xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision d48f14661dda8638fee055ba15d35bdfb29b9fa8)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.23 2005/06/23 03:13:24 atatat Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Brown.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *      This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *      Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
40 #include "nbtool_config.h"
41 #endif
42 
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 #if !defined(lint)
45 __RCSID("$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.23 2005/06/23 03:13:24 atatat Exp $");
46 #endif
47 
48 #if ! HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
49 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 1
50 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN 1
51 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME 1
52 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC 1
53 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC 1
54 #define HAVE_DEVNAME 1
55 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
56 
57 #include <sys/types.h>
58 #include <sys/stat.h>
59 
60 #include <ctype.h>
61 #include <err.h>
62 #include <errno.h>
63 #include <grp.h>
64 #include <limits.h>
65 #include <pwd.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <stdlib.h>
68 #include <string.h>
69 #include <time.h>
70 #include <unistd.h>
71 
72 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
73 #define DEF_F "%#Xf "
74 #define RAW_F "%f "
75 #define SHELL_F " st_flags=%f"
76 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
77 #define DEF_F
78 #define RAW_F
79 #define SHELL_F
80 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
81 
82 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
83 #define DEF_B "\"%SB\" "
84 #define RAW_B "%B "
85 #define SHELL_B "st_birthtime=%B "
86 #else /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
87 #define DEF_B
88 #define RAW_B
89 #define SHELL_B
90 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
91 
92 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM
93 #define st_atimespec st_atim
94 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
95 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
96 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_ATIM */
97 
98 #define DEF_FORMAT \
99 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" " DEF_B \
100 	"%k %b " DEF_F "%N"
101 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c " RAW_B \
102 	"%k %b " RAW_F "%N"
103 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
104 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
105 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
106 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
107 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
108 	"st_atime=%a st_mtime=%m st_ctime=%c " SHELL_B \
109 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b" SHELL_F
110 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
111 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
112 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
113 	"  Mode: (%04OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
114 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
115 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
116 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
117 	"Change: %Sc"
118 
119 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
120 
121 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
122 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
123 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
124 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
125 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
126 
127 /*
128  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
129  */
130 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
131 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
132 
133 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
134 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
135 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
136 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
137 
138 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
139 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
140 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
141 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
142 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
143 
144 #define FMT_DECIMAL 	'D'
145 #define FMT_OCTAL 	'O'
146 #define FMT_UNSIGNED 	'U'
147 #define FMT_HEX 	'X'
148 #define FMT_FLOAT 	'F'
149 #define FMT_STRING 	'S'
150 
151 #define FMTF_DECIMAL	0x01
152 #define FMTF_OCTAL	0x02
153 #define FMTF_UNSIGNED	0x04
154 #define FMTF_HEX	0x08
155 #define FMTF_FLOAT	0x10
156 #define FMTF_STRING	0x20
157 
158 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
159 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
160 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
161 
162 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
163 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
164 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
165 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
166 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
167 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
168 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
169 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
170 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
