xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision daf6c4152fcddc27c445489775ed1f66ab4ea9a9)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.34 2011/02/16 23:08:29 christos Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Brown.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
33 #include "nbtool_config.h"
34 #endif
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if !defined(lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.34 2011/02/16 23:08:29 christos Exp $");
39 #endif
40 
41 #if ! HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
42 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 1
43 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 1
44 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME 1
45 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC 1
46 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 1
47 #define HAVE_DEVNAME 1
48 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
49 
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 #include <sys/stat.h>
52 
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <err.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <grp.h>
57 #include <limits.h>
58 #include <pwd.h>
59 #include <stdio.h>
60 #include <stdlib.h>
61 #include <string.h>
62 #include <time.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 
65 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
66 #define DEF_F "%#Xf "
67 #define RAW_F "%f "
68 #define SHELL_F " st_flags=%f"
69 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
70 #define DEF_F
71 #define RAW_F
72 #define SHELL_F
73 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
74 
75 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
76 #define DEF_B "\"%SB\" "
77 #define RAW_B "%B "
78 #define SHELL_B "st_birthtime=%B "
79 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
80 #define DEF_B
81 #define RAW_B
82 #define SHELL_B
83 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
84 
85 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM
86 #define st_atimespec st_atim
87 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
88 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
89 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM */
90 
91 #define DEF_FORMAT \
92 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" " DEF_B \
93 	"%k %b " DEF_F "%N"
94 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c " RAW_B \
95 	"%k %b " RAW_F "%N"
96 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
97 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
98 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
99 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
100 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
101 	"st_atime=%a st_mtime=%m st_ctime=%c " SHELL_B \
102 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b" SHELL_F
103 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
104 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
105 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
106 	"  Mode: (%04OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
107 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
108 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
109 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
110 	"Change: %Sc"
111 
112 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
113 
114 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
115 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
116 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
117 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
118 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
119 
120 /*
121  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
122  */
123 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
124 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
125 
126 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
127 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
128 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
129 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
130 
131 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
132 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
133 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
134 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
135 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
136 
137 #define FMT_DECIMAL 	'D'
138 #define FMT_OCTAL 	'O'
139 #define FMT_UNSIGNED 	'U'
140 #define FMT_HEX 	'X'
141 #define FMT_FLOAT 	'F'
142 #define FMT_STRING 	'S'
143 
144 #define FMTF_DECIMAL	0x01
145 #define FMTF_OCTAL	0x02
146 #define FMTF_UNSIGNED	0x04
147 #define FMTF_HEX	0x08
148 #define FMTF_FLOAT	0x10
149 #define FMTF_STRING	0x20
150 
151 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
152 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
153 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
154 
155 #define	SHOW_realpath	'R'
156 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
157 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
158 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
159 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
160 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
161 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
162 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
163 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
164 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
165 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
166 #define SHOW_st_btime	'B'
167 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
168 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
