xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/stat/stat.c (revision 5e4c038a45edbc7d63b7c2daa76e29f88b64a4e3)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.3 2002/05/31 16:45:16 atatat Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Brown.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *      This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *      Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #ifndef lint
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: stat.c,v 1.3 2002/05/31 16:45:16 atatat Exp $");
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/stat.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <stdio.h>
51 #include <ctype.h>
52 #include <stddef.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <pwd.h>
55 #include <grp.h>
56 
57 #define DEF_FORMAT \
58 	"%d %i %Sp %l %Su %Sg %r %z \"%Sa\" \"%Sm\" \"%Sc\" %k %b %N"
59 #define RAW_FORMAT	"%d %i %#p %l %u %g %r %z %a %m %c %k %b %N"
60 #define LS_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%SY"
61 #define LSF_FORMAT	"%Sp %l %Su %Sg %Z %Sm %N%T%SY"
62 #define SHELL_FORMAT \
63 	"st_dev=%d st_ino=%i st_mode=%#p st_nlink=%l " \
64 	"st_uid=%u st_gid=%g st_rdev=%r st_size=%z " \
65 	"st_atimespec=%a st_mtimespec=%m st_ctimespec=%c " \
66 	"st_blksize=%k st_blocks=%b"
67 #define LINUX_FORMAT \
68 	"  File: \"%N\"%n" \
69 	"  Size: %-11z  FileType: %HT%n" \
70 	"  Mode: (%04OLp/%.10Sp)         Uid: (%5u/%8Su)  Gid: (%5g/%8Sg)%n" \
71 	"Device: %Hd,%Ld   Inode: %i    Links: %l%n" \
72 	"Access: %Sa%n" \
73 	"Modify: %Sm%n" \
74 	"Change: %Sc"
75 
76 #define TIME_FORMAT	"%b %e %T %Y"
77 
78 #define FLAG_POUND	0x01
79 #define FLAG_SPACE	0x02
80 #define FLAG_PLUS	0x04
81 #define FLAG_ZERO	0x08
82 #define FLAG_MINUS	0x10
83 
84 /*
85  * These format characters must all be unique, except the magic one.
86  */
87 #define FMT_MAGIC	'%'
88 #define FMT_DOT		'.'
89 
90 #define SIMPLE_NEWLINE	'n'
91 #define SIMPLE_TAB	't'
92 #define SIMPLE_PERCENT	'%'
93 #define SIMPLE_NUMBER	'@'
94 
95 #define FMT_POUND	'#'
96 #define FMT_SPACE	' '
97 #define FMT_PLUS	'+'
98 #define FMT_ZERO	'0'
99 #define FMT_MINUS	'-'
100 
101 #define FMT_DECIMAL 	'D'
102 #define FMT_OCTAL 	'O'
103 #define FMT_UNSIGNED 	'U'
104 #define FMT_HEX 	'X'
105 #define FMT_FLOAT 	'F'
106 #define FMT_STRING 	'S'
107 
108 #define HIGH_PIECE	'H'
109 #define MIDDLE_PIECE	'M'
110 #define LOW_PIECE	'L'
111 
112 #define SHOW_st_dev	'd'
113 #define SHOW_st_ino	'i'
114 #define SHOW_st_mode	'p'
115 #define SHOW_st_nlink	'l'
116 #define SHOW_st_uid	'u'
117 #define SHOW_st_gid	'g'
118 #define SHOW_st_rdev	'r'
119 #define SHOW_st_atime	'a'
120 #define SHOW_st_mtime	'm'
121 #define SHOW_st_ctime	'c'
122 #define SHOW_st_size	'z'
123 #define SHOW_st_blocks	'b'
124 #define SHOW_st_blksize	'k'
125 #define SHOW_st_flags	'f'
126 #define SHOW_st_gen	'v'
127 #define SHOW_symlink	'Y'
128 #define SHOW_filetype	'T'
129 #define SHOW_filename	'N'
130 #define SHOW_sizerdev	'Z'
131 
132 void	usage(void);
133 void	output(const struct stat *, const char *,
