xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/kdump/kdump.c (revision cac8e449158efc7261bebc8657cbb0125a2cfdde)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kdump.c,v 1.98 2008/07/21 14:19:23 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)kdump.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: kdump.c,v 1.98 2008/07/21 14:19:23 lukem Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #define _KERNEL
48 #include <sys/errno.h>
49 #undef _KERNEL
50 #include <sys/time.h>
51 #include <sys/uio.h>
52 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
53 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
54 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
55 
56 #include <ctype.h>
57 #include <err.h>
58 #include <signal.h>
59 #include <stddef.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <vis.h>
65 
66 #include "ktrace.h"
67 #include "setemul.h"
68 
69 #include <sys/syscall.h>
70 
71 static int timestamp, decimal, plain, tail, maxdata = -1, numeric;
72 static int word_size = 0;
73 static pid_t do_pid = -1;
74 static const char *tracefile = NULL;
75 static struct ktr_header ktr_header;
76 static int emul_changed = 0;
77 
78 #define eqs(s1, s2)	(strcmp((s1), (s2)) == 0)
79 #define small(v)	(((long)(v) >= 0) && ((long)(v) < 10))
80 
81 static const char * const ptrace_ops[] = {
82 	"PT_TRACE_ME",	"PT_READ_I",	"PT_READ_D",	"PT_READ_U",
83 	"PT_WRITE_I",	"PT_WRITE_D",	"PT_WRITE_U",	"PT_CONTINUE",
84 	"PT_KILL",	"PT_ATTACH",	"PT_DETACH",	"PT_IO",
85 	"PT_DUMPCORE",	"PT_LWPINFO", 	"PT_SYSCALL",
86 };
87 
88 #ifdef PT_MACHDEP_STRINGS
89 static const char * const ptrace_machdep_ops[] = { PT_MACHDEP_STRINGS };
90 #endif
91 
92 static const char * const linux_ptrace_ops[] = {
93 	"PTRACE_TRACEME",
94 	"PTRACE_PEEKTEXT", "PTRACE_PEEKDATA", "PTRACE_PEEKUSER",
95 	"PTRACE_POKETEXT", "PTRACE_POKEDATA", "PTRACE_POKEUSER",
96 	"PTRACE_CONT", "PTRACE_KILL", "PTRACE_SINGLESTEP",
97 	NULL, NULL,
98 	"PTRACE_GETREGS", "PTRACE_SETREGS", "PTRACE_GETFPREGS",
99 	"PTRACE_SETFPREGS", "PTRACE_ATTACH", "PTRACE_DETACH",
100 	NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
101 	"PTRACE_SYSCALL",
102 };
103 
104 int	main(int, char **);
105 static int	fread_tail(void *, size_t, size_t);
106 static int	dumpheader(struct ktr_header *);
107 static void	output_long(u_long, int);
108 static void	ioctldecode(u_long);
109 static void	ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *);
110 static void	ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *, int);
111 static void	ktrnamei(char *, int);
112 static void	ktremul(char *, int, int);
113 static void	ktrgenio(struct ktr_genio *, int);
114 static void	ktrpsig(void *, int);
115 static void	ktrcsw(struct ktr_csw *);
116 static void	ktruser(struct ktr_user *, int);
117 static void	ktrmmsg(struct ktr_mmsg *, int);
118 static void	ktrmool(struct ktr_mool *, int);
119 static void	ktrmib(int *, int);
120 static void	usage(void) __dead;
121 static void	eprint(int);