169 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
170 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
171 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
172 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
173 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
174 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
175 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
176 
177 void	usage(const char *);
178 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
179 	    const char *, int, int, int);
180 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
181 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
182 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
183 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
184 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
185 	    int, int, int);
186 
187 const char *timefmt;
188 int linkfail;
189 
190 #define addchar(s, c, nl) \
191 	do { \
192 		(void)fputc((c), (s)); \
193 		(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
194 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
195 
196 int
197 main(int argc, char *argv[])
198 {
199 	struct stat st;
200 	int ch, rc, errs, am_readlink;
201 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, fn, nonl, quiet;
202 	const char *statfmt, *options, *synopsis;
203 
204 	am_readlink = 0;
205 	lsF = 0;
206 	fmtchar = '\0';
207 	usestat = 0;
208 	nonl = 0;
209 	quiet = 0;
210 	linkfail = 0;
211 	statfmt = NULL;
212 	timefmt = NULL;
213 
214 	setprogname(argv[0]);
215 
216 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "readlink") == 0) {
217 		am_readlink = 1;
218 		options = "fnqsv";
219 		synopsis = "[-fnqsv] [file ...]";
220 		statfmt = "%Y";
221 		fmtchar = 'f';
222 		quiet = 1;
223 	} else {
224 		options = "f:FlLnqrst:x";
225 		synopsis = "[-FlLnqrsx] [-f format] [-t timefmt] [file ...]";
226 	}
227 
228 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1)
229 		switch (ch) {
230 		case 'F':
231 			lsF = 1;
232 			break;
233 		case 'L':
234 			usestat = 1;
235 			break;
236 		case 'n':
237 			nonl = 1;
238 			break;
239 		case 'q':
240 			quiet = 1;
241 			break;
242 		case 'f':
243 			if (am_readlink) {
244 				statfmt = "%R";
245 				break;
246 			}
247 			statfmt = optarg;
248 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
249 		case 'l':
250 		case 'r':
251 		case 's':
252 			if (am_readlink) {
253 				quiet = 1;
254 				break;
255 			}
256 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
257 		case 'x':
258 			if (fmtchar != 0)
259 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
260 				    fmtchar, ch);
261 			fmtchar = ch;
262 			break;
263 		case 't':
264 			timefmt = optarg;
265 			break;
266 		case 'v':
267 			quiet = 0;
268 			break;
269 		default:
270 			usage(synopsis);
271 		}
272 
273 	argc -= optind;
274 	argv += optind;
275 	fn = 1;
276 
277 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
278 		if (lsF)
279 			fmtchar = 'l';
280 		else {
281 			fmtchar = 'f';
282 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
283 		}
284 	}
285 
286 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
287 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
288 
289 	switch (fmtchar) {
290 	case 'f':
291 		/* statfmt already set */
292 		break;
293 	case 'l':
294 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
295 		break;
296 	case 'r':
297 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
298 		break;
299 	case 's':
300 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
301 		break;
302 	case 'x':
303 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
304 		if (timefmt == NULL)
305 			timefmt = "%c";
306 		break;
307 	default:
308 		usage(synopsis);
309 		/*NOTREACHED*/
310 	}
311 
312 	if (timefmt == NULL)
313 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
314 
315 	errs = 0;
316 	do {
317 		if (argc == 0)
318 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
319 		else if (usestat) {
320 			/*
321 			 * Try stat() and if it fails, fall back to
322 			 * lstat() just in case we're examining a
323 			 * broken symlink.
324 			 */
325 			if ((rc = stat(argv[0], &st)) == -1 &&
326 			    errno == ENOENT &&
327 			    (rc = lstat(argv[0], &st)) == -1)
328 				errno = ENOENT;
329 		}
330 		else
331 			rc = lstat(argv[0], &st);
332 
333 		if (rc == -1) {
334 			errs = 1;
335 			linkfail = 1;
336 			if (!quiet)
337 				warn("%s: %s",
338 				    argc == 0 ? "(stdin)" : argv[0],
339 				    usestat ? "stat" : "lstat");
340 		}
341 		else
342 			output(&st, argv[0], statfmt, fn, nonl, quiet);
343 
344 		argv++;
345 		argc--;
346 		fn++;
347 	} while (argc > 0);
348 
349 	return (am_readlink ? linkfail : errs);
350 }
351 
352 void
353 usage(const char *synopsis)
354 {
355 
356 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", getprogname(), synopsis);
357 	exit(1);
358 }
359 
360 /*
361  * Parses a format string.
362  */
363 void
364 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
365     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl, int quiet)
366 {
367 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
368 	char buf[PATH_MAX + 4 + 1];
369 	const char *subfmt;
370 	int nl, t, i;
371 
372 	nl = 1;
373 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
374 
375 		/*
376 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
377 		 */
378 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
379 			addchar(stdout, *statfmt, &nl);
380 			statfmt++;
381 			continue;
382 		}
383 
384 		/*
385 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
386 		 * and then we skip the magic.