134 	    const char *, int, int);
135 int	format1(const struct stat *,	/* stat info */
136 	    const char *,		/* the file name */
137 	    const char *, int,		/* the format string itself */
138 	    char *, size_t,		/* a place to put the output */
139 	    int, int, int, int,		/* the parsed format */
140 	    int, int);
141 
142 char *timefmt;
143 
144 #define addchar(b, n, l, c, nl) \
145 	do { \
146 		if ((*(n)) < (l)) { \
147 			(b)[(*(n))++] = (c); \
148 			(*nl) = ((c) == '\n'); \
149 		} \
150 	} while (0/*CONSTCOND*/)
151 
152 int
153 main(int argc, char *argv[])
154 {
155 	struct stat st;
156 	int ch, rc, errs;
157 	int lsF, fmtchar, usestat, fn, nonl;
158 	char *statfmt;
159 
160 	lsF = 0;
161 	fmtchar = '\0';
162 	usestat = 0;
163 	nonl = 0;
164 	statfmt = NULL;
165 	timefmt = NULL;
166 
167 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "f:FlLnrst:x")) != -1)
168 		switch (ch) {
169 		case 'F':
170 			lsF = 1;
171 			break;
172 		case 'L':
173 			usestat = 1;
174 			break;
175 		case 'n':
176 			nonl = 1;
177 			break;
178 		case 'f':
179 			statfmt = optarg;
180 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
181 		case 'l':
182 		case 'r':
183 		case 's':
184 		case 'x':
185 			if (fmtchar != 0)
186 				errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with '%c'",
187 				    fmtchar, ch);
188 			fmtchar = ch;
189 			break;
190 		case 't':
191 			timefmt = optarg;
192 			break;
193 		default:
194 			usage();
195 		}
196 
197 	argc -= optind;
198 	argv += optind;
199 	fn = 1;
200 
201 	if (fmtchar == '\0') {
202 		if (lsF)
203 			fmtchar = 'l';
204 		else {
205 			fmtchar = 'f';
206 			statfmt = DEF_FORMAT;
207 		}
208 	}
209 
210 	if (lsF && fmtchar != 'l')
211 		errx(1, "can't use format '%c' with -F", fmtchar);
212 
213 	switch (fmtchar) {
214 	case 'f':
215 		/* statfmt already set */
216 		break;
217 	case 'l':
218 		statfmt = lsF ? LSF_FORMAT : LS_FORMAT;
219 		break;
220 	case 'r':
221 		statfmt = RAW_FORMAT;
222 		break;
223 	case 's':
224 		statfmt = SHELL_FORMAT;
225 		break;
226 	case 'x':
227 		statfmt = LINUX_FORMAT;
228 		if (timefmt == NULL)
229 			timefmt = "%c";
230 		break;
231 	default:
232 		usage();
233 		/*NOTREACHED*/
234 	}
235 
236 	if (timefmt == NULL)
237 		timefmt = TIME_FORMAT;
238 
239 	errs = 0;
240 	do {
241 		if (argc == 0)
242 			rc = fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st);
243 		else if (usestat)
244 			rc = stat(argv[0], &st);
245 		else
246 			rc = lstat(argv[0], &st);
247 
248 		if (rc == -1) {
249 			errs = 1;
250 			warn("%s: stat", argc == 0 ? "(stdin)" : argv[0]);
251 		}
252 		else
253 			output(&st, argv[0], statfmt, fn, nonl);
254 
255 		argv++;
256 		argc--;
257 		fn++;
258 	} while (argc > 0);
259 
260 	return (errs);
261 }
262 
263 void
264 usage(void)
265 {
266 
267 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
268 	    "usage: %s [-FlLnrsx] [-f format] [-t timefmt] [file ...]\n",
269 	    getprogname());
270 	exit(1);
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Parses a format string.
