xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/db/db.c (revision cac8e449158efc7261bebc8657cbb0125a2cfdde)
1 /*	$NetBSD: db.c,v 1.16 2008/04/28 20:24:12 martin Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2002-2007 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Luke Mewburn of Wasabi Systems.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 #ifdef __RCSID
35 __RCSID("$NetBSD: db.c,v 1.16 2008/04/28 20:24:12 martin Exp $");
36 #endif /* __RCSID */
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #include <db.h>
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <fcntl.h>
43 #include <stdio.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include <unistd.h>
47 #include <vis.h>
48 
49 
50 typedef enum {
51 	F_WRITE		= 1<<0,
52 	F_DELETE	= 1<<1,
53 	F_SHOW_KEY	= 1<<2,
54 	F_SHOW_VALUE	= 1<<3,
55 	F_QUIET		= 1<<10,
56 	F_IGNORECASE	= 1<<11,
57 	F_ENDIAN_BIG	= 1<<12,
58 	F_ENDIAN_LITTLE	= 1<<13,
59 	F_NO_NUL	= 1<<14,
60 	F_CREATENEW	= 1<<20,
61 	F_DUPLICATES	= 1<<21,
62 	F_REPLACE	= 1<<22,
63 	F_ENCODE_KEY	= 1<<23,
64 	F_ENCODE_VAL	= 1<<24,
65 	F_DECODE_KEY	= 1<<25,
66 	F_DECODE_VAL	= 1<<26,
67 } flags_t;
68 
69 int	main(int, char *[]);
70 void	db_print(DBT *, DBT *);
71 int	db_dump(void);
72 int	db_del(char *);
73 int	db_get(char *);
74 int	db_put(char *, char *);
75 int	parseline(FILE *, const char *, char **, char **);
76 int	encode_data(size_t, char *, char **);
77 int	decode_data(char *, char **);
78 void	parse_encode_decode_arg(const char *, int);
79 int	parse_encode_option(char **);
80 void	usage(void);
81 
82 flags_t	 flags = 0;
83 DB	*db;
84 char	*outputsep = "\t";
85 int	encflags = 0;
86 char	*extra_echars = NULL;
87 
88 int
89 main(int argc, char *argv[])
90 {
91 	struct {
92 		char	*file;
93 		char	*type;
94 		DBTYPE	 dbtype;
95 		void	*info;
96 		int	 flags;
97 		mode_t	 mode;
98 	} oi;
99 	BTREEINFO	btreeinfo;
100 	HASHINFO	hashinfo;
101 	FILE		*infp;
102 	const char	*infile, *fieldsep;
103 	char		*p, *key, *val;
104 	int		ch, rv;
105 
106 	setprogname(argv[0]);
107 
108 	infile = NULL;
109 	fieldsep = " ";
110 	infp = NULL;
111 	memset(&oi, 0, sizeof(oi));
112 	oi.mode = 0644;
113 
114 				/* parse arguments */
115 	while ( (ch = getopt(argc, argv,
116 			     "CDdE:F:f:iKm:NO:qRS:T:U:VwX:")) != -1) {
117 		switch (ch) {
118 
119 		case 'C':
120 			flags |= F_CREATENEW;
121 			break;
122 
123 		case 'D':
124 			flags |= F_DUPLICATES;
125 			break;
126 
127 		case 'd':
128 			flags |= F_DELETE;
129 			break;
130 
131 		case 'E':
132 			if (! optarg[0] || optarg[1])
133 				goto badendian;
134 			switch (toupper((int)optarg[0])) {
135 			case 'B':
136 				flags |= F_ENDIAN_BIG;
137 				break;
138 			case 'L':
139 				flags |= F_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
140 				break;
141 			case 'H':
142 				flags &= ~(F_ENDIAN_BIG | F_ENDIAN_LITTLE);
143 				break;
144 			default:
145  badendian:
146 				errx(1, "Bad endian `%s'", optarg);
147 			}
148 			break;
149 
150 		case 'F':
151 			if (! optarg[0])
152 				errx(1, "Invalid field separator `%s'",
153 				    optarg);
154 			fieldsep = optarg;
155 			break;
156 
157 		case 'f':
158 			infile = optarg;
159 			break;
160 
161 		case 'i':
