /* compound literals are a C9X/GCC extension */
500 			 gnuism(319);
501 		$$ = build_name(*current_initsym(), 0);
502 		end_initialization();
503 	  }
504 	| T_LPAREN compound_statement_lbrace gcc_statement_expr_list {
505 		block_level--;
506 		mem_block_level--;
507 		begin_initialization(mktempsym(dup_type($3->tn_type)));
508 		mem_block_level++;
509 		block_level++;
510 		/* ({ }) is a GCC extension */
511 		gnuism(320);
512 	  } compound_statement_rbrace T_RPAREN {
513 		$$ = build_name(*current_initsym(), 0);
514 		end_initialization();
515 	  }
516 	;
517 
518 comma_opt:			/* helper for 'postfix_expression' */
519 	  /* empty */
520 	| T_COMMA
521 	;
522 
523 /*
524  * The inner part of a GCC statement-expression of the form ({ ... }).
525  *
526  * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html
527  */
528 gcc_statement_expr_list:
529 	  gcc_statement_expr_item
530 	| gcc_statement_expr_list gcc_statement_expr_item {
531 		$$ = $2;
532 	  }
533 	;
534 
535 gcc_statement_expr_item:
536 	  declaration_or_error {
537 		clear_warning_flags();
538 		$$ = NULL;
539 	  }
540 	| non_expr_statement {
541 		$$ = expr_zalloc_tnode();
542 		$$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID);
543 	  }
544 	| expression T_SEMI {
545 		if ($1 == NULL) {	/* in case of syntax errors */
546 			$$ = expr_zalloc_tnode();
547 			$$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID);
548 		} else {
549 			/* XXX: do that only on the last name */
550 			if ($1->tn_op == NAME)
551 				$1->tn_sym->s_used = true;
552 			expr($1, false, false, false, false);
553 			seen_fallthrough = false;
554 			$$ = $1;
555 		}
556 	  }
557 	;
558 
559 point_or_arrow:			/* helper for 'postfix_expression' */
560 	  T_POINT {
561 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
562 		$$ = POINT;
563 	  }
564 	| T_ARROW {
565 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
566 		$$ = ARROW;
567 	  }
568 	;
569 
570 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */
571 argument_expression_list:
572 	  assignment_expression {
573 		$$ = build_function_argument(NULL, $1);
574 	  }
575 	| argument_expression_list T_COMMA assignment_expression {
576 		$$ = build_function_argument($1, $3);
577 	  }
578 	;
579 
580 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.3, C11 6.5.3 */
581 unary_expression:
582 	  postfix_expression
583 	| T_INCDEC unary_expression {
584 		$$ = build_unary($1 == INC ? INCBEF : DECBEF, $2);
585 	  }
586 	| T_AMPER cast_expression {
587 		$$ = build_unary(ADDR, $2);
588 	  }
589 	| T_ASTERISK cast_expression {
590 		$$ = build_unary(INDIR, $2);
591 	  }
592 	| T_ADDITIVE cast_expression {
593 		if (tflag && $1 == PLUS) {
594 			/* unary + is illegal in traditional C */
595 			warning(100);
596 		}
597 		$$ = build_unary($1 == PLUS ? UPLUS : UMINUS, $2);
598 	  }
599 	| T_COMPLEMENT cast_expression {
600 		$$ = build_unary(COMPL, $2);
601 	  }
602 	| T_LOGNOT cast_expression {
603 		$$ = build_unary(NOT, $2);
604 	  }
605 	| T_REAL cast_expression {	/* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */
606 		$$ = build_unary(REAL, $2);
607 	  }
608 	| T_IMAG cast_expression {	/* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */
609 		$$ = build_unary(IMAG, $2);
610 	  }
611 	| T_EXTENSION cast_expression {	/* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */
612 		$$ = $2;
613 	  }
614 	| T_SIZEOF unary_expression {
615 		$$ = $2 == NULL ? NULL : build_sizeof($2->tn_type);
616 		if ($$ != NULL)
617 			check_expr_misc($2,
618 			    false, false, false, false, false, true);
619 	  }
620 	| T_SIZEOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN {
621 		$$ = build_sizeof($3);
622 	  }
623 	/* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.3 */
624 	| T_ALIGNOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN {
625 		/* TODO: c11ism */
626 		$$ = build_alignof($3);
627 	  }
628 	;
629 
630 /* The rule 'unary_operator' is inlined into unary_expression. */
631 
632 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.4, C11 6.5.4 */
633 cast_expression:
634 	  unary_expression
635 	| T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN cast_expression {
636 		$$ = cast($4, $2);
637 	  }
638 	;
639 
640 expression_opt:
641 	  /* empty */ {
642 		$$ = NULL;
643 	  }
644 	| expression
645 	;
646 
647 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'multiplicative_expression'. */
648 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'additive_expression'. */
649 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'shift_expression'. */
650 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'relational_expression'. */
651 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'equality_expression'. */
652 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'AND_expression'. */
653 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'exclusive_OR_expression'. */
654 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'inclusive_OR_expression'. */
655 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_AND_expression'. */
656 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_OR_expression'. */
657 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.5 to 6.5.15, C11 6.5.5 to 6.5.15 */
658 conditional_expression:
659 	  cast_expression
660 	| conditional_expression T_ASTERISK conditional_expression {
661 		$$ = build_binary($1, MULT, $3);
662 	  }
663 	| conditional_expression T_MULTIPLICATIVE conditional_expression {
664 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
665 	  }
666 	| conditional_expression T_ADDITIVE conditional_expression {
667 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
668 	  }
669 	| conditional_expression T_SHIFT conditional_expression {
670 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
671 	  }
672 	| conditional_expression T_RELATIONAL conditional_expression {
673 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
674 	  }
675 	| conditional_expression T_EQUALITY conditional_expression {
676 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
677 	  }
678 	| conditional_expression T_AMPER conditional_expression {
679 		$$ = build_binary($1, BITAND, $3);
680 	  }
681 	| conditional_expression T_BITXOR conditional_expression {
682 		$$ = build_binary($1, BITXOR, $3);
683 	  }
684 	| conditional_expression T_BITOR conditional_expression {
685 		$$ = build_binary($1, BITOR, $3);
686 	  }
687 	| conditional_expression T_LOGAND conditional_expression {
688 		$$ = build_binary($1, LOGAND, $3);
689 	  }
690 	| conditional_expression T_LOGOR conditional_expression {
691 		$$ = build_binary($1, LOGOR, $3);
692 	  }
693 	| conditional_expression T_QUEST expression
694 	    T_COLON conditional_expression {