275  */
276 void
277 output(const struct stat *st, const char *file,
278     const char *statfmt, int fn, int nonl)
279 {
280 	int flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what;
281 	char buf[4096], subbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
282 	const char *subfmt;
283 	int nl, t, i;
284 	size_t len;
285 
286 	len = 0;
287 	while (*statfmt != '\0') {
288 
289 		/*
290 		 * Non-format characters go straight out.
291 		 */
292 		if (*statfmt != FMT_MAGIC) {
293 			addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), *statfmt, &nl);
294 			statfmt++;
295 			continue;
296 		}
297 
298 		/*
299 		 * The current format "substring" starts here,
300 		 * and then we skip the magic.
301 		 */
302 		subfmt = statfmt;
303 		statfmt++;
304 
305 		/*
306 		 * Some simple one-character "formats".
307 		 */
308 		switch (*statfmt) {
309 		case SIMPLE_NEWLINE:
310 			addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), '\n', &nl);
311 			statfmt++;
312 			continue;
313 		case SIMPLE_TAB:
314 			addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), '\t', &nl);
315 			statfmt++;
316 			continue;
317 		case SIMPLE_PERCENT:
318 			addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), '%', &nl);
319 			statfmt++;
320 			continue;
321 		case SIMPLE_NUMBER: {
322 			char num[12], *p;
323 
324 			snprintf(num, sizeof(num), "%d", fn);
325 			for (p = &num[0]; *p; p++)
326 				addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), *p, &nl);
327 			statfmt++;
328 			continue;
329 		}
330 		}
331 
332 		/*
333 		 * This must be an actual format string.  Format strings are
334 		 * similar to printf(3) formats up to a point, and are of
335 		 * the form:
336 		 *
337 		 *	%	required start of format
338 		 *	[-# +0]	opt. format characters
339 		 *	size	opt. field width
340 		 *	.	opt. decimal separator, followed by
341 		 *	prec	opt. precision
342 		 *	fmt	opt. output specifier (string, numeric, etc.)
343 		 *	sub	opt. sub field specifier (high, middle, low)
344 		 *	datum	required field specifier (size, mode, etc)
345 		 *
346 		 * Only the % and the datum selector are required.  All data
347 		 * have reasonable default output forms.  The "sub" specifier
348 		 * only applies to certain data (mode, dev, rdev, filetype).
349 		 * The symlink output defaults to STRING, yet will only emit
350 		 * the leading " -> " if STRING is explicitly specified.  The
351 		 * sizerdev datum will generate rdev output for character or
352 		 * block devices, and size output for all others.
353 		 */
354 		flags = 0;
355 		do {
356 			if      (*statfmt == FMT_POUND)
357 				flags |= FLAG_POUND;
358 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_SPACE)
359 				flags |= FLAG_SPACE;
360 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_PLUS)
361 				flags |= FLAG_PLUS;
362 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_ZERO)
363 				flags |= FLAG_ZERO;
364 			else if (*statfmt == FMT_MINUS)
365 				flags |= FLAG_MINUS;
366 			else
367 				break;
368 			statfmt++;
369 		} while (1/*CONSTCOND*/);
370 
371 		size = -1;
372 		if (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
373 			size = 0;
374 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
375 				size = (size * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
376 				statfmt++;
377 				if (size < 0)
378 					goto badfmt;
379 			}
380 		}
381 
382 		prec = -1;
383 		if (*statfmt == FMT_DOT) {
384 			statfmt++;
385 
386 			prec = 0;
387 			while (isdigit((unsigned)*statfmt)) {
388 				prec = (prec * 10) + (*statfmt - '0');
389 				statfmt++;
390 				if (prec < 0)
391 					goto badfmt;
392 			}
393 		}
394 