162 			flags |= F_IGNORECASE;
163 			break;
164 
165 		case 'K':
166 			flags |= F_SHOW_KEY;
167 			break;
168 
169 		case 'm':
170 			oi.mode = (int)strtol(optarg, &p, 8);
171 			if (p == optarg || *p != '\0')
172 				errx(1, "Invalid octal number `%s'", optarg);
173 			break;
174 
175 		case 'N':
176 			flags |= F_NO_NUL;
177 			break;
178 
179 		case 'O':
180 			outputsep = optarg;
181 			break;
182 
183 		case 'q':
184 			flags |= F_QUIET;
185 			break;
186 
187 		case 'R':
188 			flags |= F_REPLACE;
189 			break;
190 
191 		case 'S':
192 			parse_encode_decode_arg(optarg, 1 /* encode */);
193 			if (! (flags & (F_ENCODE_KEY | F_ENCODE_VAL)))
194 				errx(1, "Invalid encoding argument `%s'",
195 				    optarg);
196 			break;
197 
198 		case 'T':
199 			encflags = parse_encode_option(&optarg);
200 			if (! encflags)
201 				errx(1, "Invalid encoding option `%s'",
202 				    optarg);
203 			break;
204 
205 		case 'U':
206 			parse_encode_decode_arg(optarg, 0 /* decode */);
207 			if (! (flags & (F_DECODE_KEY | F_DECODE_VAL)))
208 				errx(1, "Invalid decoding argument `%s'",
209 				    optarg);
210 			break;
211 
212 		case 'V':
213 			flags |= F_SHOW_VALUE;
214 			break;
215 
216 		case 'w':
217 			flags |= F_WRITE;
218 			break;
219 
220 		case 'X':
221 			extra_echars = optarg;
222 			break;
223 
224 		default:
225 			usage();
226 
227 		}
228 	}
229 	argc -= optind;
230 	argv += optind;
231 
232 				/* validate arguments */
233 	if (argc < 2)
234 		usage();
235 	oi.type = argv[0];
236 	oi.file = argv[1];
237 	argc -= 2;
238 	argv += 2;
239 
240 	if (flags & F_WRITE) {
241 		if (flags & (F_SHOW_KEY | F_SHOW_VALUE | F_DELETE))
242 			usage();
243 		if ((!infile && argc < 2) || (argc % 2))
244 			usage();
245 		oi.flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXLOCK;
246 		if (flags & F_CREATENEW)
247 			flags |= O_TRUNC;
248 	} else if (flags & F_DELETE) {
249 		if (flags & (F_SHOW_KEY | F_SHOW_VALUE | F_WRITE))
250 			usage();
251 		if (!infile && argc < 1)
252 			usage();
253 		oi.flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXLOCK;
254 	} else {
255 		if (! (flags & (F_SHOW_KEY | F_SHOW_VALUE)))
256 			flags |= (F_SHOW_KEY | F_SHOW_VALUE);
257 		oi.flags = O_RDONLY | O_SHLOCK;
258 	}
259 
260 				/* validate oi.type */
261 	if (strcmp(oi.type, "btree") == 0) {
262 		memset(&btreeinfo, 0, sizeof(btreeinfo));
263 		if (flags & F_ENDIAN_BIG)
264 			btreeinfo.lorder = 4321;
265 		else if (flags & F_ENDIAN_LITTLE)
266 			btreeinfo.lorder = 1234;
267 		if (flags & F_DUPLICATES)
268 			btreeinfo.flags = R_DUP;
269 		btreeinfo.cachesize = 1024 * 1024;
270 		oi.info = &btreeinfo;
271 		oi.dbtype = DB_BTREE;
272 	} else if (strcmp(oi.type, "hash") == 0) {
273 		memset(&hashinfo, 0, sizeof(hashinfo));
274 		if (flags & F_ENDIAN_BIG)
275 			hashinfo.lorder = 4321;
276 		else if (flags & F_ENDIAN_LITTLE)
277 			hashinfo.lorder = 1234;
278 		hashinfo.cachesize = 1024 * 1024;
279 		oi.info = &hashinfo;
280 		oi.dbtype = DB_HASH;
281 	} else {
282 		warnx("Unknown database type `%s'", oi.type);
283 		usage();
284 	}
285 
286 	if (infile) {
287 		if (strcmp(infile, "-") == 0)
288 			infp = stdin;
289 		else if ((infp = fopen(infile, "r")) == NULL)