122 static void	rprint(register_t);
123 static const char *signame(long, int);
124 static void hexdump_buf(const void *, int, int);
125 static void visdump_buf(const void *, int, int);
126 
127 int
128 main(int argc, char **argv)
129 {
130 	int ch, ktrlen, size;
131 	void *m;
132 	int trpoints = 0;
133 	int trset = 0;
134 	const char *emul_name = "netbsd";
135 	int col;
136 	char *cp;
137 
138 	setprogname(argv[0]);
139 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "e:f:dlm:Nnp:RTt:xX:")) != -1) {
140 		switch (ch) {
141 		case 'e':
142 			emul_name = strdup(optarg); /* it's safer to copy it */
143 			break;
144 		case 'f':
145 			tracefile = optarg;
146 			break;
147 		case 'd':
148 			decimal = 1;
149 			break;
150 		case 'l':
151 			tail = 1;
152 			break;
153 		case 'p':
154 			do_pid = strtoul(optarg, &cp, 0);
155 			if (*cp != 0)
156 				errx(1,"invalid number %s", optarg);
157 			break;
158 		case 'm':
159 			maxdata = strtoul(optarg, &cp, 0);
160 			if (*cp != 0)
161 				errx(1,"invalid number %s", optarg);
162 			break;
163 		case 'N':
164 			numeric++;
165 			break;
166 		case 'n':
167 			plain++;
168 			break;
169 		case 'R':
170 			timestamp = 2;	/* relative timestamp */
171 			break;
172 		case 'T':
173 			timestamp = 1;
174 			break;
175 		case 't':
176 			trset = 1;
177 			trpoints = getpoints(trpoints, optarg);
178 			if (trpoints < 0)
179 				errx(1, "unknown trace point in %s", optarg);
180 			break;
181 		case 'x':
182 			word_size = 1;
183 			break;
184 		case 'X':
185 			word_size = strtoul(optarg, &cp, 0);
186 			if (*cp != 0 || word_size & (word_size - 1) ||
187 			    word_size > 16 || word_size <= 0)
188 				errx(1, "argument to -X must be "
189 				    "1, 2, 4, 8 or 16");
190 			break;
191 		default:
192 			usage();
193 		}
194 	}
195 	argv += optind;
196 	argc -= optind;
197 
198 	if (!trset)
199 		trpoints = ALL_POINTS;
200 
201 	if (tracefile == NULL) {
202 		if (argc == 1) {
203 			tracefile = argv[0];
204 			argv++;
205 			argc--;
206 		} else
207 			tracefile = DEF_TRACEFILE;
208 	}
209 
210 	if (argc > 0)
211 		usage();
212 
213 	setemul(emul_name, 0, 0);
214 	mach_lookup_emul();
215 
216 	m = malloc(size = 1024);
217 	if (m == NULL)
218 		errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
219 	if (!freopen(tracefile, "r", stdin))
220 		err(1, "%s", tracefile);
221 	while (fread_tail(&ktr_header, sizeof(struct ktr_header), 1)) {
222 		if (trpoints & (1 << ktr_header.ktr_type) &&
223 		    (do_pid == -1 || ktr_header.ktr_pid == do_pid))
224 			col = dumpheader(&ktr_header);
225 		else
226 			col = -1;
227 		if ((ktrlen = ktr_header.ktr_len) < 0)
228 			errx(1, "bogus length 0x%x", ktrlen);
229 		if (ktrlen > size) {
230 			while (ktrlen > size)
231 				size *= 2;
232 			m = realloc(m, size);
233 			if (m == NULL)
234 				errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
235 		}
236 		if (ktrlen && fread_tail(m, ktrlen, 1) == 0)
237 			errx(1, "data too short");
238 		if (col == -1)
239 			continue;
240 