695 		$$ = build_binary($1, QUEST, build_binary($3, COLON, $5));
696 	  }
697 	;
698 
699 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.16, C11 6.5.16 */
700 assignment_expression:
701 	  conditional_expression
702 	| unary_expression T_ASSIGN assignment_expression {
703 		$$ = build_binary($1, ASSIGN, $3);
704 	  }
705 	| unary_expression T_OPASSIGN assignment_expression {
706 		$$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3);
707 	  }
708 	;
709 
710 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.17, C11 6.5.17 */
711 expression:
712 	  assignment_expression
713 	| expression T_COMMA assignment_expression {
714 		$$ = build_binary($1, COMMA, $3);
715 	  }
716 	;
717 
718 constant_expr_list_opt:		/* helper for gcc_attribute */
719 	  /* empty */
720 	| constant_expr_list
721 	;
722 
723 constant_expr_list:		/* helper for gcc_attribute */
724 	  constant_expr
725 	| constant_expr_list T_COMMA constant_expr
726 	;
727 
728 constant_expr:			/* C99 6.6 */
729 	  conditional_expression
730 	;
731 
732 declaration_or_error:
733 	  declaration
734 	| error T_SEMI
735 	;
736 
737 declaration:			/* C99 6.7 */
738 	  begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI {
739 		if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) {
740 			/* typedef declares no type name */
741 			warning(72);
742 		} else {
743 			/* empty declaration */
744 			warning(2);
745 		}
746 	  }
747 	| begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI
748 	/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
749 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI {
750 		if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) {
751 			/* typedef declares no type name */
752 			warning(72);
753 		} else if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) {
754 			/* empty declaration */
755 			warning(2);
756 		}
757 	  }
758 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type
759 	    type_init_declarators T_SEMI
760 	;
761 
762 begin_type_declaration_specifiers:	/* see C99 6.7 */
763 	  begin_type_typespec {
764 		add_type($1);
765 	  }
766 	| begin_type_declmods type_specifier {
767 		add_type($2);
768 	  }
769 	| type_attribute begin_type_declaration_specifiers
770 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers declmod
771 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers notype_type_specifier {
772 		add_type($2);
773 	  }
774 	;
775 
776 begin_type_declmods:		/* see C99 6.7 */
777 	  begin_type T_QUAL {
778 		add_qualifier($2);
779 	  }
780 	| begin_type T_SCLASS {
781 		add_storage_class($2);
782 	  }
783 	| begin_type_declmods declmod
784 	;
785 
786 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list:	/* see C11 6.7.2.1 */
787 	  begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix
788 	| type_attribute_list begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix
789 	;
790 
791 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix:
792 	  begin_type_typespec {
793 		add_type($1);
794 	  }
795 	| begin_type_qualifier_list type_specifier {
796 		add_type($2);
797 	  }
798 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix T_QUAL {
799 		add_qualifier($2);
800 	  }
801 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix notype_type_specifier {
802 		add_type($2);
803 	  }
804 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix type_attribute
805 	;
806 
807 begin_type_typespec:
808 	  begin_type notype_type_specifier {
809 		$$ = $2;
810 	  }
811 	| T_TYPENAME begin_type {
812 		$$ = getsym($1)->s_type;
813 	  }
814 	;
815 
816 begin_type_qualifier_list:
817 	  begin_type T_QUAL {
818 		add_qualifier($2);
819 	  }
820 	| begin_type_qualifier_list T_QUAL {
821 		add_qualifier($2);
822 	  }
823 	;
824 
825 declmod:
826 	  T_QUAL {
827 		add_qualifier($1);
828 	  }
829 	| T_SCLASS {
830 		add_storage_class($1);
831 	  }
832 	| type_attribute_list
833 	;
834 
835 type_attribute_list:
836 	  type_attribute
837 	| type_attribute_list type_attribute
838 	;
839 
840 type_attribute_opt:
841 	  /* empty */
842 	| type_attribute
843 	;
844 
845 type_attribute:			/* See C11 6.7 declaration-specifiers */
846 	  gcc_attribute
847 	| T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN type_specifier T_RPAREN	/* C11 6.7.5 */
848 	| T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN	/* C11 6.7.5 */
849 	| T_PACKED {
850 		addpacked();
851 	  }
852 	| T_NORETURN
853 	;
854 
855 begin_type:
856 	  /* empty */ {
857 		begin_type();
858 	  }
859 	;
860 
861 end_type:
862 	  /* empty */ {
863 		end_type();
864 	  }
865 	;
866 
867 type_specifier:			/* C99 6.7.2 */
868 	  notype_type_specifier
869 	| T_TYPENAME {
870 		$$ = getsym($1)->s_type;
871 	  }
872 	;
873 
874 notype_type_specifier:		/* see C99 6.7.2 */
875 	  T_TYPE {
876 		$$ = gettyp($1);
877 	  }
878 	| T_TYPEOF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN {	/* GCC extension */
879 		$$ = $3->tn_type;
880 	  }
881 	| struct_or_union_specifier {
882 		end_declaration_level();
883 		$$ = $1;
884 	  }
885 	| enum_specifier {
886 		end_declaration_level();
887 		$$ = $1;
888 	  }
889 	;
890 
891 struct_or_union_specifier:	/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
892 	  struct_or_union identifier_sym {
893 		/*
894 		 * STDC requires that "struct a;" always introduces
895 		 * a new tag if "a" is not declared at current level
896 		 *
897 		 * yychar is valid because otherwise the parser would not
898 		 * have been able to decide if it must shift or reduce
899 		 */
900 		$$ = mktag($2, $1, false, yychar == T_SEMI);
901 	  }
902 	| struct_or_union identifier_sym {
903 		dcs->d_tagtyp = mktag($2, $1, true, false);
904 	  } braced_struct_declaration_list {
905 		$$ = complete_tag_struct_or_union(dcs->d_tagtyp, $4);
906 	  }
907 	| struct_or_union {
908 		dcs->d_tagtyp = mktag(NULL, $1, true, false);
909 	  } braced_struct_declaration_list {
910 		$$ = complete_tag_struct_or_union(dcs->d_tagtyp, $3);
911 	  }
912 	| struct_or_union error {
913 		symtyp = FVFT;
914 		$$ = gettyp(INT);
915 	  }
916 	;
917 
918 struct_or_union:		/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
919 	  T_STRUCT_OR_UNION {
920 		symtyp = FTAG;
921 		begin_declaration_level($1 == STRUCT ? MOS : MOU);
922 		dcs->d_offset = 0;
923 		dcs->d_sou_align_in_bits = CHAR_SIZE;
924 		$$ = $1;
925 	  }
926 	| struct_or_union type_attribute
927 	;
928 
929 braced_struct_declaration_list:	/* see C99 6.7.2.1 */
930 	  struct_declaration_lbrace struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace {
931 		$$ = $2;
932 	  }
933 	;
934 
935 struct_declaration_lbrace:	/* see C99 6.7.2.1 */
936 	  T_LBRACE {
937 		symtyp = FVFT;
938 	  }
939 	;
940 
941 struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace:	/* see C99 6.7.2.1 */
