xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/midirecord/midirecord.c (revision 6cd39ddb8550f6fa1bff3fed32053d7f19fd0453)
1 /*	$NetBSD: midirecord.c,v 1.10 2015/09/23 05:31:01 mrg Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 Matthew R. Green
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
21  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
22  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
23  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
24  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * midirecord(1), similar to audiorecord(1).
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 
35 #ifndef lint
36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: midirecord.c,v 1.10 2015/09/23 05:31:01 mrg Exp $");
37 #endif
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/midiio.h>
41 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 #include <sys/uio.h>
44 
45 #include <err.h>
46 #include <errno.h>
47 #include <ctype.h>
48 #include <fcntl.h>
49 #include <paths.h>
50 #include <signal.h>
51 #include <stdio.h>
52 #include <stdlib.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54 #include <unistd.h>
55 #include <util.h>
56 #include <assert.h>
57 #include <stdbool.h>
58 
59 #include "libaudio.h"
60 
61 static const char *midi_device;
62 static unsigned	*filt_devnos = NULL;
63 static unsigned	*filt_chans = NULL;
64 static unsigned num_filt_devnos, num_filt_chans;
65 static char	*raw_output;
66 static int	midifd;
67 static int	aflag, qflag, oflag;
68 static bool debug = false;
69 int	verbose;
70 static int	outfd, rawfd = -1;
71 static ssize_t	data_size;
72 static struct timeval record_time;
73 static struct timeval start_time;
74 static int	tempo = 120;
75 static unsigned	round_beats = 1;
76 static unsigned	notes_per_beat = 24;
77 static bool ignore_timer_fail = false;
78 static bool stdout_mode = false;
79 
80 static void debug_log(const char *, size_t, const char *, ...)
81     __printflike(3, 4);
82 static size_t midi_event_local_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
83 static size_t midi_event_timer_wait_abs_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *,
84 						  size_t);
85 static size_t midi_event_timer_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
86 static size_t midi_event_chn_common_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
87 static size_t midi_event_chn_voice_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
88 static size_t midi_event_sysex_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
89 static size_t midi_event_fullsize_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
90 static size_t midi_event_to_output(seq_event_t, u_char *, size_t);
91 static int timeleft(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
92 static bool filter_array(unsigned, unsigned *, size_t);
93 static bool filter_dev(unsigned);
94 static bool filter_chan(unsigned);
95 static bool filter_devchan(unsigned, unsigned);
96 static void parse_ints(const char *, unsigned **, unsigned *, const char *);
97 static void cleanup(int) __dead;
98 static void rewrite_header(void);
99 static void write_midi_header(void);
100 static void write_midi_trailer(void);
101 static void usage(void) __dead;
102 
103 #define PATH_DEV_MUSIC "/dev/music"
104 
105 int
106 main(int argc, char *argv[])
107 {
108 	u_char	*buffer;
109 	size_t	bufsize = 0;
110 	int	ch, no_time_limit = 1;
111 
112 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "aB:c:Dd:f:hn:oqr:t:T:V")) != -1) {
113 		switch (ch) {
114 		case 'a':
115 			aflag++;
116 			break;
117 		case 'B':
118 			bufsize = strsuftoll("read buffer size", optarg,
119 					     1, UINT_MAX);
120 			break;
121 		case 'c':
122 			parse_ints(optarg, &filt_chans, &num_filt_chans,
123 			    "channels");
124 			break;
125 		case 'D':
126 			debug = true;
127 			break;
128 		case 'd':
129 			parse_ints(optarg, &filt_devnos, &num_filt_devnos,
130 			    "devices");
131 			break;
132 		case 'f':
133 			midi_device = optarg;
134 			ignore_timer_fail = true;
135 			break;
136 		case 'n':
137 			decode_uint(optarg, &notes_per_beat);
138 			break;
139 		case 'o':
140 			oflag++;	/* time stamp starts at proc start */
141 			break;
142 		case 'q':
143 			qflag++;
144 			break;
145 		case 'r':
146 			raw_output = optarg;
147 			break;
148 		case 'R':
149 			decode_uint(optarg, &round_beats);
150 			if (round_beats == 0)
151 				errx(1, "-R <round_beats> must be a positive integer");
152 			break;
153 		case 't':
154 			no_time_limit = 0;
155 			decode_time(optarg, &record_time);
156 			break;
157 		case 'T':
158 			decode_int(optarg, &tempo);
159 			break;
160 		case 'V':
161 			verbose++;
162 			break;
163 		/* case 'h': */
164 		default:
165 			usage();
166 			/* NOTREACHED */
167 		}
168 	}
169 	argc -= optind;
170 	argv += optind;
171 
172 	if (argc != 1)
173 		usage();
174 
175 	/*
176 	 * work out the buffer size to use, and allocate it.  don't allow it
177 	 * to be too small.