387 		 */
388 		subfmt = statfmt;
389 		statfmt++;
390 
391 		/*
392 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
393 		 */
394 		switch (*statfmt) {
395 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
396 			addchar(stdout, '\n', &nl);
397 			statfmt++;
398 			continue;
399 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
400 			addchar(stdout, '\t', &nl);
401 			statfmt++;
402 			continue;
403 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
404 			addchar(stdout, '%', &nl);
405 			statfmt++;
406 			continue;
407 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
408 			char num[12], *p;
409 
410 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
411 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
412 				addchar(stdout, *p, &nl);
413 			statfmt++;
414 			continue;
415 		}
416 		}
417 
418 		/*
419 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
420 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
421 		 * the form:
422 		 *
423 		 *	%	required start of format
424 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
425 		 *	size	opt. field width
426 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
427 		 *	prec	opt. precision
428 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
429 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
430 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
431 		 *
432 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
433 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
434 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
435 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
436 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
437 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
438 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
439 		 */
440 		flags = 0;
441 		do {
442 			if      (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
443 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
444 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
445 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
446 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
447 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
448 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
449 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
450 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
451 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
452 			else
453 				break;
454 			statfmt++;
455 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
456 
457 		size = -1;
458 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
459 			size = 0;
460 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
461 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
462 				statfmt++;
463 				if (size < 0)
464 					goto badfmt;
465 			}
466 		}
467 
468 		prec = -1;
469 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
470 			statfmt++;
471 
472 			prec = 0;
473 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
474 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
475 				statfmt++;
476 				if (prec < 0)
477 					goto badfmt;
478 			}
479 		}
480 
481 #define fmtcase(x, y)		case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
482 #define fmtcasef(x, y, z)	case (y): (x) = (z); statfmt++; break
483 		switch (*statfmt) {
484 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL,	FMTF_DECIMAL);
485 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL,	FMTF_OCTAL);
486 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED,	FMTF_UNSIGNED);
487 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_HEX,		FMTF_HEX);
488 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT,	FMTF_FLOAT);
489 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_STRING,	FMTF_STRING);
490 		default:
491 			ofmt = 0;
492 			break;
493 		}
494 
495 		switch (*statfmt) {
496 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
497 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
498 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
499 		default:
500 			hilo = 0;
501 			break;
502 		}
503 
504 		switch (*statfmt) {
505 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_realpath);
506 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
507 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
508 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
509 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
510 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
511 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
512 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
513 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
514 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
515 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
516 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_btime);
517 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
518 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
519 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
520 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
521 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
522 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
523 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
524 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
525 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
526 		default:
527 			goto badfmt;
528 		}
529 #undef fmtcasef
530 #undef fmtcase
531 
532 		t = format1(st,
533 		     file,
534 		     subfmt, statfmt - subfmt,
535 		     buf, sizeof(buf),
536 		     flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what, quiet);
537 
538 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < (int)(sizeof(buf) - 1); i++)
539 			addchar(stdout, buf[i], &nl);
540 
541 		continue;
542 
543 	badfmt:
544 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
545 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
546 	}
547 
548 	if (!nl && !nonl)
549 		(void)fputc('\n', stdout);
550 	(void)fflush(stdout);
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
555  */
556 int
557 format1(const struct stat *st,
558     const char *file,
559     const char *fmt, int flen,
560     char *buf, size_t blen,
561     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
562     int hilo, int what, int quiet)
563 {