942 	  struct_declaration_list T_RBRACE
943 	| T_RBRACE {
944 		/* XXX: This is not allowed by any C standard. */
945 		$$ = NULL;
946 	  }
947 	;
948 
949 struct_declaration_list:	/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
950 	  struct_declaration
951 	| struct_declaration_list struct_declaration {
952 		$$ = lnklst($1, $2);
953 	  }
954 	;
955 
956 struct_declaration:		/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
957 	  begin_type_qualifier_list end_type {
958 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
959 		/* too late, i know, but getsym() compensates it */
960 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
961 	  } notype_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI {
962 		symtyp = FVFT;
963 		$$ = $4;
964 	  }
965 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type {
966 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
967 	  } type_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI {
968 		symtyp = FVFT;
969 		$$ = $4;
970 	  }
971 	| begin_type_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt T_SEMI {
972 		/* syntax error '%s' */
973 		error(249, "member without type");
974 		$$ = NULL;
975 	  }
976 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt
977 	    T_SEMI {
978 		symtyp = FVFT;
979 		if (!Sflag)
980 			/* anonymous struct/union members is a C9X feature */
981 			warning(49);
982 		if (is_struct_or_union(dcs->d_type->t_tspec)) {
983 			$$ = dcs->d_type->t_str->sou_first_member;
984 			/* add all the members of the anonymous struct/union */
985 			anonymize($$);
986 		} else {
987 			/* syntax error '%s' */
988 			error(249, "unnamed member");
989 			$$ = NULL;
990 		}
991 	  }
992 	| error T_SEMI {
993 		symtyp = FVFT;
994 		$$ = NULL;
995 	  }
996 	;
997 
998 notype_struct_declarators:
999 	  notype_struct_declarator {
1000 		$$ = declarator_1_struct_union($1);
1001 	  }
1002 	| notype_struct_declarators {
1003 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
1004 	  } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator {
1005 		$$ = lnklst($1, declarator_1_struct_union($4));
1006 	  }
1007 	;
1008 
1009 type_struct_declarators:
1010 	  type_struct_declarator {
1011 		$$ = declarator_1_struct_union($1);
1012 	  }
1013 	| type_struct_declarators {
1014 		symtyp = FMEMBER;
1015 	  } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator {
1016 		$$ = lnklst($1, declarator_1_struct_union($4));
1017 	  }
1018 	;
1019 
1020 notype_struct_declarator:
1021 	  notype_declarator
1022 	| notype_declarator T_COLON constant_expr {	/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
1023 		$$ = bitfield($1, to_int_constant($3, true));
1024 	  }
1025 	| {
1026 		symtyp = FVFT;
1027 	  } T_COLON constant_expr {			/* C99 6.7.2.1 */
1028 		$$ = bitfield(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true));
1029 	  }
1030 	;
1031 
1032 type_struct_declarator:
1033 	  type_declarator
1034 	| type_declarator T_COLON constant_expr {
1035 		$$ = bitfield($1, to_int_constant($3, true));
1036 	  }
1037 	| {
1038 		symtyp = FVFT;
1039 	  } T_COLON constant_expr {
1040 		$$ = bitfield(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true));
1041 	  }
1042 	;
1043 
1044 enum_specifier:			/* C99 6.7.2.2 */
1045 	  enum gcc_attribute_list_opt identifier_sym {
1046 		$$ = mktag($3, ENUM, false, false);
1047 	  }
1048 	| enum gcc_attribute_list_opt identifier_sym {
1049 		dcs->d_tagtyp = mktag($3, ENUM, true, false);
1050 	  } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_list_opt*/ {
1051 		$$ = complete_tag_enum(dcs->d_tagtyp, $5);
1052 	  }
1053 	| enum gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1054 		dcs->d_tagtyp = mktag(NULL, ENUM, true, false);
1055 	  } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_list_opt*/ {
1056 		$$ = complete_tag_enum(dcs->d_tagtyp, $4);
1057 	  }
1058 	| enum error {
1059 		symtyp = FVFT;
1060 		$$ = gettyp(INT);
1061 	  }
1062 	;
1063 
1064 enum:				/* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */
1065 	  T_ENUM {
1066 		symtyp = FTAG;
1067 		begin_declaration_level(CTCONST);
1068 	  }
1069 	;
1070 
1071 enum_declaration:		/* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */
1072 	  enum_decl_lbrace enums_with_opt_comma T_RBRACE {
1073 		$$ = $2;
1074 	  }
1075 	;
1076 
1077 enum_decl_lbrace:		/* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */
1078 	  T_LBRACE {
1079 		symtyp = FVFT;
1080 		enumval = 0;
1081 	  }
1082 	;
1083 
1084 enums_with_opt_comma:		/* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */
1085 	  enumerator_list
1086 	| enumerator_list T_COMMA {
1087 		if (sflag) {
1088 			/* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */
1089 			error(54);
1090 		} else {
1091 			/* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */
1092 			c99ism(54);
1093 		}
1094 		$$ = $1;
1095 	  }
1096 	;
1097 
1098 enumerator_list:		/* C99 6.7.2.2 */
1099 	  enumerator
1100 	| enumerator_list T_COMMA enumerator {
1101 		$$ = lnklst($1, $3);
1102 	  }
1103 	| error {
1104 		$$ = NULL;
1105 	  }
1106 	;
1107 
1108 enumerator:			/* C99 6.7.2.2 */
1109 	  identifier_sym gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1110 		$$ = enumeration_constant($1, enumval, true);
1111 	  }
1112 	| identifier_sym gcc_attribute_list_opt T_ASSIGN constant_expr {
1113 		$$ = enumeration_constant($1, to_int_constant($4, true),
1114 		    false);
1115 	  }
1116 	;
1117 
1118 type_qualifier:			/* C99 6.7.3 */
1119 	  T_QUAL {
1120 		$$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$));
1121 		if ($1 == CONST)
1122 			$$->p_const = true;
1123 		if ($1 == VOLATILE)
1124 			$$->p_volatile = true;
1125 	  }
1126 	;
1127 
1128 pointer:			/* C99 6.7.5 */
1129 	  asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt {
1130 		$$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2);
1131 	  }
1132 	| asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt pointer {
1133 		$$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2);
1134 		$$ = merge_qualified_pointer($$, $3);
1135 	  }
1136 	;
1137 
1138 asterisk:			/* helper for 'pointer' */
1139 	  T_ASTERISK {
1140 		$$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$));
1141 		$$->p_pointer = true;
1142 	  }
1143 	;
1144 
1145 type_qualifier_list_opt:	/* see C99 6.7.5 */
1146 	  /* empty */ {
1147 		$$ = NULL;
1148 	  }
1149 	| type_qualifier_list
1150 	;
1151 
1152 type_qualifier_list:		/* C99 6.7.5 */
1153 	  type_qualifier
1154 	| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier {
1155 		$$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2);
1156 	  }
1157 	;
1158 
1159 /*
1160  * For an explanation of 'notype' in the following rules, see
1161  * https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Semantic-Tokens.