171 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
172 #define SHOW_st_btime	'B'
173 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
174 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
175 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
176 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
177 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
178 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
179 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
180 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
181 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
182 
183 void	usage(const char *);
184 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
185 	    const char *, int, int, int);
186 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
187 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
188 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
189 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
190 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
191 	    int, int);
192 
193 char *timefmt;
194 int linkfail;
195 
196 #define addchar(s, c, nl) \
197 	do { \
198 		(void)fputc((c), (s)); \
199 		(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
200 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
201 
202 int
203 main(int argc, char *argv[])
204 {
205 	struct stat st;
206 	int ch, rc, errs, am_readlink;
207 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, fn, nonl, quiet;
208 	char *statfmt, *options, *synopsis;
209 
210 	am_readlink = 0;
211 	lsF = 0;
212 	fmtchar = '\0';
213 	usestat = 0;
214 	nonl = 0;
215 	quiet = 0;
216 	linkfail = 0;
217 	statfmt = NULL;
218 	timefmt = NULL;
219 
220 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "readlink") == 0) {
221 		am_readlink = 1;
222 		options = "n";
223 		synopsis = "[-n] [file ...]";
224 		statfmt = "%Y";
225 		fmtchar = 'f';
226 		quiet = 1;
227 	} else {
228 		options = "f:FlLnqrst:x";
229 		synopsis = "[-FlLnqrsx] [-f format] [-t timefmt] [file ...]";
230 	}
231 
232 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1)
233 		switch (ch) {
234 		case 'F':
235 			lsF = 1;
236 			break;
237 		case 'L':
238 			usestat = 1;
239 			break;
240 		case 'n':
241 			nonl = 1;
242 			break;
243 		case 'q':
244 			quiet = 1;
245 			break;
246 		case 'f':
247 			statfmt = optarg;
248 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
249 		case 'l':
250 		case 'r':
251 		case 's':
252 		case 'x':
253 			if (fmtchar != 0)
254 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
255 				    fmtchar, ch);
256 			fmtchar = ch;
257 			break;
258 		case 't':
259 			timefmt = optarg;
260 			break;
261 		default:
262 			usage(synopsis);
263 		}
264 
265 	argc -= optind;
266 	argv += optind;
267 	fn = 1;
268 
269 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
270 		if (lsF)
271 			fmtchar = 'l';
272 		else {
273 			fmtchar = 'f';
274 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
275 		}
276 	}
277 
278 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
279 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
280 
281 	switch (fmtchar) {
282 	case 'f':
283 		/* statfmt already set */
284 		break;
285 	case 'l':
286 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
287 		break;
288 	case 'r':
289 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
290 		break;
291 	case 's':
292 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
293 		break;
294 	case 'x':
295 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
296 		if (timefmt == NULL)
297 			timefmt = "%c";
298 		break;
299 	default:
300 		usage(synopsis);
301 		/*NOTREACHED*/
302 	}
303 
304 	if (timefmt == NULL)
305 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
306 
307 	errs = 0;
308 	do {
309 		if (argc == 0)
310 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
311 		else if (usestat) {
312 			/*
313 			 * Try stat() and if it fails, fall back to
314 			 * lstat() just in case we're examining a
315 			 * broken symlink.
316 			 */
317 			if ((rc = stat(argv[0], &st)) == -1 &&
318 			    errno == ENOENT &&
319 			    (rc = lstat(argv[0], &st)) == -1)
320 				errno = ENOENT;
321 		}
322 		else
323 			rc = lstat(argv[0], &st);
324 
325 		if (rc == -1) {
326 			errs = 1;
327 			linkfail = 1;
328 			if (!quiet)
329 				warn("%s: %s",
330 				    argc == 0 ? "(stdin)" : argv[0],
331 				    usestat ? "stat" : "lstat");
332 		}
333 		else
334 			output(&st, argv[0], statfmt, fn, nonl, quiet);
335 
336 		argv++;
337 		argc--;
338 		fn++;
339 	} while (argc > 0);
340 
341 	return (am_readlink ? linkfail : errs);
342 }
343 
344 void
345 usage(const char *synopsis)
346 {
347 
348 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", getprogname(), synopsis);
349 	exit(1);
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * Parses a format string.
354  */
355 void
356 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
357     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl, int quiet)
358 {
359 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
360 	char buf[PATH_MAX + 4 + 1];
361 	const char *subfmt;
362 	int nl, t, i;
363 
364 	nl = 1;
365 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
366 
367 		/*
368 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
369 		 */
370 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
371 			addchar(stdout, *statfmt, &nl);
372 			statfmt++;
373 			continue;
374 		}
375 
376 		/*
377 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
378 		 * and then we skip the magic.