564 	u_int64_t data;
565 	char *stmp, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
566 	const char *sdata;
567 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[PATH_MAX + 4];
568 	struct passwd *pw;
569 	struct group *gr;
570 	struct tm *tm;
571 	time_t secs;
572 	long nsecs;
573 	int l, small, formats, gottime, shift;
574 
575 	formats = 0;
576 	small = 0;
577 	gottime = 0;
578 	secs = 0;
579 	nsecs = 0;
580 	shift = 0;
581 
582 	/*
583 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
584 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
585 	 */
586 	switch (what) {
587 	case SHOW_st_dev:
588 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
589 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
590 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
591 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
592 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
593 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
594 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
595 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
596 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
597 		    0U);
598 		if (sdata == NULL)
599 			sdata = "???";
600 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
601 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
602 			data = major(data);
603 			hilo = 0;
604 		}
605 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
606 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
607 			hilo = 0;
608 		}
609 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
610 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
611 		    FMTF_STRING;
612 #else /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
613 		    0;
614 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
615 		if (ofmt == 0)
616 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
617 		break;
618 	case SHOW_st_ino:
619 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
620 		data = st->st_ino;
621 		sdata = NULL;
622 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
623 		if (ofmt == 0)
624 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
625 		break;
626 	case SHOW_st_mode:
627 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
628 		data = st->st_mode;
629 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
630 		stmp = smode;
631 		l = strlen(stmp);
632 		if (stmp[l - 1] == ' ')
633 			stmp[--l] = '\0';
634 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
635 			data >>= 12;
636 			stmp += 1;
637 			stmp[3] = '\0';
638 			hilo = 0;
639 		}
640 		else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
641 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
642 			stmp += 4;
643 			stmp[3] = '\0';
644 			hilo = 0;
645 		}
646 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
647 			data &= 0777;
648 			stmp += 7;
649 			stmp[3] = '\0';
650 			hilo = 0;
651 		}
652 		sdata = stmp;
653 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
654 		    FMTF_STRING;
655 		if (ofmt == 0)
656 			ofmt = FMTF_OCTAL;
657 		break;
658 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
659 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
660 		data = st->st_nlink;
661 		sdata = NULL;
662 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
663 		if (ofmt == 0)
664 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
665 		break;
666 	case SHOW_st_uid:
667 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
668 		data = st->st_uid;
669 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
670 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
671 		else {
672 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
673 			sdata = sid;
674 		}
675 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
676 		    FMTF_STRING;
677 		if (ofmt == 0)
678 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
679 		break;
680 	case SHOW_st_gid:
681 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
682 		data = st->st_gid;
683 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
684 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
685 		else {
686 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
687 			sdata = sid;
688 		}
689 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
690 		    FMTF_STRING;
691 		if (ofmt == 0)
692 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
693 		break;
694 	case SHOW_st_atime:
695 		gottime = 1;
696 		secs = st->st_atime;
697 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
698 		nsecs = st->st_atimensec;
699 #endif
700 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
701 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
702 		if (!gottime) {
703 			gottime = 1;
704 			secs = st->st_mtime;
705 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
706 			nsecs = st->st_mtimensec;
707 #endif
708 		}
709 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
710 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
711 		if (!gottime) {
712 			gottime = 1;
713 			secs = st->st_ctime;
714 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
715 			nsecs = st->st_ctimensec;
716 #endif
717 		}
718 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
719 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
720 	case SHOW_st_btime:
721 		if (!gottime) {
722 			gottime = 1;
723 			secs = st->st_birthtime;
724 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC
725 			nsecs = st->st_birthtimensec;
726 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC */
727 		}
728 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
729 		small = (sizeof(secs) == 4);
730 		data = secs;
731 		tm = localtime(&secs);
732 		if (tm == NULL) {
733 			secs = 0;
734 			tm = localtime(&secs);
735 		}
736 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
737 		sdata = path;
738 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
739 		    FMTF_FLOAT | FMTF_STRING;
740 		if (ofmt == 0)
741 			ofmt = FMTF_DECIMAL;
742 		break;
743 	case SHOW_st_size:
744 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
745 		data = st->st_size;
746 		sdata = NULL;
747 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
748 		if (ofmt == 0)
749 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
750 		switch (hilo) {
751 		case HIGH_PIECE:
752 			shift = 30;	/* gigabytes */
753 			hilo = 0;