178 	 */
179 	if (bufsize < 32)
180 		bufsize = 32 * 1024;
181 	buffer = malloc(bufsize);
182 	if (buffer == NULL)
183 		err(1, "couldn't malloc buffer of %d size", (int)bufsize);
184 
185 	/*
186 	 * open the music device
187 	 */
188 	if (midi_device == NULL && (midi_device = getenv("MIDIDEVICE")) == NULL)
189 		midi_device = PATH_DEV_MUSIC;
190 	midifd = open(midi_device, O_RDONLY);
191 	if (midifd < 0)
192 		err(1, "failed to open %s", midi_device);
193 
194 	/* open the output file */
195 	if (argv[0][0] != '-' || argv[0][1] != '\0') {
196 		int mode = O_CREAT|(aflag ? O_APPEND : O_TRUNC)|O_WRONLY;
197 
198 		outfd = open(*argv, mode, 0666);
199 		if (outfd < 0)
200 			err(1, "could not open %s", *argv);
201 	} else {
202 		stdout_mode = true;
203 		outfd = STDOUT_FILENO;
204 	}
205 
206 	/* open the raw output file */
207 	if (raw_output) {
208 		int mode = O_CREAT|(aflag ? O_APPEND : O_TRUNC)|O_WRONLY;
209 
210 		rawfd = open(raw_output, mode, 0666);
211 		if (rawfd < 0)
212 			err(1, "could not open %s", raw_output);
213 	}
214 
215 	/* start the midi timer */
216 	if (ioctl(midifd, SEQUENCER_TMR_START, NULL) < 0) {
217 		if (ignore_timer_fail)
218 			warn("failed to start midi timer");
219 		else
220 			err(1, "failed to start midi timer");
221 	}
222 
223 	/* set the timebase */
224 	if (ioctl(midifd, SEQUENCER_TMR_TIMEBASE, &notes_per_beat) < 0) {
225 		if (ignore_timer_fail)
226 			warn("SEQUENCER_TMR_TIMEBASE: notes_per_beat %d",
227 			     notes_per_beat);
228 		else
229 			err(1, "SEQUENCER_TMR_TIMEBASE: notes_per_beat %d",
230 			    notes_per_beat);
231 	}
232 
233 	/* set the tempo */
234 	if (ioctl(midifd, SEQUENCER_TMR_TEMPO, &tempo) < 0) {
235 		if (ignore_timer_fail)
236 			warn("SEQUENCER_TMR_TIMEBASE: tempo %d", tempo);
237 		else
238 			err(1, "SEQUENCER_TMR_TIMEBASE: tempo %d", tempo);
239 	}
240 
241 	signal(SIGINT, cleanup);
242 
243 	data_size = 0;
244 
245 	if (verbose)
246 		fprintf(stderr, "tempo=%d notes_per_beat=%u\n",
247 		   tempo, notes_per_beat);
248 
249 	if (!no_time_limit && verbose)
250 		fprintf(stderr, "recording for %lu seconds, %lu microseconds\n",
251 		    (u_long)record_time.tv_sec, (u_long)record_time.tv_usec);
252 
253 	/* Create a midi header. */
254 	write_midi_header();
255 
256 	(void)gettimeofday(&start_time, NULL);
257 	while (no_time_limit || timeleft(&start_time, &record_time)) {
258 		seq_event_t e;
259 		size_t wrsize;
260 		size_t rdsize;
261 
262 		rdsize = (size_t)read(midifd, &e, sizeof e);
263 		if (rdsize == 0)
264 			break;
265 
266 		if (rdsize != sizeof e)
267 			err(1, "read failed");
268 
269 		if (rawfd != -1 && write(rawfd, &e, sizeof e) != sizeof e)
270 			err(1, "write to raw file failed");
271 
272 		/* convert 'e' into something useful for output */
273 		wrsize = midi_event_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
274 
275 		if (wrsize) {
276 			if ((size_t)write(outfd, buffer, wrsize) != wrsize)
277 				err(1, "write failed");
278 			data_size += wrsize;
279 		}
280 	}
281 	cleanup(0);
282 }
283 
284 static void
285 debug_log(const char *file, size_t line, const char *fmt, ...)
