xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision da5f4674a3fc214be3572d358b66af40ab9401e7)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.13 2003/07/25 03:21:17 atatat Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Brown.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *      This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *      Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #if defined(__RCSID) && !defined(lint)
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.13 2003/07/25 03:21:17 atatat Exp $");
42 #endif
43 
44 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
45 #include "config.h"
46 #else  /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
47 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 1
48 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 1
49 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME 1
50 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 1
51 #define HAVE_DEVNAME 1
52 #endif /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
53 
54 #include <sys/types.h>
55 #include <sys/stat.h>
56 
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <grp.h>
60 #include <limits.h>
61 #include <pwd.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <time.h>
66 #include <unistd.h>
67 
68 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
69 #define DEF_F "%#Xf "
70 #define RAW_F "%f "
71 #define SHELL_F " st_flags=%f"
72 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
73 #define DEF_F
74 #define RAW_F
75 #define SHELL_F
76 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
77 
78 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
79 #define DEF_B "\"%SB\" "
80 #define RAW_B "%B "
81 #define SHELL_B "st_birthtime=%B "
82 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
83 #define DEF_B
84 #define RAW_B
85 #define SHELL_B
86 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
87 
88 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM
89 #define st_atimespec st_atim
90 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
91 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
92 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM */
93 
94 #define DEF_FORMAT \
95 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" " DEF_B \
96 	"%k %b " DEF_F "%N"
97 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c " RAW_B \
98 	"%k %b " RAW_F "%N"
99 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
100 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
101 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
102 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
103 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
104 	"st_atime=%a st_mtime=%m st_ctime=%c " SHELL_B \
105 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b" SHELL_F
106 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
107 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
108 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
109 	"  Mode: (%04OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
110 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
111 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
112 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
113 	"Change: %Sc"
114 
115 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
116 
117 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
118 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
119 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
120 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
121 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
122 
123 /*
124  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
125  */
126 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
127 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
128 
129 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
130 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
131 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
132 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
133 
134 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
135 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
136 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
137 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
138 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
139 
140 #define FMT_DECIMAL 	'D'
141 #define FMT_OCTAL 	'O'
142 #define FMT_UNSIGNED 	'U'
143 #define FMT_HEX 	'X'
144 #define FMT_FLOAT 	'F'
145 #define FMT_STRING 	'S'
146 
147 #define FMTF_DECIMAL	0x01
148 #define FMTF_OCTAL	0x02
149 #define FMTF_UNSIGNED	0x04
150 #define FMTF_HEX	0x08
151 #define FMTF_FLOAT	0x10
152 #define FMTF_STRING	0x20
153 
154 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
155 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
156 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
157 
158 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
159 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
160 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
161 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
162 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
163 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
164 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
165 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