379 		 */
380 		subfmt = statfmt;
381 		statfmt++;
382 
383 		/*
384 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
385 		 */
386 		switch (*statfmt) {
387 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
388 			addchar(stdout, '\n', &nl);
389 			statfmt++;
390 			continue;
391 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
392 			addchar(stdout, '\t', &nl);
393 			statfmt++;
394 			continue;
395 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
396 			addchar(stdout, '%', &nl);
397 			statfmt++;
398 			continue;
399 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
400 			char num[12], *p;
401 
402 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
403 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
404 				addchar(stdout, *p, &nl);
405 			statfmt++;
406 			continue;
407 		}
408 		}
409 
410 		/*
411 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
412 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
413 		 * the form:
414 		 *
415 		 *	%	required start of format
416 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
417 		 *	size	opt. field width
418 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
419 		 *	prec	opt. precision
420 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
421 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
422 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
423 		 *
424 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
425 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
426 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
427 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
428 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
429 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
430 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
431 		 */
432 		flags = 0;
433 		do {
434 			if      (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
435 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
436 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
437 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
438 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
439 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
440 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
441 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
442 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
443 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
444 			else
445 				break;
446 			statfmt++;
447 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
448 
449 		size = -1;
450 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
451 			size = 0;
452 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
453 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
454 				statfmt++;
455 				if (size < 0)
456 					goto badfmt;
457 			}
458 		}
459 
460 		prec = -1;
461 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
462 			statfmt++;
463 
464 			prec = 0;
465 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
466 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
467 				statfmt++;
468 				if (prec < 0)
469 					goto badfmt;
470 			}
471 		}
472 
473 #define fmtcase(x, y)		case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
474 #define fmtcasef(x, y, z)	case (y): (x) = (z); statfmt++; break
475 		switch (*statfmt) {
476 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL,	FMTF_DECIMAL);
477 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL,	FMTF_OCTAL);
478 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED,	FMTF_UNSIGNED);
479 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_HEX,		FMTF_HEX);
480 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT,	FMTF_FLOAT);
481 			fmtcasef(ofmt, FMT_STRING,	FMTF_STRING);
482 		default:
483 			ofmt = 0;
484 			break;
485 		}
486 
487 		switch (*statfmt) {
488 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
489 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
490 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
491 		default:
492 			hilo = 0;
493 			break;
494 		}
495 
496 		switch (*statfmt) {
497 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
498 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
499 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
500 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
501 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
502 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
503 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
504 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
505 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
506 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
507 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_btime);
508 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
509 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
510 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
511 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
512 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
513 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
514 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
515 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
516 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
517 		default:
518 			goto badfmt;
519 		}
520 #undef fmtcasef
521 #undef fmtcase
522 
523 		t = format1(st,
524 		     file,
525 		     subfmt, statfmt - subfmt,
526 		     buf, sizeof(buf),
527 		     flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what);
528 
529 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < sizeof(buf) - 1; i++)
530 			addchar(stdout, buf[i], &nl);
531 
532 		continue;
533 
534 	badfmt:
535 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
536 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
537 	}
538 
539 	if (!nl && !nonl)
540 		(void)fputc('\n', stdout);
541 	(void)fflush(stdout);
542 }
543 
544 /*
545  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
546  */
547 int