395 #define fmtcase(x, y) case (y): (x) = (y); statfmt++; break
396 		switch (*statfmt) {
397 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_DECIMAL);
398 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_OCTAL);
399 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_UNSIGNED);
400 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_HEX);
401 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_FLOAT);
402 			fmtcase(ofmt, FMT_STRING);
403 		default:
404 			ofmt = 0;
405 			break;
406 		}
407 
408 		switch (*statfmt) {
409 			fmtcase(hilo, HIGH_PIECE);
410 			fmtcase(hilo, MIDDLE_PIECE);
411 			fmtcase(hilo, LOW_PIECE);
412 		default:
413 			hilo = 0;
414 			break;
415 		}
416 
417 		switch (*statfmt) {
418 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_dev);
419 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ino);
420 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mode);
421 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_nlink);
422 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_uid);
423 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gid);
424 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_rdev);
425 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_atime);
426 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_mtime);
427 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_ctime);
428 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_size);
429 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blocks);
430 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_blksize);
431 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_flags);
432 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_st_gen);
433 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_symlink);
434 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filetype);
435 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_filename);
436 			fmtcase(what, SHOW_sizerdev);
437 		default:
438 			goto badfmt;
439 		}
440 #undef fmtcase
441 
442 		t = format1(st,
443 		     file,
444 		     subfmt, statfmt - subfmt,
445 		     subbuf, sizeof(subbuf),
446 		     flags, size, prec, ofmt, hilo, what);
447 
448 		for (i = 0; i < t && i < sizeof(subbuf); i++)
449 			addchar(buf, &len, sizeof(buf), subbuf[i], &nl);
450 
451 		continue;
452 
453 	badfmt:
454 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format",
455 		    (int)(statfmt - subfmt + 1), subfmt);
456 	}
457 
458 	(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, len);
459 	if (!nl && !nonl)
460 		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, "\n", sizeof("\n") - 1);
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Arranges output according to a single parsed format substring.
465  */
466 int
467 format1(const struct stat *st,
468     const char *file,
469     const char *fmt, int flen,
470     char *buf, size_t blen,
471     int flags, int size, int prec, int ofmt,
472     int hilo, int what)
473 {
474 	u_int64_t data;
475 	char *sdata, lfmt[24], tmp[20];
476 	char smode[12], sid[12], path[MAXPATHLEN + 4];
477 	struct passwd *pw;
478 	struct group *gr;
479 	const struct timespec *tsp;
480 	struct timespec ts;
481 	struct tm *tm;
482 	int l, small, formats;
483 
484 	tsp = NULL;
485 	formats = 0;
486 	small = 0;
487 
488 	/*
489 	 * First, pick out the data and tweak it based on hilo or
490 	 * specified output format (symlink output only).
491 	 */
492 	switch (what) {
493 	case SHOW_st_dev:
494 	case SHOW_st_rdev:
495 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
496 		data = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ? st->st_dev : st->st_rdev;
497 		sdata = (what == SHOW_st_dev) ?