754 			break;
755 		case MIDDLE_PIECE:
756 			shift = 20;	/* megabytes */
757 			hilo = 0;
758 			break;
759 		case LOW_PIECE:
760 			shift = 10;	/* kilobytes */
761 			hilo = 0;
762 			break;
763 		}
764 		break;
765 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
766 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
767 		data = st->st_blocks;
768 		sdata = NULL;
769 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
770 		if (ofmt == 0)
771 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
772 		break;
773 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
774 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
775 		data = st->st_blksize;
776 		sdata = NULL;
777 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
778 		if (ofmt == 0)
779 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
780 		break;
781 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
782 	case SHOW_st_flags:
783 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
784 		data = st->st_flags;
785 		sdata = NULL;
786 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
787 		if (ofmt == 0)
788 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
789 		break;
790 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
791 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
792 	case SHOW_st_gen:
793 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
794 		data = st->st_gen;
795 		sdata = NULL;
796 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
797 		if (ofmt == 0)
798 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
799 		break;
800 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN */
801 	case SHOW_realpath:
802 		small = 0;
803 		data = 0;
804 		if (file == NULL) {
805 			(void)strlcpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
806 			sdata = path;
807 		} else {
808 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
809 			if (realpath(file, path + 4) == NULL) {
810 				if (!quiet)
811 					warn("realpath `%s'", file);
812 				linkfail = 1;
813 				l = 0;
814 				path[0] = '\0';
815 			}
816 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
817 		}
818 
819 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
820 		if (ofmt == 0)
821 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
822 		break;
823 	case SHOW_symlink:
824 		small = 0;
825 		data = 0;
826 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
827 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
828 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4 - 1);
829 			if (l == -1) {
830 				if (!quiet)
831 					warn("readlink `%s'", file);
832 				linkfail = 1;
833 				l = 0;
834 				path[0] = '\0';
835 			}
836 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
837 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
838 		}
839 		else {
840 			linkfail = 1;
841 			sdata = "";
842 		}
843 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
844 		if (ofmt == 0)
845 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
846 		break;
847 	case SHOW_filetype:
848 		small = 0;
849 		data = 0;
850 		sdata = "";
851 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
852 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
853 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "|";			break;
854 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "/";			break;
855 			case S_IFREG:
856 				if (st->st_mode &
857 				    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
858 					sdata = "*";
859 				break;
860 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "@";			break;
861 #ifdef S_IFSOCK
862 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "=";			break;
863 #endif
864 #ifdef S_IFWHT
865 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "%";			break;
866 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
867 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
868 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = ">";			break;
869 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
870 			}
871 			hilo = 0;
872 		}
873 		else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
874 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
875 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
876 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
877 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
878 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
879 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
880 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
881 #ifdef S_IFSOCK
882 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
883 #endif
884 #ifdef S_IFWHT
885 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "Whiteout File";	break;
886 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
887 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
888 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = "Door";			break;
889 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
890 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
891 			}
892 			hilo = 0;
893 		}
894 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
895 		if (ofmt == 0)
896 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
897 		break;
898 	case SHOW_filename:
899 		small = 0;
900 		data = 0;
901 		if (file == NULL) {
902 			(void)strlcpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
903 			if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE || hilo == LOW_PIECE)
904 				hilo = 0;
905 		}
906 		else if (hilo == 0)
907 			(void)strlcpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
908 		else {
909 			char *s;
910 			(void)strlcpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
911 			s = strrchr(path, '/');
912 			if (s != NULL) {
913 				/* trim off trailing /'s */
914 				while (s != path &&
915 				    s[0] == '/' && s[1] == '\0')
916 					*s-- = '\0';
917 				s = strrchr(path, '/');
918 			}
919 			if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
920 				if (s == NULL)
921 					(void)strlcpy(path, ".", sizeof(path));
922 				else {
923 					while (s != path && s[0] == '/')
924 						*s-- = '\0';
925 				}
926 				hilo = 0;
927 			}
928 			else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
929 				if (s != NULL && s[1] != '\0')
930 					(void)strlcpy(path, s + 1,
931 						      sizeof(path));
932 				hilo = 0;