1162  */
1163 
1164 notype_init_declarators:
1165 	  notype_init_declarator
1166 	| notype_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator
1167 	;
1168 
1169 type_init_declarators:
1170 	  type_init_declarator
1171 	| type_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator
1172 	;
1173 
1174 notype_init_declarator:
1175 	  notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1176 		cgram_declare($1, false, $2);
1177 		check_size($1);
1178 	  }
1179 	| notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1180 		begin_initialization($1);
1181 		cgram_declare($1, true, $2);
1182 	  } T_ASSIGN initializer {
1183 		check_size($1);
1184 		end_initialization();
1185 	  }
1186 	;
1187 
1188 type_init_declarator:
1189 	  type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1190 		cgram_declare($1, false, $2);
1191 		check_size($1);
1192 	  }
1193 	| type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1194 		begin_initialization($1);
1195 		cgram_declare($1, true, $2);
1196 	  } T_ASSIGN initializer {
1197 		check_size($1);
1198 		end_initialization();
1199 	  }
1200 	;
1201 
1202 notype_declarator:
1203 	  notype_direct_declarator
1204 	| pointer notype_direct_declarator {
1205 		$$ = add_pointer($2, $1);
1206 	  }
1207 	;
1208 
1209 type_declarator:
1210 	  type_direct_declarator
1211 	| pointer type_direct_declarator {
1212 		$$ = add_pointer($2, $1);
1213 	  }
1214 	;
1215 
1216 notype_direct_declarator:
1217 	  T_NAME {
1218 		$$ = declarator_name(getsym($1));
1219 	  }
1220 	| T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN {
1221 		$$ = $2;
1222 	  }
1223 	| type_attribute notype_direct_declarator {
1224 		$$ = $2;
1225 	  }
1226 	| notype_direct_declarator T_LBRACK T_RBRACK {
1227 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1228 	  }
1229 	| notype_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK {
1230 		$$ = add_array($1, true, to_int_constant($3, false));
1231 	  }
1232 	| notype_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1233 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2);
1234 		end_declaration_level();
1235 		block_level--;
1236 	  }
1237 	| notype_direct_declarator type_attribute
1238 	;
1239 
1240 type_direct_declarator:
1241 	  identifier {
1242 		$$ = declarator_name(getsym($1));
1243 	  }
1244 	| T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN {
1245 		$$ = $2;
1246 	  }
1247 	| type_attribute type_direct_declarator {
1248 		$$ = $2;
1249 	  }
1250 	| type_direct_declarator T_LBRACK T_RBRACK {
1251 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1252 	  }
1253 	| type_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK {
1254 		$$ = add_array($1, true, to_int_constant($3, false));
1255 	  }
1256 	| type_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1257 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2);
1258 		end_declaration_level();
1259 		block_level--;
1260 	  }
1261 	| type_direct_declarator type_attribute
1262 	;
1263 
1264 /*
1265  * The two distinct rules type_param_declarator and notype_param_declarator
1266  * avoid a conflict in argument lists. A typename enclosed in parentheses is
1267  * always treated as a typename, not an argument name. For example, after
1268  * "typedef double a;", the declaration "f(int (a));" is interpreted as
1269  * "f(int (double));", not "f(int a);".
1270  */
1271 type_param_declarator:
1272 	  direct_param_declarator
1273 	| pointer direct_param_declarator {
1274 		$$ = add_pointer($2, $1);
1275 	  }
1276 	;
1277 
1278 notype_param_declarator:
1279 	  direct_notype_param_declarator
1280 	| pointer direct_notype_param_declarator {
1281 		$$ = add_pointer($2, $1);
1282 	  }
1283 	;
1284 
1285 direct_param_declarator:
1286 	  identifier type_attribute_list {
1287 		$$ = declarator_name(getsym($1));
1288 	  }
1289 	| identifier {
1290 		$$ = declarator_name(getsym($1));
1291 	  }
1292 	| T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN {
1293 		$$ = $2;
1294 	  }
1295 	| direct_param_declarator T_LBRACK T_RBRACK gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1296 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1297 	  }
1298 	| direct_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK
1299 	    gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1300 		$$ = add_array($1, true, to_int_constant($3, false));
1301 	  }
1302 	| direct_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1303 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2);
1304 		end_declaration_level();
1305 		block_level--;
1306 	  }
1307 	;
1308 
1309 direct_notype_param_declarator:
1310 	  identifier {
1311 		$$ = declarator_name(getsym($1));
1312 	  }
1313 	| T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN {
1314 		$$ = $2;
1315 	  }
1316 	| direct_notype_param_declarator T_LBRACK T_RBRACK {
1317 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1318 	  }
1319 	| direct_notype_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK {
1320 		$$ = add_array($1, true, to_int_constant($3, false));
1321 	  }
1322 	| direct_notype_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1323 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2);
1324 		end_declaration_level();
1325 		block_level--;
1326 	  }
1327 	;
1328 
1329 param_list:
1330 	  id_list_lparen identifier_list T_RPAREN {
1331 		$$ = $2;
1332 	  }
1333 	| abstract_decl_param_list
1334 	;
1335 
1336 id_list_lparen:
1337 	  T_LPAREN {
1338 		block_level++;
1339 		begin_declaration_level(PROTO_ARG);