498 		    devname(st->st_dev, S_IFBLK) :
499 		    devname(st->st_rdev,
500 		    S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) ? S_IFCHR :
501 		    S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) ? S_IFBLK :
502 		    0U);
503 		if (sdata == NULL)
504 			sdata = "???";
505 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
506 			data = major(data);
507 			hilo = 0;
508 		}
509 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
510 			data = minor((unsigned)data);
511 			hilo = 0;
512 		}
513 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX |
514 		    FMT_STRING;
515 		if (ofmt == 0)
516 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
517 		break;
518 	case SHOW_st_ino:
519 		small = (sizeof(st->st_ino) == 4);
520 		data = st->st_ino;
521 		sdata = NULL;
522 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
523 		if (ofmt == 0)
524 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
525 		break;
526 	case SHOW_st_mode:
527 		small = (sizeof(st->st_mode) == 4);
528 		data = st->st_mode;
529 		strmode(st->st_mode, smode);
530 		sdata = smode;
531 		l = strlen(sdata);
532 		if (sdata[l - 1] == ' ')
533 			sdata[--l] = '\0';
534 		if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
535 			data >>= 12;
536 			sdata += 1;
537 			sdata[3] = '\0';
538 			hilo = 0;
539 		}
540 		else if (hilo == MIDDLE_PIECE) {
541 			data = (data >> 9) & 07;
542 			sdata += 4;
543 			sdata[3] = '\0';
544 			hilo = 0;
545 		}
546 		else if (hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
547 			data &= 0777;
548 			sdata += 7;
549 			sdata[3] = '\0';
550 			hilo = 0;
551 		}
552 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX |
553 		    FMT_STRING;
554 		if (ofmt == 0)
555 			ofmt = FMT_OCTAL;
556 		break;
557 	case SHOW_st_nlink:
558 		small = (sizeof(st->st_dev) == 4);
559 		data = st->st_nlink;
560 		sdata = NULL;
561 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
562 		if (ofmt == 0)
563 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
564 		break;
565 	case SHOW_st_uid:
566 		small = (sizeof(st->st_uid) == 4);
567 		data = st->st_uid;
568 		if ((pw = getpwuid(st->st_uid)) != NULL)
569 			sdata = pw->pw_name;
570 		else {
571 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_uid);
572 			sdata = sid;
573 		}
574 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX |
575 		    FMT_STRING;
576 		if (ofmt == 0)
577 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
578 		break;
579 	case SHOW_st_gid:
580 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gid) == 4);
581 		data = st->st_gid;
582 		if ((gr = getgrgid(st->st_gid)) != NULL)
583 			sdata = gr->gr_name;
584 		else {
585 			snprintf(sid, sizeof(sid), "(%ld)", (long)st->st_gid);
586 			sdata = sid;
587 		}
588 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX |
589 		    FMT_STRING;
590 		if (ofmt == 0)
591 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
592 		break;
593 	case SHOW_st_atime:
594 		tsp = &st->st_atimespec;
595 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
596 	case SHOW_st_mtime:
597 		if (tsp == NULL)
598 			tsp = &st->st_mtimespec;
599 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
600 	case SHOW_st_ctime:
601 		if (tsp == NULL)
602 			tsp = &st->st_ctimespec;
603 		ts = *tsp;		/* copy so we can muck with it */
604 		small = (sizeof(ts.tv_sec) == 4);
605 		data = ts.tv_sec;
606 		small = 1;
607 		tm = localtime(&ts.tv_sec);
608 		(void)strftime(path, sizeof(path), timefmt, tm);
609 		sdata = path;
610 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX |
611 		    FMT_FLOAT | FMT_STRING;
612 		if (ofmt == 0)
613 			ofmt = FMT_DECIMAL;
614 		break;
615 	case SHOW_st_size:
616 		small = (sizeof(st->st_size) == 4);
617 		data = st->st_size;
618 		sdata = NULL;
619 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
620 		if (ofmt == 0)
621 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
622 		break;
623 	case SHOW_st_blocks:
624 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blocks) == 4);
625 		data = st->st_blocks;
626 		sdata = NULL;