548 format1(const struct stat *st,
549     const char *file,
550     const char *fmt, int flen,
551     char *buf, size_t blen,
552     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
553     int hilo, int what)
554 {
555 	u_int64_t data;
556 	char *sdata, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
557 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[PATH_MAX + 4];
558 	struct passwd *pw;
559 	struct group *gr;
560 	struct tm *tm;
561 	time_t secs;
562 	long nsecs;
563 	int l, small, formats, gottime, shift;
564 
565 	formats = 0;
566 	small = 0;
567 	gottime = 0;
568 	secs = 0;
569 	nsecs = 0;
570 	shift = 0;
571 
572 	/*
573 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
574 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
575 	 */
576 	switch (what) {
577 	case SHOW_st_dev:
578 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
579 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
580 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
581 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
582 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
583 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
584 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
585 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
586 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
587 		    0U);
588 		if (sdata == NULL)
589 			sdata = "???";
590 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
591 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
592 			data = major(data);
593 			hilo = 0;
594 		}
595 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
596 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
597 			hilo = 0;
598 		}
599 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
600 #if HAVE_DEVNAME
601 		    FMTF_STRING;
602 #else /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
603 		    0;
604 #endif /* HAVE_DEVNAME */
605 		if (ofmt == 0)
606 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
607 		break;
608 	case SHOW_st_ino:
609 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
610 		data = st->st_ino;
611 		sdata = NULL;
612 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
613 		if (ofmt == 0)
614 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
615 		break;
616 	case SHOW_st_mode:
617 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
618 		data = st->st_mode;
619 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
620 		sdata = smode;
621 		l = strlen(sdata);
622 		if (sdata[l - 1] == ' ')
623 			sdata[--l] = '\0';
624 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
625 			data >>= 12;
626 			sdata += 1;
627 			sdata[3] = '\0';
628 			hilo = 0;
629 		}
630 		else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
631 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
632 			sdata += 4;
633 			sdata[3] = '\0';
634 			hilo = 0;
635 		}
636 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
637 			data &= 0777;
638 			sdata += 7;
639 			sdata[3] = '\0';
640 			hilo = 0;
641 		}
642 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
643 		    FMTF_STRING;
644 		if (ofmt == 0)
645 			ofmt = FMTF_OCTAL;
646 		break;
647 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
648 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
649 		data = st->st_nlink;
650 		sdata = NULL;
651 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
652 		if (ofmt == 0)
653 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
654 		break;
655 	case SHOW_st_uid:
656 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
657 		data = st->st_uid;
658 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
659 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
660 		else {
661 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
662 			sdata = sid;
663 		}
664 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
665 		    FMTF_STRING;
666 		if (ofmt == 0)
667 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
668 		break;
669 	case SHOW_st_gid:
670 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
671 		data = st->st_gid;
672 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
673 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
674 		else {
675 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
676 			sdata = sid;
677 		}
678 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
679 		    FMTF_STRING;
680 		if (ofmt == 0)
681 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
682 		break;
683 	case SHOW_st_atime:
684 		gottime = 1;
685 		secs = st->st_atime;
686 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
687 		nsecs = st->st_atimensec;
688 #endif
689 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
690 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
691 		if (!gottime) {
692 			gottime = 1;
693 			secs = st->st_mtime;
694 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
695 			nsecs = st->st_mtimensec;
696 #endif
697 		}
698 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
699 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
700 		if (!gottime) {
701 			gottime = 1;
702 			secs = st->st_ctime;
703 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
704 			nsecs = st->st_ctimensec;
705 #endif
706 		}
707 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
708 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME
709 	case SHOW_st_btime:
710 		if (!gottime) {
711 			gottime = 1;
712 			secs = st->st_birthtime;
713 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC
714 			nsecs = st->st_birthtimensec;
715 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIMENSEC */
716 		}
717 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BIRTHTIME */
718 		small = (sizeof(secs) == 4);
719 		data = secs;
720 		small = 1;
721 		tm = localtime(&secs);
722 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
723 		sdata = path;
724 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX |
725 		    FMTF_FLOAT | FMTF_STRING;