1340 	  }
1341 	;
1342 
1343 array_size:
1344 	  type_qualifier_list_opt T_SCLASS constant_expr {
1345 		/* C11 6.7.6.3p7 */
1346 		if ($2 != STATIC)
1347 			yyerror("Bad attribute");
1348 		/* static array size is a C11 extension */
1349 		c11ism(343);
1350 		$$ = $3;
1351 	  }
1352 	| constant_expr
1353 	;
1354 
1355 identifier_list:		/* C99 6.7.5 */
1356 	  T_NAME {
1357 		$$ = old_style_function_name(getsym($1));
1358 	  }
1359 	| identifier_list T_COMMA T_NAME {
1360 		$$ = lnklst($1, old_style_function_name(getsym($3)));
1361 	  }
1362 	| identifier_list error
1363 	;
1364 
1365 /* XXX: C99 requires an additional specifier-qualifier-list. */
1366 type_name:			/* C99 6.7.6 */
1367 	  {
1368 		begin_declaration_level(ABSTRACT);
1369 	  } abstract_declaration {
1370 		end_declaration_level();
1371 		$$ = $2->s_type;
1372 	  }
1373 	;
1374 
1375 abstract_declaration:		/* specific to lint */
1376 	  begin_type_qualifier_list end_type {
1377 		$$ = declare_1_abstract(abstract_name());
1378 	  }
1379 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type {
1380 		$$ = declare_1_abstract(abstract_name());
1381 	  }
1382 	| begin_type_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator {
1383 		$$ = declare_1_abstract($3);
1384 	  }
1385 	| begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator {
1386 		$$ = declare_1_abstract($3);
1387 	  }
1388 	;
1389 
1390 /* K&R 8.7, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */
1391 /* In K&R, abstract-declarator could be empty and was still simpler. */
1392 abstract_declarator:
1393 	  pointer {
1394 		$$ = add_pointer(abstract_name(), $1);
1395 	  }
1396 	| direct_abstract_declarator
1397 	| pointer direct_abstract_declarator {
1398 		$$ = add_pointer($2, $1);
1399 	  }
1400 	;
1401 
1402 /* K&R ---, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */
1403 direct_abstract_declarator:
1404 	  T_LPAREN abstract_declarator T_RPAREN {
1405 		$$ = $2;
1406 	  }
1407 	| T_LBRACK T_RBRACK {
1408 		$$ = add_array(abstract_name(), false, 0);
1409 	  }
1410 	| T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK {
1411 		$$ = add_array(abstract_name(), true,
1412 		    to_int_constant($2, false));
1413 	  }
1414 	| type_attribute direct_abstract_declarator {
1415 		$$ = $2;
1416 	  }
1417 	| direct_abstract_declarator T_LBRACK T_RBRACK {
1418 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1419 	  }
1420 	| direct_abstract_declarator T_LBRACK T_ASTERISK T_RBRACK { /* C99 */
1421 		$$ = add_array($1, false, 0);
1422 	  }
1423 	| direct_abstract_declarator T_LBRACK array_size T_RBRACK {
1424 		$$ = add_array($1, true, to_int_constant($3, false));
1425 	  }
1426 	| abstract_decl_param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1427 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename(abstract_name(), $2), $1);
1428 		end_declaration_level();
1429 		block_level--;
1430 	  }
1431 	| direct_abstract_declarator abstract_decl_param_list
1432 	    asm_or_symbolrename_opt {
1433 		$$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2);
1434 		end_declaration_level();
1435 		block_level--;
1436 	  }
1437 	| direct_abstract_declarator type_attribute_list
1438 	;
1439 
1440 abstract_decl_param_list:	/* specific to lint */
1441 	  abstract_decl_lparen T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt {
1442 		$$ = NULL;
1443 	  }
1444 	| abstract_decl_lparen vararg_parameter_type_list T_RPAREN
1445 	    type_attribute_opt {
1446 		dcs->d_proto = true;
1447 		$$ = $2;
1448 	  }
1449 	| abstract_decl_lparen error T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt {
1450 		$$ = NULL;
1451 	  }
1452 	;
1453 
1454 abstract_decl_lparen:		/* specific to lint */
1455 	  T_LPAREN {
1456 		block_level++;
1457 		begin_declaration_level(PROTO_ARG);
1458 	  }
1459 	;
1460 
1461 vararg_parameter_type_list:	/* specific to lint */
1462 	  parameter_type_list
1463 	| parameter_type_list T_COMMA T_ELLIPSIS {
1464 		dcs->d_vararg = true;
1465 		$$ = $1;
1466 	  }
1467 	| T_ELLIPSIS {
1468 		if (sflag) {
1469 			/* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */
1470 			error(84);
1471 		} else if (!tflag) {
1472 			/* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */
1473 			warning(84);
1474 		}
1475 		dcs->d_vararg = true;
1476 		$$ = NULL;
1477 	  }
1478 	;
1479 
1480 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks different. */
1481 parameter_type_list:
1482 	  parameter_declaration
1483 	| parameter_type_list T_COMMA parameter_declaration {
1484 		$$ = lnklst($1, $3);
1485 	  }
1486 	;
1487 
1488 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks completely different. */
1489 parameter_declaration:
1490 	  begin_type_declmods end_type {
1491 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
1492 		$$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false);
1493 	  }
1494 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type {
1495 		$$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false);
1496 	  }
1497 	| begin_type_declmods end_type notype_param_declarator {
1498 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
1499 		$$ = declare_argument($3, false);
1500 	  }
1501 	/*
1502 	 * type_param_declarator is needed because of following conflict:
1503 	 * "typedef int a; f(int (a));" could be parsed as
1504 	 * "function with argument a of type int", or
1505 	 * "function with an abstract argument of type function".
1506 	 * This grammar realizes the second case.