933 			}
934 		}
935 		sdata = path;
936 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
937 		if (ofmt == 0)
938 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
939 		break;
940 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
941 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
942 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
943 			int l1, l2;
944 
945 			l1 = format1(st,
946 			    file,
947 			    fmt, flen,
948 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev),
949 			    flags, size, prec,
950 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev, quiet);
951 			l2 = format1(st,
952 			    file,
953 			    fmt, flen,
954 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev),
955 			    flags, size, prec,
956 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev, quiet);
957 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
958 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev));
959 		}
960 		else {
961 			return (format1(st,
962 			    file,
963 			    fmt, flen,
964 			    buf, blen,
965 			    flags, size, prec,
966 			    ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size, quiet));
967 		}
968 		/*NOTREACHED*/
969 	default:
970 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
971 	}
972 
973 	/*
974 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
975 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
976 	 */
977 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
978 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
979 
980 	/*
981 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
982 	 */
983 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
984 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "%");
985 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
986 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "#");
987 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
988 		(void)strcat(lfmt, " ");
989 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
990 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "+");
991 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
992 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "-");
993 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
994 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "0");
995 
996 	/*
997 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
998 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
999 	 */
1000 	if (ofmt == FMTF_FLOAT) {
1001 		/*
1002 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
1003 		 */
1004 		if (prec == 0) {
1005 			if (size != -1) {
1006 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1007 				(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1008 			}
1009 			(void)strcat(lfmt, "lld");
1010 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt,
1011 			    (long long)secs));
1012 		}
1013 
1014 		/*
1015 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
1016 		 * 9 digits.
1017 		 */
1018 		if (prec == -1)
1019 			prec = 9;
1020 
1021 		/*
1022 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
1023 		 * that will follow.
1024 		 */
1025 		size -= prec + 1;
1026 
1027 		/*
1028 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
1029 		 */
1030 		if (size > 0) {
1031 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1032 			(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1033 		}
1034 		/* Seconds: time_t cast to long long. */
1035 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "lld");
1036 
1037 		/*
1038 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
1039 		 * filling.
1040 		 */
1041 		(void)strcat(lfmt, ".%0");
1042 
1043 		/*
1044 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
1045 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
1046 		 *
1047 		 * Nanoseconds: long.
1048 		 */
1049 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dld", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
1050 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1051 
1052 		/*
1053 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
1054 		 * less significant figures.
1055 		 */
1056 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
1057 			nsecs /= 10;
1058 
1059 		/*
1060 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
1061 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
1062 		 */
1063 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, (long long)secs, nsecs);
1064 		for (; prec > 9 && l < (int)blen; prec--, l++)
1065 			(void)strcat(buf, "0");
1066 		return (l);
1067 	}
1068 
1069 	/*
1070 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
1071 	 */
1072 	if (size != -1) {
1073 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1074 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1075 	}
1076 	if (prec != -1) {
1077 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
1078 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1079 	}
1080 
1081 	/*
1082 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
1083 	 */
1084 	if (ofmt == FMTF_STRING) {
1085 		if (sdata == NULL)
1086 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
1087 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "s");
1088 		return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata));
1089 	}
1090 
1091 	/*
1092 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
1093 	 * for some forms.
1094 	 */
1095 	if (small && ofmt != FMTF_DECIMAL)
1096 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
1097 
1098 	/*
1099 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
1100 	 */
1101 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "ll");
1102 	switch (ofmt) {
1103 	case FMTF_DECIMAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");	break;
1104 	case FMTF_OCTAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "o");	break;
1105 	case FMTF_UNSIGNED:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "u");	break;
1106 	case FMTF_HEX:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "x");	break;
1107 	}
1108 
1109 	/*
1110 	 * shift and round to nearest for kilobytes, megabytes,
1111 	 * gigabytes.
1112 	 */
1113 	if (shift > 0) {
1114 		data >>= (shift - 1);
1115 		data++;
1116 		data >>= 1;
1117 	}
1118 
1119 	return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data));
1120 }
1121