627 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
628 		if (ofmt == 0)
629 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
630 		break;
631 	case SHOW_st_blksize:
632 		small = (sizeof(st->st_blksize) == 4);
633 		data = st->st_blksize;
634 		sdata = NULL;
635 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
636 		if (ofmt == 0)
637 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
638 		break;
639 	case SHOW_st_flags:
640 		small = (sizeof(st->st_flags) == 4);
641 		data = st->st_flags;
642 		sdata = NULL;
643 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
644 		if (ofmt == 0)
645 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
646 		break;
647 	case SHOW_st_gen:
648 		small = (sizeof(st->st_gen) == 4);
649 		data = st->st_gen;
650 		sdata = NULL;
651 		formats = FMT_DECIMAL | FMT_OCTAL | FMT_UNSIGNED | FMT_HEX;
652 		if (ofmt == 0)
653 			ofmt = FMT_UNSIGNED;
654 		break;
655 	case SHOW_symlink:
656 		small = 0;
657 		data = 0;
658 		if (S_ISLNK(st->st_mode)) {
659 			snprintf(path, sizeof(path), " -> ");
660 			l = readlink(file, path + 4, sizeof(path) - 4);
661 			if (l == -1) {
662 				l = 0;
663 				path[0] = '\0';
664 			}
665 			path[l + 4] = '\0';
666 			sdata = path + (ofmt == FMT_STRING ? 0 : 4);
667 		}
668 		else
669 			sdata = "";
670 		formats = FMT_STRING;
671 		if (ofmt == 0)
672 			ofmt = FMT_STRING;
673 		break;
674 	case SHOW_filetype:
675 		small = 0;
676 		data = 0;
677 		sdata = smode;
678 		sdata[0] = '\0';
679 		if (hilo == 0 || hilo == LOW_PIECE) {
680 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
681 			case S_IFIFO:	(void)strcat(sdata, "|");	break;
682 			case S_IFDIR:	(void)strcat(sdata, "/");	break;
683 			case S_IFREG:
684 				if (st->st_mode &
685 				    (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
686 					(void)strcat(sdata, "*");
687 				break;
688 			case S_IFLNK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "@");	break;
689 			case S_IFSOCK:	(void)strcat(sdata, "=");	break;
690 			case S_IFWHT:	(void)strcat(sdata, "%");	break;
691 			}
692 			hilo = 0;
693 		}
694 		else if (hilo == HIGH_PIECE) {
695 			switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
696 			case S_IFIFO:	sdata = "Fifo File";		break;
697 			case S_IFCHR:	sdata = "Character Device";	break;
698 			case S_IFDIR:	sdata = "Directory";		break;
699 			case S_IFBLK:	sdata = "Block Device";		break;
700 			case S_IFREG:	sdata = "Regular File";		break;
701 			case S_IFLNK:	sdata = "Symbolic Link";	break;
702 			case S_IFSOCK:	sdata = "Socket";		break;
703 			case S_IFWHT:	sdata = "Whiteout File";	break;
704 			default:	sdata = "???";			break;
705 			}
706 			hilo = 0;
707 		}
708 		formats = FMT_STRING;
709 		if (ofmt == 0)
710 			ofmt = FMT_STRING;
711 		break;
712 	case SHOW_filename:
713 		small = 0;
714 		data = 0;
715 		if (file == NULL)
716 			(void)strncpy(path, "(stdin)", sizeof(path));
717 		else
718 			(void)strncpy(path, file, sizeof(path));
719 		sdata = path;
720 		formats = FMT_STRING;
721 		if (ofmt == 0)
722 			ofmt = FMT_STRING;
723 		break;
724 	case SHOW_sizerdev:
725 		if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) {
726 			char majdev[20], mindev[20];
727 			int l1, l2;
728 
729 			l1 = format1(st,
730 			    file,
731 			    fmt, flen,
732 			    majdev, sizeof(majdev),
733 			    flags, size, prec,
734 			    ofmt, HIGH_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
735 			l2 = format1(st,
736 			    file,
737 			    fmt, flen,
738 			    mindev, sizeof(mindev),
739 			    flags, size, prec,
740 			    ofmt, LOW_PIECE, SHOW_st_rdev);
741 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, "%.*s,%.*s",
742 			    l1, majdev, l2, mindev));
743 		}
744 		else {
745 			return (format1(st,
746 			    file,
747 			    fmt, flen,
748 			    buf, blen,
749 			    flags, size, prec,
750 			    ofmt, 0, SHOW_st_size));
751 		}
752 		/*NOTREACHED*/
753 	default:
754 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
755 	}
756 
757 	/*
758 	 * If a subdatum was specified but not supported, or an output
759 	 * format was selected that is not supported, that's an error.