726 		if (ofmt == 0)
727 			ofmt = FMTF_DECIMAL;
728 		break;
729 	case SHOW_st_size:
730 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
731 		data = st->st_size;
732 		sdata = NULL;
733 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
734 		if (ofmt == 0)
735 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
736 		switch (hilo) {
737 		case HIGH_PIECE:
738 			shift = 30;	/* gigabytes */
739 			hilo = 0;
740 			break;
741 		case MIDDLE_PIECE:
742 			shift = 20;	/* megabytes */
743 			hilo = 0;
744 			break;
745 		case LOW_PIECE:
746 			shift = 10;	/* kilobytes */
747 			hilo = 0;
748 			break;
749 		}
750 		break;
751 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
752 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
753 		data = st->st_blocks;
754 		sdata = NULL;
755 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
756 		if (ofmt == 0)
757 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
758 		break;
759 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
760 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
761 		data = st->st_blksize;
762 		sdata = NULL;
763 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
764 		if (ofmt == 0)
765 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
766 		break;
767 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
768 	case SHOW_st_flags:
769 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
770 		data = st->st_flags;
771 		sdata = NULL;
772 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
773 		if (ofmt == 0)
774 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
775 		break;
776 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS */
777 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
778 	case SHOW_st_gen:
779 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
780 		data = st->st_gen;
781 		sdata = NULL;
782 		formats = FMTF_DECIMAL | FMTF_OCTAL | FMTF_UNSIGNED | FMTF_HEX;
783 		if (ofmt == 0)
784 			ofmt = FMTF_UNSIGNED;
785 		break;
786 #endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN */
787 	case SHOW_symlink:
788 		small = 0;
789 		data = 0;
790 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
791 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
792 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4 - 1);
793 			if (l == -1) {
794 				linkfail = 1;
795 				l = 0;
796 				path[0] = '\0';
797 			}
798 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
799 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMTF_STRING ? 0 : 4);
800 		}
801 		else {
802 			linkfail = 1;
803 			sdata = "";
804 		}
805 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
806 		if (ofmt == 0)
807 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
808 		break;
809 	case SHOW_filetype:
810 		small = 0;
811 		data = 0;
812 		sdata = smode;
813 		sdata[0] = '\0';
814 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
815 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
816 			case S_IFIFO:	(void)strcat(sdata, "|");	break;
817 			case S_IFDIR:	(void)strcat(sdata, "/");	break;
818 			case S_IFREG:
819 				if (st->st_mode &
820 				    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
821 					(void)strcat(sdata, "*");
822 				break;
823 			case S_IFLNK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "@");	break;
824 #ifdef S_IFSOCK
825 			case S_IFSOCK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "=");	break;
826 #endif
827 #ifdef S_IFWHT
828 			case S_IFWHT:	(void)strcat(sdata, "%");	break;
829 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
830 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
831 			case S_IFDOOR:	(void)strcat(sdata, ">");	break;
832 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
833 			}
834 			hilo = 0;
835 		}
836 		else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
837 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
838 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
839 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
840 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
841 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
842 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
843 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
844 #ifdef S_IFSOCK
845 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
846 #endif
847 #ifdef S_IFWHT
848 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "Whiteout File";	break;
849 #endif /* S_IFWHT */
850 #ifdef S_IFDOOR
851 			case S_IFDOOR:	sdata = "Door";			break;
852 #endif /* S_IFDOOR */
853 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
854 			}
855 			hilo = 0;
856 		}
857 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
858 		if (ofmt == 0)
859 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
860 		break;
861 	case SHOW_filename:
862 		small = 0;
863 		data = 0;
864 		if (file == NULL) {
865 			(void)strncpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
866 			if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE || hilo == LOW_PIECE)
867 				hilo = 0;
868 		}
869 		else if (hilo == 0)
870 			(void)strncpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
871 		else {
872 			char *s;
873 			(void)strncpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
874 			s = strrchr(path, '/');
875 			if (s != NULL) {
876 				/* trim off trailing /'s */
877 				while (s != path &&
878 				    s[0] == '/' && s[1] == '\0')
879 					*s-- = '\0';
880 				s = strrchr(path, '/');
881 			}
882 			if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
883 				if (s == NULL)
884 					(void)strncpy(path, ".", sizeof(path));
885 				else {
886 					while (s != path && s[0] == '/')
887 						*s-- = '\0';
888 				}
889 				hilo = 0;
890 			}
891 			else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
892 				if (s != NULL && s[1] != '\0')
893 					(void)strncpy(path, s + 1,
894 						      sizeof(path));
895 				hilo = 0;
896 			}
897 		}
898 		sdata = path;
899 		formats = FMTF_STRING;
900 		if (ofmt == 0)