241 		/* update context to match currently processed record */
242 		ectx_sanify(ktr_header.ktr_pid);
243 
244 		switch (ktr_header.ktr_type) {
245 		case KTR_SYSCALL:
246 			ktrsyscall(m);
247 			break;
248 		case KTR_SYSRET:
249 			ktrsysret(m, ktrlen);
250 			break;
251 		case KTR_NAMEI:
252 			ktrnamei(m, ktrlen);
253 			break;
254 		case KTR_GENIO:
255 			ktrgenio(m, ktrlen);
256 			break;
257 		case KTR_PSIG:
258 			ktrpsig(m, ktrlen);
259 			break;
260 		case KTR_CSW:
261 			ktrcsw(m);
262 			break;
263 		case KTR_EMUL:
264 			ktremul(m, ktrlen, size);
265 			break;
266 		case KTR_USER:
267 			ktruser(m, ktrlen);
268 			break;
269 		case KTR_MMSG:
270 			ktrmmsg(m, ktrlen);
271 			break;
272 		case KTR_MOOL:
273 			ktrmool(m, ktrlen);
274 			break;
275 		case KTR_EXEC_ARG:
276 		case KTR_EXEC_ENV:
277 			visdump_buf(m, ktrlen, col);
278 			break;
279 		case KTR_MIB:
280 			ktrmib(m, ktrlen);
281 			break;
282 		default:
283 			putchar('\n');
284 			hexdump_buf(m, ktrlen, word_size ? word_size : 1);
285 		}
286 		if (tail)
287 			(void)fflush(stdout);
288 	}
289 	return (0);
290 }
291 
292 static int
293 fread_tail(void *buf, size_t num, size_t size)
294 {
295 	int i;
296 
297 	while ((i = fread(buf, size, num, stdin)) == 0 && tail) {
298 		(void)sleep(1);
299 		clearerr(stdin);
300 	}
301 	return (i);
302 }
303 
304 static int
305 dumpheader(struct ktr_header *kth)
306 {
307 	char unknown[64];
308 	const char *type;
309 	union holdtime {
310 		struct timeval tv;
311 		struct timespec ts;
312 	};
313 	static union holdtime prevtime;
314 	union holdtime temp;
315 	int col;
316 
317 	switch (kth->ktr_type) {
318 	case KTR_SYSCALL:
319 		type = "CALL";
320 		break;
321 	case KTR_SYSRET:
322 		type = "RET ";
323 		break;
324 	case KTR_NAMEI:
325 		type = "NAMI";
326 		break;
327 	case KTR_GENIO:
328 		type = "GIO ";
329 		break;
330 	case KTR_PSIG:
331 		type = "PSIG";
332 		break;
333 	case KTR_CSW:
334 		type = "CSW ";
335 		break;
336 	case KTR_EMUL:
337 		type = "EMUL";
338 		break;
339 	case KTR_USER:
340 		type = "MISC";
341 		break;
342 	case KTR_MMSG:
343 		type = "MMSG";
344 		break;
345 	case KTR_MOOL:
346 		type = "MOOL";
347 		break;
348 	case KTR_EXEC_ENV:
349 		type = "ENV";
350 		break;
351 	case KTR_EXEC_ARG:
352 		type = "ARG";
353 		break;
354 	case KTR_SAUPCALL:
355 		type = "SAU";
356 		break;
357 	case KTR_MIB:
358 		type = "MIB";
359 		break;
360 	default:
361 		(void)snprintf(unknown, sizeof(unknown), "UNKNOWN(%d)",
362 		    kth->ktr_type);
363 		type = unknown;
364 	}
365 
366 	col = printf("%6d ", kth->ktr_pid);
367 	if (kth->ktr_version > KTRFACv0)
368 		col += printf("%6d ", kth->ktr_lid);
369 	col += printf("%-8.*s ", MAXCOMLEN, kth->ktr_comm);
370 	if (timestamp) {
371 		if (timestamp == 2) {
372 			if (kth->ktr_version == KTRFACv0) {
373 				if (prevtime.tv.tv_sec == 0)
374 					temp.tv.tv_sec = temp.tv.tv_usec = 0;
375 				else
376 					timersub(&kth->ktr_tv,
377 					    &prevtime.tv, &temp.tv);