290 			err(1, "Opening input file `%s'", infile);
291 	}
292 
293 				/* open database */
294 	db = dbopen(oi.file, oi.flags, oi.mode, oi.dbtype, oi.info);
295 	if (db == NULL)
296 		err(1, "Opening database `%s'", oi.file);
297 
298 
299 				/* manipulate database */
300 	rv = 0;
301 	if (flags & F_WRITE) {			/* write entries */
302 		for (ch = 0; ch < argc; ch += 2)
303 			if ((rv = db_put(argv[ch], argv[ch+1])))
304 				goto cleanup;
305 		if (infp) {
306 			while (parseline(infp, fieldsep, &key, &val)) {
307 				if ((rv = db_put(key, val)))
308 					goto cleanup;
309 			}
310 			if (ferror(infp)) {
311 				warnx("Reading `%s'", infile);
312 				goto cleanup;
313 			}
314 		}
315 	} else if (!infp && argc == 0) {	/* read all */
316 		db_dump();
317 	} else {				/* read/delete specific */
318 		int	(*dbop)(char *);
319 
320 		if (flags & F_DELETE)
321 			dbop = db_del;
322 		else
323 			dbop = db_get;
324 		for (ch = 0; ch < argc; ch++) {
325 			if ((rv = dbop(argv[ch])))
326 				goto cleanup;
327 		}
328 		if (infp) {
329 			while (parseline(infp, fieldsep, &key, NULL)) {
330 				if ((rv = dbop(key)))
331 					goto cleanup;
332 			}
333 			if (ferror(infp)) {
334 				warnx("Reading `%s'", infile);
335 				goto cleanup;
336 			}
337 		}
338 	}
339 
340 				/* close database */
341  cleanup:
342 	if (db->close(db) == -1)
343 		err(1, "Closing database `%s'", oi.file);
344 	if (infp)
345 		fclose(infp);
346 	return (rv);
347 }
348 
349 void
350 db_print(DBT *key, DBT *val)
351 {
352 	int	len;
353 	char	*data;
354 
355 #define	MINUSNUL(x)	((x) > 0  ?  (x) - (flags & F_NO_NUL ? 0 : 1)  :  0)
356 
357 	if (flags & F_SHOW_KEY) {
358 		if (flags & F_ENCODE_KEY) {
359 			len = encode_data(MINUSNUL(key->size),
360 			    (char *)key->data, &data);
361 		} else {
362 			len = (int)MINUSNUL(key->size);
363 			data = (char *)key->data;
364 		}
365 		printf("%.*s", len, data);
366 	}
367 	if ((flags & F_SHOW_KEY) && (flags & F_SHOW_VALUE))
368 		printf("%s", outputsep);
369 	if (flags & F_SHOW_VALUE) {
370 		if (flags & F_ENCODE_VAL) {
371 			len = encode_data(MINUSNUL(val->size),
372 			    (char *)val->data, &data);
373 		} else {
374 			len = (int)MINUSNUL(val->size);
375 			data = (char *)val->data;
376 		}
377 		printf("%.*s", len, data);
378 	}
379 	printf("\n");
380 }
381 
382 int
383 db_dump(void)
384 {
385 	DBT	key, val;
386 	int	rv;
387 
388 	while ((rv = db->seq(db, &key, &val, R_NEXT)) == 0)
389 		db_print(&key, &val);
390 	if (rv == -1)
391 		warn("Error dumping database");
392 	return (rv == 1 ? 0 : 1);
393 }
394 
395 static void
396 db_makekey(DBT *key, char *keystr, int downcase, int decode)
397 {
398 	char	*p, *ks;
399 	int	klen;
400 
401 	memset(key, 0, sizeof(*key));
402 	if (decode) {
403 		if ((klen = decode_data(keystr, &ks)) == -1)
404 			errx(1, "Invalid escape sequence in `%s'", keystr);
405 	} else {
406 		klen = strlen(keystr);
407 		ks = keystr;
408 	}
409 	key->data = ks;
410 	key->size = klen + (flags & F_NO_NUL ? 0 : 1);
411 	if (downcase && (flags & F_IGNORECASE)) {
412 		for (p = ks; *p; p++)
413 			if (isupper((int)*p))
414 				*p = tolower((int)*p);
415 	}
416 }
417 
418 int
419 db_del(char *keystr)
420 {
421 	DBT	key;