286 {
287 	va_list ap;
288 
289 	if (!debug)
290 		return;
291 	fprintf(stderr, "%s:%zu: ", file, line);
292 	va_start(ap, fmt);
293 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
294 	va_end(ap);
295 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
296 }
297 
298 #define LOG(fmt...) \
299 	debug_log(__func__, __LINE__, fmt)
300 
301 
302 /*
303  * handle a SEQ_LOCAL event.  NetBSD /dev/music doesn't generate these.
304  */
305 static size_t
306 midi_event_local_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
307 {
308 	size_t	size = 0;
309 
310 	LOG("UNHANDLED SEQ_LOCAL");
311 
312 	return size;
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * convert a midi absolute time event to a variable length delay
317  */
318 static size_t
319 midi_event_timer_wait_abs_to_output(
320 	seq_event_t e,
321 	u_char *buffer,
322 	size_t bufsize)
323 {
324 	static unsigned prev_div;
325 	static int prev_leftover;
326 	unsigned cur_div;
327 	unsigned val = 0, xdiv;
328 	int vallen = 0, i;
329 
330 	if (prev_div == 0 && !oflag)
331 		prev_div = e.t_WAIT_ABS.divisions;
332 	cur_div = e.t_WAIT_ABS.divisions;
333 
334 	xdiv = cur_div - prev_div + prev_leftover;
335 	if (round_beats != 1) {
336 		// round to closest
337 		prev_leftover = xdiv % round_beats;
338 		xdiv -= prev_leftover;
339 		if (verbose)
340 			fprintf(stderr, "adjusted beat value to %x (leftover = %d)\n",
341 			    xdiv, prev_leftover);
342 	}
343 	if (xdiv) {
344 		while (xdiv) {
345 			uint32_t extra = val ? 0x80 : 0;
346 
347 			val <<= 8;
348 			val |= (xdiv & 0x7f) | extra;
349 			xdiv >>= 7;
350 			vallen++;
351 		}
352 	} else
353 		vallen = 1;
354 
355 	for (i = 0; i < vallen; i++) {
356 		buffer[i] = val & 0xff;
357 		val >>= 8;
358 	}
359 	for (; i < 4; i++)
360 		buffer[i] = 0;
361 	LOG("TMR_WAIT_ABS: new div %x (cur %x prev %x): bufval (len=%u): "
362 	    "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
363 	    cur_div - prev_div, cur_div, prev_div,
364 	    vallen, buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3]);
365 
366 	prev_div = cur_div;
367 
368 	return vallen;
369 }
370 
371 /*
372  * handle a SEQ_TIMING event.
373  */
374 static size_t
375 midi_event_timer_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
376 {
377 	size_t	size = 0;
378 
379 	LOG("SEQ_TIMING");
380 	switch (e.timing.op) {
381 	case TMR_WAIT_REL:
382 		/* NetBSD /dev/music doesn't generate these. */
383 		LOG("UNHANDLED TMR_WAIT_REL: divisions: %x", e.t_WAIT_REL.divisions);
384 		break;
385 
386 	case TMR_WAIT_ABS:
387 		size = midi_event_timer_wait_abs_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
388 		break;
389 
390 	case TMR_STOP:
391 	case TMR_START:
392 	case TMR_CONTINUE:
393 	case TMR_TEMPO:
394 	case TMR_ECHO:
395 	case TMR_CLOCK:
396 	case TMR_SPP:
397 	case TMR_TIMESIG:
398 		/* NetBSD /dev/music doesn't generate these. */
399 		LOG("UNHANDLED timer op: %x", e.timing.op);
400 		break;
401 
402 	default:
403 		LOG("unknown timer op: %x", e.timing.op);
404 		break;
405 	}
406 
407 	return size;
408 }
409 
410 /*
411  * handle a SEQ_CHN_COMMON event.