378 				prevtime.tv = kth->ktr_tv;
379 			} else {
380 				if (prevtime.ts.tv_sec == 0)
381 					temp.ts.tv_sec = temp.ts.tv_nsec = 0;
382 				else
383 					timespecsub(&kth->ktr_time,
384 					    &prevtime.ts, &temp.ts);
385 				prevtime.ts = kth->ktr_time;
386 			}
387 		} else {
388 			if (kth->ktr_version == KTRFACv0)
389 				temp.tv = kth->ktr_tv;
390 			else
391 				temp.ts = kth->ktr_time;
392 		}
393 		if (kth->ktr_version == KTRFACv0)
394 			col += printf("%ld.%06ld ",
395 			    (long)temp.tv.tv_sec, (long)temp.tv.tv_usec);
396 		else
397 			col += printf("%ld.%09ld ",
398 			    (long)temp.ts.tv_sec, (long)temp.ts.tv_nsec);
399 	}
400 	col += printf("%-4s  ", type);
401 	return col;
402 }
403 
404 static void
405 output_long(u_long it, int as_x)
406 {
407 	if (cur_emul->flags & EMUL_FLAG_NETBSD32)
408 		printf(as_x ? "%#x" : "%d", (u_int)it);
409 	else
410 		printf(as_x ? "%#lx" : "%ld", it);
411 }
412 
413 static void
414 ioctldecode(u_long cmd)
415 {
416 	char dirbuf[4], *dir = dirbuf;
417 	int c;
418 
419 	if (cmd & IOC_IN)
420 		*dir++ = 'W';
421 	if (cmd & IOC_OUT)
422 		*dir++ = 'R';
423 	*dir = '\0';
424 
425 	c = (cmd >> 8) & 0xff;
426 	if (isprint(c))
427 		printf(",_IO%s('%c',", dirbuf, c);
428 	else
429 		printf(",_IO%s(0x%02x,", dirbuf, c);
430 	output_long(cmd & 0xff, decimal == 0);
431 	if ((cmd & IOC_VOID) == 0) {
432 		putchar(',');
433 		output_long(IOCPARM_LEN(cmd), decimal == 0);
434 	}
435 	putchar(')');
436 }
437 
438 static void
439 ktrsyscall(struct ktr_syscall *ktr)
440 {
441 	int argcount;
442 	const struct emulation *emul = cur_emul;
443 	register_t *ap;
444 	char c;
445 	const char *cp;
446 	const char *sys_name;
447 
448 	argcount = ktr->ktr_argsize / sizeof (*ap);
449 
450 	emul_changed = 0;
451 
452 	if (numeric ||
453 	    ((ktr->ktr_code >= emul->nsysnames || ktr->ktr_code < 0) &&
454 	    mach_traps_dispatch(&ktr->ktr_code, &emul) == 0)) {
455 		sys_name = "?";
456 		(void)printf("[%d]", ktr->ktr_code);
457 	} else {
458 		sys_name = emul->sysnames[ktr->ktr_code];
459 		(void)printf("%s", sys_name);
460 	}
461 #ifdef _LP64
462 #define NETBSD32_	"netbsd32_"
463 	if (cur_emul->flags & EMUL_FLAG_NETBSD32) {
464 		size_t len = strlen(NETBSD32_);
465 		if (strncmp(sys_name, NETBSD32_, len) == 0)
466 			sys_name += len;
467 	}
468 #undef NETBSD32_
469 #endif
470 
471 	ap = (register_t *)((char *)ktr + sizeof(struct ktr_syscall));
472 	if (argcount) {
473 		c = '(';
474 		if (plain) {
475 			;
476 
477 		} else if (strcmp(sys_name, "exit") == 0) {
478 			ectx_delete();
479 
480 		} else if (strcmp(sys_name, "ioctl") == 0 && argcount >= 2) {
481 			(void)putchar('(');
482 			output_long((long)*ap, !(decimal || small(*ap)));
483 			ap++;
484 			argcount--;
485 			if ((cp = ioctlname(*ap)) != NULL)
486 				(void)printf(",%s", cp);
487 			else
488 				ioctldecode(*ap);
489 			ap++;
490 			argcount--;
491 			c = ',';
492 
493 		} else if ((strstr(sys_name, "sigaction") != NULL ||
494 		    strstr(sys_name, "sigvec") != NULL) && argcount >= 1) {