166 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
167 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
168 #define SHOW_st_btime	'B'
169 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
170 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
171 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
172 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
173 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
174 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
175 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
176 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
177 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
178 
179 void	usage(const char *);
180 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
181 	    const char *, int, int, int);
182 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
183 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
184 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
185 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
186 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
187 	    int, int);
188 
189 char *timefmt;
190 int linkfail;
191 
192 #define addchar(s, c, nl) \
193 	do { \
194 		(void)fputc((c), (s)); \
195 		(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
196 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
197 
198 int
199 main(int argc, char *argv[])
200 {
201 	struct stat st;
202 	int ch, rc, errs, am_readlink;
203 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, fn, nonl, quiet;
204 	char *statfmt, *options, *synopsis;
205 
206 	am_readlink = 0;
207 	lsF = 0;
208 	fmtchar = '\0';
209 	usestat = 0;
210 	nonl = 0;
211 	quiet = 0;
212 	linkfail = 0;
213 	statfmt = NULL;
214 	timefmt = NULL;
215 
216 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "readlink") == 0) {
217 		am_readlink = 1;
218 		options = "n";
219 		synopsis = "[-n] [file ...]";
220 		statfmt = "%Y";
221 		fmtchar = 'f';
222 		quiet = 1;
223 	} else {
224 		options = "f:FlLnqrst:x";
225 		synopsis = "[-FlLnqrsx] [-f format] [-t timefmt] [file ...]";
226 	}
227 
228 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1)
229 		switch (ch) {
230 		case 'F':
231 			lsF = 1;
232 			break;
233 		case 'L':
234 			usestat = 1;
235 			break;
236 		case 'n':
237 			nonl = 1;
238 			break;
239 		case 'q':
240 			quiet = 1;
241 			break;
242 		case 'f':
243 			statfmt = optarg;
244 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
245 		case 'l':
246 		case 'r':
247 		case 's':
248 		case 'x':
249 			if (fmtchar != 0)
250 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
251 				    fmtchar, ch);
252 			fmtchar = ch;
253 			break;
254 		case 't':
255 			timefmt = optarg;
256 			break;
257 		default:
258 			usage(synopsis);
259 		}
260 
261 	argc -= optind;
262 	argv += optind;
263 	fn = 1;
264 
265 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
266 		if (lsF)
267 			fmtchar = 'l';
268 		else {
269 			fmtchar = 'f';
270 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
271 		}
272 	}
273 
274 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
275 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
276 
277 	switch (fmtchar) {
278 	case 'f':
279 		/* statfmt already set */
280 		break;
281 	case 'l':
282 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
283 		break;
284 	case 'r':
285 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
286 		break;
287 	case 's':
288 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
289 		break;
290 	case 'x':
291 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
292 		if (timefmt == NULL)
293 			timefmt = "%c";
294 		break;
295 	default:
296 		usage(synopsis);
297 		/*NOTREACHED*/
298 	}
299 
300 	if (timefmt == NULL)
301 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
302 
303 	errs = 0;
304 	do {
305 		if (argc == 0)
306 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
307 		else if (usestat)
308 			rc = stat(argv[0], &st);
309 		else
310 			rc = lstat(argv[0], &st);
311 
312 		if (rc == -1) {
313 			errs = 1;
314 			linkfail = 1;
315 			if (!quiet)
316 				warn("%s: stat",
317 				    argc == 0 ? "(stdin)" : argv[0]);
318 		}
319 		else
320 			output(&st, argv[0], statfmt, fn, nonl, quiet);
321 
322 		argv++;
323 		argc--;
324 		fn++;
325 	} while (argc > 0);
326 
327 	return (am_readlink ? linkfail : errs);
328 }
329 
330 void
331 usage(const char *synopsis)
332 {
333 
334 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", getprogname(), synopsis);
335 	exit(1);
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Parses a format string.
340  */
341 void
342 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
343     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl, int quiet)
344 {
345 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
346 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
347 	const char *subfmt;
348 	int nl, t, i;
349 
350 	nl = 1;
351 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
352 
353 		/*
354 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
355 		 */
356 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
357 			addchar(stdout, *statfmt, &nl);
358 			statfmt++;
359 			continue;
360 		}
361 
362 		/*
363 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
364 		 * and then we skip the magic.