422 	int	r = 0;
423 
424 	db_makekey(&key, keystr, 1, (flags & F_DECODE_KEY ? 1 : 0));
425 	switch (db->del(db, &key, 0)) {
426 	case -1:
427 		warn("Error deleting key `%s'", keystr);
428 		r = 1;
429 		break;
430 	case 0:
431 		if (! (flags & F_QUIET))
432 			printf("Deleted key `%s'\n", keystr);
433 		break;
434 	case 1:
435 		warnx("Unknown key `%s'", keystr);
436 		break;
437 	}
438 	if (flags & F_DECODE_KEY)
439 		free(key.data);
440 	return (r);
441 }
442 
443 int
444 db_get(char *keystr)
445 {
446 	DBT	key, val;
447 	char	*wantkey;
448 	int	r, found;
449 	u_int	seqflags;
450 
451 	db_makekey(&key, keystr, 1, (flags & F_DECODE_KEY ? 1 : 0));
452 	wantkey = strdup(key.data);
453 	if (wantkey == NULL)
454 		err(1, "Cannot allocate key buffer");
455 
456 	found = 0;
457 	seqflags = R_CURSOR;
458 	while ((r = db->seq(db, &key, &val, seqflags)) == 0) {
459 		if (strcmp((char *)key.data, wantkey) != 0) {
460 			r = 1;
461 			break;
462 		}
463 		seqflags = R_NEXT;
464 		found++;
465 		db_print(&key, &val);
466 		if (! (flags & F_DUPLICATES))
467 			break;
468 	}
469 
470 	switch (r) {
471 	case -1:
472 		warn("Error reading key `%s'", keystr);
473 		r = 1;
474 		break;
475 	case 0:
476 		break;
477 	case 1:
478 		if (found) {
479 			r = 0;
480 			break;
481 		}
482 		if (! (flags & F_QUIET)) {
483 			warnx("Unknown key `%s'", keystr);
484 		}
485 		break;
486 	}
487 	if (flags & F_DECODE_KEY)
488 		free(key.data);
489 	free(wantkey);
490 	return (r);
491 }
492 
493 int
494 db_put(char *keystr, char *valstr)
495 {
496 	DBT	key, val;
497 	int	r = 0;
498 
499 	db_makekey(&key, keystr, 1, (flags & F_DECODE_KEY ? 1 : 0));
500 	db_makekey(&val, valstr, 0, (flags & F_DECODE_VAL ? 1 : 0));
501 	switch (db->put(db, &key, &val,
502 	    (flags & F_REPLACE) ? 0 : R_NOOVERWRITE)) {
503 	case -1:
504 		warn("Error writing key `%s'", keystr);
505 		r = 1;
506 		break;
507 	case 0:
508 		if (! (flags & F_QUIET))
509 			printf("Added key `%s'\n", keystr);
510 		break;
511 	case 1:
512 		if (! (flags & F_QUIET))
513 			warnx("Key `%s' already exists", keystr);
514 		break;
515 	}
516 	if (flags & F_DECODE_KEY)
517 		free(key.data);
518 	if (flags & F_DECODE_VAL)
519 		free(val.data);
520 	return (r);
521 }
522 
523 int
524 parseline(FILE *fp, const char *sep, char **kp, char **vp)
525 {
526 	size_t	len;
527 	char	*key, *val;
528 
529 	key = fgetln(fp, &len);
530 	if (key == NULL)		/* end of file, or error */
531 		return (0);
532 
533 	if (key[len-1] == '\n')		/* check for \n at EOL */
534 		key[--len] = '\0';
535 	else
536 		return (0);
537 
538 	*kp = key;
539 	if (vp == NULL)			/* don't split if don't want value */
540 		return (1);
541 	if ((val = strstr(key, sep)) == NULL)
542 		val = key + len;
543 	else {
544 		*val = '\0';
545 		val += strlen(sep);
546 	}
547 	*vp = val;
548 	return (1);
549 }
550 
551 int
552 encode_data(size_t len, char *data, char **edata)
553 {
554 	static char	*buf = NULL;
555 	char		*nbuf;
556 	static size_t	buflen = 0;
557 	size_t		elen;
558 
559 	elen = 1 + (len * 4);
560 	if (elen > buflen) {
561 		if ((nbuf = realloc(buf, elen)) == NULL)
562 			err(1, "Cannot allocate encoding buffer");
563 		buf = nbuf;
564 		buflen = elen;