412  */
413 static size_t
414 midi_event_chn_common_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
415 {
416 	size_t	size = 0;
417 
418 	assert(e.common.channel < 16);
419 	LOG("SEQ_CHN_COMMON");
420 
421 	if (filter_devchan(e.common.device, e.common.channel))
422 		return 0;
423 
424 	switch (e.common.op) {
425 	case MIDI_CTL_CHANGE:
426 		buffer[0] = MIDI_CTL_CHANGE | e.c_CTL_CHANGE.channel;
427 		buffer[1] = e.c_CTL_CHANGE.controller;
428 		buffer[2] = e.c_CTL_CHANGE.value;
429 		LOG("MIDI_CTL_CHANGE: channel %x ctrl %x val %x",
430 		    e.c_CTL_CHANGE.channel, e.c_CTL_CHANGE.controller,
431 		    e.c_CTL_CHANGE.value);
432 		size = 3;
433 		break;
434 
435 	case MIDI_PGM_CHANGE:
436 		buffer[0] = MIDI_PGM_CHANGE | e.c_PGM_CHANGE.channel;
437 		buffer[1] = e.c_PGM_CHANGE.program;
438 		LOG("MIDI_PGM_CHANGE: channel %x program %x",
439 		    e.c_PGM_CHANGE.channel, e.c_PGM_CHANGE.program);
440 		size = 2;
441 		break;
442 
443 	case MIDI_CHN_PRESSURE:
444 		buffer[0] = MIDI_CHN_PRESSURE | e.c_CHN_PRESSURE.channel;
445 		buffer[1] = e.c_CHN_PRESSURE.pressure;
446 		LOG("MIDI_CHN_PRESSURE: channel %x pressure %x",
447 		    e.c_CHN_PRESSURE.channel, e.c_CHN_PRESSURE.pressure);
448 		size = 2;
449 		break;
450 
451 	case MIDI_PITCH_BEND:
452 		buffer[0] = MIDI_PITCH_BEND | e.c_PITCH_BEND.channel;
453 		/* 14 bits split over 2 data bytes, lsb first */
454 		buffer[1] = e.c_PITCH_BEND.value & 0x7f;
455 		buffer[2] = (e.c_PITCH_BEND.value >> 7) & 0x7f;
456 		LOG("MIDI_PITCH_BEND: channel %x val %x",
457 		    e.c_PITCH_BEND.channel, e.c_PITCH_BEND.value);
458 		size = 3;
459 		break;
460 
461 	default:
462 		LOG("unknown common op: %x", e.voice.op);
463 		break;
464 	}
465 
466 	return size;
467 }
468 
469 /*
470  * handle a SEQ_CHN_VOICE event.
471  */
472 static size_t
473 midi_event_chn_voice_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
474 {
475 	size_t	size = 0;
476 
477 	assert(e.common.channel < 16);
478 	LOG("SEQ_CHN_VOICE");
479 
480 	if (filter_devchan(e.voice.device, e.voice.channel))
481 		return 0;
482 
483 	switch (e.voice.op) {
484 	case MIDI_NOTEOFF:
485 		buffer[0] = MIDI_NOTEOFF | e.c_NOTEOFF.channel;
486 		buffer[1] = e.c_NOTEOFF.key;
487 		buffer[2] = e.c_NOTEOFF.velocity;
488 
489 		LOG("MIDI_NOTEOFF: channel %x key %x velocity %x",
490 		    e.c_NOTEOFF.channel, e.c_NOTEOFF.key, e.c_NOTEOFF.velocity);
491 		size = 3;
492 		break;
493 
494 	case MIDI_NOTEON:
495 		buffer[0] = MIDI_NOTEON | e.c_NOTEON.channel;
496 		buffer[1] = e.c_NOTEON.key;
497 		buffer[2] = e.c_NOTEON.velocity;
498 
499 		LOG("MIDI_NOTEON: channel %x key %x velocity %x",
500 		    e.c_NOTEON.channel, e.c_NOTEON.key, e.c_NOTEON.velocity);
501 		size = 3;
502 		break;
503 
504 	case MIDI_KEY_PRESSURE:
505 		buffer[0] = MIDI_KEY_PRESSURE | e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.channel;
506 		buffer[1] = e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.key;
507 		buffer[2] = e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.pressure;
508 
509 		LOG("MIDI_KEY_PRESSURE: channel %x key %x pressure %x",
510 		    e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.channel, e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.key,
511 		    e.c_KEY_PRESSURE.pressure);
512 		size = 3;
513 		break;
514 
515 	default:
516 		LOG("unknown voice op: %x", e.voice.op);
517 		break;
518 	}
519 
520 	return size;
521 }
522 
523 /*
524  * handle a SEQ_SYSEX event.  NetBSD /dev/music doesn't generate these.