365 		 */
366 		subfmt = statfmt;
367 		statfmt++;
368 
369 		/*
370 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
371 		 */
372 		switch (*statfmt) {
373 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
374 			addchar(stdout, '\n', &nl);
375 			statfmt++;
376 			continue;
377 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
378 			addchar(stdout, '\t', &nl);
379 			statfmt++;
380 			continue;
381 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
382 			addchar(stdout, '%', &nl);
383 			statfmt++;
384 			continue;
385 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
386 			char num[12], *p;
387 
388 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
389 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
390 				addchar(stdout, *p, &nl);
391 			statfmt++;
392 			continue;
393 		}
394 		}
395 
396 		/*
397 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
398 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
399 		 * the form:
400 		 *
401 		 *	%	required start of format
402 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
403 		 *	size	opt. field width
404 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
405 		 *	prec	opt. precision
406 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
407 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
408 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
409 		 *
410 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
411 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
412 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
413 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
414 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
415 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
416 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
417 		 */
418 		flags = 0;
419 		do {
420 			if      (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
421 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
422 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
423 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
424 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
425 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
426 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
427 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
428 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
429 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
430 			else
431 				break;
432 			statfmt++;
433 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
434 
435 		size = -1;
436 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
437 			size = 0;
438 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
439 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
440 				statfmt++;
441 				if (size < 0)
442 					goto badfmt;
443 			}
444 		}
445 
446 		prec = -1;
447 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
448 			statfmt++;
449 
450 			prec = 0;
451 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
452 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
453 				statfmt++;
454 				if (prec < 0)
455 					goto badfmt;
456 			}
457 		}
458 
459 #define fmtcase(x, y)		case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
460 #define fmtcasef(x, y, z)	case (y): (x) = (z); statfmt++; break
461 		switch (*statfmt) {
462 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL,	FMTF_DECIMAL);
463 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL,	FMTF_OCTAL);
464 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED,	FMTF_UNSIGNED);
465 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_HEX,		FMTF_HEX);
466 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT,	FMTF_FLOAT);
467 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_STRING,	FMTF_STRING);
468 		default:
469 			ofmt = 0;
470 			break;
471 		}
472 
473 		switch (*statfmt) {
474 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
475 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
476 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
477 		default:
478 			hilo = 0;
479 			break;
480 		}
481 
482 		switch (*statfmt) {
483 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
484 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
485 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
486 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
487 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
488 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
489 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
490 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
491 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
492 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
493 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_btime);
494 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
495 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
496 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
497 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
498 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
499 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
500 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
501 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
502 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
503 		default:
504 			goto badfmt;
505 		}
506 #undef fmtcasef
507 #undef fmtcase
508 
509 		t = format1(st,
510 		     file,
511 		     subfmt, statfmt - subfmt,
512 		     buf, sizeof(buf),
513 		     flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what);
514 
515 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < sizeof(buf); i++)
516 			addchar(stdout, buf[i], &nl);
517 
518 		continue;
519 
520 	badfmt:
521 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
522 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
523 	}
524 
525 	if (!nl && !nonl)
526 		(void)fputc('\n', stdout);
527 	(void)fflush(stdout);
528 }
529 
530 /*
531  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
532  */
533 int
534 format1(const struct stat *st,
535     const char *file,
536     const char *fmt, int flen,
537     char *buf, size_t blen,
538     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
539     int hilo, int what)
540 {
541 	u_int64_t data;
542 	char *sdata, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
543 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[PATH_MAX + 4];
544 	struct passwd *pw;
545 	struct group *gr;
546 	const struct timespec *tsp;
547 	struct timespec ts;
548 	struct tm *tm;
549 	int l, small, formats;
550 
551 	tsp = NULL;
552 	formats = 0;
553 	small = 0;
554 
555 	/*
556 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
557 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
558 	 */
559 	switch (what) {
560 	case SHOW_st_dev:
561 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
562 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
563 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
564 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
565 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
566 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
567 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
568 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
569 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
570 		    0U);
571 		if (sdata == NULL)
572 			sdata = "???";