495 			(void)printf("(SIG%s", signame(ap[0], 1));
496 			ap += 1;
497 			argcount -= 1;
498 			c = ',';
499 
500 		} else if ((strcmp(sys_name, "kill") == 0 ||
501 		    strcmp(sys_name, "killpg") == 0) && argcount >= 2) {
502 			putchar('(');
503 			output_long((long)ap[0], !(decimal || small(*ap)));
504 			(void)printf(", SIG%s", signame(ap[1], 1));
505 			ap += 2;
506 			argcount -= 2;
507 			c = ',';
508 
509 		} else if (strcmp(sys_name, "ptrace") == 0 && argcount >= 1) {
510 			putchar('(');
511 			if (strcmp(emul->name, "linux") == 0 ||
512 			    strcmp(emul->name, "linux32") == 0) {
513 				if ((long)*ap >= 0 && *ap <
514 				    sizeof(linux_ptrace_ops) /
515 				    sizeof(linux_ptrace_ops[0]))
516 					(void)printf("%s",
517 					    linux_ptrace_ops[*ap]);
518 				else
519 					output_long((long)*ap, 1);
520 			} else {
521 				if ((long)*ap >= 0 && *ap <
522 				    sizeof(ptrace_ops) / sizeof(ptrace_ops[0]))
523 					(void)printf("%s", ptrace_ops[*ap]);
524 #ifdef PT_MACHDEP_STRINGS
525 				else if (*ap >= PT_FIRSTMACH &&
526 				    *ap - PT_FIRSTMACH <
527 						sizeof(ptrace_machdep_ops) /
528 						sizeof(ptrace_machdep_ops[0]))
529 					(void)printf("%s", ptrace_machdep_ops[*ap - PT_FIRSTMACH]);
530 #endif
531 				else
532 					output_long((long)*ap, 1);
533 			}
534 			ap++;
535 			argcount--;
536 			c = ',';
537 
538 		}
539 		while (argcount > 0) {
540 			putchar(c);
541 			output_long((long)*ap, !(decimal || small(*ap)));
542 			ap++;
543 			argcount--;
544 			c = ',';
545 		}
546 		(void)putchar(')');
547 	}
548 	(void)putchar('\n');
549 }
550 
551 static void
552 ktrsysret(struct ktr_sysret *ktr, int len)
553 {
554 	const struct emulation *emul;
555 	int error = ktr->ktr_error;
556 	int code = ktr->ktr_code;
557 
558 	if (emul_changed)  {
559 		/* In order to get system call name right in execve return */
560 		emul = prev_emul;
561 		emul_changed = 0;
562 	} else
563 		emul = cur_emul;
564 
565 	if (numeric || ((code >= emul->nsysnames || code < 0 || plain > 1) &&
566 	    mach_traps_dispatch(&code, &emul) == 0))
567 		(void)printf("[%d] ", code);
568 	else
569 		(void)printf("%s ", emul->sysnames[code]);
570 
571 	switch (error) {
572 	case 0:
573 		rprint(ktr->ktr_retval);
574 		if (len > offsetof(struct ktr_sysret, ktr_retval_1) &&
575 		    ktr->ktr_retval_1 != 0) {
576 			(void)printf(", ");
577 			rprint(ktr->ktr_retval_1);
578 		}
579 		break;
580 
581 	default:
582 		eprint(error);
583 		break;
584 	}
585 	(void)putchar('\n');
586 }
587 
588 static void
589 rprint(register_t ret)
590 {
591 
592 	if (!plain) {
593 		(void)printf("%ld", (long)ret);
594 		if (!small(ret))
595 			(void)printf("/%#lx", (long)ret);
596 	} else {
597 		if (decimal || small(ret))
598 			(void)printf("%ld", (long)ret);
599 		else
600 			(void)printf("%#lx", (long)ret);
601 	}
602 }
603 
604 /*
605  * We print the original emulation's error numerically, but we
606  * translate it to netbsd to print it symbolically.