901 			ofmt = FMTF_STRING;
902 		break;
903 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
904 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
905 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
906 			int l1, l2;
907 
908 			l1 = format1(st,
909 			    file,
910 			    fmt, flen,
911 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev),
912 			    flags, size, prec,
913 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
914 			l2 = format1(st,
915 			    file,
916 			    fmt, flen,
917 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev),
918 			    flags, size, prec,
919 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
920 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
921 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev));
922 		}
923 		else {
924 			return (format1(st,
925 			    file,
926 			    fmt, flen,
927 			    buf, blen,
928 			    flags, size, prec,
929 			    ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size));
930 		}
931 		/*NOTREACHED*/
932 	default:
933 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
934 	}
935 
936 	/*
937 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
938 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
939 	 */
940 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
941 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
942 
943 	/*
944 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
945 	 */
946 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
947 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "%");
948 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
949 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "#");
950 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
951 		(void)strcat(lfmt, " ");
952 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
953 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "+");
954 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
955 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "-");
956 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
957 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "0");
958 
959 	/*
960 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
961 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
962 	 */
963 	if (ofmt == FMTF_FLOAT) {
964 		/*
965 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
966 		 */
967 		if (prec == 0) {
968 			if (size != -1) {
969 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
970 				(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
971 			}
972 			(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
973 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, secs));
974 		}
975 
976 		/*
977 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
978 		 * 9 digits.
979 		 */
980 		if (prec == -1)
981 			prec = 9;
982 
983 		/*
984 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
985 		 * that will follow.
986 		 */
987 		size -= prec + 1;
988 
989 		/*
990 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
991 		 */
992 		if (size > 0) {
993 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
994 			(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
995 		}
996 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
997 
998 		/*
999 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
1000 		 * filling.
1001 		 */
1002 		(void)strcat(lfmt, ".%0");
1003 
1004 		/*
1005 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
1006 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
1007 		 */
1008 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dd", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
1009 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1010 
1011 		/*
1012 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
1013 		 * less significant figures.
1014 		 */
1015 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
1016 			nsecs /= 10;
1017 
1018 		/*
1019 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
1020 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
1021 		 */
1022 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, secs, nsecs);
1023 		for (; prec > 9 && l < blen; prec--, l++)
1024 			(void)strcat(buf, "0");
1025 		return (l);
1026 	}
1027 
1028 	/*
1029 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
1030 	 */
1031 	if (size != -1) {
1032 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
1033 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1034 	}
1035 	if (prec != -1) {
1036 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
1037 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	/*
1041 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
1042 	 */
1043 	if (ofmt == FMTF_STRING) {
1044 		if (sdata == NULL)
1045 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
1046 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "s");
1047 		return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata));
1048 	}
1049 
1050 	/*
1051 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
1052 	 * for some forms.
1053 	 */
1054 	if (small && ofmt != FMTF_DECIMAL)
1055 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
1056 
1057 	/*
1058 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
1059 	 */
1060 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "ll");
1061 	switch (ofmt) {
1062 	case FMTF_DECIMAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");	break;
1063 	case FMTF_OCTAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "o");	break;
1064 	case FMTF_UNSIGNED:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "u");	break;
1065 	case FMTF_HEX:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "x");	break;
1066 	}
1067 
1068 	/*
1069 	 * shift and round to nearest for kilobytes, megabytes,
1070 	 * gigabytes.
1071 	 */
1072 	if (shift > 0) {
1073 		data >>= (shift - 1);
1074 		data++;
1075 		data >>= 1;
1076 	}
1077 
1078 	return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data));
1079 }
1080