1507 	 */
1508 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_param_declarator {
1509 		$$ = declare_argument($3, false);
1510 	  }
1511 	| begin_type_declmods end_type abstract_declarator {
1512 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
1513 		$$ = declare_argument($3, false);
1514 	  }
1515 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type abstract_declarator {
1516 		$$ = declare_argument($3, false);
1517 	  }
1518 	;
1519 
1520 initializer:			/* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */
1521 	  assignment_expression {
1522 		init_expr($1);
1523 	  }
1524 	| init_lbrace init_rbrace {
1525 		/* XXX: Empty braces are not covered by C99 6.7.8. */
1526 	  }
1527 	| init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace
1528 	  /* XXX: What is this error handling for? */
1529 	| error
1530 	;
1531 
1532 initializer_list:		/* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */
1533 	  initializer_list_item
1534 	| initializer_list T_COMMA initializer_list_item
1535 	;
1536 
1537 initializer_list_item:		/* helper */
1538 	  designation initializer
1539 	| initializer
1540 	;
1541 
1542 designation:			/* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */
1543 	  designator_list T_ASSIGN
1544 	| identifier T_COLON {
1545 		/* GCC style struct or union member name in initializer */
1546 		gnuism(315);
1547 		add_designator_member($1);
1548 	  }
1549 	;
1550 
1551 designator_list:		/* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */
1552 	  designator
1553 	| designator_list designator
1554 	;
1555 
1556 designator:			/* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */
1557 	  T_LBRACK range T_RBRACK {
1558 		add_designator_subscript($2);
1559 		if (!Sflag)
1560 			/* array initializer with des.s is a C9X feature */
1561 			warning(321);
1562 	  }
1563 	| T_POINT identifier {
1564 		if (!Sflag)
1565 			/* struct or union member name in initializer is ... */
1566 			warning(313);
1567 		add_designator_member($2);
1568 	  }
1569 	;
1570 
1571 range:
1572 	  constant_expr {
1573 		$$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true);
1574 		$$.hi = $$.lo;
1575 	  }
1576 	| constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr {
1577 		$$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true);
1578 		$$.hi = to_int_constant($3, true);
1579 		/* initialization with '[a...b]' is a GCC extension */
1580 		gnuism(340);
1581 	  }
1582 	;
1583 
1584 init_lbrace:			/* helper */
1585 	  T_LBRACE {
1586 		init_lbrace();
1587 	  }
1588 	;
1589 
1590 init_rbrace:			/* helper */
1591 	  T_RBRACE {
1592 		init_rbrace();
1593 	  }
1594 	;
1595 
1596 asm_or_symbolrename_opt:	/* GCC extensions */
1597 	  /* empty */ {
1598 		$$ = NULL;
1599 	  }
1600 	| T_ASM T_LPAREN T_STRING T_RPAREN gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1601 		freeyyv(&$3, T_STRING);
1602 		$$ = NULL;
1603 	  }
1604 	| T_SYMBOLRENAME T_LPAREN T_NAME T_RPAREN gcc_attribute_list_opt {
1605 		$$ = $3;
1606 	  }
1607 	;
1608 
1609 statement:			/* C99 6.8 */
1610 	  expression_statement
1611 	| non_expr_statement
1612 	;
1613 
1614 non_expr_statement:		/* helper for C99 6.8 */
1615 	  type_attribute T_SEMI
1616 	| labeled_statement
1617 	| compound_statement
1618 	| selection_statement
1619 	| iteration_statement
1620 	| jump_statement {
1621 		seen_fallthrough = false;
1622 	  }
1623 	| asm_statement
1624 	;
1625 
1626 labeled_statement:		/* C99 6.8.1 */
1627 	  label type_attribute_opt statement
1628 	;
1629 
1630 label:
1631 	  T_NAME T_COLON {
1632 		symtyp = FLABEL;
1633 		named_label(getsym($1));
1634 	  }
1635 	| T_CASE constant_expr T_COLON {
1636 		case_label($2);
1637 		seen_fallthrough = true;
1638 	  }
1639 	| T_CASE constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr T_COLON {
1640 		/* XXX: We don't fill all cases */
1641 		case_label($2);
1642 		seen_fallthrough = true;
1643 	  }
1644 	| T_DEFAULT T_COLON {
1645 		default_label();
1646 		seen_fallthrough = true;
1647 	  }
1648 	;
1649 
1650 compound_statement:		/* C99 6.8.2 */
1651 	  compound_statement_lbrace compound_statement_rbrace
1652 	| compound_statement_lbrace block_item_list compound_statement_rbrace
1653 	;
1654 
1655 compound_statement_lbrace:
1656 	  T_LBRACE {
1657 		block_level++;
1658 		mem_block_level++;
1659 		begin_declaration_level(AUTO);
1660 	  }
1661 	;
1662 
1663 compound_statement_rbrace:
1664 	  T_RBRACE {
1665 		end_declaration_level();
1666 		freeblk();
1667 		mem_block_level--;
1668 		block_level--;
1669 		seen_fallthrough = false;
1670 	  }
1671 	;
1672 
1673 block_item_list:		/* C99 6.8.2 */
1674 	  block_item
1675 	| block_item_list block_item {
1676 		if (!Sflag && $1 && !$2)
1677 			/* declarations after statements is a C99 feature */
1678 			c99ism(327);
1679 		$$ = $1 || $2;
1680 	  }
1681 	;
1682 
1683 block_item:			/* C99 6.8.2 */
1684 	  declaration_or_error {
1685 		$$ = false;
1686 		restore_warning_flags();
1687 	  }
1688 	| statement {
1689 		$$ = true;
1690 		restore_warning_flags();
1691 	  }
1692 	;
1693 
1694 expression_statement:		/* C99 6.8.3 */
1695 	  expression T_SEMI {
1696 		expr($1, false, false, false, false);
1697 		seen_fallthrough = false;
1698 	  }
1699 	| T_SEMI {
1700 		seen_fallthrough = false;
1701 	  }
1702 	;
1703 
1704 selection_statement:		/* C99 6.8.4 */
1705 	  if_without_else %prec T_THEN {
1706 		save_warning_flags();
1707 		if2();
1708 		if3(false);
1709 	  }
1710 	| if_without_else T_ELSE {
1711 		save_warning_flags();
1712 		if2();
1713 	  } statement {
1714 		clear_warning_flags();
1715 		if3(true);
1716 	  }
1717 	| if_without_else T_ELSE error {
1718 		clear_warning_flags();
1719 		if3(false);
1720 	  }
1721 	| switch_expr statement {
1722 		clear_warning_flags();
1723 		switch2();
1724 	  }
1725 	| switch_expr error {
1726 		clear_warning_flags();
1727 		switch2();
1728 	  }
1729 	;
1730 
1731 if_without_else:		/* see C99 6.8.4 */
1732 	  if_expr statement
1733 	| if_expr error
1734 	;
1735 
1736 if_expr:			/* see C99 6.8.4 */
1737 	  T_IF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN {
1738 		if1($3);
1739 		clear_warning_flags();
1740 	  }
1741 	;
1742 
1743 switch_expr:			/* see C99 6.8.4 */
1744 	  T_SWITCH T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN {
1745 		switch1($3);
1746 		clear_warning_flags();
1747 	  }
1748 	;
1749 
1750 iteration_statement:		/* C99 6.8.5 */