607  */
608 static void
609 eprint(int e)
610 {
611 	int i = e;
612 
613 	if (cur_emul->errnomap) {
614 
615 		/* No remapping for ERESTART and EJUSTRETURN */
616 		/* Kludge for linux that has negative error numbers */
617 		if (cur_emul->errnomap[2] > 0 && e < 0)
618 			goto normal;
619 
620 		for (i = 0; i < cur_emul->nerrnomap; i++)
621 			if (e == cur_emul->errnomap[i])
622 				break;
623 
624 		if (i == cur_emul->nerrnomap) {
625 			printf("-1 unknown errno %d", e);
626 			return;
627 		}
628 	}
629 
630 normal:
631 	switch (i) {
632 	case ERESTART:
633 		(void)printf("RESTART");
634 		break;
635 
636 	case EJUSTRETURN:
637 		(void)printf("JUSTRETURN");
638 		break;
639 
640 	default:
641 		(void)printf("-1 errno %d", e);
642 		if (!plain)
643 			(void)printf(" %s", strerror(i));
644 	}
645 }
646 
647 static void
648 ktrnamei(char *cp, int len)
649 {
650 
651 	(void)printf("\"%.*s\"\n", len, cp);
652 }
653 
654 static void
655 ktremul(char *name, int len, int bufsize)
656 {
657 
658 	if (len >= bufsize)
659 		len = bufsize - 1;
660 
661 	name[len] = '\0';
662 	setemul(name, ktr_header.ktr_pid, 1);
663 	emul_changed = 1;
664 
665 	(void)printf("\"%s\"\n", name);
666 }
667 
668 static void
669 hexdump_buf(const void *vdp, int datalen, int word_sz)
670 {
671 	const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
672 	char chars[16], prev[16];
673 	char bytes[16 * 3 + 4];
674 	const unsigned char *dp = vdp;
675 	const unsigned char *datalim = dp + datalen;
676 	const unsigned char *line_end;
677 	int off, l = 0, c;
678 	char *cp, *bp;
679 	int divmask = word_sz - 1;	/* block size in bytes */
680 	int gdelim = 3;			/* gap between blocks */
681 	int bsize = 2;			/* increment for each byte */
682 	int width;
683 	int dupl = 0;
684 #if _BYTE_ORDER == _LITTLE_ENDIAN
685 	int bswap = word_sz - 1;
686 #else
687 #define	bswap 0
688 #endif
689 
690 	switch (word_sz) {
691 	case 2:
692 		gdelim = 2;
693 		break;
694 	case 1:
695 		divmask = 7;
696 		bsize = 3;
697 		gdelim = 1;
698 		break;
699 	default:
700 		break;
701 	}
702 	width = 16 * bsize + (16 / (divmask + 1)) * gdelim;
703 	if (word_sz != 1)
704 		width += 2;
705 
706 	for (off = 0; dp < datalim; off += l) {
707 		memset(bytes, ' ', sizeof bytes);
708 		line_end = dp + 16;
709 		if (line_end >= datalim) {
710 			line_end = datalim;
711 			dupl |= 1;	/* need to print */
712 		} else {
713 			if (dupl == 0 || memcmp(dp, prev, sizeof chars))
714 				dupl |= 1;
715 		}
716 
717 		if (!(dupl & 1)) {
718 			/* This is a duplicate of the line above, count 'em */
719 			dupl += 2;
720 			dp = line_end;
721 			continue;
722 		}
723 
724 		if (dupl > 3) {
725 			/* previous line as a duplicate */
726 			if (dupl == 5)
727 				/* Only one duplicate, print line */
728 				printf("\t%-5.3x%.*s%.*s\n",
729 					off - l, width, bytes, l, chars);
730 			else
731 				printf("\t%.*s\n",
732 					snprintf(NULL, 0, "%3x", off), "*****");
733 		}
734 
735 		for (l = 0, bp = bytes, cp = chars; dp < line_end; l++) {
736 			c = *dp++;
737 			prev[l] = c;
738 			if ((l & divmask) == 0)
739 				bp += gdelim;
740 			bp[(l ^ bswap) * bsize] = hex[c >> 4];
741 			bp[(l ^ bswap) * bsize + 1] = hex[c & 0xf];
742 			*cp++ = isgraph(c) ? c : '.';
743 		}
744 
745 		printf("\t%-5.3x%.*s%.*s\n", off, width, bytes, l, chars);
746 		dupl = 2;
747 	}
748 }
749 
750 static void
751 visdump_buf(const void *vdp, int datalen, int col)
752 {
753 	const unsigned char *dp = vdp;
754 	char *cp;
755 	int width;
756 	char visbuf[5];
757 	static int screenwidth = 0;
758 
759 	if (screenwidth == 0) {
760 		struct winsize ws;
761 
762 		if (!plain && ioctl(fileno(stderr), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1 &&
763 		    ws.ws_col > 8)
764 			screenwidth = ws.ws_col;
765 		else
766 			screenwidth = 80;
767 	}
768 
769 	(void)printf("\"");
770 	col++;
771 	for (; datalen > 0; datalen--, dp++) {
772 		(void)svis(visbuf, *dp, VIS_CSTYLE,
773 		    datalen > 1 ? *(dp + 1) : 0, "\"\n");
774 		cp = visbuf;
775 		/*
776 		 * Keep track of printables and
777 		 * space chars (like fold(1)).