573 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
574 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
575 			data = major(data);
576 			hilo = 0;
577 		}
578 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
579 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
580 			hilo = 0;
581 		}
582 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
583 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
584 		    FMTF_STRING;
585 #else /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
586 		    0;
587 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
588 		if (ofmt == 0)
589 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
590 		break;
591 	case SHOW_st_ino:
592 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
593 		data = st->st_ino;
594 		sdata = NULL;
595 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
596 		if (ofmt == 0)
597 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
598 		break;
599 	case SHOW_st_mode:
600 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
601 		data = st->st_mode;
602 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
603 		sdata = smode;
604 		l = strlen(sdata);
605 		if (sdata[l - 1] == ' ')
606 			sdata[--l] = '\0';
607 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
608 			data >>= 12;
609 			sdata += 1;
610 			sdata[3] = '\0';
611 			hilo = 0;
612 		}
613 		else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
614 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
615 			sdata += 4;
616 			sdata[3] = '\0';
617 			hilo = 0;
618 		}
619 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
620 			data &= 0777;
621 			sdata += 7;
622 			sdata[3] = '\0';
623 			hilo = 0;
624 		}
625 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
626 		    FMTF_STRING;
627 		if (ofmt == 0)
628 			ofmt = FMTF_OCTAL;
629 		break;
630 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
631 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
632 		data = st->st_nlink;
633 		sdata = NULL;
634 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
635 		if (ofmt == 0)
636 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
637 		break;
638 	case SHOW_st_uid:
639 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
640 		data = st->st_uid;
641 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
642 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
643 		else {
644 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
645 			sdata = sid;
646 		}
647 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
648 		    FMTF_STRING;
649 		if (ofmt == 0)
650 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
651 		break;
652 	case SHOW_st_gid:
653 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
654 		data = st->st_gid;
655 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
656 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
657 		else {
658 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
659 			sdata = sid;
660 		}
661 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
662 		    FMTF_STRING;
663 		if (ofmt == 0)
664 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
665 		break;
666 	case SHOW_st_atime:
667 		tsp = &st->st_atimespec;
668 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
669 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
670 		if (tsp == NULL)
671 			tsp = &st->st_mtimespec;
672 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
673 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
674 		if (tsp == NULL)
675 			tsp = &st->st_ctimespec;
676 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
677 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
678 	case SHOW_st_btime:
679 		if (tsp == NULL)
680 			tsp = &st->st_birthtimespec;
681 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
682 		ts = *tsp;		/* copy so we can muck with it */
683 		small = (sizeof(ts.tv_sec) == 4);
684 		data = ts.tv_sec;
685 		small = 1;
686 		tm = localtime(&ts.tv_sec);
687 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
688 		sdata = path;
689 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
690 		    FMTF_FLOAT | FMTF_STRING;
691 		if (ofmt == 0)
692 			ofmt = FMTF_DECIMAL;
693 		break;
694 	case SHOW_st_size:
695 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
696 		data = st->st_size;
697 		sdata = NULL;
698 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
699 		if (ofmt == 0)
700 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
701 		break;
702 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
703 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
704 		data = st->st_blocks;
705 		sdata = NULL;
706 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
707 		if (ofmt == 0)
708 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
709 		break;
710 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
711 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
712 		data = st->st_blksize;
713 		sdata = NULL;
714 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
715 		if (ofmt == 0)
716 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
717 		break;
718 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
719 	case SHOW_st_flags:
720 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
721 		data = st->st_flags;
722 		sdata = NULL;
723 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
724 		if (ofmt == 0)
725 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
726 		break;
727 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
728 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
729 	case SHOW_st_gen:
730 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
731 		data = st->st_gen;
732 		sdata = NULL;
733 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
734 		if (ofmt == 0)
735 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
736 		break;
737 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN */
738 	case SHOW_symlink:
739 		small = 0;
740 		data = 0;
741 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
742 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
743 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4 - 1);
744 			if (l == -1) {
745 				linkfail = 1;
746 				l = 0;
747 				path[0] = '\0';
748 			}
749 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
750 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
751 		}
752 		else {
753 			linkfail = 1;
754 			sdata = "";
755 		}
756 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
757 		if (ofmt == 0)
758 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
759 		break;
760 	case SHOW_filetype:
761 		small = 0;
762 		data = 0;
763 		sdata = smode;
764 		sdata[0] = '\0';
765 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
766 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
767 			case S_IFIFO:	(void)strcat(sdata, "|");	break;
768 			case S_IFDIR:	(void)strcat(sdata, "/");	break;
769 			case S_IFREG:
770 				if (st->st_mode &
771 				    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
772 					(void)strcat(sdata, "*");
773 				break;
774 			case S_IFLNK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "@");	break;
775 			case S_IFSOCK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "=");	break;
776 #ifdef S_IFWHT
777 			case S_IFWHT:	(void)strcat(sdata, "%");	break;
778 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
779 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