1751 	  while_expr statement {
1752 		clear_warning_flags();
1753 		while2();
1754 	  }
1755 	| while_expr error {
1756 		clear_warning_flags();
1757 		while2();
1758 	  }
1759 	| do_statement do_while_expr {
1760 		do2($2);
1761 		seen_fallthrough = false;
1762 	  }
1763 	| do error {
1764 		clear_warning_flags();
1765 		do2(NULL);
1766 	  }
1767 	| for_exprs statement {
1768 		clear_warning_flags();
1769 		for2();
1770 		end_declaration_level();
1771 		block_level--;
1772 	  }
1773 	| for_exprs error {
1774 		clear_warning_flags();
1775 		for2();
1776 		end_declaration_level();
1777 		block_level--;
1778 	  }
1779 	;
1780 
1781 while_expr:			/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1782 	  T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN {
1783 		while1($3);
1784 		clear_warning_flags();
1785 	  }
1786 	;
1787 
1788 do_statement:			/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1789 	  do statement {
1790 		clear_warning_flags();
1791 	  }
1792 	;
1793 
1794 do:				/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1795 	  T_DO {
1796 		do1();
1797 	  }
1798 	;
1799 
1800 do_while_expr:			/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1801 	  T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN T_SEMI {
1802 		$$ = $3;
1803 	  }
1804 	;
1805 
1806 for_start:			/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1807 	  T_FOR T_LPAREN {
1808 		begin_declaration_level(AUTO);
1809 		block_level++;
1810 	  }
1811 	;
1812 
1813 for_exprs:			/* see C99 6.8.5 */
1814 	  for_start
1815 	    begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type
1816 	    notype_init_declarators T_SEMI
1817 	    expression_opt T_SEMI expression_opt T_RPAREN {
1818 		/* variable declaration in for loop */
1819 		c99ism(325);
1820 		for1(NULL, $6, $8);
1821 		clear_warning_flags();
1822 	    }
1823 	  | for_start
1824 	      expression_opt T_SEMI
1825 	      expression_opt T_SEMI
1826 	      expression_opt T_RPAREN {
1827 		for1($2, $4, $6);
1828 		clear_warning_flags();
1829 	  }
1830 	;
1831 
1832 jump_statement:			/* C99 6.8.6 */
1833 	  goto identifier T_SEMI {
1834 		do_goto(getsym($2));
1835 	  }
1836 	| goto error T_SEMI {
1837 		symtyp = FVFT;
1838 	  }
1839 	| T_CONTINUE T_SEMI {
1840 		do_continue();
1841 	  }
1842 	| T_BREAK T_SEMI {
1843 		do_break();
1844 	  }
1845 	| T_RETURN T_SEMI {
1846 		do_return(NULL);
1847 	  }
1848 	| T_RETURN expression T_SEMI {
1849 		do_return($2);
1850 	  }
1851 	;
1852 
1853 goto:				/* see C99 6.8.6 */
1854 	  T_GOTO {
1855 		symtyp = FLABEL;
1856 	  }
1857 	;
1858 
1859 asm_statement:			/* GCC extension */
1860 	  T_ASM T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI {
1861 		setasm();
1862 	  }
1863 	| T_ASM T_QUAL T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI {
1864 		setasm();
1865 	  }
1866 	| T_ASM error
1867 	;
1868 
1869 read_until_rparen:		/* helper for 'asm_statement' */
1870 	  /* empty */ {
1871 		read_until_rparen();
1872 	  }
1873 	;
1874 
1875 translation_unit:		/* C99 6.9 */
1876 	  external_declaration
1877 	| translation_unit external_declaration
1878 	;
1879 
1880 external_declaration:		/* C99 6.9 */
1881 	  function_definition {
1882 		global_clean_up_decl(false);
1883 		clear_warning_flags();
1884 	  }
1885 	| top_level_declaration {
1886 		global_clean_up_decl(false);
1887 		clear_warning_flags();
1888 	  }
1889 	| asm_statement		/* GCC extension */
1890 	| T_SEMI {		/* GCC extension */
1891 		if (sflag) {
1892 			/* empty declaration */
1893 			error(0);
1894 		} else if (!tflag) {
1895 			/* empty declaration */
1896 			warning(0);
1897 		}
1898 	  }
1899 	;
1900 
1901 /*
1902  * On the top level, lint allows several forms of declarations that it doesn't
1903  * allow in functions.  For example, a single ';' is an empty declaration and
1904  * is supported by some compilers, but in a function it would be an empty
1905  * statement, not a declaration.  This makes a difference in C90 mode, where
1906  * a statement must not be followed by a declaration.
1907  *
1908  * See 'declaration' for all other declarations.
1909  */
1910 top_level_declaration:		/* C99 6.9 calls this 'declaration' */
1911 	  begin_type end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI {
1912 		if (sflag) {
1913 			/* old style declaration; add 'int' */
1914 			error(1);
1915 		} else if (!tflag) {
1916 			/* old style declaration; add 'int' */
1917 			warning(1);
1918 		}
1919 	  }
1920 	| declaration
1921 	| error T_SEMI {
1922 		global_clean_up();
1923 	  }
1924 	| error T_RBRACE {
1925 		global_clean_up();
1926 	  }
1927 	;
1928 
1929 function_definition:		/* C99 6.9.1 */
1930 	  func_declarator {
1931 		if ($1->s_type->t_tspec != FUNC) {
1932 			/* syntax error '%s' */
1933 			error(249, yytext);
1934 			YYERROR;
1935 		}
1936 		if ($1->s_type->t_typedef) {
1937 			/* ()-less function definition */
1938 			error(64);
1939 			YYERROR;
1940 		}
1941 		funcdef($1);
1942 		block_level++;
1943 		begin_declaration_level(ARG);
1944 		if (lwarn == LWARN_NONE)
1945 			$1->s_used = true;
1946 	  } arg_declaration_list_opt {
1947 		end_declaration_level();
1948 		block_level--;
1949 		check_func_lint_directives();
1950 		check_func_old_style_arguments();
1951 		begin_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY);
1952 	  } compound_statement {
1953 		funcend();
1954 		end_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY);
1955 	  }
1956 	;
1957 
1958 func_declarator:
1959 	  begin_type end_type notype_declarator {
1960 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
1961 		$$ = $3;
1962 	  }
1963 	| begin_type_declmods end_type notype_declarator {
1964 		/* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */
1965 		$$ = $3;
1966 	  }
1967 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_declarator {
1968 		$$ = $3;
1969 	  }
1970 	;
1971 
1972 arg_declaration_list_opt:	/* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */
1973 	  /* empty */
1974 	| arg_declaration_list
1975 	;
1976 
1977 arg_declaration_list:		/* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */
1978 	  arg_declaration
1979 	| arg_declaration_list arg_declaration
1980 	/* XXX or better "arg_declaration error" ? */
1981 	| error
1982 	;
1983 
1984 /*
1985  * "arg_declaration" is separated from "declaration" because it
1986  * needs other error handling.