778 		 */
779 		if (col == 0) {
780 			(void)putchar('\t');
781 			col = 8;
782 		}
783 		switch (*cp) {
784 		case '\n':
785 			col = 0;
786 			(void)putchar('\n');
787 			continue;
788 		case '\t':
789 			width = 8 - (col & 07);
790 			break;
791 		default:
792 			width = strlen(cp);
793 		}
794 		if (col + width > (screenwidth - 2)) {
795 			(void)printf("\\\n\t");
796 			col = 8;
797 			if (*cp == '\t')
798 				width = 8;
799 		}
800 		col += width;
801 		do {
802 			(void)putchar(*cp++);
803 		} while (*cp);
804 	}
805 	if (col == 0)
806 		(void)printf("       ");
807 	(void)printf("\"\n");
808 }
809 
810 static void
811 ktrgenio(struct ktr_genio *ktr, int len)
812 {
813 	int datalen = len - sizeof (struct ktr_genio);
814 	char *dp = (char *)ktr + sizeof (struct ktr_genio);
815 
816 	if (ktr->ktr_fd != -1)
817 		printf("fd %d ", ktr->ktr_fd);
818 	printf("%s %d bytes\n",
819 	    ktr->ktr_rw == UIO_READ ? "read" : "wrote", datalen);
820 	if (maxdata == 0)
821 		return;
822 	if (maxdata > 0 && datalen > maxdata)
823 		datalen = maxdata;
824 	if (word_size) {
825 		hexdump_buf(dp, datalen, word_size);
826 		return;
827 	}
828 	(void)printf("       ");
829 	visdump_buf(dp, datalen, 7);
830 }
831 
832 static void
833 ktrpsig(void *v, int len)
834 {
835 	int signo, first;
836 	struct {
837 		struct ktr_psig ps;
838 		siginfo_t si;
839 	} *psig = v;
840 	siginfo_t *si = &psig->si;
841 	const char *code;
842 
843 	(void)printf("SIG%s ", signame(psig->ps.signo, 0));
844 	if (psig->ps.action == SIG_DFL)
845 		(void)printf("SIG_DFL");
846 	else {
847 		(void)printf("caught handler=%p mask=(", psig->ps.action);
848 		first = 1;
849 		for (signo = 1; signo < NSIG; signo++) {
850 			if (sigismember(&psig->ps.mask, signo)) {
851 				if (first)
852 					first = 0;
853 				else
854 					(void)printf(",");
855 				(void)printf("%d", signo);
856 			}
857 		}
858 		(void)printf(")");
859 	}
860 	switch (len) {
861 	case sizeof(struct ktr_psig):
862 		if (psig->ps.code)
863 			printf(" code=0x%x", psig->ps.code);
864 		printf(psig->ps.action == SIG_DFL ? "\n" : ")\n");
865 		return;
866 	case sizeof(*psig):
867 		if (si->si_code == 0) {
868 			printf(": code=SI_USER sent by pid=%d, uid=%d)\n",
869 			    si->si_pid, si->si_uid);
870 			return;
871 		}
872 
873 		if (si->si_code < 0) {
874 			switch (si->si_code) {
875 			case SI_TIMER:
876 				printf(": code=SI_TIMER sigval %p)\n",
877 				    si->si_value.sival_ptr);
878 				return;
879 			case SI_QUEUE:
880 				code = "SI_QUEUE";
881 				break;
882 			case SI_ASYNCIO:
883 				code = "SI_ASYNCIO";
884 				break;
885 			case SI_MESGQ:
886 				code = "SI_MESGQ";
887 				break;
888 			default:
889 				code = NULL;
890 				break;
891 			}
892 			if (code)
893 				printf(": code=%s unimplemented)\n", code);
894 			else
895 				printf(": code=%d unimplemented)\n",
896 				    si->si_code);
897 			return;
898 		}
899 
900 		code = siginfocodename(si->si_signo, si->si_code);
901 		switch (si->si_signo) {
902 		case SIGCHLD:
903 			printf(": code=%s child pid=%d, uid=%d, "
904 			    " status=%u, utime=%lu, stime=%lu)\n",