760 	 */
761 	if (hilo != 0 || (ofmt & formats) == 0)
762 		errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
763 
764 	/*
765 	 * Assemble the format string for passing to printf(3).
766 	 */
767 	lfmt[0] = '\0';
768 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "%");
769 	if (flags & FLAG_POUND)
770 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "#");
771 	if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
772 		(void)strcat(lfmt, " ");
773 	if (flags & FLAG_PLUS)
774 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "+");
775 	if (flags & FLAG_MINUS)
776 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "-");
777 	if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
778 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "0");
779 
780 	/*
781 	 * Only the timespecs support the FLOAT output format, and that
782 	 * requires work that differs from the other formats.
783 	 */
784 	if (ofmt == FMT_FLOAT) {
785 		/*
786 		 * Nothing after the decimal point, so just print seconds.
787 		 */
788 		if (prec == 0) {
789 			if (size != -1) {
790 				(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
791 				(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
792 			}
793 			(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
794 			return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, ts.tv_sec));
795 		}
796 
797 		/*
798 		 * Unspecified precision gets all the precision we have:
799 		 * 9 digits.
800 		 */
801 		if (prec == -1)
802 			prec = 9;
803 
804 		/*
805 		 * Adjust the size for the decimal point and the digits
806 		 * that will follow.
807 		 */
808 		size -= prec + 1;
809 
810 		/*
811 		 * Any leftover size that's legitimate will be used.
812 		 */
813 		if (size > 0) {
814 			(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
815 			(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
816 		}
817 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");
818 
819 		/*
820 		 * The stuff after the decimal point always needs zero
821 		 * filling.
822 		 */
823 		(void)strcat(lfmt, ".%0");
824 
825 		/*
826 		 * We can "print" at most nine digits of precision.  The
827 		 * rest we will pad on at the end.
828 		 */
829 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%dd", prec > 9 ? 9 : prec);
830 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
831 
832 		/*
833 		 * For precision of less that nine digits, trim off the
834 		 * less significant figures.
835 		 */
836 		for (; prec < 9; prec++)
837 			ts.tv_nsec /= 10;
838 
839 		/*
840 		 * Use the format, and then tack on any zeroes that
841 		 * might be required to make up the requested precision.
842 		 */
843 		l = snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec);
844 		for (; prec > 9 && l < blen; prec--, l++)
845 			(void)strcat(buf, "0");
846 		return (l);
847 	}
848 
849 	/*
850 	 * Add on size and precision, if specified, to the format.
851 	 */
852 	if (size != -1) {
853 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", size);
854 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
855 	}
856 	if (prec != -1) {
857 		(void)snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%d", prec);
858 		(void)strcat(lfmt, tmp);
859 	}
860 
861 	/*
862 	 * String output uses the temporary sdata.
863 	 */
864 	if (ofmt == FMT_STRING) {
865 		if (sdata == NULL)
866 			errx(1, "%.*s: bad format", (int)flen, fmt);
867 		(void)strcat(lfmt, "s");
868 		return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, sdata));
869 	}
870 
871 	/*
872 	 * Ensure that sign extension does not cause bad looking output
873 	 * for some forms.
874 	 */
875 	if (small && ofmt != FMT_DECIMAL)
876 		data = (u_int32_t)data;
877 
878 	/*
879 	 * The four "numeric" output forms.
880 	 */
881 	(void)strcat(lfmt, "ll");
882 	switch (ofmt) {
883 	case FMT_DECIMAL:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "d");	break;
884 	case FMT_OCTAL:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "o");	break;
885 	case FMT_UNSIGNED:	(void)strcat(lfmt, "u");	break;
886 	case FMT_HEX:		(void)strcat(lfmt, "x");	break;
887 	}
888 
889 	return (snprintf(buf, blen, lfmt, data));
890 }
891