525  */
526 static size_t
527 midi_event_sysex_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
528 {
529 	size_t	size = 0;
530 
531 	LOG("UNHANDLED SEQ_SYSEX");
532 
533 	return size;
534 }
535 
536 /*
537  * handle a SEQ_FULLSIZE event.  NetBSD /dev/music doesn't generate these.
538  */
539 static size_t
540 midi_event_fullsize_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
541 {
542 	size_t	size = 0;
543 
544 	LOG("UNHANDLED SEQ_FULLSIZE");
545 
546 	return size;
547 }
548 
549 /*
550  * main handler for MIDI events.
551  */
552 static size_t
553 midi_event_to_output(seq_event_t e, u_char *buffer, size_t bufsize)
554 {
555 	size_t size = 0;
556 
557 	/* XXX so far we only process 4 byte returns */
558 	assert(bufsize >= 4);
559 
560 	LOG("event: %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x", e.tag,
561 	     e.unknown.byte[0], e.unknown.byte[1],
562 	     e.unknown.byte[2], e.unknown.byte[3],
563 	     e.unknown.byte[4], e.unknown.byte[5],
564 	     e.unknown.byte[6]);
565 
566 	switch (e.tag) {
567 	case SEQ_LOCAL:
568 		size = midi_event_local_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
569 		break;
570 
571 	case SEQ_TIMING:
572 		size = midi_event_timer_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
573 		break;
574 
575 	case SEQ_CHN_COMMON:
576 		size = midi_event_chn_common_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
577 		break;
578 
579 	case SEQ_CHN_VOICE:
580 		size = midi_event_chn_voice_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
581 		break;
582 
583 	case SEQ_SYSEX:
584 		size = midi_event_sysex_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
585 		break;
586 
587 	case SEQ_FULLSIZE:
588 		size = midi_event_fullsize_to_output(e, buffer, bufsize);
589 		break;
590 
591 	default:
592 		errx(1, "don't understand midi tag %x", e.tag);
593 	}
594 
595 	return size;
596 }
597 
598 static bool
599 filter_array(unsigned val, unsigned *array, size_t arraylen)
600 {
601 
602 	if (array == NULL)
603 		return false;
604 
605 	for (; arraylen; arraylen--)
606 		if (array[arraylen - 1] == val)
607 			return false;
608 
609 	return true;
610 }
611 
612 static bool
613 filter_dev(unsigned device)
614 {
615 
616 	if (filter_array(device, filt_devnos, num_filt_devnos))
617 		return true;
618 
619 	return false;
620 }
621 
622 static bool
623 filter_chan(unsigned channel)
624 {
625 
626 	if (filter_array(channel, filt_chans, num_filt_chans))
627 		return true;
628 
629 	return false;
630 }
631 
632 static bool
633 filter_devchan(unsigned device, unsigned channel)
634 {
635 
636 	if (filter_dev(device) || filter_chan(channel))
637 		return true;
638 
639 	return false;
640 }
641 
642 static int
643 timeleft(struct timeval *start_tvp, struct timeval *record_tvp)
644 {
645 	struct timeval now, diff;
646 
647 	(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
648 	timersub(&now, start_tvp, &diff);
649 	timersub(record_tvp, &diff, &now);
650 
651 	return (now.tv_sec > 0 || (now.tv_sec == 0 && now.tv_usec > 0));
652 }
653 
654 static void
655 parse_ints(const char *str, unsigned **arrayp, unsigned *sizep, const char *msg)
656 {
657 	unsigned count = 1, u, longest = 0, c = 0;
658 	unsigned *ip;
659 	const char *s, *os;
660 	char *num_buf;
661 
662 	/*
663 	 * count all the comma separated values, and figre out
664 	 * the longest one.