565 	}
566 	*edata = buf;
567 	if (extra_echars) {
568 		return (strsvisx(buf, data, len, encflags, extra_echars));
569 	} else {
570 		return (strvisx(buf, data, len, encflags));
571 	}
572 }
573 
574 int
575 decode_data(char *data, char **ddata)
576 {
577 	char	*buf;
578 
579 	if ((buf = malloc(strlen(data) + 1)) == NULL)
580 		err(1, "Cannot allocate decoding buffer");
581 	*ddata = buf;
582 	return (strunvis(buf, data));
583 }
584 
585 void
586 parse_encode_decode_arg(const char *arg, int encode)
587 {
588 	if (! arg[0] || arg[1])
589 		return;
590 	if (arg[0] == 'k' || arg[0] == 'b') {
591 		if (encode)
592 			flags |= F_ENCODE_KEY;
593 		else
594 			flags |= F_DECODE_KEY;
595 	}
596 	if (arg[0] == 'v' || arg[0] == 'b') {
597 		if (encode)
598 			flags |= F_ENCODE_VAL;
599 		else
600 			flags |= F_DECODE_VAL;
601 	}
602 	return;
603 }
604 
605 int
606 parse_encode_option(char **arg)
607 {
608 	int	r = 0;
609 
610 	for(; **arg; (*arg)++) {
611 		switch (**arg) {
612 			case 'b':
613 				r |= VIS_NOSLASH;
614 				break;
615 			case 'c':
616 				r |= VIS_CSTYLE;
617 				break;
618 			case 'o':
619 				r |= VIS_OCTAL;
620 				break;
621 			case 's':
622 				r |= VIS_SAFE;
623 				break;
624 			case 't':
625 				r |= VIS_TAB;
626 				break;
627 			case 'w':
628 				r |= VIS_WHITE;
629 				break;
630 			default:
631 				return (0);
632 				break;
633 		}
634 	}
635 	return (r);
636 }
637 
638 void
639 usage(void)
640 {
641 	const char *p = getprogname();
642 
643 	fprintf(stderr,
644 "usage: %s    [-KiNqV] [-E endian] [-f infile] [-O outsep] [-S visitem]\n"
645 "             [-T visspec] [-X extravis] type dbfile [key [...]]\n"
646 "       %s -d [-iNq] [-E endian] [-f infile] [-U unvisitem]\n"
647 "             type dbfile [key [...]]\n"
648 "       %s -w [-CDiNqR] [-E endian] [-F isep] [-f infile] [-m mode]\n"
649 "             [-U unvisitem] type dbfile [key value [...]]\n"
650 	    ,p ,p ,p );
651 	fprintf(stderr,
652 "Supported modes:\n"
653 "                read keys  [default]\n"
654 "   -d           delete keys\n"
655 "   -w           write (add) keys/values\n"
656 "Supported options:\n"
657 "   -C           create empty (truncated) database\n"
658 "   -D           allow duplicates\n"
659 "   -E endian    database endian: `B'ig, `L'ittle, `H'ost  [default: H]\n"
660 "   -F isep      input field separator string  [default: ' ']\n"
661 "   -f infile    file of keys (read|delete) or keys/vals (write)\n"
662 "   -i           ignore case of key by converting to lower case\n"
663 "   -K           print key\n"
664 "   -m mode      mode of created database  [default: 0644]\n"
665 "   -N           don't NUL terminate key\n"
666 "   -O outsep    output field separator string [default: '\t']\n"
667 "   -q           quiet operation (missing keys aren't errors)\n"
668 "   -R           replace existing keys\n"
669 "   -S visitem   items to strvis(3) encode: 'k'ey, 'v'alue, 'b'oth\n"
670 "   -T visspec   options to control -S encoding like vis(1) options\n"
671 "   -U unvisitem items to strunvis(3) decode: 'k'ey, 'v'alue, 'b'oth\n"
672 "   -V           print value\n"
673 "   -X extravis  extra characters to encode with -S\n"
674 	    );
675 	exit(1);
676 }
677