905 			    code, si->si_pid,
906 			    si->si_uid, si->si_status,
907 			    (unsigned long) si->si_utime,
908 			    (unsigned long) si->si_stime);
909 			return;
910 		case SIGILL:
911 		case SIGFPE:
912 		case SIGSEGV:
913 		case SIGBUS:
914 		case SIGTRAP:
915 			printf(": code=%s, addr=%p, trap=%d)\n",
916 			    code, si->si_addr, si->si_trap);
917 			return;
918 		case SIGIO:
919 			printf(": code=%s, fd=%d, band=%lx)\n",
920 			    code, si->si_fd, si->si_band);
921 			return;
922 		default:
923 			printf(": code=%s, errno=%d)\n",
924 			    code, si->si_errno);
925 			return;
926 		}
927 		/*NOTREACHED*/
928 	default:
929 		warnx("Unhandled size %d for ktrpsig\n", len);
930 		break;
931 	}
932 }
933 
934 static void
935 ktrcsw(struct ktr_csw *cs)
936 {
937 
938 	(void)printf("%s %s\n", cs->out ? "stop" : "resume",
939 	    cs->user ? "user" : "kernel");
940 }
941 
942 static void
943 ktruser(struct ktr_user *usr, int len)
944 {
945 	int i;
946 	unsigned char *dta;
947 
948 	len -= sizeof(struct ktr_user);
949 	printf("%.*s:", KTR_USER_MAXIDLEN, usr->ktr_id);
950 	dta = (unsigned char *)(usr + 1);
951 	if (word_size) {
952 		printf("\n");
953 		hexdump_buf(dta, len, word_size);
954 		return;
955 	}
956 	printf(" %d, ", len);
957 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
958 		printf("%02x", (unsigned int) dta[i]);
959 	printf("\n");
960 }
961 
962 static void
963 ktrmmsg(struct ktr_mmsg *mmsg, int len)
964 {
965 	const char *service_name;
966 	const char *reply;
967 	int id;
968 
969 	id = mmsg->ktr_id;
970 	if ((id / 100) % 2) {  /* Message reply */
971 		reply = " reply";
972 		id -= 100;
973 	} else {
974 		reply = "";
975 	}
976 
977 	if ((service_name = mach_service_name(id)) != NULL)
978 		printf("%s%s [%d]\n", service_name, reply, mmsg->ktr_id);
979 	else
980 		printf("unknown service%s [%d]\n", reply, mmsg->ktr_id);
981 
982 	hexdump_buf(mmsg, len, word_size ? word_size : 4);
983 }
984 
985 static void
986 ktrmool(struct ktr_mool *mool, int len)
987 {
988 	size_t size = mool->size;
989 
990 	printf("%ld/0x%lx bytes at %p\n",
991 	    (u_long)size, (u_long)size, mool->uaddr);
992 	mool++;
993 	hexdump_buf(mool, size, word_size ? word_size : 4);
994 }
995 
996 static void
997 ktrmib(int *namep, int len)
998 {
999 	int i;
1000 
1001 	for (i = 0; i < (len / sizeof(*namep)); i++)
1002 		printf("%s%d", (i == 0) ? "" : ".", namep[i]);
1003 	printf("\n");
1004 }
1005 
1006 static const char *
1007 signame(long sig, int xlat)
1008 {
1009 	static char buf[64];
1010 
1011 	if (sig == 0)
1012 		return " 0";
1013 	else if (sig < 0 || sig >= NSIG) {
1014 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "*unknown %ld*", sig);
1015 		return buf;
1016 	} else
1017 		return sys_signame[(xlat && cur_emul->signalmap != NULL) ?
1018 		    cur_emul->signalmap[sig] : sig];
1019 }
1020 
1021 static void
1022 usage(void)
1023 {
1024 
1025 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-dlNnRT] [-e emulation] "
1026 	   "[-f file] [-m maxdata] [-p pid]\n             [-t trstr] "
1027 	   "[-x | -X size] [file]\n", getprogname());
1028 	exit(1);
1029 }
1030