665 	 */
666 	for (s = str; *s; s++) {
667 		c++;
668 		if (*s == ',') {
669 			count++;
670 			if (c > longest)
671 				longest = c;
672 			c = 0;
673 		}
674 	}
675 	*sizep = count;
676 
677 	num_buf = malloc(longest + 1);
678 	ip = malloc(sizeof(*ip) * count);
679 	if (!ip || !num_buf)
680 		errx(1, "malloc failed");
681 
682 	for (count = 0, s = os = str, u = 0; *s; s++) {
683 		if (*s == ',') {
684 			num_buf[u] = '\0';
685 			decode_uint(num_buf, &ip[count++]);
686 			os = s + 1;
687 			u = 0;
688 		} else
689 			num_buf[u++] = *s;
690 	}
691 	num_buf[u] = '\0';
692 	decode_uint(num_buf, &ip[count++]);
693 	*arrayp = ip;
694 
695 	if (verbose) {
696 		fprintf(stderr, "Filtering %s in:", msg);
697 		for (size_t i = 0; i < *sizep; i++)
698 			fprintf(stderr, " %u", ip[i]);
699 		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
700 	}
701 
702 	free(num_buf);
703 }
704 
705 static void
706 cleanup(int signo)
707 {
708 
709 	write_midi_trailer();
710 	rewrite_header();
711 
712 	if (ioctl(midifd, SEQUENCER_TMR_STOP, NULL) < 0) {
713 		if (ignore_timer_fail)
714 			warn("failed to stop midi timer");
715 		else
716 			err(1, "failed to stop midi timer");
717 	}
718 
719 	close(outfd);
720 	close(midifd);
721 	if (signo != 0)
722 		(void)raise_default_signal(signo);
723 
724 	exit(0);
725 }
726 
727 static void
728 rewrite_header(void)
729 {
730 
731 	/* can't do this here! */
732 	if (stdout_mode)
733 		return;
734 
735 	if (lseek(outfd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
736 		err(1, "could not seek to start of file for header rewrite");
737 	write_midi_header();
738 }
739 
740 #define BYTE1(x)        ((x) & 0xff)
741 #define BYTE2(x)        (((x) >> 8) & 0xff)
742 #define BYTE3(x)        (((x) >> 16) & 0xff)
743 #define BYTE4(x)        (((x) >> 24) & 0xff)
744 
745 static void
746 write_midi_header(void)
747 {
748 	unsigned char header[] = {
749 		'M', 'T', 'h', 'd',
750 		0, 0, 0, 6,
751 		0, 1,
752 		0, 0, /* ntracks */
753 		0, 0, /* notes per beat */
754 	};
755 	/* XXX only support one track so far */
756 	unsigned ntracks = 1;
757 	unsigned char track[] = {
758 		'M', 'T', 'r', 'k',
759 		0, 0, 0, 0,
760 	};
761 	unsigned char bpm[] = {
762 		0, 0xff, 0x51, 0x3,
763 		0, 0, 0, /* inverse tempo */
764 	};
765 	unsigned total_size = data_size + sizeof header + sizeof track + sizeof bpm;
766 
767 	header[10] = BYTE2(ntracks);
768 	header[11] = BYTE1(ntracks);
769 	header[12] = BYTE2(notes_per_beat);
770 	header[13] = BYTE1(notes_per_beat);
771 
772 	track[4] = BYTE4(total_size);
773 	track[5] = BYTE3(total_size);
774 	track[6] = BYTE2(total_size);
775 	track[7] = BYTE1(total_size);
776 
777 #define TEMPO_INV(x)    (60000000UL / (x))
778 	bpm[4] = BYTE3(TEMPO_INV(tempo));
779 	bpm[5] = BYTE2(TEMPO_INV(tempo));
780 	bpm[6] = BYTE1(TEMPO_INV(tempo));
781 
782 	if (write(outfd, header, sizeof header) != sizeof header)
783 		err(1, "write of header failed");
784 	if (write(outfd, track, sizeof track) != sizeof track)
785 		err(1, "write of track header failed");
786 	if (write(outfd, bpm, sizeof bpm) != sizeof bpm)
787 		err(1, "write of bpm header failed");
788 
789 	LOG("wrote header: ntracks=%u notes_per_beat=%u tempo=%d total_size=%u",
790 	    ntracks, notes_per_beat, tempo, total_size);
791 }
792 
793 static void
794 write_midi_trailer(void)
795 {
796 	unsigned char trailer[] = {
797 		0, 0xff, 0x2f, 0,
798 	};
799 
800 	if (write(outfd, trailer, sizeof trailer) != sizeof trailer)
801 		err(1, "write of trailer failed");
802 }
803 
804 static void
805 usage(void)
806 {
807 
808 	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-aDfhqV] [options] {outfile|-}\n",
809 	    getprogname());
810 	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n"
811 	    "\t-B buffer size\n"
812 	    "\t-c channels\n"
813 	    "\t-d devices\n"
814 	    "\t-f sequencerdev\n"
815 	    "\t-n notesperbeat\n"
816 	    "\t-r raw_output\n"
817 	    "\t-T tempo\n"
818 	    "\t-t recording time\n");
819 	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
820 }
821