1.\" $NetBSD: lam.1,v 1.5 2003/08/07 11:14:16 agc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)lam.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 31.\" 32.Dd December 1, 2001 33.Dt LAM 1 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm lam 37.Nd laminate files 38.Sh SYNOPSIS 39.Nm 40.Op Fl f Ar min.max 41.Op Fl p Ar min.max 42.Op Fl s Ar sepstring 43.Op Fl t Ar c 44.Ar file ... 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm 47copies the named files side by side onto the standard output. 48The 49.Em n Ns -th 50input lines from the input 51.Ar files 52are considered fragments of the single long 53.Em n Ns -th 54output line into which they are assembled. 55The name 56.Dq \&- 57means the standard input, and may be repeated. 58.Pp 59Normally, each option affects only the 60.Ar file 61after it. 62If the option letter is capitalized it affects all subsequent files 63until it appears again uncapitalized. 64The options are described below. 65.Bl -tag -width "-s sepstring" -compact 66.It Fl f Ar min.max 67Print line fragments according to the format string 68.Ar min.max , 69where 70.Ar min 71is the minimum field width and 72.Ar max 73the maximum field width. 74If 75.Ar min 76begins with a zero, zeros will be added to make up the field width, 77and if it begins with a 78.Sq \&- , 79the fragment will be left-adjusted 80within the field. 81.It Fl p Ar min.max 82Like 83.Fl f , 84but pad this file's field when end-of-file is reached 85and other files are still active. 86.It Fl s Ar sepstring 87Print 88.Ar sepstring 89before printing line fragments from the next file. 90This option may appear after the last file. 91.It Fl t Ar c 92The input line terminator is 93.Ar c 94instead of a newline. 95The newline normally appended to each output line is omitted. 96.El 97.Pp 98To print files simultaneously for easy viewing use 99.Xr pr 1 . 100.Sh EXAMPLES 101The command 102.Bd -literal -offset indent 103lam file1 file2 file3 file4 104.Ed 105.Pp 106joins 4 files together along each line. 107To merge the lines from four different files use 108.Bd -literal -offset indent 109lam file1 \-S "\\ 110" file2 file3 file4 111.Ed 112.Pp 113Every 2 lines of a file may be joined on one line with 114.Bd -literal -offset indent 115lam \- \- \*[Lt] file 116.Ed 117.Pp 118and a form letter with substitutions keyed by 119.Sq \&@ 120can be done with 121.Bd -literal -offset indent 122lam \-t @ letter changes 123.Ed 124.Sh SEE ALSO 125.Xr join 1 , 126.Xr pr 1 , 127.Xr printf 3 128