780 			case S_IFDOOR:	(void)strcat(sdata, ">");	break;
781 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
782 			}
783 			hilo = 0;
784 		}
785 		else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
786 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
787 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
788 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
789 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
790 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
791 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
792 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
793 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
794 #ifdef S_IFWHT
795 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "Whiteout File";	break;
796 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
797 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
798 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = "Door";			break;
799 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
800 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
801 			}
802 			hilo = 0;
803 		}
804 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
805 		if (ofmt == 0)
806 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
807 		break;
808 	case SHOW_filename:
809 		small = 0;
810 		data = 0;
811 		if (file == NULL)
812 			(void)strncpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
813 		else
814 			(void)strncpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
815 		sdata = path;
816 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
817 		if (ofmt == 0)
818 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
819 		break;
820 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
821 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
822 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
823 			int l1, l2;
824 
825 			l1 = format1(st,
826 			    file,
827 			    fmt, flen,
828 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev),
829 			    flags, size, prec,
830 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
831 			l2 = format1(st,
832 			    file,
833 			    fmt, flen,
834 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev),
835 			    flags, size, prec,
836 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
837 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
838 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev));
839 		}
840 		else {
841 			return (format1(st,
842 			    file,
843 			    fmt, flen,
844 			    buf, blen,
845 			    flags, size, prec,
846 			    ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size));
847 		}
848 		/*NOTREACHED*/
849 	default:
850 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
851 	}
852 
853 	/*
854 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
855 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
856 	 */
857 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
858 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
859 
860 	/*
861 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
862 	 */
863 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
864 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "%");
865 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
866 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "#");
867 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
868 		(void)strcat(lfmt, " ");
869 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
870 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "+");
871 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
872 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "-");
873 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
874 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "0");
875 
876 	/*
877 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
878 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
879 	 */
880 	if (ofmt == FMTF_FLOAT) {
881 		/*
882 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
883 		 */
884 		if (prec == 0) {
885 			if (size != -1) {
886 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
887 				(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
888 			}
889 			(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
890 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, ts.tv_sec));
891 		}
892 
893 		/*
894 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
895 		 * 9 digits.
896 		 */
897 		if (prec == -1)
898 			prec = 9;
899 
900 		/*
901 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
902 		 * that will follow.
903 		 */
904 		size -= prec + 1;
905 
906 		/*
907 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
908 		 */
909 		if (size > 0) {
910 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
911 			(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
912 		}
913 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
914 
915 		/*
916 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
917 		 * filling.
918 		 */
919 		(void)strcat(lfmt, ".%0");
920 
921 		/*
922 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
923 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
924 		 */
925 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dd", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
926 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
927 
928 		/*
929 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
930 		 * less significant figures.
931 		 */
932 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
933 			ts.tv_nsec /= 10;
934 
935 		/*
936 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
937 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
938 		 */
939 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec);
940 		for (; prec > 9 && l < blen; prec--, l++)
941 			(void)strcat(buf, "0");
942 		return (l);
943 	}
944 
945 	/*
946 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
947 	 */
948 	if (size != -1) {
949 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
950 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
951 	}
952 	if (prec != -1) {
953 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
954 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
955 	}
956 
957 	/*
958 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
959 	 */
960 	if (ofmt == FMTF_STRING) {
961 		if (sdata == NULL)
962 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
963 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "s");
964 		return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata));
965 	}
966 
967 	/*
968 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
969 	 * for some forms.
970 	 */
971 	if (small && ofmt != FMTF_DECIMAL)
972 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
973 
974 	/*
975 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
976 	 */
977 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "ll");
978 	switch (ofmt) {
979 	case FMTF_DECIMAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");	break;
980 	case FMTF_OCTAL:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "o");	break;
981 	case FMTF_UNSIGNED:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "u");	break;
982 	case FMTF_HEX:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "x");	break;
983 	}
984 
985 	return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data));
986 }
987