1987  */
1988 arg_declaration:
1989 	  begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI {
1990 		/* empty declaration */
1991 		warning(2);
1992 	  }
1993 	| begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI
1994 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI {
1995 		if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) {
1996 			/* empty declaration */
1997 			warning(2);
1998 		} else {
1999 			/* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */
2000 			warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type));
2001 		}
2002 	  }
2003 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type
2004 	    type_init_declarators T_SEMI {
2005 		if (dcs->d_nonempty_decl) {
2006 			/* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */
2007 			warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type));
2008 		}
2009 	  }
2010 	| begin_type_declmods error
2011 	| begin_type_declaration_specifiers error
2012 	;
2013 
2014 gcc_attribute_list_opt:
2015 	  /* empty */
2016 	| gcc_attribute_list
2017 	;
2018 
2019 gcc_attribute_list:
2020 	  gcc_attribute
2021 	| gcc_attribute_list gcc_attribute
2022 	;
2023 
2024 gcc_attribute:
2025 	  T_ATTRIBUTE T_LPAREN T_LPAREN {
2026 	    attron = true;
2027 	  } gcc_attribute_spec_list {
2028 	    attron = false;
2029 	  } T_RPAREN T_RPAREN
2030 	;
2031 
2032 gcc_attribute_spec_list:
2033 	  gcc_attribute_spec
2034 	| gcc_attribute_spec_list T_COMMA gcc_attribute_spec
2035 	;
2036 
2037 gcc_attribute_spec:
2038 	  /* empty */
2039 	| T_AT_ALWAYS_INLINE
2040 	| T_AT_ALIAS T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2041 	| T_AT_ALIGNED T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2042 	| T_AT_ALIGNED
2043 	| T_AT_ALLOC_SIZE T_LPAREN constant_expr T_COMMA constant_expr T_RPAREN
2044 	| T_AT_ALLOC_SIZE T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2045 	| T_AT_BOUNDED T_LPAREN gcc_attribute_bounded
2046 	  T_COMMA constant_expr T_COMMA constant_expr T_RPAREN
2047 	| T_AT_COLD
2048 	| T_AT_COMMON
2049 	| T_AT_CONSTRUCTOR T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2050 	| T_AT_CONSTRUCTOR
2051 	| T_AT_DEPRECATED T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2052 	| T_AT_DEPRECATED
2053 	| T_AT_DESTRUCTOR T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2054 	| T_AT_DESTRUCTOR
2055 	| T_AT_FALLTHROUGH {
2056 		fallthru(1);
2057 	  }
2058 	| T_AT_FORMAT T_LPAREN gcc_attribute_format T_COMMA
2059 	    constant_expr T_COMMA constant_expr T_RPAREN
2060 	| T_AT_FORMAT_ARG T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2061 	| T_AT_GNU_INLINE
2062 	| T_AT_HOT
2063 	| T_AT_MALLOC
2064 	| T_AT_MAY_ALIAS
2065 	| T_AT_MODE T_LPAREN T_NAME T_RPAREN
2066 	| T_AT_NOINLINE
2067 	| T_AT_NONNULL T_LPAREN constant_expr_list_opt T_RPAREN
2068 	| T_AT_NONNULL
2069 	| T_AT_NONSTRING
2070 	| T_AT_NORETURN
2071 	| T_AT_NOTHROW
2072 	| T_AT_NO_INSTRUMENT_FUNCTION
2073 	| T_AT_OPTIMIZE T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2074 	| T_AT_PACKED {
2075 		addpacked();
2076 	  }
2077 	| T_AT_PCS T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2078 	| T_AT_PURE
2079 	| T_AT_RETURNS_TWICE
2080 	| T_AT_SECTION T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2081 	| T_AT_SENTINEL T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2082 	| T_AT_SENTINEL
2083 	| T_AT_TLS_MODEL T_LPAREN string T_RPAREN
2084 	| T_AT_TUNION
2085 	| T_AT_UNUSED {
2086 		add_attr_used();
2087 	  }
2088 	| T_AT_USED {
2089 		add_attr_used();
2090 	  }
2091 	| T_AT_VISIBILITY T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN
2092 	| T_AT_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
2093 	| T_AT_WEAK
2094 	| T_QUAL {
2095 		if ($1 != CONST)
2096 			yyerror("Bad attribute");
2097 	  }
2098 	;
2099 
2100 gcc_attribute_bounded:
2101 	  T_AT_MINBYTES
2102 	| T_AT_STRING
2103 	| T_AT_BUFFER
2104 	;
2105 
2106 gcc_attribute_format:
2107 	  T_AT_FORMAT_GNU_PRINTF
2108 	| T_AT_FORMAT_PRINTF
2109 	| T_AT_FORMAT_SCANF
2110 	| T_AT_FORMAT_STRFMON
2111 	| T_AT_FORMAT_STRFTIME
2112 	| T_AT_FORMAT_SYSLOG
2113 	;
2114 
2115 %%
2116 
2117 /* ARGSUSED */
2118 int
2119 yyerror(const char *msg)
2120 {
2121 	/* syntax error '%s' */
2122 	error(249, yytext);
2123 	if (++sytxerr >= 5)
2124 		norecover();
2125 	return 0;
2126 }
2127 
2128 #if (defined(YYDEBUG) && YYDEBUG > 0 && defined(YYBYACC)) \
2129     || (defined(YYDEBUG) && defined(YYBISON))
2130 static const char *
2131 cgram_to_string(int token, YYSTYPE val)
2132 {
2133 	static const char *tqual_name[] = {
2134 		"const", "volatile", "restrict", "_Thread_local"
2135 	};
2136 
2137 	switch (token) {
2138 	case T_INCDEC:
2139 	case T_MULTIPLICATIVE:
2140 	case T_ADDITIVE:
2141 	case T_SHIFT:
2142 	case T_RELATIONAL:
2143 	case T_EQUALITY:
2144 	case T_OPASSIGN:
2145 		return modtab[val.y_op].m_name;
2146 	case T_SCLASS:
2147 		return scl_name(val.y_scl);
2148 	case T_TYPE:
2149 	case T_STRUCT_OR_UNION:
2150 		return tspec_name(val.y_tspec);
2151 	case T_QUAL:
2152 		return tqual_name[val.y_tqual];
2153 	case T_NAME:
2154 		return val.y_name->sb_name;
2155 	default:
2156 		return "<none>";
2157 	}
2158 }
2159 #endif
2160 
2161 #if defined(YYDEBUG) && defined(YYBISON)
2162 static void
2163 cgram_print(FILE *output, int token, YYSTYPE val)
2164 {
2165 	fprintf(output, "%s", cgram_to_string(token, val));
2166 }
2167 #endif
2168 
2169 static void
2170 cgram_declare(sym_t *decl, bool initflg, sbuf_t *renaming)
2171 {
2172 	declare(decl, initflg, renaming);
2173 	if (renaming != NULL)
2174 		freeyyv(&renaming, T_NAME);
2175 }
2176 
2177 /*
2178  * Discard all input tokens up to and including the next
2179  * unmatched right paren
2180  */
2181 static void
2182 read_until_rparen(void)
2183 {
2184 	int	level;
2185 
2186 	if (yychar < 0)
2187 		yychar = yylex();
2188 	freeyyv(&yylval, yychar);
2189 
2190 	level = 1;
2191 	while (yychar != T_RPAREN || --level > 0) {
2192 		if (yychar == T_LPAREN) {
2193 			level++;
2194 		} else if (yychar <= 0) {
2195 			break;
2196 		}
2197 		freeyyv(&yylval, yychar = yylex());
2198 	}
2199 
2200 	yyclearin;
2201 }
2202 
2203 static	sym_t *
2204 symbolrename(sym_t *s, sbuf_t *sb)
2205 {
2206 	if (sb != NULL)
2207 		s->s_rename = sb->sb_name;
2208 	return s;
2209 }
2210